TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Normalized frequency(V Number). A mathematical expression characterizing a fiber in terms of its essential data(core diameter, numerical aperture) and the wavelength. Important parameters such as number of modes, mode field diameter, cutoff wavelength, propagation constant and chromatic dispersion can be calculated using V number.  1, record 1, English, - normalized%20frequency

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Paramètre servant à déterminer le nombre moyen de modes de propagation pouvant coexister dans une fibre optique.  2, record 1, French, - fr%C3%A9quence%20normalis%C3%A9e

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

"atomic mass unit": An arbitrarily defined unit in terms of which the masses of individual atoms are expressed: the standard is the unit of mass equal to 1/12 the mass of the carbon atom, having as nucleus the isotope with mass number 12.  7, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 DEF

"atomic mass unit" : For an element, it is the number which specifies how many times heavier one atom of the element is than one atom of hydrogen. The atomic mass unit is the unit of measure of the mass particle(atom, molecule, ion, etc.). The numerical value of the mass of a particle in amu, s is identical with the older atomic weight. The symbol is m_u=1 u and in vaccuum technology the value of this constant is 1. 66056 X 10^-27kg.  8, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The nucleus of an atom is made up of neutrons and protons. The total mass of the neutrons and protons along with the electrons gives the mass of the atom. ... Because this value is so small, a new unit of weight, the atomic weight unit (awu), is often used to express the weights of atoms. It is defined as 1/12 the weight of carbon atoms.  2, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Prior to Sept. 8, 1960, natural oxygen, a mixture of isotopes, served as the standard of reference with an assigned atomic weight of 16.0000 exactly.  2, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Historically the term "atomic weight unit" was the chemists’ standard of reference for atomic weight and it was based on the weight of natural oxygen. "Atomic mass unit" was the term preferred by physicists and it was based on the oxygen-16 isotope. (See FREMA, 1960, p. 58 and MHECH, 1983, p. 171).  9, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

The term "dalton", which is defined as 1/16th the mass of oxygen-16, is rarely used nowadays in referring to atomic mass unit because oxygen no longer serves as standard of reference.  9, record 2, English, - atomic%20weight%20unit

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En accord avec les recommandations de la Commission des poids atomiques, on appelle poids atomique d'un élément (ou coefficient atomique) le poids moyen relatif des atomes d'un élément en unité de masse atomique, cette unité étant le douzième de la masse de l'isotope 12 [indice]C; cette Commission a recommandé d'utiliser la désignation poids atomique pour les éléments qui sont, pour la plupart d'entre eux à l'état naturel, des mélanges de nuclides et de réserver celle de masse atomique pour les nuclides isolés.  4, record 2, French, - unit%C3%A9%20de%20masse%20atomique

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'établissement de tables de poids atomiques [...]. [...] J. Stas [...] choisit, en 1850, comme unité de référence la seizième partie du poids atomique de l'oxygène. À partir de 1920, les physiciens prirent comme étalon la masse de l'isotope 16₀, à laquelle ils attribuèrent la valeur 16,000 00 g tandis que les chimistes continuaient à prendre la valeur 16,000 00 pour le poids atomique de l'oxygène naturel [...]. Mais, les deux échelles ne concordaient pas exactement et la valeur numérique du poids atomique était plus petite dans l'échelle chimique [atomic weight unit] que dans l'échelle physique [atomic mass unit], ce qui entraînait des confusions. [...] on décida [...] que l'échelle chimique basée sur la valeur 16,000 00 pour l'oxygène naturel devait être abandonnée. En 1961, les Unions internationales de physique pure et appliquée et de chimie pure et appliquée prirent la décision de recommander une modification de l'échelle des poids atomiques et d'attribuer un poids atomique de 12 à l'isotope du carbone 12 [indice]C, ce qui nécessitait de recalculer les tables de poids atomiques sur la base de 12 [indice]C =12.  4, record 2, French, - unit%C3%A9%20de%20masse%20atomique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

"unidad másica": Dozava parte de la masa del átomo de carbono-12. Sinónimo: "unidad de masa atómica".  3, record 2, Spanish, - unidad%20de%20masa%20at%C3%B3mica

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The degree to which an ionic molecule dissociates in a medium (usually water).  3, record 3, English, - dissociation%20constant

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the equations developed to express the relationships between the various components of reversible reactions can be applied to acid and base dissociations to give definite values, called dissociation constants. These constants can be used to characterize the relative strengths (degree of dissociation) of acids and bases, and, for this reason, supersede earlier semiquantitative estimates of acid and base strength.  4, record 3, English, - dissociation%20constant

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The numerical value [of the constant] depends on the equilibrium between the undissociated forms of a molecule; a higher value indicates greater dissociation.  2, record 3, English, - dissociation%20constant

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ionization constant: analog of the dissociation constant used in applications to ionization.  2, record 3, English, - dissociation%20constant

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

La constante de la loi d'action de masse relative à l'équilibre d'une dissociation chimique ou électrolytique.  2, record 3, French, - constante%20de%20dissociation

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les concentrations (ou les activités) étant au numérateur, plus le rapport est petit, plus le corps est stable; on dit aussi constante de stabilité.  2, record 3, French, - constante%20de%20dissociation

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Cette notion complexe donne lieu à plusieurs expressions qui sont des quasi-synonymes selon l'aspect qu'on fait ressortir. Un produit chimique se dissocie (dissociation) en ions positifs et négatifs (ionisation) jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne un certain équilibre (stabilité), variable selon chaque produit. La concentration des ions positifs multipliée par celle des ions négatifs donne le produit ionique, une constante qui permet d'évaluer quantitativement cet équilibre. La constante permet donc d'évaluer l'acidité d'un produit et, par déduction, sa basicité.  3, record 3, French, - constante%20de%20dissociation

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The number of atoms in a gram atom or of molecules in a gram molecule of any substance (as for oxygen the number of atoms in 16 grams), its value being 6.023 X 10²³.  2, record 4, English, - Avogadro%27s%20number

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Avogadro's number is the numerical value of Avogadro's constant. These terms are not synonyms.  4, record 4, English, - Avogadro%27s%20number

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Le nombre d'Avogadro représente le nombre d'entités élémentaires (atomes, ions, molécules...) contenues dans une mole de matière.  2, record 4, French, - nombre%20d%27Avogadro

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le nombre d'Avogadro se note : N. N=6,023 x 10²³ [...] même si 6,02252 x 10²³ est une meilleure approximation de N.  2, record 4, French, - nombre%20d%27Avogadro

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le «nombre d'Avogadro» correspond à la valeur numérique de la «constante d'Avogadro». Ces termes ne sont pas synonymes.  3, record 4, French, - nombre%20d%27Avogadro

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Avogadro’s constant has the unit mole^-1 is not merely a number and should not be called Avogadro’s number. It is ok to say that the number of particles in a gram-mole is 6.02 x 10²³ ... One must specify whether the value of Avogadro’s constant is expressed for a gram-mole or a kilogram-mole ... The unit name for a gram-mole is simply mol. The unit name for a kilogram-mole is kmol. When the kilogram-mole is used, Avogadro’s constant should be written: 6.02252 x 10²⁶ kmol^-1.  4, record 5, English, - Avogadro%20constant

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Avogadro's number is the numerical value of Avogadro's constant.  5, record 5, English, - Avogadro%20constant

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Avogadro constant: term standardized by ISO.  5, record 5, English, - Avogadro%20constant

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nombre d'entités élémentaires contenues dans une mole, sensiblement 6.10²³ mol [exposant-1].  2, record 5, French, - constante%20d%27Avogadro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La valeur numérique de la constante d'Avogadro est appelée «nombre d'Avogadro» N - 6.10²³.  2, record 5, French, - constante%20d%27Avogadro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Les termes «constante d'Avogadro» et «nombre d'Avogadro» ne sont pas synonymes. Le «nombre d'Avogadro» est la valeur numérique correspondant à la «constante d'Avogadro».  3, record 5, French, - constante%20d%27Avogadro

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS

constante d'Avogadro : terme normalisé par l'ISO.  3, record 5, French, - constante%20d%27Avogadro

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The speed at which light and other magnetic waves travel through empty space.  3, record 6, English, - speed%20of%20light

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The velocity of light is 2.9979 x 10⁸ m/s.  4, record 6, English, - speed%20of%20light

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The speed of light in a vacuum is an important physical constant denoted by the letter c for "constant" or the Latin word "celeritas" meaning "swiftness". It is the speed of all electromagnetic radiations, including visible light, in a vacuum. More generally, it is the speed of anything having zero rest mass.... In metric units, the speed of light is exactly 299, 792, 458 metres per second(1, 079, 252, 848. 8 km/h). The fundamental SI unit of length, the metre, has been defined since October 21, 1983, as the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299, 792, 458 of a second; any increase in the precision of the measurement of the speed of light would refine the definition of the metre, but not alter the numerical value of c. The approximate value of 3x10⁸ m/s is commonly used in rough estimates. In imperial units, the speed of light is about 670, 616, 629. 2 miles per hour or 983, 571, 056 feet per second, which is about 186, 282, 397 miles per second, or roughly one foot per nanosecond. The speed of light when it passes through a transparent or translucent material medium, like glass or air, is slower than its speed in a vacuum. The ratio of c to the observed phase velocity is called the refractive index of the medium.  5, record 6, English, - speed%20of%20light

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vitesse de propagation de la lumière dans le vide.  1, record 6, French, - vitesse%20de%20la%20lumi%C3%A8re

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La vitesse de la lumière est 2.9979 x 10⁸ m/s.  1, record 6, French, - vitesse%20de%20la%20lumi%C3%A8re

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Numerical age dating means establishing the approximate age in years of a particular layer of rock by analyzing the decay of radioactive elements. Radioactive decay occurs when an unstable form of a chemical element naturally converts to a stable form of another chemical element. Volcanic ash layers, for example, contain radioactive elements. When the ash layer forms, the radioactive elements begins to decay at a constant rate.  3, record 7, English, - numerical%20age%20determination

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Calibration of the geological time scale requires numerical age determinations of distinct events in Earth history defined by the rock record.  4, record 7, English, - numerical%20age%20determination

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numerical age determination: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.  5, record 7, English, - numerical%20age%20determination

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aujourd'hui, la mesure du temps primordial est fondée sur des méthodes de datation numérique et le perfectionnement de la datation par le radiocarbone met en lumière les nuances de sa résolution.  2, record 7, French, - datation%20num%C3%A9rique

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datation numérique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.  3, record 7, French, - datation%20num%C3%A9rique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In computer graphics, a method of numerical control machining wherein the outlines of a part are cut by keeping the tool in constant contact with the workpiece.  4, record 8, English, - contouring

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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A lacunary fractal named by Mandelbrot after the Swiss cheese it resembles most.  2, record 9, English, - Appenzeller

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Smallish round tremas, in white, and random slices of "swiss cheese"(Dimension D=1. 9900 and D=1. 9000). The tremas are white circular discs. Their centers are distributed at random on the plane. For the disc of rank p, the area is K(2-D)/p, the numerical constant then being chosen suitably to fit the trema model described in the text. Plate 306 shows a sort of Appenzeller wherein the black portion is of dimension D=1. 9900, and Plate 307 a sort of Emmenthaler with a black portion of dimension D=1. 9000.  1, record 9, English, - Appenzeller

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tranches de "fromage fractal d'Appenzell", à trous ronds aléatoires. On retranche du plan une série de trémas circulaires, marqués en blanc, ayant des centres distribués au hasard (distribution de Poisson) et des rayons choisis de façon à assurer l'homothétie interne statistique [...]. On permet à un petit tréma d'intersecter un autre plus grand. Il n'est pas étonnant d'apprendre que, si la construction ci-dessus est poussée à l'infini, le reste sera de surface nulle, mais notre intuition ne nous dit pas si réellement quoi que ce soit va rester et, dans l'affirmative, si le reste sera fait de fils connexes ou d'une poussière de points.  1, record 9, French, - Appenzell

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surface, usually of constant pressure or of a function of pressure, to which the variables of a numerical model apply.  1, record 10, English, - level

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surface, ordinairement isobare ou fonction de la pression, à laquelle s'appliquent les variables d'un modèle numérique.  1, record 10, French, - niveau

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Superficie, generalmente isobárica o función de la presión, a la que se aplican las variables de un modelo numérico.  1, record 10, Spanish, - nivel