TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Definition of Textualism. ... textualists are generally opposed to relying on external sources to interpret a statute. Instead, textualist analysis focuses on the objective meaning of words contained in the text of the statute.  5, record 1, English, - textualism

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Textualism is a method of statutory construction largely discarded in Canada.  6, record 1, English, - textualism

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Selon la règle de l'interprétation littérale, ou «la doctrine du sens clair», l'exercice d'interprétation se limite à l'analyse du texte étudié. Pour le dire autrement, devant un texte clair, c'est le sens littéral, ordinaire des mots, qui prévaut, et il n’est pas nécessaire de poursuivre plus loin l'interprétation. Cette méthode s'appuyait donc en très grande partie sur le texte de la loi, en mettant de côté son environnement ou son objectif.  1, record 1, French, - r%C3%A8gle%20de%20l%27interpr%C3%A9tation%20litt%C3%A9rale

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La règle de l'interprétation littérale est une méthode d'interprétation des lois qui n'est presque pas en usage au Canada.  2, record 1, French, - r%C3%A8gle%20de%20l%27interpr%C3%A9tation%20litt%C3%A9rale

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The introduced critical path algorithm allows for grouping linear activities into four categories regarding their critical status and their ability to influence project duration. The method is applied to a low‐pressure pipeline construction project and the results are presented.  2, record 2, English, - critical%20path%20algorithm

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Originalism. According to originalists, interpretation is a process of discovery whereby the interpreter merely unearths the intention of the statute’s author. The role of the originalist is not to create law, but to ensure that the law is interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the author’s expectations.  1, record 3, English, - originalism

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Originalism is a method of interpretation that is disregarded in Canada, especially in the construction of the Constitution.  2, record 3, English, - originalism

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A contrepied de cette conception, les tenants de l'originalisme recommandaient une interprétation littérale de la Constitution, et de s'en tenir à son texte et, si besoin, aux intentions des Pères fondateurs, rédacteurs et «ratificateurs» de la Constitution de 1787.  1, record 3, French, - originalisme

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'originalisme est une méthode d'interprétation qui n'est pas en usage au Canada, surtout en ce qui concerne l'interprétation de la constitution.  2, record 3, French, - originalisme

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The] balloon trawl is constructed from two body sections only; the top and bottom sections are joined directly to each other forming a two-seam net.... The balloon trawl is characterized by... its corner piece construction, and method of hanging.  1, record 4, English, - balloon%20trawl

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... used in the shrimp fishery.  2, record 4, English, - balloon%20trawl

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le chalut ballon […] est un chalut à deux faces. Les deux pièces sont reliées directement par des coutures latérales. Pour compenser l'absence de panneaux de côté, les pièces de dos et du ventre, en particulier, sont plus larges que dans les autres chaluts.  1, record 4, French, - chalut%20ballon

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Utilisé pour la pêche des crevettes.  2, record 4, French, - chalut%20ballon

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of concrete building construction in which floor(and roof) slabs are cast, usually at ground level, and then raised into position by jacking.  6, record 5, English, - lift%2Dslab%20construction

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La méthode Youtz-Slick est un des systèmes modernes de construction qui par l'introduction de moyens mécaniques réduit considérablement le travail sur le chantier et permet de grandes économies de temps et du coût de la construction.  1, record 5, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20Youtz%2DSlick

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

También conocido como el método Youtz-Slick, el método de losa de elevación garantiza la eficiencia y la seguridad del tiempo. Básicamente, las losas de concreto se moldean a nivel del suelo, y luego se levantan a través de gatos hidráulicos en la ubicación designada.  1, record 5, Spanish, - m%C3%A9todo%20Youtz%2DSlick

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A fundamental difference between the alloy junction transistor and the grown junction device was that of the method of construction, the alloy junctions being of the abrupt or "step" type, whilst the grown junction devices being of the "graded" type.  2, record 6, English, - alloy%2Djunction%20transistor

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour améliorer encore la réponse en fréquence du transistor à alliage, on a recours à des astuces technologiques qui permettent d'accélérer les charges dans l'électrode de base.  3, record 6, French, - transistor%20%C3%A0%20jonctions%20par%20alliage

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

J-laying refers to a method whereby the pipeline is deployed downwards from a substantially vertical tower. As the pipeline is lowered it adopts a J shape between the vessel and the seabed. S-laying is the preferred procedure for most situations, since it allows for greater speed of construction due to the efficient and near continuous operation of the assembly line.  2, record 7, English, - J%2Dlaying

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de pose en eaux profondes d'une conduite rigide ou flexible que l'on maintient à la verticale au moment de son immersion et qui adopte un profil évoquant un «J» quand elle se pose sur le fond.  1, record 7, French, - pose%20en%20J

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pose en J : terme et définition publiés au Journal officiel de la République française le 19 septembre 2018.  2, record 7, French, - pose%20en%20J

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Complete Fabric Retaining Walls. A fabric retaining wall consists of horizontal layers of fabric-containing earth fill with one side of the fabric folded back around the exposed edge and lapped over the next layer to form the wall face ... . At the face of the wall the fabric retains the soil from spilling out, while in the interior of the fill fabric tensile stress is developed, which stabilizes the mass.  1, record 8, English, - complete%20fabric%20retaining%20wall

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Fabric Earth dams. While this application is similar in concept and construction method to fabric retaining walls, the hydrostatic pressure of the retained water and the potential scour problem make the application somewhat unique. Kern describes an application of this type in France where a fabric wall with a vertical downstream face was constructed... the upstream slope is 2 : 1. The fabric used was a woven polyester filled with a loam soil.  1, record 8, English, - complete%20fabric%20retaining%20wall

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Soutènements. Talus renforcés [...] Mise en œuvre du matériau d'apport : le matériau d'apport doit être mis en œuvre par couches, d'épaisseur adaptée à l'entraxe des nappes géotextiles [...] Chaque couche devra être soigneusement compactée afin de limiter au minimum les déformations du massif. L'exécution classique d'un talus renforcé par des géotextiles exige l'utilisation d'un coffrage mobile que l'on déplace au fur et à mesure de d'édification de l'ouvrage.  2, record 8, French, - mur%20de%20sout%C3%A8nement%20renforc%C3%A9%20par%20des%20g%C3%A9otextiles

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Même si l'expérience montre que, dans la majorité des cas, les ouvrages classiques comportant des géotextiles (voies de circulation, tranchées drainantes, protection de berges, etc.) se comportent bien, il est d'autres constructions qui exigent une surveillance plus étroite, en raison d'une plus grande sollicitation mécanique ou hydraulique du géotextile (ouvrages de soutènement, drain-cheminée dans les digues, etc.).  2, record 8, French, - mur%20de%20sout%C3%A8nement%20renforc%C3%A9%20par%20des%20g%C3%A9otextiles

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rigid shipping container of framed construction joined together with nails, bolts or any equivalent method of fastening.  1, record 9, English, - wood%20crate

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Emballage parallélépipédique constitué de panneaux à larges claires-voies.  2, record 9, French, - cageot

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Optical scatter from the fixtures, coatings and optical lens at the output of a laser transmitter.  2, record 10, English, - port%20scattering

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The intensity of the port scattering depends on the construction method of the laser, as well as its wavelength, operating modes, optical quality and port cleanliness.  1, record 10, English, - port%20scattering

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Concrete that is deposited in the place where it is required to harden as part of the structure, as opposed to precast concrete.  7, record 11, English, - cast%2Din%2Dplace%20concrete

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

One of the principal methods of casting structural members is to deposit the concrete in timber, steel, or glass-fibre molds(...) set up in the final position the member will occupy(...). Or it may be deposited directly on a prepared surface on the ground, as in foundations(...). This method, called cast-in-place, is the most common system of concrete construction.  8, record 11, English, - cast%2Din%2Dplace%20concrete

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Béton mis en place là où il doit constituer un des éléments de l'ouvrage.  1, record 11, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20coul%C3%A9%20en%20place

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In situ : signifie «sur le site, sur le chantier», pour qualifier les ouvrages exécutés sur place, par opposition à ceux qui sont réalisés en atelier.  7, record 11, French, - b%C3%A9ton%20coul%C3%A9%20en%20place

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Geotextile Assembly.... Jointing systems.... Loose overlaps. Usually joints made during the construction of water permeable structures are achieved by overlapping. To date this is the only method which can be carried out under water. The amount of overlap depends on the construction requirement, laying tolerances and such like. The overlap can be minimized by using plastic pins. Pins, however, should only be used above water.  1, record 12, English, - overlapping

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe divers modes d'assemblage des géotextiles dont le choix dépend de la nature de l'ouvrage, des fonctions que doit remplir le géotextile et éventuellement des conditions de mise en œuvre. L'assemblage par recouvrement est le plus facile à réaliser et le plus courant. Le recouvrement d'une nappe sur l'autre doit être au minimum de 0.30 m et peut atteindre 1.00 m, voire davantage, suivant les caractéristiques du sol support (déformabilité), sa planéité, son état de surface, etc. Lors d'un assemblage d'un géotextile par recouvrement, les rouleaux ou fractions de rouleaux sont déroulés successivement en tenant compte des longueurs de recouvrement et du sens de superposition des nappes.  1, record 12, French, - assemblage%20par%20recouvrement

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of estimating construction costs which involves a calculation of all the types of labor and materials, sub-contractor's fees, and equipment required for reproduction of the new building. Each item of cost is priced per unit and then multiplied by the number of units required to create the structure... Overhead, profit and other indirect costs are added in as lump-sum or appropriate percentage at the end.  1, record 13, English, - quantity%20survey%20method

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Méthode exigeant] une liste détaillée de tous les matériaux, de la main-d'œuvre, des honoraires, des frais, des profits, des contingences et de l'équipement nécessaires à la construction d'un bâtiment à la date d'évaluation.  1, record 13, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20des%20quantit%C3%A9s%20d%C3%A9taill%C3%A9es

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Balanced cantilever construction is an economical method when access from below is expensive or practically impossible.  1, record 14, English, - balanced%20cantilever%20construction

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Depending on the method of construction(self-launching centering, balanced cantilever or incremental launching) the box girders are either concreted in situ in long lengths, or concreted in situ or prefabricated in short segments.  1, record 15, English, - balanced%20cantilever

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La solution retenue [...] fut celle d'un pont en arc en béton armé de 260 mètres environ d'ouverture, construit en encorbellements successifs, avec tablier supérieur indépendant à ossature mixte acier-béton [...]  2, record 15, French, - encorbellements%20successifs

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most vertical control for engineering construction is accomplished by direct leveling. In this method, elevation differences between a continuous short series of horizontal lines is determined by direct observations on graduated rods, using an instrument equipped with a sensitive spirit level, or a pendulum-type "automatic" level.  1, record 16, English, - direct%20leveling

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nivellement dans lequel on mesure, directement, sans calculs, suivant des segments de verticales, des différences d'altitude ou «dénivelées».  3, record 16, French, - nivellement%20direct

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Originally used for factories and warehouses, it [heavy timber framing] has also become a preferred method of construction for churches, schools and other places of assembly.  1, record 17, English, - method%20of%20construction

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé technique choisi pour édifier une construction.  3, record 17, French, - mode%20de%20construction

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il lui est possible [architecte], tout en maintenant une série, d'affirmer ce mode de construction [préfabrication] et de lui conférer [...] une qualité plastique et une variété susceptibles de séduire les plus difficiles.  4, record 17, French, - mode%20de%20construction

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Préfabrication : fabrication en série d'éléments standards de construction (maison, navires) assemblés ultérieurement sur place. [Aussi] le mode de construction correspondant.  5, record 17, French, - mode%20de%20construction

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Construcción enchapada: En edificación, método de construcción en el que finas losas de mármol u otro material de paramento visto cubren el paramento exterior de acero, hormigón armado, etc. de un edificio.  1, record 17, Spanish, - m%C3%A9todo%20de%20construcci%C3%B3n

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The HDD construction method is used to install pipelines beneath obstacles-such as stream crossings, lakes, coastal bluffs and road or railroad crossings where conventional open trench pipe construction techniques would cause unacceptable environmental disturbance or resource impacts. Using the continuous bore hole method, a HDD tunnels beneath surface obstacles and then pulls pipeline back through the underground tunnel, leaving the surface undisturbed. The HDD installation involves four main steps : pre-site planning, drilling the pilot hole, expanding pilot hole by reaming, and pullback of a pre-fabricated steel pipe string.  3, record 18, English, - horizontal%20directional%20drilling

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le forage directionnel horizontal est une technique de construction pour l'installation de conduites ou de câbles de petites dimensions ne nécessitant pas le creusage de tranchées. Elle s'est développée à partir des technologies de forage vertical principalement utilisées en industrie pétrolière.  4, record 18, French, - forage%20directionnel%20horizontal

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Better down bags normally separate the top of the fabric from the bottom by filling channels that run at right angles to the length of the bag with down. The most common method is slanted channel construction...  3, record 19, English, - slanted%20channel%20construction

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

One text distinguished between "batting baffles" and "slanted channel construction". Batting baffles is a modification of the slant-tube construction in down bags. Other texts mentioned one or the other but not both.  2, record 19, English, - slanted%20channel%20construction

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Used in sleeping bag construction.  2, record 19, English, - slanted%20channel%20construction

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Des parois internes obliques sont créées pour former des bords relevés recouvrant toutes les coutures et tous les tubes de duvet.  3, record 19, French, - cloison%20oblique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Agroinfection is a] method of plant transformation, for example, more than one genome of the double-stranded DNA of cauliflower mosaic virus is inserted in tandem within the T-DNA of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Such a construction permits the escape of the viral DNA from the bacterial plasmid once it is introduced into plants.  1, record 20, English, - agroinfection

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'observation de [la] corrélation stricte entre capacité de dégradation des opines et induction de la biosynthèse des opines par la plante [à la] suite [de] l'agroinfection avait suggéré l'existence d'un transfert génétique dès les années 1970, bien avant sa mise en évidence expérimentale.  1, record 20, French, - agroinfection

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A drawing which is produced on a transparent medium and thus can be copied together with other drawings related to the same subject and at the same scale. [Definition standardized by ISO.]  3, record 21, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Teamwork in design is therefore maintained by a to and from relation between the individual and the common. The method of overlay diagramming or drafting has been developed for sometime in design practice. Woods and Poowell have documented the method and recommended it as a standard team practice... In general, we can point out that the overlay method is used to enable collaborative design practice in the following aspects : overlay diagram construction : A participant can construct diagrams on top of extracted common images which may contain parts of diagrams drawn by other designers...  2, record 21, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

overlay drawing: term standardized by ISO.  4, record 21, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dessin produit sur un support transparent et pouvant donc être copié en même temps que d'autres dessins relatifs au même sujet et exécutés à la même échelle. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  1, record 21, French, - dessin%20superpos%C3%A9

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dessin superposé : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  3, record 21, French, - dessin%20superpos%C3%A9

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the megastructure to which the contract related was design-built. This meant that tenders were called for, contracts were entered into with the Owner and work was commenced before all of the details of the structure or of the work involved in the various phases of construction was decided upon, such details being conceived, planned and established from the general design as the work progressed. It was established that this method of construction was fairly common nowadays for large construction projects and that the main reason for this method of construction being adopted is to enable an owner to get on with the project much sooner and save many months and sometimes years of detailed planning and designing otherwise required for very large projects before tenders could be called for.  1, record 22, English, - design%2Dbuilt

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit de mégaprojets dont la conception et la construction sont placés sous une seule et même responsabilité.  1, record 22, French, - r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20selon%20la%20m%C3%A9thode%20de%20conception%2Dconstruction

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Équivalents proposés par le Service de traduction, Groupe SNC.  1, record 22, French, - r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20selon%20la%20m%C3%A9thode%20de%20conception%2Dconstruction

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The open-top/vertical installation construction method enables an improved logic that reduces costs while reducing the schedule risk. The internal structure of the reactor building is initially built as vertical walls without floors. Major modules, including the floors, are then installed in parallel.  1, record 23, English, - open%2Dtop%2Fvertical%20installation%20construction

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La méthode de construction de l'installation à toit ouvert/verticale améliore la logique de réduction des coûts tout en limitant les risques de dérapage du calendrier. La structure interne du bâtiment de réacteur est initialement construite sous forme de murs verticaux sans planchers. Les principaux modules, y compris les planchers, sont ensuite installés en parallèle.  1, record 23, French, - construction%20de%20l%27installation%20%C3%A0%20toit%20ouvert%2Fverticale

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Optics pertaining to the development and use of optical components whose characteristics are controlled during their operational use; in contrast to inactive, rigid, or fixed optics.  2, record 24, English, - active%20optics

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Active optics is a relatively new technology for reflecting telescopes developed in the 1980s, which has more recently enabled the construction of a generation of telescopes with 8 metre primary mirrors. Active optics works by "actively" adjusting the telescope's mirrors. This method is used by, among others, the Nordic Optical Telescope, the New Technology Telescope and the Keck telescopes, as well as all of the largest telescopes built in the last decade.  3, record 24, English, - active%20optics

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En astronomie, l'optique active désigne la technologie qui consiste à déformer un miroir réflecteur à fin d'optimiser sa qualité d'image (mise au foyer), et corriger les différentes aberrations optiques (comme la coma, l'astigmatisme, le trèfle etc).  2, record 24, French, - optique%20active

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'optique active ne doit pas être confondue avec l'optique adaptative qui consiste à corriger les déformations de l'image due à la turbulence atmosphérique en temps réel (c'est-à-dire avec une fréquence de quelques Hertz). L'optique active est utilisée, parmi d'autres, par les télescopes suivants : Nordic Optical Telescope, New Technology Telescope à l'Observatoire de La Silla, les télescopes du Very Large Telescope et les Télescopes Keck situés à Hawaii.  2, record 24, French, - optique%20active

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Applies to a framework of a house which has been stiffened against wind stresses, etc.  2, record 25, English, - braced

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Tilt-up construction... is a quick, economical method of constructing concrete walls. Wall panels are cast horizontally on the floor slab. Then, once they are strong enough, a mobile crane lifts the panels up and sets them on a foundation. The panels are temporarily braced while the roof and upper floor framing is constructed. An investigation of the incident in North Carolina revealed that the employer had failed to install adequate bracing, and/or had removed temporary braces on several of the tilt-up wall panels, before completing all permanent connections to the structure.... Ensure that tilt-up panels are properly braced to resist wind and lateral forces.  3, record 25, English, - braced

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit d'une charpente qui a été renforcée pour la raidir contre la poussée du vent, etc.  2, record 25, French, - contrevent%C3%A9

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un mur contreventé à l'aide de pièces de bois posées en diagonale [...] acquiert une résistance latérale et devient un mur de contreventement [...]  3, record 25, French, - contrevent%C3%A9

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In Program Evaluation and Review, a method of network analysis that, means of diagrams of the order in which jobs are to be accomplished or executed, is used for planning, estimating, scheduling and controlling Engineering, Construction or other projects associated with a Program.  5, record 26, English, - critical%20path%20method

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CPM as a technique is well suited to the development of large computer systems.  4, record 26, English, - critical%20path%20method

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Compare to "program evaluation and review technique" (PERT).  6, record 26, English, - critical%20path%20method

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode de planification de projets complexes reposant sur l'étude, sous forme de graphes, de l'imbrication de tâches nécessaires à la réalisation d'un projet, et qui permet, à l'aide de méthodes probabilistes concernant la durée des tâches, de découvrir la solution la plus économique, du point de vue des délais, pour réaliser les objectifs d'un plan.  2, record 26, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20chemin%20critique

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chemin critique : réseau qui a la plus grande longueur parmi tous les réseaux opérationnels séparés qui constituent un diagramme de PERT.  3, record 26, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20chemin%20critique

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La figuration des liaisons dans le temps entre plusieurs opérations à effectuer pour réaliser une tâche s'appelle «graphe» ou «réseau». Chaque tâche, qui ne peut être sautée sans éliminer l'ensemble, est représentée par un point. Les points sont reliés entre eux par des droites plus ou moins longues suivant le temps nécessaire pour terminer la tâche. Le temps le plus court pour parcourir l'ensemble constitue le «chemin critique».  4, record 26, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20chemin%20critique

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] sistema gráfico-matemático para expresar de forma cuantificada el mejor itinerario que debe seguirse en la realización de un proyecto o una obra - que incluye una serie de actividades, de las cuales por lo menos algunas son sucesivas - a fin de maximizar los beneficios esperados. El camino crítico es el más largo de los posibles, pudiendo servir sus colaterales para reducir costes.  3, record 26, Spanish, - m%C3%A9todo%20del%20camino%20cr%C3%ADtico

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A construction method for a large mirror in which the back is hollowed-out to leave a ribbed structure that resembles a honeycomb.  2, record 27, English, - honeycomb%20mirror

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We report on the casting of the first 8.4 meter diameter borosilicate honeycomb mirror at the Steward Observatory Mirror Laboratory. This blank will become the world’s largest monolithic glass telescope mirror, and is the first of two mirrors for the Large Binocular Telescope Project. The honeycomb 8.4 meter mirror was cast from 21 tons of E6 borosilicate glass manufactured by Ohara. This glass is melted into a mold constructed of aluminosilicate fiber to produce a honeycomb structure with roughly 20% of solid density. The 1662 hexagonal voids that form the honeycomb structure are produced by ceramic fiber boxes bolted to the bottom of the mold with SiC bolts. The furnace rotates at 6.8 rpm during the casting process to produce the F/1.14 paraboloid on the front surface. This shaping minimizes the amount of glass which must be removed during the grinding process. The front faceplate of the mirror will be 28 mm thick after generating and the back faceplate will be 25 mm. The overall thickness of the finished honeycomb blank is 89 cm at the outer edge and 44 cm at the central hole.  3, record 27, English, - honeycomb%20mirror

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le miroir alvéolé [permet] de conserver le bon rapport épaisseur/diamètre pour assurer la rigidité, mais de diminuer la masse en laissant des alvéoles vides dans l'épaisseur du verre: on parle aussi de «miroir en nid d'abeilles». [Une technique novatrice] mise au point par Roger Angel (Université Steward, Arizona) [consistait à] mettre en place les alvéoles dès le coulage du verre, évitant ainsi le travail d'évidement ultérieur. [...] un four tournant, [permettait] de donner au miroir une forme parabolique pendant son refroidissement [..]  2, record 27, French, - miroir%20alv%C3%A9ol%C3%A9

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette méthode de fabrication a été mise au point sur des miroirs de plus en plus grands, en commençant par un miroir de 3,50m pour le télescope WYNN à Kitt Peak (Arizona). Les premiers «grands» miroirs ont été coulés pour le MMT (ex Multi Mirror Telescope), puis pour les deux télescopes Magellan de 6.50m, et en ce moment, pour le premier des deux miroirs de 8,4m du LBT (Large Binocular Telescope).  2, record 27, French, - miroir%20alv%C3%A9ol%C3%A9

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method for determining transformations in a metal by noting the temperatures at which thermal arrests occur.  3, record 28, English, - thermal%20analysis

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

These arrests are manifested by changes in slope of the plotted or mechanically traced heating and cooling curves. When such data are secured under nearly equilibrium conditions of heating and cooling, the method is commonly used for determining certain critical temperatures required for the construction of phase diagrams.  3, record 28, English, - thermal%20analysis

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode pour déterminer les transformations dans un métal en repérant les températures auxquelles se produisent les anomalies thermiques.  1, record 28, French, - analyse%20thermique

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ces anomalies se traduisent par des changements de pente sur les courbes température-temps enregistrées au chauffage et au refroidissement. Quand de telles données sont obtenues au chauffage et au refroidissement dans des conditions de quasi-équilibre, la méthode est couramment utilisée pour déterminer certaines températures critiques nécessaires pour la construction des diagrammes d'équilibre.  1, record 28, French, - analyse%20thermique

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The maximum pressure which a valve body can withstand. The actual body rating is the maximum safe permissible fluid pressure at a given temperature. The nominal body rating is a specified rating(often cast on the valve body) based on the specified body material and universally accepted construction characteristics determined by specifications issued by authorities having jurisdiction. It provides a convenient method of classifying the valve by pressure for identification purposes.  1, record 29, English, - valve%20body%20rating

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of computer construction that makes use of miniaturized modules, resulting in faster circuitry because of the reduced distances that current must travel.  5, record 30, English, - solid%20logic%20technology

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is the functional quality of the building(effectiveness of materials, layout and method of construction) in the context of engineering history and functional types?" This criterion evaluates the functional merit of the building, apart from aesthetic considerations. It is intended to provide a means of giving value to our engineering and industrial heritage, where "high-style" solutions are not relevant.  3, record 31, English, - functional%20merit

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quelle est la valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment (efficacité du choix des matériaux, agencement et méthode de construction) en fonction des techniques de l'époque et des types fonctionnels? Ce critère permet d'apprécier la valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment, sans égard à la dimension esthétique. Il sert à donner une valeur à notre patrimoine industriel et technique, dans les cas où les solutions "grand style" ne sont pas pertinentes.  2, record 31, French, - valeur%20fonctionnelle

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Functional design :"what is the functional quality of the building(effectiveness of materials, layout and method of construction) in the context of engineering history and functional types?" This criterion evaluates the functional merit of the building, apart from aesthetic considerations. It is intended to provide a means of giving value to our engineering and industrial heritage, where "high-style" solutions are not relevant.  2, record 32, English, - functional%20design

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Conception fonctionnelle : "quelle est la valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment (efficacité du choix des matériaux, agencement et méthode de construction) en fonction des techniques de l'époque et des types fonctionnels?" Ce critère permet d'apprécier la valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment, sans égard à la dimension esthétique. Il sert à donner une valeur à notre patrimoine industriel et technique, dans les cas où les solutions "grand style" ne sont pas pertinentes.  2, record 32, French, - conception%20fonctionnelle

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The] functional quality of the building(effectiveness of materials, layout and method of construction) in the context of engineering history and functional types... evaluates the functional merit of the building, apart from aesthetic considerations. It is intended to provide a means of giving value to our engineering and industrial heritage, where "high-style" solutions are not relevant.  2, record 33, English, - engineering%20heritage

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment (efficacité du choix des matériaux, agencement et méthode de construction) en fonction des techniques de l'époque et des types fonctionnels [...] permet d'apprécier la valeur fonctionnelle du bâtiment, sans égard à la dimension esthétique [et] sert à donner une valeur à notre patrimoine industriel et technique, dans les cas où les solutions «grand style» ne sont pas pertinentes.  2, record 33, French, - patrimoine%20technique

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A building material consisting of stiff earth or clay rammed in between forms.  4, record 34, English, - pis%C3%A9

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pisé(pisé de terre or rammed earth) method of construction was introduced into the Tuggeranong region by Eusebio Ponsey, a South American, in 1874. The method was well suited to the south-east Australian climatic conditions and used mud, which was cheap and readily available to early settlers.  2, record 34, English, - pis%C3%A9

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Matériau de construction fabriqué à partir de terre argileuse délayée, à laquelle sont ajoutés des cailloux, de la paille ou d'autres constituants, et mis en place dans des branches servant de coffrage.  2, record 34, French, - pis%C3%A9

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A progressive method of fire-line construction on a wildfire without changing relative positions in the line, whereby work is begun with a suitable space between workers; whenever one worker overtakes another, all those ahead move one space forward and resume work on the uncompleted part of the line; the last worker does not move ahead until work is completed in his or her space; forward progress of the crew is coordinated by a crew boss.  1, record 35, English, - bump%2Dup%20method

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Organisation du travail d'une équipe de lutte contre l'incendie, selon laquelle les hommes avancent sans changer leurs positions relatives sur la ligne; cela conduit à confier à chacun d'eux des opérations de nature différentes avant de changer de place; elle comporte des modalités plus ou moins détaillées.  1, record 35, French, - extinction%20progressive

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The method of construction used depends largely on the type of bridge being built. There are six construction methods : falsework, flotation, cantilevering, sliding, direct lifting, and suspension... In the flotation method, mainly used in building long bridges, large bridge sections are prefabricated on shore and floated out on barges to the bridge site. The sections are then hoisted into place either by floating derricks or by winches placed on previously constructed sections of the bridge.  1, record 36, English, - flotation%20construction%20method

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les éléments sont préfabriqués à chaque entrée du tunnel, puis conduits par barge et immergés pour accouplement. En même temps, un pont est construit sur le tunnel pour recevoir la voie férrée.  2, record 36, French, - construction%20par%20remorquage

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Early elevators were 9. 1 metres long by 9. 4 metres wide, ranged from 15. 2 metres to 18. 2 metres in height and had a storage capacity of about 680 tonnes. Cement piers were used to raise them slightly off the ground to allow for ventilation and help control rodents. They were built with 5. 1 by 15. 2 centimetre wooden planks and 5. 1 by 10. 2 centimetre wooden planks. The 2 x 6's were placed flat side up, one on top of each other and securely nailed with spikes to give strength. This procedure was used for the lower part of the elevator; 2 x 4's were then used in a similar manner until the top of the elevator was reached. This method of construction became known as cribbing.  1, record 37, English, - cribbing%20method

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les premiers silos de collecte avaient 9,1 mètres de long sur 9,4 de large, leur hauteur variait entre 15,2 et 18,2 mètres et leur capacité était d'environ 680 tonnes. Ils étaient bâtis sur des pieux de ciment qui les élevaient au-dessus du sol; cela facilitait la circulation de l'air et éliminait en partie le problème des rats et des souris. Ils étaient construits en madriers de 5,1 x 15,2 centimètres et en planches de 5,1 x 10,2 centimètres. Les madriers étaient superposés sur le plat et solidement cloués. Ils formaient la partie inférieure de la construction. Puis les planches étaient disposées de la même manière jusqu'au sommet du silo. Cette technique a pris le nom de construction en caisson.  1, record 37, French, - technique%20de%20construction%20en%20caisson

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A trenchless construction method to install pipe by pushing pipe into place behind a machine controlled remotely. Minimum diameter is 18 in., which is the size limited by available machines. Maximum size is undefined, provided the machine is controlled remotely with no personnel access. A practical maximum is 60 in. internal diameter.  2, record 38, English, - microtunneling

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de pose de canalisation sans travaux à ciel ouvert.  2, record 38, French, - microtunnelage

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Méthode robotisée d'excavation en tunnel qui permet la pose d'une conduite par fonçage horizontal à l'aide de vérins.  3, record 38, French, - microtunnelage

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A partir d'un puits d'entrée, une tête d'attaque, ou microtunnelier, guidée par laser, fore le sol dans la direction désirée, tandis que de puissants vérins forcent, dans le microtunnel ainsi creusé, des éléments de conduite emboîtables les uns dans les autres. On réalise ainsi des sections de tunnel de 150 mètres de long et d'un diamètre allant jusqu'à 1,2 mètre. Le microtunnelage présente de nombreux avantages en milieu urbain, où l'espace au sol est très encombré.  2, record 38, French, - microtunnelage

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

C'est la première fois en France, que le microtunnelage est utilisé pour le renforcement de collecteurs d'eaux usées et pluviales. Le microtunnelage consiste à creuser à l'aide d'une fraise un petit tunnel et de pousser les tuyaux les uns après les autres. L'accès à ce tunnel se fait par des puits verticaux.  4, record 38, French, - microtunnelage

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Valve body rating-the maximum pressure which a valve body can withstand. The actual body rating is the maximum safe permissible fluid pressure at a given temperature. The nominal body rating is a specified rating(often cast on the valve body) based on the specified body material and universally accepted construction characteristics determined by specifications issued by authorities having jurisdiction. It provides a convenient method of classifying the valve by pressure for identification purposes.  1, record 39, English, - nominal%20body%20rating

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pression nominale. Pression de fonctionnement d'un composant de tuyauterie ou d'un appareil de robinetterie, correspondant à ses conditions normales d'utilisation.  2, record 39, French, - pression%20nominale%20d%27un%20organe%20d%27obturation

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

GP 2000 Grout Pump. Description: The MBT GP2000 is a spiral (Rotor/Stator) pump used for mixing and pumping of cementitious grouts and the spraying of repair mortars and small volumes of shotcrete. It will deliver approximately 2m’ per hour of any pumpable material with an aggregate size up to 4mm. The stator has an adjustable clamp housing which maintains a constant output pressure and lengthens the service life of the pump parts. Recommended for: placement of grouts for encapsulating cables and rock anchors - particularly in mining applications, spraying of repair mortars, spraying of shotcrete.  4, record 40, English, - grout%20cement%20pump

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In general terms, grouting refers to the injection of a suitable binding admixture into the ground as a means to fill voids, consolidate loose formations, stabilize structures, or as an isolating barrier. It can be classified under three main areas in construction applications. a. Cement grouting : A combination of mixtures such as cement/sand/bentonite is used to fill voids and can consolidate coarse soils, sands, gravels and the like. Usually pumped into a drilled bore hole under low to medium pressure or by the tube-et-manchette method. b. Chemical grouting... c. Fissure/Permeation grouting...  5, record 40, English, - grout%20cement%20pump

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pompe pneumatique ou hydraulique à haute pression destinée à injecter du coulis ou des résines dans des sols, des gaines ou des ouvrages en béton ou en maçonnerie.  2, record 40, French, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20injection

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Structural clay] tile designed for protecting structural members against fire.  2, record 41, English, - fireproofing%20tile

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Structural steel must be insulated in fireproof construction. One method of doing this is to cover it with fireproofing tile. Two types of tile are used for this purpose. Units for fireproofing columns may be selected from furring, partition, or wall-tile shapes... Fireproofing tile for beams and girders are made in special shapes to fit around these members.  3, record 41, English, - fireproofing%20tile

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Corps creux : élément moulé alvéolaire, en brique, béton, etc., employé pour un mur porteur (parpaing, brique creuse), en enrobage d'une ossature métallique, ou entre les poutrelles d'un plancher (hourdis).  2, record 41, French, - corps%20creux%20d%27enrobage

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a slender grooved rod of cast lead used to hold together panes of glass in a window; esp. with lattice work or stained glass.  2, record 42, English, - came

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The lead came method of stained glass construction.  4, record 42, English, - came

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Baguette de plomb rainurée dans laquelle on sertit les morceaux de verre qui composent un vitrail.  1, record 42, French, - verge

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vitrail : (...) Les verres sont alors assemblés définitivement entre des rubans de plomb soudés, de forme appropriée, dont les "ailes" sertissent solidement les pièces.  3, record 42, French, - verge

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Circular knit hosiery: Fabric for hosiery knit in a tubular formation, and shaped by varying the tension at the various parts of the stoking. No seam is necessary, but a mock seam may be introduced ... .  3, record 43, English, - circular%20knit%20hosiery

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Circular Knit-The major knitting method in hosiery construction. Yarn is knitted into hose using a cylindrical tube. Toes are later sewn and a waistband added.  3, record 43, English, - circular%20knit%20hosiery

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le produit sort de la machine sous forme de bas fini, la machine est circulaire et du même diamètre que le bas.  2, record 43, French, - tricot%20chaussant%20circulaire

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A restriction-site independent, single-fragment method for high-efficiency, site-directed mutagenesis.  3, record 44, English, - enzymatic%20inverse%20PCR

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Enzymatic inverse PCR mutagenesis was developed as a sample and reliable method for the construction of large libraries of site-directed mutants. Enzymatic inverse PCR library mutagenesis uses a single PCR fragment and is restriction-site independent. The usefulness of the technique was demonstrated by the design of a ling. The FV fragment of an antibody specific for a metal chelate was expressed in active form in the penplasma of E. coli.  3, record 44, English, - enzymatic%20inverse%20PCR

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inverse PCR pour laquelle des sites de restriction de classe IIS sont introduits dans les deux amorces. Après PCR, les extrémités du vecteur linéarisé produits sont clivés par l'enzyme de classe IIS. Après ligation, le vecteur recircularisé est transformé.  1, record 44, French, - EIPCR

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Method of construction of arch... Erection of staying mast. Casting of stayed segments...  1, record 45, English, - staying%20mast

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Méthode de construction de l'Arc [...] Montage du mât de haubanage. Coulage des voussoirs [...]  1, record 45, French, - m%C3%A2t%20de%20haubanage

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Method of construction in which the rafters rest on top of the ceiling joists.  1, record 46, English, - barefoot%20method

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Barefoot: set up and fastened without a mortise and tenon (as a post or stud in a balloon frame).  2, record 46, English, - barefoot%20method

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Barefoot: Carpentry (of a post or stud) secured to a sill or the like without mortising.  3, record 46, English, - barefoot%20method

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Balloon frame: Timber frame in which the studs run in one piece to the roof plate. The floor joists are nailed to the studs. The development of the balloon frame in America in the 1830s led to a great reduction in the labour content of timber houses, by replacing the complex timber joints (such as mortise and tenon, tongue and fork, dovetailing) by simple nailed joints. It became possible only after suitable nails were mass produced.  4, record 46, English, - barefoot%20method

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Assemblages à tenon et mortaise. Ce sont des assemblages «pénétrants». L'une des pièces comporte, à son extrémité, une partie amincie appelée tenon, taillée en forme de parallélépipède, qui s'insère dans une entaille appelée mortaise, pratiquée dans l'autre pièce et épousant la forme dudit tenon.  2, record 46, French, - assemblage%20non%20p%C3%A9n%C3%A9trant

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

«Balloon framing» / charpente à claire-voie : Type de construction où les poteaux sont prolongés d'une seule pièce depuis la fondation jusqu'à la ligne du toit; en plus d'être appuyées sur une lisse, les solives du second étage sont clouées à la face des poteaux.  3, record 46, French, - assemblage%20non%20p%C3%A9n%C3%A9trant

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Calculations for cut and fill are often worked out by means of the... cross-section method. A frequently employed method of calculation for roadway and other construction work. An average series of cross-section earth volumes is interpreted to produce final cut or fill requirements.  1, record 47, English, - cross%2Dsection%20method

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cubature des déblais. (...) Calcul sur le terrain. (...) Fouilles non mesurables : C'est le cas des fouilles de reprise ou de nivellement d'un monticule qui n'est plus mesurable en fin de travaux. Les bureaux d'étude se basent, selon les cas, sur : A) La méthode des profils, si le terrain est suffisamment long : le volume total correspond à la somme des volumes de chaque tranche. C'est la plus couramment utilisée en entreprise de jardins.  2, record 47, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20des%20profils

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Quand on a affaire à une surface ayant une dimension prépondérante (longueur ou largeur), on utilise la méthode plus rapide dite "des profils". On dresse les profils (...) parallèlement entre eux et équidistants (par exemple de 10 m en 10 m), et on détermine sur chacun d'eux la cote des points principaux, ces points n'étant pas forcément sur la même verticale, avant et après terrassement.  3, record 47, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20des%20profils

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fabric Properties of Importance in Construction Use... Test for Hydraulic Properties... Air permeability. ASTM method D 737 defines air permeability as "the rate of air flow through a material under a differential pressure between the two fabric surfaces. "  1, record 48, English, - air%20permeability%20test

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe de l'essai de perméabilité sur géotextile.  2, record 48, French, - essai%20de%20perm%C3%A9abilit%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27air

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Perméabilité des géotextiles et perméamètres (...) Nous avons notamment comparé les résultats obtenus avec deux fluides (air et eau) (...)  2, record 48, French, - essai%20de%20perm%C3%A9abilit%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27air

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Comme exemple de méthode d'essais de contrôle de production, on citera: la masse surfacique, l'épaisseur, la résistance en traction des nappes, des fibres, la perméabilité à l'air.  3, record 48, French, - essai%20de%20perm%C3%A9abilit%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27air

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Non-woven fabrics are generally used in conjunction with an asphalt overlay. The construction method involves... rolling out the fabric and smoothing with pushbrooms to eliminate all wrinkles...  1, record 49, English, - roll%20out

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les géotextiles non tissés sont généralement utilisés conjointement avec un revêtement bitumineux. La méthode de construction prévoit (...) le déroulement du géotextile et l'aplanissement à l'aide de guipons pour éliminer tous les plis (...)  1, record 49, French, - d%C3%A9rouler

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The toolmaker's surface plate square provides a convenient method of checking work for squareness on a surface plate. Since it is of one-piece construction, there is little chance of any inaccuracy developing as is the case with a blade and beam square.  2, record 50, English, - toolmaker%27s%20surface%20plate%20square

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Both overhead-traveling and gantry cranes are called bridge cranes. These cranes span a rather large area and differ among themselves primarily only in the construction of the bridge portion of the crane, and in the method of suspension of the bridge.  3, record 51, English, - bridge%20crane

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 CONT

for "nonrevolving crane" : ... nonrevolving crane ... Representative of this class is the overhead traveler.  2, record 51, English, - bridge%20crane

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

for "nonrevolving crane" : Crane ... The horizontal movement may be accomplished in two ways, viz., the rectilinear motion of a traveling crane mounted on parallel rails, or the rotary motion of a pivoted swinging crane.  4, record 51, English, - bridge%20crane

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ponts à palans. [...] On distingue 4 familles d'appareils. Ponts roulants posés [...] Ponts roulants suspendus [...] Ponts portiques [...] Ponts semi-portiques [...] Cette classification se réfère [...] aux critères liés au cadre où évoluent les appareils.  3, record 51, French, - pont%20de%20levage

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 2 OBS

«grue portique» : L'emploi de ce terme, heureusement rare, nous paraît impropre, car en français le terme «grue» ne s'applique qu'à des engins de levage pourvus d'une flèche. Il présente en outre un danger de confusion avec le terme «grue sur portique» (en anglais, «portal crane»).  1, record 51, French, - pont%20de%20levage

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To establish an aircraft's theoretical depth of reference construction on a range of subgrade support values equating to the ICAO ACN/PCN reporting method, the model is analysed by Westergaard centre case theory.  1, record 52, English, - Westergaard%20centre%20case%20theory

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The method of the tracé parallèle, that is, drawing a line which is an exact image of the coastline, assumed by the Court to be the normal method of applying the low-water mark rule, did not apply to the type of coast in question, since in this case the baseline could only be determined by means of a geometric construction.  1, record 53, English, - low%2Dwater%20mark%20rule

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Règle selon laquelle la laisse de basse mer sert de point de départ pour le calcul de l'étendue de la mer territoriale.  1, record 53, French, - r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20laisse%20de%20basse%20mer

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A course on stained glass window. Workshops on fusing glass and lead came method of construction.  1, record 54, English, - glass%20fusing

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a lime whose chemical and physical characteristics and method of processing make it suitable for the ordinary or special construction uses of the product.  1, record 55, English, - building%20lime

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chaux de construction sont maintenant beaucoup moins employées que les ciments.  1, record 55, French, - chaux%20de%20construction

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because of its powerful recirculating effect, the gas mixing method allows the construction of digesters with a gradually sloping floor; as a result these are cheaper. The cover often takes the form of a fixed roof. Floating covers can also be used, but they are fairly costly to install and maintain.  1, record 56, English, - fixed%20roof