TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Financial disincentives make use of a monetary adjustment to reprimand the contractor for non-compliance. [There are] four types of financial disincentives : at-risk amounts, gain/pain sharing incentives, holdbacks, and liquidated damages.  1, record 1, English, - financial%20disincentive

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Implementation of the economic reform program began in the late 1980s, under direction of the International Monetary Fund(IMF) and the World Bank. A structural adjustment program was introduced in 1987 and an enhanced structural adjustment facility was implemented from 1992 to 1995.  1, record 2, English, - structural%20adjustment%20program

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mise en œuvre du programme de réforme économique a commencé à la fin des années 1980, sous la direction du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) et de la Banque mondiale. Un programme d’ajustement structurel a été lancé en 1987 et une facilité d’ajustement structurel renforcée (FASR) a été mise en place de 1992 à 1995.  1, record 2, French, - programme%20d%27ajustement%20structurel

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In some forms of current value accounting, an adjustment that reflects the extent to which the equity shareholders’ investment in a corporation is shielded from the effects of changing prices due to the existence of monetary liabilities.  3, record 3, English, - financing%20adjustment

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

financial adjustment: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’économie” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 3, English, - financing%20adjustment

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans une comptabilité au coût actuel, ajustement apporté au bénéfice pour refléter l'incidence des capitaux empruntés dans la détermination des montants distribuables aux actionnaires une fois assurée la préservation de la capacité d'exploitation de l'entreprise.  1, record 3, French, - ajustement%20au%20titre%20de%20la%20structure%20financi%C3%A8re

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cet ajustement a pour but d'éviter la sous-estimation du bénéfice distribuable puisque, dans la mesure où le remplacement des biens productifs de l'entreprise est au moins en partie financé au moyen d'emprunts, il n'est pas nécessaire de passer en résultat la totalité des augmentations de coûts attribuables à des hausses de prix pour assurer le maintien du capital fourni par les actionnaires.  1, record 3, French, - ajustement%20au%20titre%20de%20la%20structure%20financi%C3%A8re

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

redressement financier : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’économie» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 3, French, - ajustement%20au%20titre%20de%20la%20structure%20financi%C3%A8re

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As part of the IMF's [International Monetary Fund's] loan protocol, the borrower country must accept the conditions stipulated within structural adjustment policies...  2, record 4, English, - borrower%20country

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Récemment, les États-Unis ont suggéré, à propos de la situation des pays emprunteurs, une approche multilatérale montrant que le gouvernement américain est disposé à jouer un rôle de premier plan dans la mise au point d'un plan international de rétablissement de la solvabilité des pays emprunteurs.  2, record 4, French, - pays%20emprunteur

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Países prestatarios de la AIF [Asociación Internacional de Fomento]. El primer y más importante requisito para que un país pueda recibir apoyo de la AIF es la pobreza relativa de dicho país, definida como un ingreso nacional bruto (INB) per cápita por debajo del umbral establecido que se actualiza todos los años […]  1, record 4, Spanish, - pa%C3%ADs%20prestatario

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

While its(the International Monetary Fund) own resources remain relatively slim, its influence over the formulation of appropriate adjustment programs and the willingness of major creditors to continue their lending has been of enormous importance.  2, record 5, English, - adjustment%20program

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de mesures qu'un pays membre (du Fonds monétaire international) qui souhaite recevoir un prêt du FMI s'engage à mettre en œuvre pour redresser son économie.  1, record 5, French, - programme%20d%27ajustement

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme anglais ainsi que son équivalent et la définition française sont utilisés par le FMI. Renseignement fourni par le Chef de la Division française de traduction, au Fonds monétaire international (FMI).  1, record 5, French, - programme%20d%27ajustement

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[One of three monetary aggregates of the Canadian money supply which] consists of M-2 plus all non-personal term deposits in financial institutions, plus foreign-currency deposits of Canadian residents booked in Canada. It does not include fixed-term interbank deposits or an exchange-rate adjustment.  2, record 6, English, - M3

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The other two monetary aggregates are M1 and M2.  3, record 6, English, - M3

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agrégat monétaire qui englobe M2 plus les dépôts non personnels à termes dans les institutions financières et les dépôts en devises de résidants Canadiens. M3 n'inclut pas les dépôts à terme fixe interbancaires ou un ajustement du taux de change.  2, record 6, French, - M3

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Autres agrégats monétaires : M1, M2.  2, record 6, French, - M3

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Following several years of adjustment in the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, advanced economies should see stronger growth owing to : maintenance of highly accommodative monetary conditions...  1, record 7, English, - accommodative%20monetary%20condition

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

accommodative monetary condition: term usually used in the plural.  2, record 7, English, - accommodative%20monetary%20condition

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Après plusieurs années d’ajustements à la suite de la récession de 2008-2009, la croissance des économies avancées se renforcera, en raison : du maintien de conditions monétaires très accommodantes [...]  1, record 7, French, - condition%20mon%C3%A9taire%20accommodante

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

condition monétaire accommodante : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, record 7, French, - condition%20mon%C3%A9taire%20accommodante

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In addition to current costs for inventory... companies were to disclose a much-debated financing adjustment, the gain or loss in general purchasing power resulting from holding net monetary items, and the changes in the current cost of inventory and fixed assets attributable to inflation.  1, record 8, English, - net%20monetary%20items

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On November 22, 1999, the IMF [International Monetary Fund] transformed its Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility(ESAF) into the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility(PRGF) and expanded the facility's objectives to support programs that substantially strengthen balance of payments positions and make them sustainable, while fostering durable growth.  3, record 9, English, - Poverty%20Reduction%20and%20Growth%20Facility

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le 22 novembre 1999, le FMI [Fonds monétaire international] a transformé sa Facilité d'ajustement structurel renforcée (FASR) en Facilité pour la réduction de la pauvreté et la croissance (FRPC) et a étoffé les objectifs de la facilité pour appuyer des programmes qui renforcent substantiellement les positions de balance des paiements et les rendent viables, tout en favorisant une croissance durable.  3, record 9, French, - Facilit%C3%A9%20pour%20la%20r%C3%A9duction%20de%20la%20pauvret%C3%A9%20et%20la%20croissance

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[An] IMF [International Monetary Fund] facility set up in parallel to the structural Adjustment Facility.  3, record 10, English, - Enhanced%20Structural%20Adjustment%20Facility

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It is intended to help the poorest member countries undertake strong three-year macroeconomic and structural programs to improve their balance of payments positions and foster growth.  3, record 10, English, - Enhanced%20Structural%20Adjustment%20Facility

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

self-sustained, self-financing ESAF.  4, record 10, English, - Enhanced%20Structural%20Adjustment%20Facility

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

FASR auto-financée, auto-alimentée.  3, record 10, French, - Facilit%C3%A9%20d%27ajustement%20structurel%20renforc%C3%A9e

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Special Program of Assistance for Africa(SPA) was established in 1987 as a response to the economic crises of the debt-distressed countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. An informal association of donors, the SPA was intended to support the countries structural adjustment programs with the International Development Association and the International Monetary Fund. The SPA did respond to the challenge. Free of the restrictive formality of other fora, donors were able to test ideas and develop a mutual understanding. High-level donor representation provided the opportunity for meaningful interactions with World Bank and IMF policy makers. The SPA helped to channel substantial quick-disbursing aid. Through peer pressure, it improved donor procedures. It broadened its agenda to address structural impediments to broad-based development. It provided a platform for frank and open exchanges on Africa's economic and social policy issues. It facilitated a convergence of development assistance goals and practices while preserving flexibility.  1, record 11, English, - Special%20Program%20of%20Assistance%20for%20Africa

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le Programme spécial d'assistance à l'Afrique (PSA) a été lancé en 1987 en réaction à la crise économique qui sévissait dans les pays lourdement endettés d'Afrique subsaharienne. Association informelle de donateurs, il visait à soutenir les programmes d'ajustement structurel de ces pays conjointement avec l'Association internationale de développement et le Fonds monétaire international. Le PSA a relevé le défi. Exempt du formalisme contraignant des autres instances, il a permis de tester des idées nouvelles et de développer la compréhension mutuelle entre les donateurs. Grâce à une représentation de haut niveau, ceux-ci ont pu avoir des échanges constructifs avec les responsables de la Banque mondiale et du FMI. Le PSA a permis d'acheminer une aide à décaissement rapide importante. Sous la pression des pairs, les donateurs ont amélioré leurs procédures. Le programme d'action a été élargi pour tenter de résoudre les problèmes structurels qui font obstacle au développement général. Le PSA a servi de base à des échanges francs et ouverts sur les questions économiques et sociales qui se posent en Afrique. Il a favorisé la convergence des buts et des pratiques en matière d'aide au développement tout en préservant la flexibilité.  1, record 11, French, - Programme%20sp%C3%A9cial%20d%27assistance%20%C3%A0%20l%27Afrique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The World Bank Groups (usually called "The World Bank") is the largest multilateral development institution in the World. Its overarching goal is to help its member developing countries reduce poverty. The primary method of achieving this goal is to make loans that support development projects to borrower governments. In addition to its lending program, the World Bank provides technical assistance to its borrowing members and conducts extensive research on development topics.  2, record 12, English, - multilateral%20institution

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Camdessus noted that an IMF [International Monetary Fund] team was in Bangkok working with the authorities to further develop the package into a multiyear adjustment program that could be supported by IMF resources. He said he was in close touch with governments in the region and multilateral institutions to put together a supplementary financing package in support of the policy efforts of the Thai authorities.  3, record 12, English, - multilateral%20institution

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Groupe de la Banque mondiale (appelé couramment «Banque mondiale» est la plus grande institution multilatérale de développement au monde. Son objectif fondamental est d'aider ses pays membres en développement à réduire la pauvreté. La principale méthode pour y arriver consiste à consentir des prêts à l'apui des projets de développement des gouvernements emprunteurs. Outre son programme de prêts, la Banque mondiale offre une assistance technique aux gouvernements emprunteurs et déploie un vaste programme de recherche sur des sujets liés au développement.  2, record 12, French, - institution%20multilat%C3%A9rale

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Camdessus señaló que funcionarios del FMI se encontraban en Bangkok trabajando con las autoridades para formular un programa de ajuste plurianual que pueda respaldarse con recursos de la institución. Afirmó que se mantiene en contacto directo con gobiernos de la región e instituciones multilaterales para diseñar un plan de financiamiento complementario que permita respaldar la iniciativa de las autoridades.  2, record 12, Spanish, - instituci%C3%B3n%20multilateral

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Established by IMF [International Monetary Fund] in February 1997; ESAF=Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility.  1, record 13, English, - Trust%20for%20Special%20ESAF%20Operations%20for%20the%20HIPC%20and%20Interim%20ESAF%20Subsidy%20Operations

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The review found that technical assistance need not be linked to IMF-supported adjustment programs. Successful instances could be found in countries that had initiated strong adjustment efforts without IMF [International Monetary Fund] financing.  1, record 14, English, - successful%20instance

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À l'examen, il est apparu que l'assistance technique n'a pas besoin d'être reliée à un programme d'ajustement appuyé par le FMI. On a pu trouver des cas de réussite dans les pays qui avaient entrepris de vigoureux efforts d'ajustement sans l'appui financier du [Fonds monétaire international] FMI.  1, record 14, French, - r%C3%A9ussite

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Series of successful programs since 1983; last IMF(International Monetary Fund) Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility ended March 1992; informal economic monitoring requested.  1, record 15, English, - economic%20monitoring

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Depuis 1983, série de programmes réussis avec le FMI (Fonds Monétaire International); dernière facilité d'ajustement structurel élargie, terminée en mars 1992; demande de surveillance économique informelle.  1, record 15, French, - surveillance%20%C3%A9conomique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Zimbabwe has a favourable standing in the IMF(International Monetary Fund) in 1992. This resulted in the approval of Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility and Extended Arrangements it had requested.  1, record 16, English, - favourable%20standing

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cependant, Le Zimbabwe jouissait d'une bonne position auprès du FMI (Fonds Monétaire International) en 1992, résultat de l'approbation de la facilité d'ajustement structurel élargie et des dispositions élargies que le pays avait sollicitées.  1, record 16, French, - bonne%20position

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

While the appropriation is charged at the time the advance is made it is charged only as an advance and not as a payment.(...) At this time the charge as an advance is cancelled and a monetary adjustment may be necessary by a refund or additional disbursement according to whether expenditures have been less than or greater than the amount of the advance.  1, record 17, English, - monetary%20adjustment

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Where advances are made from annual appropriations they are required by Section 31 of the Act [Financial Administration Act] to be charged to the appropriation. While the appropriation is charged at the time the advance is made, it is charged only as an advance and not as a payment. The charge as a payment comes after the relevant expenditures have been made from the advance, all the necessary documentation is available to enable the payment to be requisitioned and the required certifications to be made under Sections 26 and 27 of the Act. At this time the charge as an advance is cancelled and a monetary adjustment may be necessary by a refund or additional disbursement according to whether expenditures have been less than or greater than the amount of the advance.  1, record 18, English, - charge%20as%20an%20advance

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish