TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An off-white to pale yellow heterocyclic organic compound formed by replacing the hydrogen in position 4(or 5) of imidazole by a methyl group.  5, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) is a compound used to make certain pharmaceuticals, photographic chemicals, dyes and pigments, cleaning and agricultural chemicals, and rubber products. 4-MEI is formed during the production of certain caramel coloring agents used in many food and drink products. It may also be formed during the cooking, roasting, or other processing of some foods and beverages. ... Studies published in 2007 by the [U.S.] federal government’s National Toxicology Program showed that long-term exposure to 4-MEI resulted in increases in lung cancer in male and female mice. These findings were the basis for the addition of 4-MEI to California’s Proposition 65 list of carcinogens.  6, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

2-methylimidazole and 4-methylimidazole are intermediate/starting materials or components in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, photographic and photothermographic chemicals, dyes and pigments, agricultural chemicals, and rubber. These chemicals have been identified as undesirable by-products in several foods and have been detected in mainstream and sidestream tobacco smoke. The National Cancer Institute nominated 2- and 4-methylimidazole as candidates for toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. Toxicity studies were carried out in male and female F344/N rats and ...  7, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Concern has arisen about the presence of 4-MEI in caramel color (which is the most-used food and beverage coloring) ... Dark beers and common brands of cola drinks may contain ...  2, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 4 CONT

... Since imidazole also exists in tautomeric forms, either of the nitrogen atoms can bear the hydrogen atom, the two nitrogens become indistinguishable and the numbering becomes rather complex for mono-substituted imidazoles. As a consequence of this, 4-methylimidazole is identical with 5-methylimidazole and, depending on the position of the imino hydrogen, such a compound may be designated either 4- or 5-methylimidazole. As only one substance that may be a single tautomer or an equilibrium mixture is known, it would be incorrect to call it eithier 4- or 5-methylimidazole. Such a compound is instead designated as 4(5)-methylimidazole.  8, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

4(5)-methylimidazole; 4(or 5)-methylimidazole; 5-methylimidazole; 5-methyl-1H-imidazole: 4-methylimidazole and 5-methylimidazole are tautomers (structural isomers that are readily interconvertible) and are therefore usually considered to be synonymous (i.e. considered to be the same chemical compound). They have the same molecular formula and CAS Registry Number (CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service).  5, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formulas: C₄H₆N₂ or H₃C-C₃H₃N₂  5, record 1, English, - 4%2Dmethylimidazole

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Composé chimique hétérocyclique de couleur blanc cassé à jaune pâle, formé en remplaçant l'hydrogène en position 4 (ou 5) de l'imidazole par un groupe méthyle.  4, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Considéré comme étant probablement cancérigène, on retrouve ce produit lors de la fabrication de colorants caramel présents dans beaucoup d'aliments et de boissons (p. ex. boissons à base de cola, bières brunes) et à la suite du rôtissage d'aliments (p. ex. café et viande).  4, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Il sert à fabriquer des produits pharmaceutiques, des produits pour le nettoyage, des produits utilisés en photographie et en agriculture, des teintures et des pigments, et des produits à base de caoutchouc.  4, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

4(ou 5)-méthylimidazole; 5-méthyl-1H-imidazole; 5-méthylimidazole : Le 4-méthylimidazole et le 5-méthylimidazole sont des tautomères (isomères interconvertibles) et sont donc souvent considérés comme étant le même composé chimique.  4, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 4 OBS

méthyl-4 iminazole : «Imidazole» s'écrit également «iminazole».  5, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Formules chimiques : C₄H₆N₂ ou H₃C-C₃H₃N₂ ou CH₃-C₃H₃N₂  4, record 1, French, - 4%2Dm%C3%A9thylimidazole

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tightening the controls on methyl bromide is a crucial issue for the Montreal Protocol. The Open-Ended Working Group of the Montreal Protocol is working on reaching a successfull decision on advanced controls, critical and emergency uses, and trade provisions for non-parties.  1, record 2, English, - Open%2DEnded%20Working%20Group

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le renforcement des réglementations sur le bromure de méthyle est une question urgente pour le Protocole de Montréal. Le Groupe de travail à composition non limitée travaille encore à atteindre une décision acceptable sur des moyens avancés d'assurer la régulation, les utilisations critiques et en situation d'urgence, ainsi que les modalités de commerce pour les tiers.  1, record 2, French, - Groupe%20de%20travail%20%C3%A0%20composition%20non%20limit%C3%A9e

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pravastatin stands out by being the only one with hydroxyl group in the 6 position of the Decalin ring system in lieu of a methyl group.  3, record 3, English, - decahydronaphthalene%20ring%20system

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ring: An arrangement of atoms represented in formulas or models in a cyclic manner or as a closed chain and commonly consisting of five or six atoms although smaller and also much larger rings are known.  4, record 3, English, - decahydronaphthalene%20ring%20system

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

décaline (ou encore «Décaline», marque de commerce) : Dénomination du décahydronaphtalène, de formule C₁₀H₁₈, hydrocarbure saturé bicyclique obtenu par hydrogénation poussée du naphtalène utilisé comme solvant et comme additif pour combustibles liquides.  3, record 3, French, - noyau%20du%20d%C3%A9cahydronaphtal%C3%A8ne

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

cyclique (adjectif) : Qui concerne les cycles (dans tous les sens); se dit plus particulièrement d'un composé renfermant au moins une chaîne fermée ou un noyau.  4, record 3, French, - noyau%20du%20d%C3%A9cahydronaphtal%C3%A8ne

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Thermoplastic polymer based on esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid.  3, record 4, English, - methacrylate%20resin

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Methacrylic acid differs [from acrylic acid] by having a methyl group in place of the alpha hydrogen...  4, record 4, English, - methacrylate%20resin

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Résine acrylique particulière dans laquelle, à chaque atome de carbone de la chaîne principale porteur d'un des radicaux substituant caractéristique de cette résine, est fixé également un radical méthylique. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  1, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9sine%20m%C3%A9thacrylique

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

résine méthacrylique : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  2, record 4, French, - r%C3%A9sine%20m%C3%A9thacrylique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chemical reaction adding a methyl group to a compound.  2, record 5, English, - methylation

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Substitution, dans une molécule, d'un radical méthyle à un atome d'hydrogène.  2, record 5, French, - m%C3%A9thylation

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A group of single elements or compounds with a common general name and similar chemical characteristics. For example, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone(MEK), and methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK) are of the ketone family; acrolein, furfural, and acetaldehyde are of the aldehyde family.  2, record 6, English, - chemical%20family

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The chemical family describes the general nature of the chemical. Chemicals belonging to the same family often share certain physical and chemical properties and toxic effects. However, there may also be important differences. For example, toluene and benzene both belong to the aromatic hydrocarbon family. However, benzene is a carcinogen, but toluene is not.  3, record 6, English, - chemical%20family

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Par «famille chimique», on entend une description générale de la nature du produit chimique. Il arrive souvent que des substances qui appartiennent à la même famille chimique aient des propriétés physiques et chimiques ainsi que des effets toxiques semblables. Cependant, il peut aussi y avoir des différences importantes. Par exemple, le toluène et le benzène appartiennent tous deux à la famille des hydrocarbures aromatiques, mais le benzène est cancérogène alors que le toluène ne l'est pas.  2, record 6, French, - famille%20chimique

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les chimistes groupèrent en familles les éléments qui ont des propriétés voisines.  3, record 6, French, - famille%20chimique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A paraffinic hydrocarbon group which may be derived from an alkane by dropping one hydrogen from the formula. Examples are methyl,... ethyl,... propyl,... isopropyl... Such groups are often represented in formulas by the letter R and have the generic formula C_nH_2n+1.  3, record 7, English, - alkyl%20group

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 DEF

alkyl groups: Univalent groups derived from alkanes by removal of a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom -C_nH_2n+.  4, record 7, English, - alkyl%20group

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The [alkyl] groups derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a terminal carbon atom of unbranched alkanes form a subclass of normal alkyl (_n-alkyl) groups H[CH₂]n. The groups RCH2, RxCH (R [not equal to] H, and R₃C (R [not equal to] H are primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl groups, respectively.  4, record 7, English, - alkyl%20group

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

n-alkyl: The letter "n" must be italicized.  5, record 7, English, - alkyl%20group

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Groupe monovalent dérivé des alcanes par enlèvement d'un atome d'hydrogène à l'un quelconque des atomes de carbone : -C_nH_2n+1.  4, record 7, French, - groupe%20alkyle

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Les groupes alkyles] qui dérivent des alcanes linéaires par enlèvement d'un atome d'hydrogène à un atome de carbone terminal constituent la sous-classe des alkyles normaux (n-alkyles) : H[CH₂]_n^-. Les groupes RCH₂^-, R₂CH-(R[non égal à]H) et R₃C-(R[non égal à]H) sont nommés respectivement groupes alkyles primaires, secondaires et tertiaires.  4, record 7, French, - groupe%20alkyle

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Ne pas confondre avec le terme voisin «groupe alkylé» (en anglais : «alkylated group»), qui désigne les groupes qui renferment un groupe alkyle.  5, record 7, French, - groupe%20alkyle

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Se usa la designación de amina primaria secundaria o terciaria para referirnos al número de grupos alquilos que están unidos al nitrógeno. Así, si la amina tiene un grupo alquilo y dos hidrógenos se le conoce como primaria, si tiene dos alquilos y un hidrógeno, secundaria y con tres grupos alquilo sin hidrógeno, terciaria.  2, record 7, Spanish, - grupo%20alquilo

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Los halogenuros de alquilo tienen la fórmula general RX, donde R representa un grupo alquilo o alquilo sustituido.  3, record 7, Spanish, - grupo%20alquilo

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Bencenos sustituidos por grupos alquilo se nombran de dos formas diferentes dependiendo del tamaño del grupo alquilo.  4, record 7, Spanish, - grupo%20alquilo

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a chemical group related to acetic acid. It is bound through an ester linkage to polyose chains (especially xylans) in wood and other plants. The natural moisture present in plants hydrolyzes the acetyl groups to acetic acid, particularly at elevated temperatures.  2, record 8, English, - acetyl

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A two-carbon organic radical containing a methyl group and a carbonyl group.  3, record 8, English, - acetyl

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: CH₃CO- or CH₃-CO-  4, record 8, English, - acetyl

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Radical organique monovalent CH3-CO- dérivé de l'acide acétique.  2, record 8, French, - ac%C3%A9tyle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

acétylé : Se dit d'un dérivé renfermant le groupement acétylé.  2, record 8, French, - ac%C3%A9tyle

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : CH₃CO- ou CH₃-CO-  3, record 8, French, - ac%C3%A9tyle

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fórmula química: CH₃CO- o CH₃-CO-  2, record 8, Spanish, - acetilo

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To remove a methyl group from(a chemical compound).  3, record 9, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Three active demethylation mechanisms have been proposed.... The first mechanism is direct replacement of the methyl moiety by a hydrogen atom. The human MBD2(Methylated DNA binding protein 2) was reported to demethylate DNA by this mechanism, i. e., the thermodynamically unfavorable breakage of the carbon-carbon bond that links the pyrimidine to its methyl group.  4, record 9, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The enzymes that actively demethylate DNA include 5-methylcytosine glycosylase, which removes the methylated cytosine from DNA, leaving the deoxyribose intact ...  5, record 9, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

desmethylate: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).  1, record 9, English, - desmethylate

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action de provoquer une déméthylation, c'est-à-dire de détacher, de retirer un groupement méthyle (-CH₃) d'un composé, d'une cellule.  3, record 9, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Méthylation et déméthylation des pectines. Des PMT (pectine méthyl transférases) peuvent méthyler des pectines acides au cours du transfert golgien. Des PME (pectine méthyl estérases) secrétées par la voie golgienne peuvent déméthyler les pectines méthylées et les rendre acides dans la paroi elle même.  4, record 9, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La découverte d'activités capables de déméthyler les séquences mCG de l'ADN ouvre un nouveau chapitre des connaissances sur la régulation des gènes et laisse entrevoir d'importantes applications thérapeutiques et biotechnologiques.  5, record 9, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Étude de la capacité d'un certain nombre de bactéries aérobies et anaérobies de N-déméthyler l'imipramine (I) en désipramine (II).  1, record 9, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

desméthyler : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).  1, record 9, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A methyl group [CH subscript 3] occurs at both ends of paraffinic hydrocarbon molecules having two or more carbon atoms in the chain...  2, record 10, English, - methyl%20group

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

méthylique, adjectif - Se dit de tous les composés renfermant le groupement méthyle [CH indice 3] [...]  3, record 10, French, - groupement%20m%C3%A9thyle

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The removal of a methyl group,-CH3, from a compound.  2, record 11, English, - demethylation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

is or iso-comb. form. : having a straight chain of carbon atoms to which one branching methyl group is attached in the position next to one end(isohexyl)  2, record 12, English, - isoalkyl

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chaîne à hydrocarbures saturée comprenant deux groupes méthyle CH₃ à une terminaison de la chaîne linéaire.  1, record 12, French, - isoalkyle

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

iso : préfixe désignant un isomère du corps dont le nom suit; acide isobutyrique, isomère de l'acide butyrique.  2, record 12, French, - isoalkyle

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

alcoyle : Nom générique donné aux radicaux univalents obtenus par élimination de l'hydroxyle.  2, record 12, French, - isoalkyle

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish