TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of confirming [the auditor's] understanding of the process flow and design of controls by tracing individual transactions, both recurring and unusual, from initiation through recording and processing by the entity's information system until they are reported in the entity's financial statements.  3, record 1, English, - walkthrough%20test

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The internal auditor must conduct a walkthrough test after documenting the auditee’s processes. This involves following one or two transactions or activities step-by-step through the process from beginning to end. ... The auditor’s primary objective when performing a walkthrough is to develop an understanding of the transaction flow ...  1, record 1, English, - walkthrough%20test

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode permettant à l'auditeur de confirmer sa compréhension de l'enchaînement des processus et de la conception des contrôles[, qui] consiste à suivre à la trace les opérations individuelles, récurrentes et inhabituelles du déclenchement des opérations à leur enregistrement, à leur traitement par le système informatique de l'entité et, enfin, à leur communication dans les états financiers de l'entité.  2, record 1, French, - test%20de%20cheminement

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Canada's current method of fire danger assessment is known as the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System(CFFDRS), which took shape in the late 1960s when the Canadian Forest Service(CFS) envisioned a modular design for a national fire danger rating system. The CFFDRS currently comprises two major subsystems, namely the Fire Weather Index(FWI) System and the Fire Behaviour Prediction(FBP) System.  3, record 2, English, - Canadian%20Forest%20Fire%20Danger%20Rating%20System

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La Méthode canadienne d'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt (MCEDIF) est le système national canadien d'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt. Le système renferme l'affichage de données météorologiques, à la fois existantes et à venir, servant à l'évaluation des dangers d'incendie de forêt, la description de la fréquence des incendies ainsi que la prévision des caractéristiques du comportement du feu.  2, record 2, French, - M%C3%A9thode%20canadienne%20d%27%C3%A9valuation%20des%20dangers%20d%27incendie%20de%20for%C3%AAt

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Drilling and Blasting for Slope Stabilization and Geotechnical Investigations. Trim blasting is used for controlled blasts in which explosive charges are placed in predetermined pattern of holes drilled into the rock face and then detonated. Potentially unstable masses of rock can sometimes be stabilized using rock bolts and long steel rods drilled into the rock to bind it together. Drilling is a common method of investigation to obtain geotechnical reports required for engineering design.  1, record 3, English, - trim%20blasting

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Forage et dynamitage pour la consolidation des talus et études géotechniques. Le dynamitage de découpage est utilisé pour le dynamitage contrôlé dans lequel les charges explosives sont placées dans une combinaison prédéterminée de trous percés dans la paroi rocheuse avant la détonation. Les masses rocheuses potentiellement instables peuvent parfois être stabilisées au moyen de boulons d'ancrage et de longues tiges d'acier enfoncées dans les roches pour les lier ensemble. Le forage est une méthode commune d'exploration pour obtenir les rapports géotechniques requis aux fins de la conception technique.  1, record 3, French, - dynamitage%20de%20d%C3%A9coupage

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The visual assessment of tooth colour by the comparison and matching of the tooth with a tooth colour shade guide under the same lighting conditions is the most frequently applied method in dentistry... Tooth shade guides come in many types and forms, but essentially the basic design involves a series of standard tooth colours, often tooth shaped, and can be arranged according to chroma and/or value.  1, record 4, English, - tooth%20colour%20shade%20guide

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This report examines the methods used to estimate flood risk for dam design, and applies a method to incorporate projected climate change impacts to flood risk.  1, record 5, English, - Probable%20Maximum%20Floods%20and%20Dam%20Safety%20in%20the%2021st%20Century%20Climate

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le rapport porte sur les méthodes utilisées afin d'évaluer le risque de crue pour la conception des barrages.  1, record 5, French, - Crues%20maximales%20probables%20et%20s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9%20des%20barrages%20dans%20le%20climat%20du%2021e%20si%C3%A8cle

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Various methods may be used to transfer the electronic circuit design to the copper material. The most common are direct layout and photographic transfer. The photographic method produces a more professional looking board but requires the use of a developer similar to that used in photography.  2, record 6, English, - photographic%20transfer

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En vue du report photographique des graphismes matérialisant le circuit désiré (pistes et pastilles), le cuivre est lui-même recouvert d'une couche de résine photosensible, c'est-à-dire sensible aux photons, qui sont la lumière.  2, record 6, French, - report%20photographique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fotomáscaras para la transferencia fotográfica de trazados de diagramas de circuito a obleas semiconductoras.  1, record 6, Spanish, - transferencia%20fotogr%C3%A1fica

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The engineering approach is essentially the engineering design process. The scientific method is similar but is hypothesis driven vs. design driven. In the scientific method a hypothesis is generated as a potential answer to an important question. An experiment is tested to prove or disprove the hypotheses.... the design process is similar, but different in some important ways. Instead of a question there is a problem or need. Instead of a hypothesis there is a design constraint(s) of what the solution has to be able to do.  2, record 7, English, - engineering%20design%20process

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hallway testing is a quick and cheap method of usability testing in which randomly-selected people—e. g., those passing by in the hallway—are asked to try using [a] product or service. This can help designers identify brick walls, problems so serious that users simply cannot advance, in the early stages of a new design.  3, record 8, English, - hallway%20testing

