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MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER [3 records]

Record 1 2004-05-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Physics
DEF

The characteristic of a substance for which a physical property, such as index of refraction, varies in value with the direction in or along which the measurement is made.

CONT

There is a distinct directional anisotropy in microwave backscatter from the surface of the East Antarctic ice sheet as measured by the C-band wind scatterometer carried by the ERS-1 satellite. The anisotropy is characterised by an amplitude and an orientation which correspond to the amplitude of variation in backscatter coefficient with azimuth and the orientation or look direction for minimum backscatter respectively. The anisotropy is apparent in the differences between the backscatter measurements in the three look directions of the antennas of the instrument.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique
DEF

Qualité d'un objet qui manifeste, suivant la direction considérée, diverses valeurs pour une même propriété.

CONT

Les propriétés optiques d'un couvert végétal dépendent à la fois de la nature des plantes qui le composent, de leur arrangement spatial ainsi que du sol sous-jacent. La lumière réfléchie par la végétation varie en fonction de la longueur d'onde du rayonnement mais aussi en fonction de la position relative de la source de rayonnement (le soleil) et du capteur du fait de l'anisotropie des surfaces observées.

PHR

anisotropie brutale, discontinue, faible, forte, invariante d'échelle, molle, optique, structurale.

PHR

anisotropie d'effet capillaire, du cristal.

PHR

générateur d'anisotropie.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Física
DEF

Variación de una o varias propiedades [...] según la dirección en que se haga la medición.

Save record 1

Record 2 2004-04-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Radar, Radio Guidance and Goniometry
  • Weather Stations and Meteorological Instruments and Equipment
  • Remote Sensing
  • Flight Instruments and Equipment (Aeroindustry)
DEF

A microwave radar scatterometer [that] measures near-surface wind vectors (both speed and direction) over the global oceans.

CONT

NASA Scatterometer(NSCAT) is an active microwave radar to measure winds over the oceans by transmitting Ku band microwave pulse(13. 995 GHz) and receiving backscatter powers from the ocean surface. The backscatter powers is subject to changes in direction of surface waves. Multidirectional measurements can thus be used to solve wind speed and direction simultaneously by using algorithm derived from the previous studies.

CONT

Using the space-borne NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) to determine the frozen and thawed seasons ...

CONT

NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) was launched on August 16, 1996, aboard the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS), a mission of the National Space Development Agency of Japan.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Radar, radioguidage et radiogoniométrie
  • Stations, instruments et équipements météorologiques
  • Télédétection
  • Instruments et équipement de bord (Constructions aéronautiques)
CONT

Depuis août 1996, un nouveau détecteur, le diffusiomètre de la NASA (NSCAT) a été embarqué sur le satellite du Système Avancé d'Observation de la Terre japonais (ADEOS). C'est un diffusiomètre bande Ku et il fournira une information similaire mais avec une meilleure résolution spatiale et temporelle, grâce à sa double fauchée et à sa résolution de 25 km.

CONT

Contrairement aux diffusiomètres de la série ERS, qui opèrent en bande C, où l'atténuation par la pluie peut être négligée, les diffusiomètres de la NASA opèrent en bande Ku.

OBS

Diffusiomètre : instrument radar de mesure du signal rétrodiffusé par les vagues capillaires à la surface de la mer; il permet [entre autres] la mesure de la vitesse et de la direction du vent depuis l'espace.

Key term(s)
  • diffusomètre de la NASA

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Guía radárica, radioguía y radiogoniometría
  • Estaciones, instrumentos y equipos meteorológicos
  • Teledetección
  • Instrumentos y equipo de vuelo (Industria aeronáutica)
Save record 2

Record 3 2002-11-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Remote Sensing
  • Electromagnetic Radiation
CONT

X-band(9. 5-10. 0 GHz) backscatter at near grazing incidence(0. 2 deg) from the sea off the coast of Kauai, Hawaii, was measured with a radar characterized by a high spatial resolution in range(0. 3 m) and a high temporal resolution(2000 Hz pulse repetition frequency(PRF].... Each type of clutter exhibited the characteristic spiky behavior which has come to be expected from microwave sea backscatter observed at low grazing angles and high range resolutions, while showing, between themselves, marked transmit geometry and polarization dependent contrasts, with the horizontally polarized clutter, measured with an UP transmit geometry, being especially notable for its frequently occurring, significant high frequency spectral content.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Télédétection
  • Rayonnements électromagnétiques

Spanish

Save record 3

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