TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The short fibers removed during the combing operation of yarn making.  3, record 1, English, - comber%20noil

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... linters and comber noil are used to make absorbent cotton, pulp & paper, regenerated cellulose, micro crystalline cellulose, nano cellulose, modified cellulose, non-wovens, carbon fibres, viscose, lyocell and high tenacity rayons.  4, record 1, English, - comber%20noil

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fibres de courte longueur rejetées lors du peignage dans le procédé de fabrication des fils.  2, record 1, French, - blousse

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fibres de coton et les blousses sont utilisées pour fabriquer du coton absorbant, de la pâte à papier, de la cellulose régénérée, de la cellulose microcristalline, de la nanocellulose, de la cellulose modifiée, des non-tissés, des fibres de carbone, de la viscose, du lyocell ainsi que de la rayonne très résistants.  3, record 1, French, - blousse

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first method introduced, and initially the dominant process, took cellulose and modified it with nitric acid. The defining characteristic of this fiber was its nitrocellulose formulation; it was commonly known after the name of its French inventor as Chardonnet silk.  1, record 2, English, - Chardonnet%20silk

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dérivé de la cellulose, la «soie de Chardonnet» est une fibre semi- synthétique [...]  2, record 2, French, - soie%20Chardonnet

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A glycolic acid ether of cellulose which appears under the form of a white, odorless, bulky solid, is made by the action of chloroacetic acid and alkali on sulfite wood pulp, is used in pharmacy as a stabilizer, an emulsifier, a thickener, in drilling fluids to combat contamination from anhydrite (gypsum) and to lower the water loss of the mud, in adhesives, in the manufacture of paper, in cosmetics and in confectionery.  8, record 3, English, - carboxymethyl%20cellulose

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[Carboxymethyl cellulose bears] substituted carboxymethyl groups which, depending on the molecular weight and the degree of substitution, may comprise a fully soluble polymer or an insoluble polymer or an insoluble weak ion exchanger used for separation of neutral and basic proteins.  9, record 3, English, - carboxymethyl%20cellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) is a modified cellulose gum(cellulose is also known as plant fiber). In foods, it is used as a stabilizer, thickener, film former, suspending agent and... applications include ice cream, dressings, pies, sauces and puddings.... In supplements, it functions as a binder and/or helps tablets disintegrate during digestion.  4, record 3, English, - carboxymethyl%20cellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

carboxymethyl cellulose; CMC: term and abbreviation standardized by ISO.  10, record 3, English, - carboxymethyl%20cellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

When in the form of a sodium salt, carboxymethylcellulose is called "sodium carboxymethylcellulose" (q.v.).  8, record 3, English, - carboxymethyl%20cellulose

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Éther glycolique de la cellulose, préparé en traitant l'alcalinecellulose par le chloroacétate de sodium, utilisé dans la fabrication des adhésifs, des encres et des peintures, comme réactif du fer et comme support en chromatographie d'échanges ioniques, pour la séparation et la purification des protéines.  6, record 3, French, - carboxym%C3%A9thylcellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les protéines peuvent être fractionnées grâce à la chromatographie par échange d'ions. On utilise souvent dans ce but des celluloses modifiées qui sont soit des échangeurs d'anions comme la diéthylaminoéthyl-cellulose (DEAE-cellulose), soit des échangeurs de cations comme la carboxyméthyl-cellulose (CM-cellulose).  7, record 3, French, - carboxym%C3%A9thylcellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

carboxyméthylcellulose; CMC : terme et abréviation normalisés par l'ISO.  8, record 3, French, - carboxym%C3%A9thylcellulose

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Lorsqu'elle se présente sous la forme d'un sel de sodium, on la désigne par le nom de «carboxyméthylcellulose sodique».  6, record 3, French, - carboxym%C3%A9thylcellulose

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Éter del ácido glicólico de la celulosa.  2, record 3, Spanish, - carboximetilcelulosa

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Polímero semisintético. Polvo soluble en agua, incoloro, inodoro y atóxico. Reacciona con sales de los metales pesados para formar películas insolubles en agua, transparentes, duras e inalterables por materias orgánicas.  3, record 3, Spanish, - carboximetilcelulosa

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Thick-walled tubes about the diameter of a human hair. The tubes are made of a semipermeable material, such as cellulose, which confines large molecules while freely passing small ones.  2, record 4, English, - hollow%20fiber

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Since the enzyme molecule entrapped is not chemically modified, its kinetic behavior in the hollow fiber enzyme reactor could be expected to be the same as that of the free enzyme. However, with hollow fiber reactors in the first category the permeation of substrate into the membrane is often the rate-determining step.... Thus, the apparent Michaelis constant Km(app) is often larger than the K^m of the free enzyme. For example, a bacterial alkaline phosphatase entrapped in the outside region of a cellulose hollow fiber had a K^m(app) l 700 times larger than the K^m of the free enzyme.  3, record 4, English, - hollow%20fiber

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In the first hollow fiber enzyme reactor ... the enzyme solution was placed inside a fiber bundle, which was then temporarily sealed. The substrate solution was introduced to the container outside the hollow fibers. Substrate molecules passed through the fibers to be converted by the enzyme on the inside. Products diffused out.  2, record 4, English, - hollow%20fiber

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fibre constituée d'un matériau poreux (une membrane semi-perméable) dont le diamètre interne est de l'ordre du mm. Les enzymes peuvent y être piégées. Il suffit de remplir de telles fibres par une solution d'enzymes et de sceller leurs extrémités. Des artifices technologiques permettent d'obtenir immédiatement des réacteurs.  2, record 4, French, - fibre%20creuse

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fibres creuses présentent une grande surface d'échange (0,1 à 1,5 m₂) avec un encombrement minimum. La pression est fournie par la pompe qui envoie la solution à concentrer dans les fibres ou par l'application d'une dépression du côté du filtrat. La solution à concentrer circule dans les fibres, dans le premier cas. Dans le second cas, le filtrat est «pompé» à travers les fibres, à partir d'une solution agitée. Les vitesses d'ultrafiltration sont très élevées (on peut atteindre 1 à plusieurs litres par heure selon le nombre de fibres).  3, record 4, French, - fibre%20creuse

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Of great economic importance, cellulose is processed to produce papers and fibres and is chemically modified to yield substances used in the manufacture of such items as plastics, photographic films, and rayon. Other cellulose derivatives are used as adhesives, explosives, thickening agents for foods, and in moistureproof coatings.  4, record 5, English, - cellulose%20derivative

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Methyl cellulose is [a] cellulose derivative [used] as a thickener, emulsifier, in foods low in gluten, etc. Other cellulose derivatives with similar properties are methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl-cellulose.  5, record 5, English, - cellulose%20derivative

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] cellulose modifiée [...] est obtenue par substitution de certains groupements hydroxyles de la chaîne de cellulose par des molécules carbonées variées, ce qui modifie la structure cristalline de la cellulose et la rend dispersible en milieu aqueux, son caractère hydrophile étant plus ou moins accentué suivant le degré de substitution. Ces dérivés cellulosiques sont utilisés comme agents épaississants et gélifiants en technologie alimentaire. Les celluloses modifiées admises comme additifs alimentaires sont : la méthyl cellulose, l'éthyl cellulose, l'hydroxypropyl cellulose, l'hydroxypropylméthyl cellulose et la méthyléthyl cellulose.  1, record 5, French, - cellulose%20modifi%C3%A9e

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Si la réaction est hétérogène, le dérivé cellulosique [conserve] inaltéré l'aspect initial de la fibre et parfois également ses caractéristiques de résistance.  4, record 5, French, - cellulose%20modifi%C3%A9e

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Derivado de la celulosa obtenido sustituyendo por radicales apropiados de grupos hidróxilos a lo largo de la cadena de carbono.  1, record 5, Spanish, - celulosa%20modificada

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] polysaccharide that forms the supporting cell structure in plants [but] does not occur in animals. [It consists] of [a] long chain of glucose units. [It is] not digested in man or other monogastric animals, but serves a useful purpose in providing bulk for intestinal functioning.  2, record 6, English, - cellulose

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Acetylated cellulose is employed in reversed phase systems and other chemically modified forms are suitable for ion exchange chromatography.  3, record 6, English, - cellulose

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Matière fibreuse constituant la paroi des cellules végétales.  2, record 6, French, - cellulose

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'hydrolyse complète de la cellulose entraîne la formation de glucose. La résistance de la cellulose à la dissolution par des agents de défibrage et de blanchiment permet d'éliminer le maximum de lignine sans dégradation et d'obtenir ainsi des fibres composées principalement de cellulose, substance de base du papier fin.  3, record 6, French, - cellulose

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Polisacárido lineal formado por estos de D-glucopiranosa, unidos entre sí. Existe en las paredes celulares de las plantas, en la mayoría de algas y en ciertas especies de hongos. Algunos procarióticos producen microcápsulas de celulosa.  2, record 6, Spanish, - celulosa

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Products having modified chemical and physical properties, obtained by the action of comparatively mild chemical reagents on cellulose.  2, record 7, English, - modified%20cellulose

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cellulose dont les propriétés chimiques et physiques ont été modifiées par l'adjonction de réactifs.  2, record 7, French, - cellulose%20modifi%C3%A9e

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any material used in the internal sizing or surface sizing of paper and paperboard.  1, record 8, English, - sizing%20additive

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Typical agents are rosin, alum, alkaline size, glue, gelatin, starch, modified cellulose, synthetic resins, lattices and waxes.  1, record 8, English, - sizing%20additive

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A variety of enzymes have now been adsorbed to modified celluloses(DEAE) which, in two instances, have led to the development of major industrial-scale immobilized enzyme processes. In one case Tosa et al. brought to industrial scale a process in which various amino acylases adsorbed to DEAE cellulose or DEAE Sephadex are employed to convert tonnage quantities of synthetic DL amino acids to the biologically available L-form. Most recently, a process utilizing glucose isomerase adsorbed to DEAE cellulose has been patented and used in the full-scale conversion of corn syrup sugar to fructose.  1, record 9, English, - modified%20cellulose

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La chromatographie sur des celluloses modifiées est un procédé récent, qui a trouvé de nombreuses applications. Il existe deux types de celluloses : les échangeurs d'anions et les échangeurs de cations. Les plus employées sont la diéthylaminoéthyl-cellulose et la carboxyméthyl-cellulose (DEAE- et CM-cellulose).  1, record 9, French, - cellulose%20modifi%C3%A9e

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The first modified natural polymers, cellulose nitrate and casein-formaldehyde, were commercially produced about 1860, and the first fully synthetic polymer, phenol-formaldehyde, was made about 1910.  2, record 10, English, - synthetic%20polymer

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The terms polymer, high polymer, macromolecule, and giant molecule are used to designate high-molecular-weight materials of either synthetic or natural origin.  2, record 10, English, - synthetic%20polymer

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Élastomères. On appelle ainsi les polymères naturels ou synthétiques qui possèdent le comportement caractéristique du caoutchouc élastique (...)  1, record 10, French, - polym%C3%A8re%20synth%C3%A9tique

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«polymère artificiel» : Ce terme se trouve sous l'entrée "élastomère".  4, record 10, French, - polym%C3%A8re%20synth%C3%A9tique

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

«polymère pétrochimique» : On qualifie, arbitrairement à vrai dire, de pétrochimiques les polymères obtenus directement à partir d'un hydrocarbure pétrolier, à l'exclusion de synthèses plus complexes.  3, record 10, French, - polym%C3%A8re%20synth%C3%A9tique

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish