TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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[The] military training camp... consists of rolling open grassy fields,... training areas,..., training trenches, [a] rifle range, [a] grenade training ground, artillery observation posts...  1, record 1, English, - military%20training%20camp

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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[Le] camp d'entraînement militaire [...] est l'un des champs de bataille créés à des fins d'entraînement [...] Le lieu comporte de vastes champs herbeux ondulés, [des] tranchées pour l'entraînement, [un] champ de tir, [un] terrain d'entraînement au lancer de grenades, [des] postes d'observation d'artillerie [...]  2, record 1, French, - camp%20d%27instruction%20%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaire

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Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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In the context of military operations, combat surveillance is the systematic observation of enemy activity and geographical areas in order to gather military intelligence. This process allows for early warning of enemy actions, aids in the direction of friendly forces, and helps assess damage after attacks. Methods can include the use of sensor systems, aerial reconnaissance, or ground-based operations.  2, record 2, English, - combat%20surveillance

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie du renseignement de combat qui consiste à surveiller continuellement, 24 heures par jour, peu importe la température, la zone de combat afin d'assurer des renseignements précis et opportuns.  2, record 2, French, - surveillance%20de%20combat

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Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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Solar retinopathy is a well-described clinical entity, thought to be the result of a photochemical injury to the retina.... It is reported most often following a solar eclipse, thus accounting for its sporadic occurrence. Less common cases have occurred following direct sun gazing. Cases in which direct solar observation has been implicated in retinal damage include :military personnel assigned to survey the sky; religious or ritualistic ceremonies; hallucinogenic drug use... ;mental illness; and matters of secondary gain.... Within several hours of solar exposure, patients may note a central scotoma in one or both eyes, though the dominant eye is often more severely affected. Visual acuity can be normal to significantly reduced...  3, record 3, English, - solar%20retinopathy

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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La rétinopathie solaire survient immédiatement après avoir regardé le soleil. Cet accident se produit par jeu ou par comportement psychotique, [...] par croyances (adorateurs du soleil après dérive sectaire) ou par imprudence (éclipse avec protection insuffisante). [...] Les symptômes sont un scotome central sombre ou, au contraire, lumineux et une baisse d'acuité visuelle. L'examen du fond d'œil montre souvent une tache blanche centrale de petite dimension.  2, record 3, French, - r%C3%A9tinopathie%20solaire

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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ARGOS(Advanced Research Global Observation Satellite) is an American military spacecraft that was launched by a Delta 2 rocket from Vandenberg... The three tonne spacecraft may be a technology demonstration model, but enables observation of baseline data on Earth's atmospheric constituents. Among the instruments onboard are an ultraviolet imager, X-ray detectors, and plume detectors.  3, record 4, English, - technology%20demonstration%20model

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PROBA - ESA’s [European Space Agency] Autonomy and Technology Demonstration Model.  4, record 4, English, - technology%20demonstration%20model

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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Elaborate defensive barrier in northeast France constructed in the 1930s and named after its principal creator, André Maginot, who was France’s minister of war in 1929–31.  2, record 5, English, - Maginot%20Line

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[The Maginot Line] was composed of an intricate system of strong points, fortifications, and military facilities such as border guard posts, communications centers, infantry shelters, barricades, artillery, machine gun, and anti-tank gun emplacements, supply depots, infrastructure facilities, observation posts, etc.  3, record 5, English, - Maginot%20Line

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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Satellites are used for a large number of purposes. Common types include military(spy) and civilian Earth observation satellites, communication satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and research satellites.  2, record 6, English, - research%20satellite

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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Les satellites jouent désormais un rôle important à la fois sur les plans économique (télécommunications, positionnement, prévision météorologique), militaire (renseignement) et scientifique (observation astronomique, microgravité, observation de la Terre, océanographie, altimétrie).  2, record 6, French, - satellite%20de%20recherche

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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The Treaty on Open Skies entered into force on January 1, 2002, and currently has 34 States Parties. It establishes a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants. The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them. Open Skies is one of the most wide-ranging international efforts to date promoting openness and transparency of military forces and activities. The concept of "mutual aerial observation" was initially proposed by President Eisenhower in 1955; the treaty eventually signed was an initiative of President(and former Director of Central Intelligence) George H. W. Bush in 1989. Negotiated by the then-members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the agreement was signed in Helsinki, Finland, on March 24, 1992. The United States ratified it in 1993.  3, record 7, English, - Open%20Skies%20Treaty

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

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Le Traité "Ciel ouvert" de mars 1992, qui permet le survol des territoires nationaux sur la base de la réciprocité, est un autre élément important de l'établissement d'une plus grande transparence dans le domaine militaire. Le Traité "Ciel ouvert" vise à accroître la confiance, à faciliter le contrôle du respect des accords de maîtrise des armements existants ou futurs et à renforcer la capacité de détection rapide et de gestion ultérieure des crises en autorisant, selon le principe de la réciprocité, le survol du territoire des États parties.  2, record 7, French, - Trait%C3%A9%20%C2%ABCiel%20ouvert%C2%BB

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Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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UAV [unmanned aerial vehicle] can be broken down into three major families. The HALE(high altitude long endurance) aircraft are for high altitude observation or for use as telecommunication relays.... Called MALE(medium altitude long endurance), the other type of UAVs are aircraft similar to those used for military missions. The aircraft are very serviceable for testing integration into civilian airspace. Depending on their engines, they fly at speeds that are slower or equal to cargo plane speeds and at comparable altitude but for 24 to 30 hours. The third family includes the smaller, helicopter-type UAVs flying at a low altitude with a ceiling of 1, 500 meters.  1, record 8, English, - medium%20altitude%20long%20endurance

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Les systèmes de drones MALE (moyenne altitude et longue endurance) sont destinés aux missions de recueil du renseignement, de désignation d'objectifs et de relais de communication.  1, record 8, French, - moyenne%20altitude%20et%20longue%20endurance

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... the non-weapon components of a space-based military system(e. g. navigation, communication and observation components) would not be prohibited, but only the "sharp end" of such systems.  2, record 9, English, - military%20space%20system

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a military space system operated by the United States Air Force.  3, record 9, English, - military%20space%20system

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military space system: term extracted from the "Disarmament and Peace Keeping" glossary with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  4, record 9, English, - military%20space%20system

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[...] les éléments non destructifs d'un système militaire spatial (comme les composantes de navigation, de communications et d'observation) ne seraient pas interdits, l'interdiction s'appliquant uniquement à la partie destructive d'un tel système.  2, record 9, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20spatial%20militaire

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système spatial militaire : terme tiré du lexique «Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.  3, record 9, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20spatial%20militaire

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Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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A decision was made back in 1975 to develop the PAH-1 from MBB's military liaison and observation helicopter, the BO105M, which was under development at that time.  1, record 10, English, - liaison%20and%20observation%20helicopter

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

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Il avait été décidé dès 1975 que le PAH-1 serait un dérivé de l'hélicoptère militaire de liaison et d'observation (HLO) BO. 105M, alors en cours de mise au point.  2, record 10, French, - h%C3%A9licopt%C3%A8re%20d%27observation%20et%20de%20liaison

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Le Djinn a été utilisé entre autres par l'Armée de Terre française et la Bundeswehr allemande, comme hélicoptère d'observation et de liaison, mais également pour des missions d'évacuation sanitaire.  4, record 10, French, - h%C3%A9licopt%C3%A8re%20d%27observation%20et%20de%20liaison

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Record 11,  Textual support,  English

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In 1965, India and Pakistan again went to war over disputed territory. Initially, the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan(UNMOGIP) was expected to separate the forces and observe any ceasefire arrangement. But the fighting spread beyond UNMOGIP's area(the state of Jammu and Kashmir), and a second force, the United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission(UNIPOM), had to be created solely to supervise the ceasefire along those additional border regions. India and Pakistan then agreed to stop fighting and began to withdraw their soldiers. Early in 1966, all withdrawals were complete and UNIPOM's mission ended, which again left UNMOGIP as the only observer mission in the area.  2, record 11, English, - United%20Nations%20India%2DPakistan%20Observation%20Mission

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En 1965, l'Inde et le Pakistan se sont à nouveau déclaré la guerre au sujet du territoire en litige. À l'origine,le Groupe d'observateurs militaires des Nations Unies pour l'Inde et le Pakistan (UNMOGIP) devait séparer les combattants et observer d'éventuels accords de cessez-le-feu. Les combats se sont toutefois propagés au-delà du secteur d'intervention de l'UNMOGIP (l'État de Jammu et Cachemire) et une deuxième force, la Mission d'observation des Nations Unies pour l'Inde et le Pakistan (UNIPOM), a dû être créée uniquement pour superviser le cessez-le-feu le long des frontières de ces nouvelles régions. L'Inde et le Pakistan ont ensuite accepté de mettre fin aux affrontements et ont commencé à retirer leurs effectifs. Au début de 1966, les retraits étaient terminés et l'UNIPOM a pris fin, laissant l'UNMOGIP comme seule mission d'observation dans la région.  2, record 11, French, - Mission%20d%27observation%20des%20Nations%20Unies%20pour%20l%27Inde%20et%20le%20Pakistan

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Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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The Steiner Optik Military 15 x 80 can meet the challenge imposed by airspace monitoring, border surveillance and naval observation : extreme distances.  1, record 12, English, - border%20surveillance

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

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La jumelle Military 15 x 80 de Steiner Optik est parfaitement adaptée à la veille aérienne, à la surveillance des frontières et aux applications navales.  1, record 12, French, - surveillance%20des%20fronti%C3%A8res

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish