TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Jus in bello, also referred to as international humanitarian law (IHL), applies to all warring parties irrespective of the reasons for the conflict. It does not speak to whether or not the cause of war is just. Instead, this body of law seeks to protect war victims and their fundamental rights, no matter to which party they belong.  4, record 1, English, - international%20humanitarian%20law

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Necessity and proportionality have always been core principles of both branches of the jus belli principles that apply to both the authority to employ military force and the regulation of actual employment. However, in the jus ad bellum context, they have never before been viewed as principles to regulate operational and tactical execution. Instead, in that context they frame the legality of national or multinational resort to military force in self-defense. Once the decision is made to employ force pursuant to this authority, the jus in bello variant of these principles(necessity of the mission and proportionality of collateral damage) operate to regulate the application of combat power during mission execution(in other words, they provide the foundation for the regulation of the application of combat power in the context of the self-defense-justified mission).  5, record 1, English, - international%20humanitarian%20law

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le droit international humanitaire a pour but de limiter les souffrances causées par la guerre en assurant, autant que possible, protection et assistance aux victimes. Il traite donc de la réalité d'un conflit sans considération des motifs ou de la légalité d'un recours à la force. Il en réglemente uniquement les aspects ayant une importance humanitaire. C'est ce que l’on appelle le jus in bello (le droit dans la guerre).  5, record 1, French, - droit%20international%20humanitaire

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Jus in bello: [derecho que] regula el comportamiento de los durante las hostilidades.  1, record 1, Spanish, - derecho%20internacional%20humanitario

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Jus in bello Se distingue del jus ad bellum, o condiciones en que es lícito el recurso a la fuerza armada.  1, record 1, Spanish, - derecho%20internacional%20humanitario

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

derecho de guerra, Jus in bello y derecho internacional humanitario: Expresiones reproducidas del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  2, record 1, Spanish, - derecho%20internacional%20humanitario

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... of precluding the wrongfulness of State conduct not in conformity with one of the rules of the law of war which impose limitations on the belligerents regarding the means and methods of conducting hostilities between them, the general purpose being to attenuate the rigours of war ...  3, record 2, English, - law%20of%20war

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Necessity and proportionality have always been core principles of both branches of the jus belli principles that apply to both the authority to employ military force and the regulation of actual employment. However, in the jus ad bellum context, they have never before been viewed as principles to regulate operational and tactical execution. Instead, in that context they frame the legality of national or multinational resort to military force in self-defense. Once the decision is made to employ force pursuant to this authority, the jus in bello variant of these principles(necessity of the mission and proportionality of collateral damage) operate to regulate the application of combat power during mission execution(in other words, they provide the foundation for the regulation of the application of combat power in the context of the self-defense-justified mission).  4, record 2, English, - law%20of%20war

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The right to resort to war.  2, record 3, English, - jus%20ad%20bellum

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Jus ad bellum refers to the conditions under which states may resort to war or to the use of armed force in general.  3, record 3, English, - jus%20ad%20bellum

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Necessity and proportionality have always been core principles of both branches of the jus belli principles that apply to both the authority to employ military force and the regulation of actual employment. However, in the jus ad bellum context, they have never before been viewed as principles to regulate operational and tactical execution. Instead, in that context they frame the legality of national or multinational resort to military force in self-defense. Once the decision is made to employ force pursuant to this authority, the jus in bello variant of these principles(necessity of the mission and proportionality of collateral damage) operate to regulate the application of combat power during mission execution(in other words, they provide the foundation for the regulation of the application of combat power in the context of the self-defense-justified mission).  4, record 3, English, - jus%20ad%20bellum

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le jus ad bellum (droit de faire la guerre) […]  1, record 3, French, - jus%20ad%20bellum

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The guidance … will be found in a targeting directive which is comprised of both legal and policy judgements, usually signed off by ministers. It will prescribe targets sets – who may be attacked – and stipulate the tolerance of civilian casualties through collateral damage estimates for those targets that pass the standard tests of necessity, distinction, military advantage and proportionality to ascertain whether the target is legitimate.  3, record 4, English, - targeting%20directive

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The principle whereby a belligerent has the right to apply any measures that are required to bring about the successful conclusion of a military operation and that are not forbidden by the Law of War.  1, record 5, English, - military%20necessity

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

military necessity : term and definition standardized by NATO.  2, record 5, English, - military%20necessity

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Principe en vertu duquel un belligérant exerce le droit de prendre les mesures qui seraient nécessaires pour conduire à bien une opération militaire et qui ne seraient pas interdites par le droit de la guerre.  1, record 5, French, - n%C3%A9cessit%C3%A9%20militaire

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nécessité militaire : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.  2, record 5, French, - n%C3%A9cessit%C3%A9%20militaire

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Principio por el que un beligerante tiene el derecho de aplicar cualquier medida que considere adecuada para lograr el éxito en una operación militar siempre que no vaya en contra de las leyes de la guerra.  1, record 5, Spanish, - necesidad%20militar

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Classifications of "defences" or "justifications" are conventional and not very logical.... Necessity as an omnibus category probably does not exist, and its availability as a defence depends on specialized rules. In particular contexts in the law of war, military necessity may be pleaded, and the right of angary allows requisition of ships belonging to aliens lying within the jurisdiction in time of war or other public danger.  1, record 6, English, - defense%20of%20necessity

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

However, attractive as such a doctrine might be in municipal law, in international relations it would encourage too many breaches of the peace if widely adopted.  1, record 6, English, - defense%20of%20necessity

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cas d'exonération de responsabilité internationale appliquée en faveur d'un État dès lors que celui-ci est en mesure de démontrer que l'atteinte, qu'il a portée à une de ses obligations internationales a été justifiée par une nécessité absolue.  1, record 6, French, - excuse%20de%20n%C3%A9cessit%C3%A9

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The lease of territory was a nineteenth century device for securing possession of important access ports in the Orient without the necessity of proceeding to annexation. It was a peaceful mode of acquisition. Today, however, the lease is used for the securing of strategic bases by military Powers.  1, record 7, English, - lease%20of%20territory

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expression employée à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début de XXe pour désigner l'opération par laquelle un État confère, pour un temps déterminé, à un autre État, le droit d'exercer des pouvoirs souverains sur un territoire faisant partie du premier État en qualifiant cette opération de bail.  1, record 7, French, - cession%20%C3%A0%20bail

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish