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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traffic radar works by shining its microwave searchlight down the road. When you come in range, the microwave beam bounces off your car, and the radar antenna looks for the reflections.  4, record 1, English, - traffic%20radar

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El funcionamiento del radar se basa en un fenómeno físico denominado efecto Doppler y se refiere a la variación de la frecuencia que emite un emisor en movimiento. [...] Los radares de tráfico mandan una señal al coche que pasa y reciben una señal rebotada. En función de las diferencias de la frecuencia de la señal rebotada en el coche que pasa se puede calcular la velocidad.  1, record 1, Spanish, - radar%20de%20tr%C3%A1fico

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of DEW [directed-energy weapon] that uses RF [radio-frequency] energy to upset or damage the electronics of a target.  5, record 2, English, - radio%20frequency%20weapon

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

RF weapons are usually divided into two categories: high power microwave (HPM) weapons and ultrawideband (UWB) (or video pulse) weapons.  6, record 2, English, - radio%20frequency%20weapon

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The primary distinction between RF weapons and more conventional EW systems is that RF weapons actually affect the electronics and not just the electronic environment, thereby causing temporary or permanent electronics failure that persists even after the RF beam has been turned off. RF weapons will mainly target receiver systems with in-band HPM [high-power microwave] radiation or computer systems with ultrawideband impulses.  5, record 2, English, - radio%20frequency%20weapon

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 CONT

In a radio-frequency weapon, electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths similar to that of radar is aimed at a target by means of an antenna. The principal effect would be to damage or destroy the electronic circuits of a missile.  7, record 2, English, - radio%20frequency%20weapon

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An electron gun that has high total perveance and produces a hollow beam of microwave radiation in the frequency range 1-40 gigahertz, which is parallel to the axis of a magnetic field.  2, record 3, English, - magnetron%20injection%20gun

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lithium niobate. Available as single crystals, clear, colorless optical grades and in polycrystalline form. A major interest is in applications exposed to laser radiation,... other usage includes microwave delay lines, transducers, beam deflectors, harmonic generators, parametric oscillators and other electric devices.  3, record 4, English, - lithium%20niobate

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lithium niobate: a commercial name.  4, record 4, English, - lithium%20niobate

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: LiNbO₃  5, record 4, English, - lithium%20niobate

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le matériau de la «puce optique» n'existe pas encore. [...] il reste en effet à trouver le matériau idéal pour fabriquer les futurs transistors à lumière. [...] Pour l'instant, seuls les monocristaux minéraux savent remplir cette fonction de «commutateur», sorte de déflecteurs chargés de dévier les faisceaux lumineux [...]. Mais ils sont chers (un monocristal de niobate de lithium coûte plusieurs dizaines de milliers de francs), et surtout très difficiles à miniaturiser.  3, record 4, French, - niobate%20de%20lithium

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

niobate de lithium : nom commercial.  2, record 4, French, - niobate%20de%20lithium

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : LiNbO₃  4, record 4, French, - niobate%20de%20lithium

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] type of microwave aerial in the form of a parabolic reflector with the primary radiator mounted to one side to avoid obscuring part of the beam.  2, record 5, English, - offset%20feed

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Used in most consumer satellite receiver systems.  2, record 5, English, - offset%20feed

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Microwave sensors are particularly effective for measuring land surface hydrological parameters. Since microwave sensors enable us to observe ground surfaces both day and night, we can observe hydrologic phenomena that show remarkable diurnal variation. Further, an inherent feature of a microwave sensor lies in its wavelength between 1 mm and 1 m(0. 3 to 300 GHz of frequency), making it possible to conduct observations without influence from weather and to detect the scattering information not only at the surface, but also in the volume. Furthermore, we can directly observe liquid water having larger relative permittivity than other physical parameters because the scattering of microwaves heavily depends on relative permittivity. There are two types of microwave sensors : a passive microwave sensor that observe weak microwave signals naturally radiated from the Earth's surface, and an active microwave sensor that measures the backscattering coefficient of the transmitted beam.  2, record 6, English, - microwave%20sensor

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

microwave sensor: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Terminology Approval Group (RTAG).  3, record 6, English, - microwave%20sensor

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tous les objets reflètent, absorbent ou émettent un rayonnement électromagnétique qui correspond à leur composition et à leur structure. Un capteur hyperspectral, fonctionnant à l'aide du rayonnement solaire réfléchi, détecte les spectres particuliers, autrement dit la «signature spectrale» d'un objet, ce qui permet ensuite d'en déterminer la composition.  4, record 6, French, - capteur%20hyperspectral

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

capteur hyperspectral : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  5, record 6, French, - capteur%20hyperspectral

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A radar pulse is transmitted from the antenna to the ground. The radar pulse is scattered by the ground targets back to the antenna.  2, record 7, English, - radar%20pulse

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In synthetic aperture radar(SAR) imaging, microwave pulses are transmitted by an antenna towards the Earth surface. The microwave energy scattered back to the spacecraft is measured. The SAR makes use of the radar principle to form an image by utilising the time delay of the backscattered signals. In real aperture radar imaging, the groud resolution is limited by the size of the microwave beam sent out from the antenna. Finer details on the ground can be resolved by using a narrower beam. The beam width is inversely proportional to the size of the antenna, i. e. the longer the antenna, the narrower the beam.  2, record 7, English, - radar%20pulse

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

radar pulse: term officially approved by the RADARSAT-2 Official Approval Group (ROAG).  3, record 7, English, - radar%20pulse

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La génération d'une image SAR nécessite la combinaison de deux mécanismes de balayage. Tout d'abord un balayage latéral. Chaque impulsion se propopage à une vitesse égale à celle de la lumière (c = 3.108 m.s-1) selon la direction de visée du satellite (across track), l'écho reçu au niveau de l'antenne est ensuite échantillonné à la fréquence fe (18.96 Mhz pour ERS-1). Simultanément, la scène est balayée dans le sens de déplacement du satellite (along track) à la fréquence d'émission des impulsions notée fp ou PRD (Pulse Rate Frequency) : (entre 1640 et 1720 Hz, par pas de 2 Hz dans le cas d'ERS-1). Les échelles de grandeur des divers mécanismes mis en jeux étant différentes, nous pouvons les supposer indépendants entre eux. Le signal reçu peut être ainsi organisé dans une matrice bi-dimensionnelle, où les paramètres de temps et de distance sont représentés respectivement en ligne par le cadencement des impulsions (PRF) et en colonne par la position des échos sur la ligne, une ligne étant acquise à chaque émission d'une impulsion radar (ou pulse). Une colonne de l'image représentera l'ensemble des réponses des réflecteurs placés à une distance donnée de l'antenne (distance radiale). Sa position sur la ligne est linéairement liée au temps mis par l'onde radar à lui revenir après s'être réfléchie sur le point cible, le radar étant considéré immobile durant ce temps.  2, record 7, French, - impulsion%20radar

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

impulsion radar : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de RADARSAT-2 (GTTR).  3, record 7, French, - impulsion%20radar

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A directional microwave antenna with a radiating element and a parabolic reflector used to concentrate the radiated power into a beam in order to give directional characteristics.  5, record 8, English, - parabolic%20antenna

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antenne constituée d'un réflecteur hertzien, dont la surface est une portion d'un paraboloïde de révolution, et d'une source primaire placée au foyer ou dans son voisinage.  2, record 8, French, - antenne%20parabolique

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme d'usage obligatoire au Bureau de la traduction.  3, record 8, French, - antenne%20parabolique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antena circular en forma de plato empleada en la transmisión y recepción de señales de radio en la banda de las microondas.  1, record 8, Spanish, - antena%20parab%C3%B3lica

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The three onboard microwave scan beam landing systems are airborne Ku-band receiver/transmitter navigation and landing aids with decoding and computational capabilities. The MSBLS [Microwave Scan Beam Landing System] units determine slant range, azimuth and elevation to the ground stations alongside the landing runway. MSBLS is used during terminal area energy management, the approach and landing flight phases and return-to-launch-site aborts.  2, record 9, English, - terminal%20area%20energy%20management

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The microwave beam from the satellite solar power station(SSPS) is triggered by a pilot signal beamed from the center of the receiving antenna to provide the necessary phase control to produce a coherent beam. Otherwise, if the beam were to drift, its coherence would be lost, the energy dissipated, and the resulting power density would approximate normal communication signal levels on Earth.  2, record 10, English, - satellite%20solar%20power%20station

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Invisible barrier detectors generate an invisible beam of energy and are intended to detec intruders running, walking, or crawling through the beam. The barrier is formed by a transmitter emitting a beam of either microwave or infrared energy. A corresponding receiver, located in the line of sight of the transmitter at the opposite end of the beam, receives and monitors the transmitted signal for changes characteristics of someone penetrating the beam.  1, record 14, English, - invisible%20barrier%20detector

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The laser(or lidar) velocimeter [lidar=light radar] operates in a fashion entirely analogous to that of the airborne Doppler weather radars likely soon to be available for detecting turbulence in storm cells. As with radars, the device detects air movements by observing the motion of particles suspended in the air and carried with it. The only significant difference is that a beam of coherent infrared radiation is used to scan ahead of the aircraft, instead of a beam(or series of pulses) of radio energy in the considerably longer-wavelength microwave band. The frequency of the back-scattered echoes or reflections undergoes Doppler shift detection by standard heterodyning techniques, which involve comparing the frequency of the reflected illumination with that of the original laser beam. Any reflecting object or material which has motion relative to the transmitter/receiver will cause a detectable shift in frequency, which can be isolated from the transmitter's own proper motion(over the ground) and thus yield a precise indication of the speed at which the air is moving several hundred metres in front of the aircraft. From this data, it is easy to compute what the air speed of the aircraft will be when it reaches that particular patch of air in a few seconds’ time [and hence detect possible turbulence ahead].  2, record 15, English, - laser%20velocimeter

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le principe de fonctionnement du vélocimètre à laser (ou lidar) est exactement le même que celui des radars météorologiques Doppler de bord, qui doivent être mis en service prochainement pour la détection des turbulences dans les systèmes d'orages.  1, record 15, French, - v%C3%A9locim%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20laser

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

By the use of localiser aerials with apertures that may be as large as 50 metres it is normally possible to achieve excellent quality centre-line guidance for approach and landing, with multipath errors of ’beam bends’ as small, if not smaller, than can be expected from MLS [microwave landing system] at its very best.  1, record 16, English, - centre%2Dline%20guidance

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On peut normalement avec des aériens de radioalignement de piste, dont l'ouverture peut atteindre 50 m, obtenir en approche et à l'atterrissage un guidage sur l'axe de la piste d'excellente qualité, avec des écarts dus aux signaux multi-trajet ou à la distorsion du faisceau aussi faibles, sinon plus, qu'avec le meilleur MLS [système d'atterrissage à micro-ondes]  1, record 16, French, - guidage%20sur%20l%27axe%20de%20la%20piste

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Primary radar is(...) the original form of radio-detection, in which a beam of microwave energy illuminates a passive or "non-cooperating" target and the reflected pulse or echo is processed to display its bearing and distance from the transmitter(three-dimensional or height-finder radars will also display its altitude, although these are, so far, restricted to military surveillance applications, essentially for reasons of cost, plus the fact that there are alternative means of determining the altitude of aircraft, other than hostile intruders).  1, record 17, English, - passive%20target

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le radar primaire, c'est (...) la forme originale de la détection électromagnétique: un faisceau de micro-ondes est envoyé sur une cible passive et le signal réfléchi par celle-ci est traité pour en déterminer et faire apparaître sur un écran le relèvement et distance par rapport à l'émetteur (les radars tridimensionnels indiquent en outre l'altitude de la cible mais, essentiellement pour des raisons de coût et parce qu'il est possible de déterminer l'altitude des aéronefs amis par d'autres moyens, leurs applications sont actuellement limitées à la surveillance militaire).  1, record 17, French, - cible%20passive

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish