TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Physicians for Global Survival(PGS) : PGS, a charitable organization formed in 1980, is the Canadian affiliate of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War(IPPNW), which is the only international medical organization dedicated to preventing nuclear war. PGS recognizes that the catastrophic health and environmental consequences of a nuclear war are at the extreme end of a continuum of armed violence that undermines health and security. IPPNW and PGS are committed to studying the root causes of armed conflict from a public health perspective and to educating others. PGS promotes nonviolent means of conflict resolution and social justice in a sustainable world. Through examination of the connections between nuclear weapons and nuclear energy, PGS and IPPNW, are now concerned about global energy sustainability and climate change issues.  2, record 1, English, - Physicians%20for%20Global%20Survival%20%28Canada%29

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Médecins pour la survie mondiale (MSM) : MSM est une organisation charitable fondée en 1980, affiliée canadienne de l'Association internationale de médecins pour la prévention de la guerre nucléaire (I.P.P.N.W.), seule organisation médicale internationale vouée à prévenir la guerre nucléaire. M.S.M. promeut les moyens non violents de résolution du conflit et la justice sociale dans un monde durable. À travers l'examen des relations existantes entre les armes nucléaires et l'énergie nucléaire, M.S.M. et I.P.P.N.W. se soucient maintenant de la durabilité de l'énergie globale et des problèmes dus au changement climatique.  2, record 1, French, - M%C3%A9decins%20pour%20la%20survie%20mondiale%20%28Canada%29

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A person] who has personal... survival as a primary goal in the face of difficulty, opposition, and especially the threat of natural catastrophe, nuclear war, or societal collapse.  3, record 2, English, - survivalist

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Personne qui se prépare activement à faire face à des situations d'urgence telles qu'une catastrophe naturelle, une guerre nucléaire ou l'effondrement de la société.  2, record 2, French, - survivaliste

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Persona que se prepara, en ocasiones de forma exagerada, para una hipotética catástrofe [o que teme] situaciones de desabastecimiento.  1, record 2, Spanish, - preparacionista

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

preparacionista: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que "preparacionista" es una alternativa al anglicismo "prepper", y que, aunque no aparece en los diccionarios principales, está bien construido, por analogía con voces como "sensacionalista", "belicista", "tremendista" o "abolicionista".  1, record 2, Spanish, - preparacionista

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

survivalista: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que se desaconseja el empleo del término "survivalista" por resultar oscuro en español y por disponer ya del vocablo "preparacionista", más transparente.  1, record 2, Spanish, - preparacionista

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The nuclear blitz that never was.... Top secret files have been uncovered in Hungary revealing which European cities would have been obliterated if a nuclear war had broken out between NATO and the Warsaw Pact in the 1960s, at the height of the Cold War.  2, record 3, English, - nuclear%20blitzkrieg

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La ville] couverte par le bruit des bombardements «classiques», venons-nous d'assister en direct à la première guerre éclair nucléaire?  1, record 3, French, - guerre%20%C3%A9clair%20nucl%C3%A9aire

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

guerra relámpago: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que, en español, puede utilizarse la construcción "guerra relámpago", pues, como indica el "Diccionario de la lengua española", el término "relámpago" usado como aposición denota "rapidez, carácter repentino o brevedad".  3, record 3, Spanish, - guerra%20rel%C3%A1mpago%20nuclear

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

blitzkrieg: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que, si se quiere mantener el préstamo del germanismo "blitzkrieg", lo adecuado es escribirlo en minúsculas, ya que, a pesar de que en alemán los sustantivos se escriben en mayúscula, se trata de una norma ajena a la ortografía del español. Además, se escribe en cursiva o entre comillas cuando no se dispone de este tipo de letra. En cuanto al género, se suele construir como femenino (la "blitzkrieg"), por entenderse que el referente en español es "guerra".  3, record 3, Spanish, - guerra%20rel%C3%A1mpago%20nuclear

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

SPMD is a non-partisan, non-idealogical research, education and action organization promoting arms control and disarmament to increase international security and prevent nuclear war.  1, record 4, English, - University%20of%20British%C2%A0Columbia%20Students%20for%20Peace%20and%20Mutual%C2%A0Disarmament

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This film records a lecture given to students by outspoken nuclear critic, Dr. Helen Caldicott, president of Physicians for Social Responsibility in the United States. Her message is clear, disarmement cannot be postponed. Archival film footage of the bombing of Hiroshima and images of its survivors seven months after the attack heighten the urgency of her message : namely, that unless we shake off our indifference and work to prevent nuclear war, we stand a slim chance of surviving the 20th century.  1, record 5, English, - If%20you%20love%20this%20planet

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le titre de ce film aurait pu tenir dans un cri : S.O.S. Terre! L'arsenal nucléaire actuel est tel que bien des sources autorisées doutent, en effet, que l'humanité atteigne l'an 2000! Dans une conférence filmée en 1981, la docteure Helen Caldicott relève les calculs de probabilité les plus connus («une chance sur deux d'ici à 1985» ce sont les prévisions de l'état-major américain confirmées par l'université Harvard et le Massachusetts Institute of Technology) et la «chronique des erreurs» (les ordinateurs du Pentagone se seraient trompés 151 fois en 18 mois!  1, record 5, French, - Si%20cette%20plan%C3%A8te%20vous%20tient%20%C3%A0%20c%26oelig%3Bur

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In general terms, WINTEX was to exercise and evaluate government and national military command procedures in a crisis scenario leading up to mobilization and limited nuclear war.  3, record 6, English, - Exercise%20WINTEX

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'exercice WINTEX visait en gros à appliquer et à évaluer les techniques de commandement du gouvernement et du commandement militaire national dans un scénario de crise menant à une mobilisation et à une guerre nucléaire limitée.  1, record 6, French, - exercice%20WINTEX

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An intentional or unintentional disaster that is the direct result of a human act or the failure of a man-made system.  2, record 7, English, - man%2Dmade%20disaster

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Man-made disasters can be caused by sociological and criminal hazards(arson, civil disorder, act of terrorism, war) or technological hazards(industrial hazards, structural collapse, power outages, fire, hazardous materials) or stem from a chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear incident.  2, record 7, English, - man%2Dmade%20disaster

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

man-made disaster; anthropogenic disaster: Not to be confused with "technological disaster." The latter term refers to a type of man-made disaster.  3, record 7, English, - man%2Dmade%20disaster

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

man-made disaster: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  4, record 7, English, - man%2Dmade%20disaster

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

man-made disaster; anthropogenic disaster: terms and definition standardized by the Canadian Capability-Based Planning Terminology Committee and the Translation Bureau.  3, record 7, English, - man%2Dmade%20disaster

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Catastrophe intentionnelle ou non intentionnelle qui résulte directement d'une action humaine ou d'une défaillance d'un système créé par l'homme.  2, record 7, French, - catastrophe%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20l%27homme

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les catastrophes causées par l'homme peuvent résulter de dangers d'ordre sociologique ou criminel (incendie criminel, désordre civil, acte terroriste, guerre) ou de dangers technologiques (dangers industriels, effondrement de structure, panne d'électricité, incendie, matières dangereuses), ou peuvent être issues d'un incident chimique, biologique, radiologique ou nucléaire.  2, record 7, French, - catastrophe%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20l%27homme

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

catastrophe causée par l'homme; catastrophe anthropique; catastrophe de cause humaine; catastrophe d'origine humaine : ne pas confondre avec catastrophe technologique. Ce dernier terme désigne une catégorie de catastrophes causées par l'homme.  4, record 7, French, - catastrophe%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20l%27homme

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

catastrophe causée par l'homme : terme uniformisé par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  5, record 7, French, - catastrophe%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20l%27homme

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

catastrophe causée par l'homme; catastrophe anthropique; catastrophe de cause humaine : termes et définition normalisés par le Comité de terminologie de la planification axée sur les capacités au Canada et le Bureau de la traduction.  4, record 7, French, - catastrophe%20caus%C3%A9e%20par%20l%27homme

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

catástrofe provocada por el hombre: término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  4, record 7, Spanish, - cat%C3%A1strofe%20causada%20por%20el%20hombre

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... applied ethics involves examining specific controversial issues, such as abortion, infanticide, animal rights, environmental concerns, homosexuality, capital punishment, or nuclear war. By using the conceptual tools of metaethics and normative ethics, discussions in applied ethics try to resolve these controversial issues.  2, record 8, English, - applied%20ethics

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'étude de nouveaux problèmes moraux [depuis les années 60] a donné naissance à un nouveau champ, l'éthique appliquée. On le désigne ainsi pour traduire l'importance accordée aux situations concrètes […] l'objectif est de préparer le terrain pour évaluer les différentes options du point de vue des valeurs et principes moraux.  2, record 8, French, - %C3%A9thique%20appliqu%C3%A9e

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A deserted town with few or no remaining inhabitants.  1, record 9, English, - ghost%20town

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A town often becomes a ghost town because the economic activity that supported it has failed, or due to natural or human-caused disasters such as floods, government actions, uncontrolled lawlessness, war, or nuclear disasters. The term can sometimes refer to cities, towns, and neighborhoods which are still populated, but significantly less so than in years past; for example those affected by high levels of unemployment and dereliction.  2, record 9, English, - ghost%20town

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another approach canvassed in the study is to take the initiative and propose a meeting of "experts" to discuss only one proposal, namely a five-power agreement to guard against accidental nuclear war.  2, record 10, English, - five%2Dpower%20agreement

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Canada's export control guidelines were adopted as a national regime consistent with our international obligations as specified by COCOM(the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Strategic Export Controls) of which Canada had been a member since 1950. COCOM was originally intended to preserve Western technological superiority by reducing the flow of military, dual-use and nuclear technologies from Western industrial nations to the Soviet bloc and other Communist countries. COCOM was abolished on March 31, 1994, and has been replaced by a modified agreement. Named after the town of Wassenaar, outside The Hague, where five rounds of negotiations took place between 1993 and 1995, the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-use Goods and Technologies is intended to provide a framework for addressing the new security threats of the post-Cold War world.  3, record 11, English, - Coordinating%20Committee%20for%20Multilateral%20Strategic%20Export%20Controls

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les lignes directrices du Canada portant sur le contrôle des exportations ont été adoptées sous la forme d'un régime national conforme aux obligations internationales du Canada précisées par le Comité de coordination du contrôle des échanges stratégiques (COCOM), dont le Canada est membre depuis 1950. Le COCOM avait au départ pour mandat de préserver la supériorité technologique de l'Occident en réduisant l'exportation des technologies militaires, nucléaires et à double usage des nations industrielles occidentales vers l'Union soviétique et d'autres pays communistes. Le COCOM a été aboli le 31 mars 1994 et remplacé par une entente modifiée. L'Arrangement de Wassenaar relatif au contrôle multilatéral des exportations pour les armes conventionnelles et les marchandises et technologies à double usage (d'après la ville du même nom située à proximité de la Haye, où cinq séries de négociations ont eu lieu entre 1993 et 1995), vise à fournir un cadre permettant de faire échec aux nouvelles menaces à la sécurité dans le monde de l'après-guerre froide.  3, record 11, French, - Comit%C3%A9%20de%20coordination%20du%20contr%C3%B4le%20des%20%C3%A9changes%20strat%C3%A9giques

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

UK accepts a first-use policy. That means that, in certain circumstances, it is prepared to use nuclear weapons first. Under the Conservative Government there was a policy of using nuclear weapons to protect Britain's ’vital interests’. That policy hs never been changed. In the build-up to the Iraq war in 2003, Defence Secretary Geoff Hoon said that the UK would use nuclear weapons if its troops were attacked with chemical or biological weapons.  2, record 12, English, - first%20use%20policy

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics oppose the proliferation of nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, missiles capable of carrying such weapons, and certain other missiles and missile technologies. The more nations that possess such weapons, the more difficult it will be to realize the desire of people everywhere to achieve effective arms control and disarmament measures and to reduce the threat of war. Weapons proliferation can provoke or intensify insecurity and hostility among nations, and threatens mankind with warfare of unprecedented destructiveness.  1, record 13, English, - Joint%20Statement%20on%20Non%2DProliferation

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The initial employment of specific military measures, such as nuclear weapons, during the conduct of a war.  2, record 14, English, - first%20use

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A belligerent could execute a second strike in response to aggression, yet be the first to employ nuclear weapons.  2, record 14, English, - first%20use

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the long-standing NATO policy that nuclear weapons, and implicity the threat of their first use, make "the risks of any aggression incalculable and unacceptable" by denying potential aggressors any certainty about the "nature of the Allies’ response to military aggression."  3, record 14, English, - first%20use

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[... la Russie ne saurait exclure le principe d'un emploi en premier de l'arme nucléaire.  2, record 14, French, - emploi%20en%20premier

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The proposed NATO strategy forward on force attack, also known as deep strike is based on the assumption of a winnable nuclear war.  2, record 15, English, - deep%20strike

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

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Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In their view, a builddown of offense and a buildup of defense(whether cooperative or not) could lead to a transition from mutual assured destruction(MAD) to mutually assured survival(MAS) which should be a more stable world without the dangers of first strike, unintentional nuclear war and nuclear attack by small nuclear powers.  2, record 16, English, - mutually%20assured%20survival

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Instead of trying to negotiate balance within the "balance of terror" that will hang over the heads of generations to come, let’s negotiate to see if we can make mutually assured survival work. It’s far less provocative for both sides to be building castle walls than for both sides to be amassing cannon.  3, record 16, English, - mutually%20assured%20survival

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

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Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A military and political confrontation between the U. S. and U. S. S. R. that led both countries to the brink of nuclear war [in 1962].  1, record 17, English, - Cuban%20missile%20crisis

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La crise des missiles cubains était le plus près que le monde a jamais vu d'une guerre nucléaire.  1, record 17, French, - crise%20des%20missiles

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fundamental purpose of the nuclear forces of the Allies is political : to preserve peace and prevent coercion and any kind of war. They will continue to fulfil an essential role by ensuring uncertainty in the mind of any aggressor about the nature of the Allies’ response to military aggression. They demonstrate that aggression of any kind is not a rational option. The supreme guarantee of the security of the Allies is provided by the strategic nuclear forces of the Alliance...  2, record 18, English, - nuclear%20force

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'objectif fondamental des forces nucléaires des Alliés est politique : préserver la paix et prévenir la coercition ainsi que toute forme de guerre. Elles continueront à jouer un rôle essentiel en maintenant tout agresseur dans le doute quant à la façon dont les Alliés riposteraient en cas d'agression militaire. Elles démontrent qu'une agression, quelle qu'en soit la forme, n'est pas une option rationnelle. La garantie suprême de la sécurité des Alliés est apportée par les forces nucléaires stratégiques de l'Alliance [...]  2, record 18, French, - force%20nucl%C3%A9aire

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El objetivo fundamental de las fuerzas nucleares de los aliados es político: preservar la paz y prevenir la coacción, así como cualquier forma de guerra. Seguirán desempeñando un papel esencial al mantener en la incertidumbre a cualquier agresor en cuanto al modo como responderán los aliados en caso de agresión militar. Demuestran que ninguna clase de agresión constituye una opción racional. La garantía suprema de la seguridad de los aliados la constituyen las fuerzas nucleares estratégicas de la Alianza [...]  1, record 18, Spanish, - fuerza%20nuclear

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The U. S. contingency plan for strategic retaliatory strikes in event of a nuclear war. Targets, timing, tactics, and force requirements are considered for a variety of responses. Prepared by the Joint Strategic Target Planning Staff, which is collocated with SAC Headquarters at Offutt AFB outside Omaha, Nebraska.  2, record 19, English, - Single%20Integrated%20Operational%20Plan

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The end of the Cold War saw significant progress in beginning to reduce nuclear arsenals under the bilateral US-Russia START process and near-universal political commitment... to the continued reduction and eventual elimination of nuclear weapons. With the end of the danger of all-out nuclear war, public and political attention understandably turned to other issues. The past several years have therefore seen progress stall...  1, record 20, English, - all%2Dout%20nuclear%20war

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À la fin de la guerre froide, d'importants progrès ont été accomplis au titre de la réduction des arsenaux nucléaires, dans le contexte du traité bilatéral START entre les États-Unis et la Russie et à la suite de l'engagement politique quasi universel [...] de poursuivre la réduction et, finalement, l'élimination des armes nucléaires. Le danger d'une guerre nucléaire totale s'étant dissipé, l'attention du public et des gouvernements s'est portée ailleurs. C'est ainsi que ces dernières années, on a constaté un ralentissement des progrès [...]  1, record 20, French, - guerre%20nucl%C3%A9aire%20totale

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Constructed over a two year period when nuclear fear was at its zenith, the Central Emergency Government Headquarters began operation in 1961. Intended to be a secret relocation centre for government leaders, civil servants and military personnel in the event of a nuclear war, it quickly became the focus of media and public speculation.  3, record 21, English, - Central%20Emergency%20Government%20Headquarters

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The Central Emergency Government Headquarters was built at Carp near Ottawa with a transmitting station a few miles away. Essentially a hardened concrete box of four levels, surrounded by a gravel envelope and buried in sandy soil, the Central Headquarters (irrevently referred to as the Diefenbunker) was capable of withstanding a 5 megaton hydrogen bomb blast with a ground zero at 1.1 miles.  4, record 21, English, - Central%20Emergency%20Government%20Headquarters

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

At the end of the Gulf War, the UN determined that Iraq should not own or be able to build weapons of mass destruction. Therefore, UNSCOM was created to oversee the destruction not only of Iraq's nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, but also the facilities which manufactured them.  3, record 22, English, - United%20Nations%20Special%20Commission%20on%20Iraq

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

À la fin de la guerre du Golfe, l'ONU a établi que l'Iraq ne devrait pas posséder ni pouvoir construire d'armes de destruction massive. Par conséquent, la CSNU a été créée pour superviser la destruction non seulement des armes nucléaires, biologiques et chimiques de l'Iraq, mais aussi celles des installations qui les produisaient.  1, record 22, French, - Commission%20sp%C3%A9ciale%20des%20Nations%20Unies%20sur%20l%27Iraq

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agreement reached in 1864 in Geneva, Switzerland relating to the behaviour of belligerent nations in the event of a war. The Geneva Convention has been signed by almost every country in the World.  2, record 23, English, - Geneva%20Convention

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In common usage, one of a series of codifications of international humanitarian law... The conventions define approved behaviour with respect to non-combatants, prisoners of war and populations under military occupation; they also outlaw the use of certain weapons such as barbed arrows, dum-dum bullets, as well as chemical and biological agents. They do not outlaw the use of nuclear weapons.  3, record 23, English, - Geneva%20Convention

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Geneva Convention: term and definition reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial.  4, record 23, English, - Geneva%20Convention

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 3 OBS

There are four, plus additional protocols.  5, record 23, English, - Geneva%20Convention

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Accord signé par pratiquement tous les pays du monde en 1864 dans la ville suisse de Genève sur le comportement des nations en guerre.  1, record 23, French, - Convention%20de%20Gen%C3%A8ve

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convention de Genève : terme et définition extraits du CAPITAL Business Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial.  2, record 23, French, - Convention%20de%20Gen%C3%A8ve

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Acuerdo alcanzado en 1864 en la ciudad suiza de Ginebra sobre el comportamiento de las naciones beligerantes en caso de guerra. La Convención de Ginebra ha sido firmada prácticamente por todos los países del mundo.  2, record 23, Spanish, - Convenci%C3%B3n%20de%20Ginebra

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convención de Ginebra: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 23, Spanish, - Convenci%C3%B3n%20de%20Ginebra

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A strategic concept which excludes preemptive and preventive actions before the onset of a war. After an aggressor initiates hostilities, the defender retaliates. In general nuclear war, this implies the ability to survive a surprise first strike and respond effectively.  2, record 24, English, - second%20strike

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Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Composed of international scientists, to study the effects of nuclear war on health; WHO [World Health Organization].  1, record 25, English, - WHO%20Management%20Group

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

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Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Verification which must be able to detect violations or other adversary actions that make a significant difference in the chances of nuclear war or its likely outcome or in the power positions of the adversaries.  1, record 26, English, - military%20verification

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Issued by the World Dialogue on the Prevention of Nuclear War, for Disarmament and Peace.  1, record 27, English, - Toronto%20Appeal

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Publié par le Dialogue mondial sur la prévention de la guerre nucléaire, pour le désarmement et la paix.  1, record 27, French, - L%27Appel%20de%20Toronto

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A rank ordering of actions in terms of the threat and application of force. The lower "rungs" represent minor threats or military actions, and the higher rungs represent nuclear war.  1, record 28, English, - escalation%20ladder%2E

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish