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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For meteorological flood and drought, which are caused by precipitation and consider the general characteristics of soil and land surface(i. e., the general decay effect of the runoff, evapotranspiration, and percolation), an identical parameter can be used for different locations.  2, record 1, English, - meteorological%20flood

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... drought that occurs when low soil moisture and scarce water supplies stunt crop growth, reduce crop yields, and endanger livestock.  2, record 2, English, - agricultural%20drought

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Agricultural drought occurs when there isn’t enough soil moisture to meet the needs of a particular crop at a particular time. Agricultural drought happens after meteorological drought but before hydrological drought. Agriculture is usually the first economic sector to be affected by drought.  3, record 2, English, - agricultural%20drought

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] sécheresse qui survient lorsque la faible humidité du sol, associée à la rareté de l'eau, arrête la croissance végétale, diminue les rendements et met en danger le bétail.  2, record 2, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20agricole

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] si la sécheresse est un risque limité dans le temps, elle n'agit pas moins directement sur l'ensemble du milieu car son impact se transmet de la pluie (sécheresse climatique) au sol (sécheresse édaphique) aux produits de la terre (sécheresse agricole) et aux nappes aquifères (sécheresse hydrologique).  3, record 2, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20agricole

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  4, record 2, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20agricole

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  5, record 2, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20agricole

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sequía que se produce cuando la cantidad y la distribución de la precipitación, las reservas de agua del suelo y las pérdidas por evaporación se combinan para provocar una acusada disminución de la producción agrícola o ganadera.  3, record 2, Spanish, - sequ%C3%ADa%20agricola

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently prolonged to give rise to a shortage of water as evidenced by below normal streamflow and lake levels and/or the depletion of soil moisture and a lowering of groundwater levels.  2, record 3, English, - hydrological%20drought

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hydrological drought refers to deficiencies in surface and subsurface water supplies. It is measured as streamflow, and as lake, reservoir and ground water levels. There is a time lag between lack of rain and less water in streams, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, so hydrological measurements are not the earliest indicators of drought. When precipitation is reduced or deficient over an extended period of time, this shortage will be reflected in declining surface and subsurface water levels.  3, record 3, English, - hydrological%20drought

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Drought is viewed as a sustained and regionally extensive occurrence of below average natural water availability, either in the form of precipitation, river runoff, or groundwater. Droughts may be classified as meteorological or hydrological : A Meteorological Drought occurs when there is below average availability of precipitation.... A Hydrological Drought is marked by a deficit in the runoff of rivers where discharge(flow) remains below a low threshold or the rivers dry up completely and remain dry for a very long time and a significant natural depletion of aquifers(groundwater). The low threshold flow is the 10-year return period 7-day minimum mean flow.  4, record 3, English, - hydrological%20drought

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Période de temps anormalement sec, suffisamment prolongée pour entraîner une pénurie d'eau caractérisée par un abaissement significatif de l'écoulement des cours d'eau, des niveaux des lacs et/ou des nappes souterraines, les amenant à des valeurs inférieures à la normale, et/ou un assèchement anormal du sol.  2, record 3, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20hydrologique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] si la sécheresse est un risque limité dans le temps, elle n'agit pas moins directement sur l'ensemble du milieu car son impact se transmet de la pluie (sécheresse climatique) au sol (sécheresse édaphique) aux produits de la terre (sécheresse agricole) et aux nappes aquifères (sécheresse hydrologique).  3, record 3, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20hydrologique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  4, record 3, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20hydrologique

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  5, record 3, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20hydrologique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Período de clima anormalmente seco lo suficientemente prolongado para ocasionar una disminución apreciable en el caudal de los ríos, nivel de los lagos y/o un agotamiento de la humedad del suelo y un descenso en los niveles de aguas subterráneas por debajo de sus valores normales.  1, record 3, Spanish, - sequ%C3%ADa%20hidrol%C3%B3gica

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... drought that occurs when precipitation is significantly below normal over a long period.  2, record 4, English, - meteorological%20drought

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meteorological drought is usually an expression of precipitation's departure from normal over some period of time. These definitions are usually region-specific, and presumably based on a thorough understanding of regional climatology. The variety of meteorologic definitions from different countries at different times illustrates why it is folly to apply a definition of drought developed in one part of the world to another : United States(1942) : less than 2. 5 mm of rainfall in 48 hours. Great Britain(1936) : fifteen consecutive days with daily precipitation totals of less than. 25 mm. Libya(1964) : when annual rainfall is less than 180 mm. India(1960) : actual seasonal rainfall is deficient by more than twice the mean deviation. Bali(1964) : a period of six days without rain. Meteorological measurements are the first indicators of drought.  3, record 4, English, - meteorological%20drought

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Drought is viewed as a sustained and regionally extensive occurrence of below average natural water availability, either in the form of precipitation, river runoff, or groundwater. Droughts may be classified as meteorological or hydrological : A Meteorological Drought occurs when there is below average availability of precipitation. The National Meteorological Service(NMS) subdivides meteorological drought into three categories :drought, extreme drought, and severe drought. Drought is defined as less than 60%(range 41-60) of normal rainfall over 8 consecutive weeks. Extreme drought is defined as less than 40%(range 21-40) of the normal rainfall over 8 consecutive weeks. Severe drought is defined as less than 20%(range 0-20) of the normal rainfall over 8 consecutive weeks. The normal rainfall is the thirty year mean.  4, record 4, English, - meteorological%20drought

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] sécheresse qui survient lorsque les précipitations sont bien inférieures à la normale au cours d'une longue période.  1, record 4, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  2, record 4, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, record 4, French, - s%C3%A9cheresse%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sequía que se produce cuando la precipitación desciende mucho más de lo previsto en un área extensa durante un período prolongado.  1, record 4, Spanish, - sequ%C3%ADa%20meteorol%C3%B3gica

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An index used to gage the severity of drought conditions by using a water balance equation to track water supply and demand.  7, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Palmer Index was developed by Wayne Palmer in the 1960s and uses temperature and rainfall information in a formula to determine dryness. It has become the semi-official drought index. The Palmer Index is most effective in determining long term drought-a matter of several months-and is not as good with short-term forecasts (a matter of weeks). It uses a 0 as normal, and drought is shown in terms of minus numbers; for example, minus 2 is moderate drought, minus 3 is severe drought, and minus 4 is extreme drought. ... The Palmer Index can also reflect excess rain using a corresponding level reflected by plus figures; i.e., 0 is normal, plus 2 is moderate rainfall, etc.  8, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) ... compares the actual amount of precipitation received in an area during a specified period with the normal or average amount expected during that same period. It was developed to measure lack of moisture over a relatively long period of time and is based on the supply and demand concept of a water balance equation. Included in the equation are amount of evaporation, soil recharge, and runoff and temperature and precipitation data.  9, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

PALMER DROUGHT INDEX [is] a long-term meteorological drought severity index produced by the NOAA/USDA(Department of Agriculture) Joint Agricultural Weather Facility [that] depicts prolonged times, as in months or years, of abnormal dryness or wetness [over large regions]. It responds slowly, changing little from week to week, and reflects long-term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as evapotranspiration.  10, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 4 CONT

Literature describing the suite of indices for measuring drought that are collectively known as "PDI"; including the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI) ...  5, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Palmer Index has long been used by the agriculture community to anticipate the potential effects of weather on crop development and yield.  11, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Palmer Drought Index [is] published periodically by the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility.  11, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS

... this [PDSI] index is calculated weekly by the National Weather Service [(United States)].  7, record 5, English, - Palmer%20drought%20severity%20index

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est donc évident que les États-Unis reçoivent plus de pluies, plutôt que l'inverse. Cela peut se vérifier en examinant les indices hydrologiques, tels que l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse qui mesure à la fois les sécheresses et les précipitations extrêmes.  5, record 5, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

De nombreux indices de sécheresse ont été élaborés pour tenter de combiner les divers paramètres influant sur les sécheresses en un chiffre unique. À titre d'exemple, citons l'indice de précipitation cumulative, fondé sur un paramètre unique, celui des précipitations, et l'indice Palmer de gravité de sécheresse, plus complexe, basé sur une analyse en profondeur du bilan des eaux superficielles et une comparaison entre les valeurs réelles et les valeurs possibles compte tenu du climat.  6, record 5, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On écrirait mieux «sècheresse».  7, record 5, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sècheresse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  8, record 5, French, - indice%20de%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9%20de%20s%C3%A9cheresse%20de%20Palmer

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... of the World Meteorological Organization. The Tropical Meteorology Research Programme is designed to promote and coordinate research activities of Members in high priority areas of tropical meteorology. Emphasis is on the weather system scale, except for monsoons and drought related studies, which emphasis variability and prediction at the regional and seasonal scale. It is intended to improve social and economic conditions by conducting research to better understand the behaviour of tropical weather systems and further improve weather forecasting to help reduce the loss of life and social disruption arising from severe weather, such as the impact of tropical cyclones.  3, record 6, English, - Tropical%20Meteorology%20Research%20Programme

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... de l'Organisation météorologique mondiale.  3, record 6, French, - Programme%20de%20recherche%20en%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologie%20tropicale

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Organización Meteorológical Mundial.  2, record 6, Spanish, - Programa%20de%20Investigaci%C3%B3n%20sobre%20Meteorolog%C3%ADa%20Tropical