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NUMERICAL ANOMALY [3 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 1999-12-06
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Climate Change
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- signal-to-noise ratio
1, record 1, English, signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
- SNR 2, record 1, English, SNR
correct
- S/N 3, record 1, English, S%2FN
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A ratio that measures the comprehensibility of data, usually expressed as the signal power divided by the noise power, usually expressed in decibels (dB). 2, record 1, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The detection problem can be viewed in terms of the concept of the signal-to-noise ratio, i.e. one can claim to have detected a change in climate once the signal (e.g. the increasing temperature) has risen appreciably above the background noise level (e.g. natural variability of temperature). 4, record 1, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Signal-to-noise ratio.... For first detection of a CO2-induced climate change, the model signal is the mean change or anomaly in some climatic variable, usually surface air temperature, attributed by a numerical model to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide. Observed noise is the standard deviation or natural variability computed from observations of that variable and adjusted for sample size, autocorrelation, and time averaging. 5, record 1, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Signal-to-noise ratio ... For MODIS, the ratio between (1) typical cloud free scene brightness with solar zenith angle Z=70 deg, and (2) all sensor and processing noise contributions. S/N specifications for various scenes (e.g., land, clouds, oceans, ice) are only applicable in the filter bands associated with those scenes. 3, record 1, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Changements climatiques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- rapport signal à bruit
1, record 1, French, rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
correct, see observation, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
WIND (Wind INfrared Doppler lidar) a pour but de déterminer la vitesse d'aérosol a basse altitude (1 à 10 km) à partir d'un lidar embarqué. [...] La contribution de l'équipe a été de proposer des algorithmes robustes de détection et d'estimation de la fréquence Doppler. Compte tenu du rapport signal à bruit (RSB) «important», supérieur à -5 dB, une modélisation approximative (notch filter) du signal lidar suffit pour obtenir des résultats satisfaisants. [...] La réalisation de l'instrument est à la charge du Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD). 1, record 1, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Théorie de la détection du signal : dans cette théorie, on décrit le «signal» (stimulus à identifier ou souvenir à reconnaître) comme une distribution statistique sur un ensemble de valeurs d'abscisse, et le «bruit» (autres stimulations ou autres souvenirs) de la même façon; ce sont les relations entre ces distributions, et les critères de décision adoptés par le sujet, qui gouvernent la détection. 2, record 1, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Cette théorie qui connaît différentes applications, en radiotélécommunication notamment mais aussi en sismologie, est également utilisée en climatologie; chacune de ces sciences a établi des critères précis afin de l'utiliser à ses propres fins. Le climat subit des variations qui répondent à des cycles connus et que la statistique permet de distinguer; les climatologues croient que ces bruits, les variations naturelles, s'ils sont d'abord identifiés permettront ensuite de laisser voir le véritable signal confirmant que l'effet de serre anthropique est bien en cours. 3, record 1, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS
De façon générale, toutes les expressions utilisées en radiotélécommunication, pour désigner la notion spécifique à ce domaine, pourraient aussi s'employer en climatologie : rapport signal/bruit, signal sur bruit, entre signal et bruit, etc. 3, record 1, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 1999-06-21
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Climate Change
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- noise level
1, record 2, English, noise%20level
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
It is clear from signal-to-noise ratio arguments that detection will be hastened if the noise level can be reduced. This can be achieved using some form of regression analysis with CO2 variations and other climate forcing factors as predictors. 1, record 2, English, - noise%20level
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Signal-to-noise ratio : A quantitative measure of the statistical detectability of a signal, expressed as a ratio of the magnitude of the signal relative to the variability. For first detection of a CO2-induced climate change, the model signal is the mean change or anomaly in some climatic variable, usually surface air temperature, attributed by a numerical model to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide. Observed noise is the standard deviation or natural variability computed from observations of that variable and adjusted for sample size, autocorrelation, and time averaging. 2, record 2, English, - noise%20level
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Changements climatiques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- niveau de bruit
1, record 2, French, niveau%20de%20bruit
proposal, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Théorie de la détection du signal : dans cette théorie, on décrit le «signal» (stimulus à identifier ou souvenir à reconnaître) comme une distribution statistique sur un ensemble de valeurs d'abscisse, et le «bruit» (autres stimulations ou autres souvenirs) de la même façon; ce sont les relations entre ces distribution, et les critères de décision adoptés par le sujet, qui gouvernent la détection. 2, record 2, French, - niveau%20de%20bruit
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 1986-08-13
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- numerical anomalies
1, record 3, English, numerical%20anomalies
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
There are in fact two main categories of chromosal anomaly :numerical and structural. 1, record 3, English, - numerical%20anomalies
Record 3, Key term(s)
- numerical anomaly
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- anomalies numériques
1, record 3, French, anomalies%20num%C3%A9riques
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- anomalies de nombre 1, record 3, French, anomalies%20de%20nombre
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Anomalies qui consistent en l'excès ou en la perte d'un ou de quelques chromosomes autosomes ou sexuels. 1, record 3, French, - anomalies%20num%C3%A9riques
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
(Influence des facteurs cytogénétiques dans l'avortement spontané) A côté des anomalies numériques très fréquentes, il peut s'en produire aussi dans la structure des chromosomes. 1, record 3, French, - anomalies%20num%C3%A9riques
Record 3, Key term(s)
- anomalie numérique
- anomalie de nombre
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
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