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The APXS in-situ method of determining the chemistry with X-ray spectroscopy proved to be very significant and reliable over the 5-year MER [Mars Exploration Rover] mission.... Method and design changes vs MER : The APXS uses 244Cm [Curium-244] sources to irradiate a sample with alpha particles and X-rays. It determines the abundance of the elements Na [Sodium] to Br [Bromine] and beyond with X-ray spectroscopy.  5, record 9, English, - alpha%20particle%20X%2Dray%20spectrometer

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

alpha proton x-ray spectrometer: An earlier version of the alpha particle X-ray spectrometer used for the 1996 NASA mission to Mars.  6, record 9, English, - alpha%20particle%20X%2Dray%20spectrometer

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

APXS (alpha particle X-ray spectrometer) - Il s’agit d’un spectromètre à rayons X. Il permet de mesurer la proportion des éléments chimiques lourds (sodium, magnésium, aluminium, brome, nickel…) dans les roches étudiées. APXS utilise un corps radioactif, le Curium 244, comme source de rayonnement alpha et X.  8, record 9, French, - spectrom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20particules%20alpha%20et%20%C3%A0%20rayons%20X

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

APSX : Ce sigle, qui vient de l'anglais «alpha particle X-ray spectrometer», est utilisé pour désigner cet instrument.  9, record 9, French, - spectrom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20particules%20alpha%20et%20%C3%A0%20rayons%20X

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

spectromètre d'analyse à particules alpha et à rayons X; spectromètre d'analyse de particules alpha et de rayonnement X : Le mot «analyse» est superflu; la construction idiomatique attestée est «spectromètre à rayons».  9, record 9, French, - spectrom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20particules%20alpha%20et%20%C3%A0%20rayons%20X

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

spectromètre alpha-protons-rayons X; spectromètre dans le rayonnement X des protons alpha : Ces termes désignent des versions antérieures du spectromètre APXS.  9, record 9, French, - spectrom%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20particules%20alpha%20et%20%C3%A0%20rayons%20X

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Knowledge-Based Engineering, sometimes referred to as KBE, is an engineering method in which knowledge about the product, e. g., the techniques used to design, analyze, and manufacture a product, is stored in a special ’product model'... the product model is called a Generative Model.  3, record 10, English, - knowledge%2Dbased%20engineering

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À partir des modèles aérodynamiques, il a aussi été possible - en mettant en œuvre le concept de l'ingénierie cognitive (KBE) [...] d'étudier la répartition des masses dans les ailes, via l'optimisation de l'implantation des réservoir carburant, d'étudier au plus juste, et par itération, le dimensionnement des éléments structuraux pour réduire là encore la masse tout en étant capable, à partir des suites logicielles intégrées dans Design City, de définir une géométrie optimale à partir de laquelle il est possible d'extraire les dessins de détail des pièces.  1, record 10, French, - ing%C3%A9nierie%20cognitive

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... past and present processes of facility siting have adhered to a fairly straightforward method of site selection that involves "a progressive narrowing of scope from a very broad geographic area and range of factors to a short list of discrete sites and highly specific evaluation criteria. "This process uses a logical sequence of activities comprising six stages... : goal identification... project characterization... selection of site evaluation criteria... area and site screening... site assessment and selection... detailed design...  1, record 11, English, - site%20selection

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Current approaches to facility siting. ... This process uses a logical sequence of activities comprising ... site assessment and selection: requires a thorough comparative analysis of candidate sites so that these can be ranked and an overall "best" option selected.  1, record 11, English, - site%20selection

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

siting: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 11, English, - site%20selection

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sélection du site candidat. À l'issue de la phase de confirmation, l'ANDRA établira pour chaque site un dossier regroupant les résultats des études et des reconnaissances ainsi que de premières évaluations montrant la sûreté et la faisabilité du projet. Le dossier comportera, en outre, un programme de qualification ayant pour objectif la validation du site, un avant-projet sommaire de laboratoire souterrain et de concept de stockage.  4, record 11, French, - s%C3%A9lection%20d%27un%20site

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

choix du site d'implantation : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’énergie nucléaire» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  5, record 11, French, - s%C3%A9lection%20d%27un%20site

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of applying a design to dyed fabric by printing a colour-destroying agent, such as chlorine or hydrosulfite, to bleach out a white or light pattern on the darker coloured ground.  4, record 12, English, - discharge%20printing

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé d'impression ayant pour objet de détruire localement la teinture appliquée à un article textile.  7, record 12, French, - rongeage

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rongeage; enlevage : termes et définition normalisés par l’AFNOR; définition reproduite avec son autorisation.  8, record 12, French, - rongeage

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Throughout the world, the basic oxygen furnace(BOF) produces more steel than any other process, and it is the primary steel production method in the United States. While the basic oxygen furnace is an improvement over the earlier open hearth and Bessemer processes, the vessel for converting pig iron into steel in a basic oxygen furnace is similar in design to its predecessor, the Bessemer converter. There is no heat source associated with the converter; it relies on the exothermic reaction between iron and oxygen. Therefore, a basic oxygen converter is not a furnace. However, there are some vessels that may use an additional hydrocarbon heat source.  2, record 13, English, - basic%20oxygen%20furnace

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

basic oxygen furnace: term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Report.  5, record 13, English, - basic%20oxygen%20furnace

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'aciérie de Port Kembla qui utilise un convertisseur à oxygène transforme la ferraille et le fer liquide en acier brut, en utilisant de l'oxygène et des flux pour former le laitier. Après avoir prélevé des échantillons pour vérifier la température et la composition chimique, l'acier est coulé dans une poche de coulée réfractaire, et des alliages sont ajoutés pour produire la qualité d'acier requise.  2, record 13, French, - convertisseur%20basique%20%C3%A0%20oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

convertisseur basique à oxygène : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques.  3, record 13, French, - convertisseur%20basique%20%C3%A0%20oxyg%C3%A8ne

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] method to help illustrate [a] design hierarchy and signal interconnect [for field programmable gate arrays(FPGA) ].  1, record 14, English, - schematic%20design

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Méthode] de conception avec les [matrices prédiffusées programmables par l'utilisateur (FPGA) qui] consiste à dessiner au niveau logique (portes, connexions) le circuit que l'on veut mettre en œuvre.  1, record 14, French, - conception%20sch%C3%A9matique

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of engraving in which the design is bitten into the plate with acid.  2, record 15, English, - etching

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The plate is first covered with an acid-resistant resinous substance. The artist then takes a finely pointed needle and draws the design out of this resinous ground. The drawing instrument does not cut into the metal surface. The image which will print is represented by the areas in which the copper of the plate has been exposed. The plate is then immersed in an acid bath. The acid eats into the plate only in those areas not protected by the ground. The length of time the plate remains in the acid bath determines the depth of the etched lines.  3, record 15, English, - etching

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procédé de gravure par lequel l'image est creusée sur une plaque de métal par l'action corrosive de l'acide [...]  2, record 15, French, - eau%2Dforte

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'artiste recouvre d'abord la planche d'un vernis dur que les acides n'attaqueront pas. Le graveur prend ensuite une pointe d'acier fine et dessine son motif sur ce vernis, mais sans que sa pointe n'entame la surface du métal. L'image à imprimer correspond aux parties du cuivre ainsi mises à nu. La planche gravée est ensuite plongée dans un bain d'acide qui attaque les parties du métal qui ne sont pas protégées - c'est la morsure. Le temps plus ou moins long que la planche passe dans l'acide détermine la profondeur des traits.  3, record 15, French, - eau%2Dforte

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

L'eau-forte est l'un des plus importants procédés de la gravure en creux.  4, record 15, French, - eau%2Dforte

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Procedimiento de grabado en hueco que sólo se emplea [...] para ediciones de arte.  1, record 15, Spanish, - aguafuerte

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En una plancha metálica cubierta con una capa de sustancia resistente a los ácidos, se traza el dibujo con un punzón que elimina dicha sustancia y pone el metal al descubierto. Expuesta entonces la plancha a la acción del agua fuerte [...], el metal será atacado y mostrará en hueco los detalles del dibujo.  1, record 15, Spanish, - aguafuerte

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An indication of the ease with which the liquid can be separated from the solids by filtration.  2, record 16, English, - filterability

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where sludge samples are available prior to design and installation, it is advantageous to test sludge filterability in the laboratory. The Buchner funnel method consists of pouring a chemically conditioned sludge sample into a filter-paper-lined funnel and dewatering under vacuum. With this procedure, it is possible to predict suitability of a sludge for filtration and applicability of certain chemicals...  3, record 16, English, - filterability

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Relating to sludge processing.  2, record 16, English, - filterability

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

filterability; filtrability: terms and definition standardized by ISO.  4, record 16, English, - filterability

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Indication de la facilité avec laquelle le liquide peut être séparé des solides par filtration.  2, record 16, French, - filtrabilit%C3%A9

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Rapporte au traitement des boues.  2, record 16, French, - filtrabilit%C3%A9

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

filtrabilité : terme et définition normalisés par ISO.  3, record 16, French, - filtrabilit%C3%A9

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Indicación de la facilidad con la que el líquido se puede separar de los sólidos por filtración.  1, record 16, Spanish, - filtrabilidad

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Relacionado al] procesamiento del lodo.  1, record 16, Spanish, - filtrabilidad

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Three sludge characteristics important in land application design are water content, degree of stabilization, and pH. Sludge water content is a major factor in determining sludge transportation costs and method of application.  1, record 17, English, - sludge%20water%20content

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le procédé de séchage biologique permet d'abaisser la teneur en eau des boues de 70 à 90 %. Le processus utilisé s'apparente au compostage, mais la méthode et l'objectif du traitement sont différents. En effet, pour le procédé de séchage biologique, les mélanges de boues et d'absorbants sont optimisés afin de réduire la proportion d'absorbants par rapport à celle des boues et de favoriser le processus d'évaporation.  1, record 17, French, - teneur%20en%20eau%20des%20boues

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Strategic and business planning consulting services include, but are not limited to : development of a business case for a client department project; development of a planning framework, method and design for a contract; assistance for client departments in an advisory capacity on any element of their business case or plan development at any stage.  4, record 18, English, - business%20planning

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Departmental business planning, integrated business planning.  5, record 18, English, - business%20planning

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Business planning cycle.  5, record 18, English, - business%20planning

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les services d'expertise-conseil en planification stratégique et opérationnelle comprennent, sans toutefois s'y limiter : l'élaboration des analyses de rentabilisation pour les projets des ministères clients; la préparation d'un cadre de planification, d'une méthode et des études pour un contrat; la prestation de conseils aux ministères clients sur tous les aspects de leur analyse de rentabilisation ou de l'élaboration de leur plan à toutes les étapes.  3, record 18, French, - planification%20op%C3%A9rationnelle

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Planification opérationnelle intégrée, planification opérationnelle ministérielle.  4, record 18, French, - planification%20op%C3%A9rationnelle

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Cycle de planification opérationnelle.  4, record 18, French, - planification%20op%C3%A9rationnelle

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A rational design approach including the following two steps is necessary for proper geotextile design : 1. Identify the mechanisms through which the geotextile is expected to perform in the considered application, and identify geotextile properties governing these mechanisms(selection of appropriate test methods to evaluate these properties would be an important part of this step;...). 2. Determine the required values of the geotextile properties by using a method of design.  3, record 19, English, - design

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Design of geotextiles associated with geomembranes.  4, record 19, English, - design

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il peut paraître surprenant que l'on parle de dimensionnement d'un géotextile alors que, jusqu'à présent, ce sont la plupart du temps l'expérience et le conseil plus ou moins bien avisé du fournisseur [...] qui ont prévalu. [...] on dispose actuellement de bases permettant, selon le problème posé, un dimensionnement ou une approche de ce dernier. Un géotextile est la plupart du temps incorporé à un sol. Il forme avec lui ce que l'on pourrait dénommer une géostructure. Son dimensionnement est donc étroitement lié aux propriétés géotechniques et hydrogéologiques des sols. Dans ce but, des connaissances géotechniques fondamentales sont donc indispensables. On ne sait pas actuellement dimensionner un géotextile dans tous les cas d'application.  2, record 19, French, - dimensionnement

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La complexité et la diversité des problèmes rencontrés dans la construction d'ouvrages de génie civil ne permettent pas de répondre de manière simple et souvent précise au problème du dimensionnement. L'impératif majeur est d'obtenir au moindre coût un facteur de sécurité supérieur à 1 non seulement à court terme, mais également à très long terme (30 à 50 ans). Diverses démarches sont possibles pour atteindre cet objectif selon que l'on retient une approche : de théoricien appliquant des modèles de calcul; de Maître d'ouvrage (mandant), appliquant de manière stricte des normes officielles; de Maître d'œuvre (exécutant), appliquant des recommandations d'emploi.  3, record 19, French, - dimensionnement

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Dimensionnement des géotextiles associés à des géomembranes.  4, record 19, French, - dimensionnement

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dimensionnement : Action de dimensionner [...] Dimensionner : Déterminer les dimensions ou, plus généralement, les caractéristiques fonctionnelles qu'il convient de donner à un élément mécanique, hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique pour qu'il joue convenablement le rôle qui lui revient dans l'ensemble dont il fait partie.  5, record 19, French, - dimensionnement

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A rational design approach including the following two steps is necessary for proper geotextile design : 1. Identify the mechanisms through which the geotextile is expected to perform in the considered application, and identify geotextile properties governing these mechanisms(selection of appropriate test methods to evaluate these properties would be an important part of this step;...). 2. Determine the required values of the geotextile properties by using a method of design.  1, record 20, English, - method%20of%20design

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Limite des méthodes de dimensionnement. La complexité et la diversité des problèmes rencontrés dans la construction d'ouvrages de génie civil ne permettent pas de répondre de manière simple et souvent précise au problème du dimensionnement. L'impératif majeur est d'obtenir au moindre coût un facteur de sécurité supérieur à 1 non seulement à court terme, mais également à très long terme (30 à 50 ans). Diverses démarches sont possibles pour atteindre cet objectif selon que l'on retient une approche: de théoricien appliquant des modèles de calcul; de Maître d'ouvrage (mandant), appliquant de manière stricte des normes officielles; de Maître d'œuvre (exécutant), appliquant des recommandations d'emploi.  2, record 20, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20dimensionnement

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dimensionnement : Action de dimensionner [...] Dimensionner : Déterminer les dimensions ou, plus généralement, les caractéristiques fonctionnelles qu'il convient de donner à un élément mécanique, hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique pour qu'il joue convenablement le rôle qui lui revient dans l'ensemble dont il fait partie.  3, record 20, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20dimensionnement

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This design consists in dredging only the bottom of the ditch and preserving the higher two-thirds of the vegetation on the sides. This is less expensive and more effective than the traditional method which consists in removing all the vegetation.  1, record 21, English, - lower%20third%20method

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

A standard of the provincial road network since 2002 ...  1, record 21, English, - lower%20third%20method

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette méthode consiste à draguer seulement le fond du fossé et à préserver les deux tiers supérieurs de végétation, et ce, sur chaque côté. Ce procédé est moins dispendieux et plus efficace que la méthode traditionnelle qui consiste à enlever toute la végétation.  2, record 21, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20tiers%20inf%C3%A9rieur

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Norme du réseau routier provincial depuis 2002 [...]  2, record 21, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20tiers%20inf%C3%A9rieur

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The method or methods used to prevent the wind machine from exceeding the design maximum rpm [revolutions per minute].  2, record 22, English, - overspeed%20control

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Distinctions for control are made on the basis of input signal (e.g. centrifugal forces, tachometer), the method of converting that signal to a response (e.g. mechanical, electrical, electromechanical, hydraulic, or other), and the type of response (e.g. blade feather, tail fold, change in orientation).  2, record 22, English, - overspeed%20control

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode permettant de contrôler la vitesse du rotor lors des périodes de grands vents ou advenant une perte de la charge.  4, record 22, French, - commande%20de%20survitesse

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El control de exceso de velocidad avanzado también ofrece diferentes niveles de control de carga de acuerdo con la velocidad del viento, lo que aumenta enormemente la fiabilidad de las turbinas.  2, record 22, Spanish, - control%20de%20exceso%20de%20velocidad

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Spamdexing is used to decrease the quality of a search engine's results to attempt to gain more traffic. One method of spamdexing is to design a page to rank well for a particular keyword when that keyword has nothing to do with the site's content.  1, record 23, English, - spamdexing

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de méthodes abusives et malhonnêtes visant à améliorer le classement d'un site Internet dans les résultats des moteurs de recherche.  2, record 23, French, - r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rencement%20abusif

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cualquier procedimiento que provoca artificialmente que un sitio web aparezca en una posición destacada, o repetidas veces, cuando el consultante de un buscador pregunta por determinadas palabras clave.  1, record 23, Spanish, - spamdexing

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Closed shop-A method of running a computing facility such that the design, development, writing, testing, and running of programs is carried out by specialist computing staff and not by the originators of the problem. Closed shop operation is the operation of a computing system, excluding terminals, by specialist computer operators and not by other computing staff or computer users.  2, record 24, English, - closed%20shop%20operation

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mode de fonctionnement d'un centre de calcul, dans lequel l'ordinateur n'est accessible qu'au personnel d'exploitation et où les programmeurs ne sont pas admis dans la salle des machines pour mettre au point leurs programmes ou en surveiller l'exploitation.  2, record 24, French, - exploitation%20en%20salle%20ferm%C3%A9e

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An instructional design method in which a teacher sets the end goals before choosing the learning activities and the content to teach.  3, record 25, English, - backward%20design

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Méthode de planification pédagogique qui] consiste à prendre pour point de départ l’apprentissage final visé.  2, record 25, French, - planification%20%C3%A0%20rebours

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La planification à rebours commence, premièrement, par la transformation du programme [d'enseignement] officiel en manifestations, comportements et actions observables, qui seront évalués ultérieurement en fonction de critères de performance précis [...] Ensuite, l'enseignement est planifié de façon à répondre à la question suivante : comment procéder pour permettre aux élèves d'apprendre ce qui doit être maîtrisé?  3, record 25, French, - planification%20%C3%A0%20rebours

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method in landscape design where shorter plants are positioned in front of trees, tall shrubs or structures.  2, record 26, English, - face%20planting

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Plantation adossée, longeant un chemin de dalles (dans un petit jardin).  1, record 26, French, - plantation%20adoss%C3%A9e

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of evaluation by monitoring an activity's potential procedural barriers and remaining alert to unanticipated ones; its objective is to identify or predict defects in the procedural design or its implementation and to maintain a record of procedural events and activities; in relation to the decision-making process, employed for implementing and refining the program design and procedure, that is, for effecting process control.  2, record 27, English, - process%20evaluation

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of printing to obtain a raised design on a sheer ground.  1, record 28, English, - burn%2Dout%20printing

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The design is applied with a special chemical onto a fabric woven of pairs of threads of different fibers. One of the fibers is then destroyed locally by chemical action. Burn-out printing is often used on velvet.  1, record 28, English, - burn%2Dout%20printing

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode d'impression permettant d'obtenir un dessin en relief sur un fond diaphane.  4, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9vorage

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le dessin est appliqué à l'aide d'un produit chimique spécial sur un tissu réalisé avec deux paires de fils. L'impression par dévorage est souvent utilisée sur le velours.  4, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9vorage

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dévorage : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  5, record 28, French, - d%C3%A9vorage

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A machine used for the sealing of packages by heat and pressure.  3, record 29, English, - heat%20sealer

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although heat sealers differ in design, operation method and source of heat, their essential functions are similar. They all provide heat, pressure and time in sufficient amounts to bond firmly two heat-sealable surfaces.  1, record 29, English, - heat%20sealer

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It should be noted that the French equivalents “thermoscelleuse”, “scelleuse” and “machine à sceller à chaud” apply only to machines that use coating materials for sealing.  3, record 29, English, - heat%20sealer

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Machine réalisant l'assemblage par ramollissement à chaud de matériaux scellables grâce à une couche de scellage. C'est le cas notamment des pellicules cellulosiques imprégnées.  2, record 29, French, - thermoscelleuse

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette notion s'oppose à celle de thermosoudage ou de soudage, qui se rapporte à des matériaux tels que le polyéthylène, collables sans apport d'enduit.  2, record 29, French, - thermoscelleuse

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A design or drafting method or technique whereby an operator interacts with a computer system to carry out a function.  6, record 30, English, - computer%2Daided%20design

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A plastic sole ... can be molded or sintered into different shapes and sizes and - with the help of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) - can be tailored for particular conditions.  7, record 30, English, - computer%2Daided%20design

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

computer-aided design; CAD: term and abbreviation standardized by ISO/IEC [International Electrotechnical Commission] and CSA International.  8, record 30, English, - computer%2Daided%20design

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des techniques qui se préoccupent de la création des données qui décrivent l'objet à concevoir, de la manipulation de ces données, en mode conversationnel, afin d'aboutir à une forme achevée de conception, et de la génération des informations nécessaires à la fabrication de cet objet, à partir des données de la conception, mémorisées dans l'ordinateur, que cette fabrication soit elle-même assistée ou non.  4, record 30, French, - conception%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CAD : acronyme spécifique à Radarsat accepté par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie spatiale [CUTS]; conception assistée par ordinateur; CAO : terme et abréviation normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [Commission électrotechnique internationale] et la CSA International.  5, record 30, French, - conception%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Implantation, intégration, introduction de la CAO.  6, record 30, French, - conception%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Implanter la CAO.  6, record 30, French, - conception%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20ordinateur

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 3 PHR

Logiciel, matériel, moduleur, outil de CAO.  6, record 30, French, - conception%20assist%C3%A9e%20par%20ordinateur

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Uso de las computadoras (ordenadores) y de los programas diseñados con la ayuda de la computadora como el medio apropiado para el desarrollo de una amplia gama de artefactos industriales, que van desde partes para maquinarias hasta casas modernas.  3, record 30, Spanish, - dise%C3%B1o%20ayudado%20por%20computadora

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The absorption coefficient of a material is ideally the fraction of the randomly incident sound power which is absorbed, or otherwise not reflected. It can be determined in two main ways, and there are often variations in the results depending upon the method of measurement chosen. It is standard practice to measure the coefficient at the preferred octave frequencies over the range of at least 125 Hz-4 kHz. For the purposes of architectural design, the Sabine coefficient(calculated from reverberation chamber measurement) is preferred. Interestingly, some absorbent materials are found to have a Sabine coefficient in excess of unity at higher frequencies. This is due to edge effects and, when this occurs, the value can be taken as 1. 0.  4, record 31, English, - Sabine%20absorption%20coefficient

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Reverberation Time. This formula was developed by W.C. Sabin in the late 19th century. The Sabin unit is a measurement of absorption in the range 0 to 1, an absorption coefficient of 0 indicates a material that reflects sound totally, and a coefficient of 1, a material that adsorbs sound totally.  3, record 31, English, - Sabine%20absorption%20coefficient

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The name "Sabin" (written without an "e") is probably misspelled.  5, record 31, English, - Sabine%20absorption%20coefficient

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rapport de l'aire d'absorption attribuée à une surface en utilisant la formule de Sabine à l'aire de cette surface. [Terme et définition normalisés par l'AFNOR et reproduits avec son autorisation.]  4, record 31, French, - facteur%20de%20Sabine

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'absorption à une fréquence déterminée est définie par le facteur ou coefficient d'absorption qui est le rapport de l'énergie sonore absorbée par une surface S du matériau à l'énergie qui vient la frapper. Il ne faut pas confondre ce coefficient d'absorption avec le coefficient de Sabine obtenu par des mesures d'absorption faites en salles réverbérantes.  5, record 31, French, - facteur%20de%20Sabine

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme «coefficient de Sabine» est déconseillé.  4, record 31, French, - facteur%20de%20Sabine

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Of the various modes of broadcasting which are possible, it appears that telecasting has the greatest potential. Because of the nature of the signals, it is also the most difficult. In space telecasting two lines of approach are open. One method is to design a system around the special capabilities and limitations imposed by space satellite operation and technique. The second method is to adjust the space system until it meets the requirements of conventional terrestrial telecasting.  2, record 32, English, - space%20telecasting

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A drawing which is produced on a transparent medium and thus can be copied together with other drawings related to the same subject and at the same scale. [Definition standardized by ISO.]  3, record 33, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Teamwork in design is therefore maintained by a to and from relation between the individual and the common. The method of overlay diagramming or drafting has been developed for sometime in design practice. Woods and Poowell have documented the method and recommended it as a standard team practice... In general, we can point out that the overlay method is used to enable collaborative design practice in the following aspects : overlay diagram construction : A participant can construct diagrams on top of extracted common images which may contain parts of diagrams drawn by other designers...  2, record 33, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

overlay drawing: term standardized by ISO.  4, record 33, English, - overlay%20drawing

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dessin produit sur un support transparent et pouvant donc être copié en même temps que d'autres dessins relatifs au même sujet et exécutés à la même échelle. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  1, record 33, French, - dessin%20superpos%C3%A9

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dessin superposé : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  3, record 33, French, - dessin%20superpos%C3%A9

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the megastructure to which the contract related was design-built. This meant that tenders were called for, contracts were entered into with the Owner and work was commenced before all of the details of the structure or of the work involved in the various phases of construction was decided upon, such details being conceived, planned and established from the general design as the work progressed. It was established that this method of construction was fairly common nowadays for large construction projects and that the main reason for this method of construction being adopted is to enable an owner to get on with the project much sooner and save many months and sometimes years of detailed planning and designing otherwise required for very large projects before tenders could be called for.  1, record 34, English, - design%2Dbuilt

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit de mégaprojets dont la conception et la construction sont placés sous une seule et même responsabilité.  1, record 34, French, - r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20selon%20la%20m%C3%A9thode%20de%20conception%2Dconstruction

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Équivalents proposés par le Service de traduction, Groupe SNC.  1, record 34, French, - r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9%20selon%20la%20m%C3%A9thode%20de%20conception%2Dconstruction

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... RACE, an innovative, chic, and highly flexible method of organizing individual work areas [designed by Montréal designer David Ball]. RACE consists of components that are designed to be easily adjustable. Space dividers, desktops and filing space are all supported by a horizontal beam with a so-called raceway, a hollow core containing electrical wiring and data communications cables. The beam rests on metal posts at desk-top level, providing easy access to electrical outlets and allowing air to flow freely around and under the work area. Padded acoustic panels can be snapped onto vertical bars that rise above the desktop, providing privacy. Unlike similar systems, each piece can be moved separately and the raceway, for which the design is named, is flexible enough to accommodate rapidly changing communications systems. First developed in 1978, RACE has been fine-tuned over the years.... Its manufacturer and distributor, Haworth Inc. of Holland, Mich., acquired the manufacturing rights to RACE in 1990....  2, record 35, English, - Race%20system

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of quilting in which linear designs are raised from the background with a cord or yarn filler.  1, record 36, English, - trapunto

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This kind of quilting is often combined with padded quilting to accentuate both the lines and shapes of the design. There are two ways to achieve the raised look. The first... is to stitch the quilt design, in parallel lines, through two layers of fabric. The resulting tunnels are then threaded with yarn or other rope-like filler. The second method involves only one layer of fabric. The cord is laid under the fabric and stitched in place at the same time.  1, record 36, English, - trapunto

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Méthode de quilting qui] consiste à soulever certains éléments linéaires du motif au moyen de cordonnets.  1, record 36, French, - trapunto

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mathematical method used to represent solid-appearing objects in a computer-aided design system.  2, record 37, English, - surfacing

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Surface modeling is a more complex method for representing objects than wire-frame modeling, but not as complex as solid modeling.  2, record 37, English, - surfacing

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

surface modeling; surfacing: terms and definition standardized by CSA.  4, record 37, English, - surfacing

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode mathématique permettant la représentation d'objets d'apparence solide dans un système de conception assistée par ordinateur.  3, record 37, French, - surfa%C3%A7age

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Modélisation 3D permettant la représentation d'objets très complexes, et aux formes irrégulières, par l'intersection de surfaces définies dans l'espace.  4, record 37, French, - surfa%C3%A7age

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plus complexe que la modélisation filaire mais moins complexe que la modélisation solide, le surfaçage tient compte, en plus des arêtes et des sommets, de la notion de surface limite des objets.  4, record 37, French, - surfa%C3%A7age

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le surfaçage est une méthode plus complexe que la modélisation fil-de-fer mais moins complexe que la modélisation des solides.  3, record 37, French, - surfa%C3%A7age

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 3 OBS

surfaçage : terme et définition normalisés par la CSA.  5, record 37, French, - surfa%C3%A7age

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Teaching method.-Twelve lecturers of two hours each.-Student assignment on a practical case in the relevant field. The case will deal with the design of interactive visual information on screens.-The assignment is carried out in groups of two. In the seventh lecturer(week 11) feedback is given on work submitted.  2, record 39, English, - interactive%20visual%20information

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Info Point (information visuelle interactive).  2, record 39, French, - information%20visuelle%20interactive

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As a result of the examination, the examiner will make a decision to grant a patent as the final assessment of the examination stage if no reasons for refusal have been found.  4, record 40, English, - grant%20a%20patent

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A patent may be granted for a process, act, or method that is new, useful, and not obvious, for a new use of a known process, machine, or composition of matter or material, as well as for an asexually reproduced distinct and new variety of plant(excluding one propagated from a tuber), and for any new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufacture.  2, record 40, English, - grant%20a%20patent

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le PCT [Patent Cooperation Treaty / Traité de coopération en matière de brevets] [...] prévoit la possibilité de procéder à un examen préliminaire international de la demande internationale, qui donne aux offices appelés à déterminer s'il convient ou non de délivrer un brevet.  4, record 40, French, - d%C3%A9livrer%20un%20brevet

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

En se basant sur les résultats de ces «négociations», l'office des brevets rejette, modifie ou accepte d'octroyer un brevet sur la base des revendications initiales du demandeur.  5, record 40, French, - d%C3%A9livrer%20un%20brevet

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Is more process design done than product design?(Design of the production method rather than the product).  2, record 43, English, - product%20design

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "product design" refers to (1) the designing of a particular product, which is the concept behind this record, (2) the output of the design activity and (3) the discipline (see other record).  3, record 43, English, - product%20design

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la première partie de la production [...] va de la naissance de l'idée de produit [...] [et inclut] la conception du produit lui-même et de tous ses services associés [...] la conception de sa fabrication [...] la conception de sa vente [...]  2, record 43, French, - conception%20du%20produit

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le design ("product design") est la matérialisation complète et méthodique du produit industriel.  2, record 43, French, - conception%20du%20produit

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Voir aussi la fiche pour "design de produit".  3, record 43, French, - conception%20du%20produit

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Gobar gas.... An effort is underway to spread a design method of converting this manure into methane to use as cooking fuel. A circular pit made of concrete is sealed and manure is added over time. Pipes lead from this container into the house, where gas is emitted at the cooking location. Residue from the combustion process comes out at a different location in a concentrated form and is used for fertilizer. Human waste may also be used with the addition of an outhouse, but this is sanitarily unfriendly to the Nepalis, even though the bacteria is killed in the combustion process.  2, record 44, English, - gobar%20gas

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Gobar is the Nepali term for manure.  2, record 44, English, - gobar%20gas

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 OBS

gobar gas: term extracted from the Glossaire de l’agriculture anglais/français and reproduced with the authorization of the OECD.  3, record 44, English, - gobar%20gas

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La bouse est utilisée comme engrais dans les champs, et aussi pour fabriquer par fermentation du gaz (gober gas = gaz de bouse de vache) qui est récupéré pour faire la cuisine.  1, record 44, French, - gaz%20de%20bouse%20de%20vache

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gobar : Mot anglo-indien désignant le biogaz obtenu par fermentation anaérobie de la bouse de vache.  3, record 44, French, - gaz%20de%20bouse%20de%20vache

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 2 OBS

gaz de bouse : terme extrait du Glossaire de l'agriculture anglais/français et reproduit avec l'autorisation de l'OCDE.  5, record 44, French, - gaz%20de%20bouse%20de%20vache

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In this method, the research might be conducted with less control of subjects and the independent variable. The common quasi-experimental designs include : the succession(before-and-after) design, the time-series design, the cross-sectional design and the after-group design.  2, record 45, English, - quasi%2Dexperimental%20design

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A research design similar to an experimental design in all respects except that random assignment is not used to select who will, and who will not, receive the treatment (participate in the program).  3, record 45, English, - quasi%2Dexperimental%20design

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Structure d'étude utilisant des groupes de comparaison [pour faire des inférences causales], mais sans recours à la randomisation pour constituer un groupe expérimental et un groupe témoin.  2, record 45, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20quasi%2Dexp%C3%A9rimental

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le premier groupe est ordinairement acquis; le groupe expérimental est choisi pour correspondre le plus possible avec lui, de façon à permettre des inférences sur les effets incrémentiels du programme.  2, record 45, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20quasi%2Dexp%C3%A9rimental

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The research design for clinical trials of the female condom did not include randomization with another contraceptive method, so no one can definitely determine its contraceptive efficacy. Less formal comparisons with studies of other barrier methods reveal that the contraceptive efficacy of the female condom during typical use is not different from that of other vaginal barrier methods among US women.  2, record 47, English, - vaginal%20barrier

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Trois types de barrières devraient à court et à long terme empêcher ou prévenir l'infection par le VIH : des barrières physiques, immunologiques et chimiques. ["VIH/sida - Une approche multidisciplinaire", sous la direction de Mary Reidy et Marie-Elizabeth Taggart - Gaëtan Morin éditeur, 1995, p. 576]  2, record 47, French, - barri%C3%A8re%20vaginale

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Une contraception de barrière réduit significativement le risque de stérilité tubaire... ["Les MTS", R. Mousset et J.C. Pechere, edisem, 1990, p. 431]  2, record 47, French, - barri%C3%A8re%20vaginale

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Specification that refer to the method of development procedures, rules, conventions and guidelines used for prescribing all or any part of program design, coding and testing.  1, record 48, English, - standard

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans le domaine informatique, une série de lignes directrices techniques détaillées servant à uniformiser un secteur de développement du matériel ou des logiciels.  2, record 48, French, - norme

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Criterios aceptados para la ejecución, práctica, diseño, terminología, tamaño, etc. del desarrollo y operación de los sistemas de información.  2, record 48, Spanish, - norma

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El estándar puede estar establecido por un cuerpo técnico, legal o simplemente crearse por las prácticas de uno de los mayores fabricantes de computadoras.  2, record 48, Spanish, - norma

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

During the design development stage,... outline specifications are prepared. Thus, a more definite basis is provided for a more detailed cost estimate, which should also be prepared. The method used for preparing this cost estimate is similar to that employed in preparing the [preliminary] cost estimate during the schematic-design stage. It is based upon unit cost per square foot or metre, unit cost per cubic foot or metre, or cost per occupancy unit.  4, record 49, English, - detailed%20estimate%20of%20cost

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En consultation avec le gestionnaire du projet désigné par le conseil de bande, préparer des instructions sur des questions techniques à l'intention des soumissionnaires; elles doivent comprendre une ventilation détaillée des quantités et des unités de mesure (lorsque cela est pertinent), une estimation détaillée des coûts et fixer la date du parachèvement des travaux prévus dans le marché.  1, record 49, French, - estimation%20d%C3%A9taill%C3%A9e%20des%20co%C3%BBts

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'estimation est obtenue en faisant le produit des nombres figurant à la colonne «quantités» par ceux figurant à la colonne «prix unitaires».  3, record 49, French, - estimation%20d%C3%A9taill%C3%A9e%20des%20co%C3%BBts

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An appraisal method that is one of four techniques to arrive at the value of a parcel of land and is normally applied when comparable sales are not available to use the more popular direct comparison approach.  1, record 50, English, - land%20development%20method

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The appraiser must construct a hypothetical plan of subdivision or a building design based on the highest and best use, determine the sale price of the eventual development, evaluate costs associated with time delays, e. g., debt service, servicing costs, and marketing costs, and arrive at a final estimate of the price that a developer would pay in light of such future anticipated gains. Given the wide range of assumptions, this approach has limited use, but may be the only method to arrive at a value or range of value for a specific property.  1, record 50, English, - land%20development%20method

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Other methods of site valuation include: Abstraction Method-Site Valuation, Comparative Sales Method-Site Valuation, and Land Residual Method-Side Valuation.  1, record 50, English, - land%20development%20method

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans l'évaluation du terrain, l'évaluateur doit recourir à l'une des quatre méthodes reconnues en évaluation, à savoir la méthode de comparaison, la méthode de répartition ou de soustraction, la méthode du revenu résiduel au terrain et la méthode du lotissement.  1, record 50, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20du%20lotissement

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish