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NUMERICAL SIGNAL [9 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2023-01-10
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Telecommunications Transmission
- Electronic Measurements
- Measurements of Electricity
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- voltage level difference
1, record 1, English, voltage%20level%20difference
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In transmission engineering, most often it would be rather impractical to characterize the magnitude of signals directly by a numerical value in volts or watts. Instead, a logarithmic measure is used, expressed in "dB" [decibel], to characterize the signal magnitude in relation to some chosen reference value. Designations commonly used are "power-level difference, ""voltage level difference, "etc., all expressed in "dB. " 2, record 1, English, - voltage%20level%20difference
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Transmission (Télécommunications)
- Mesures électroniques
- Mesures de grandeurs électriques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- différence de niveau de tension
1, record 1, French, diff%C3%A9rence%20de%20niveau%20de%20tension
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Dans la technique de transmission, il serait généralement assez peu pratique de caractériser l'intensité des signaux directement par une valeur numérique en volts ou en watts. On utilise plutôt une mesure logarithmique, exprimée en décibels, pour caractériser l'intensité des signaux par rapport à une certaine valeur de référence choisie. Les désignations couramment utilisées sont la «différence de niveau de puissance», la «différence de niveau de tension», etc., toutes exprimées en décibels. 2, record 1, French, - diff%C3%A9rence%20de%20niveau%20de%20tension
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Transmisión (Telecomunicaciones)
- Medidas electrónicas
- Medida de la electricidad
Record 1, Main entry term, Spanish
- diferencia de nivel de tensión
1, record 1, Spanish, diferencia%20de%20nivel%20de%20tensi%C3%B3n
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 1, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2013-10-30
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Remote Sensing
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- hybrid spatial-spectral noise reduction
1, record 2, English, hybrid%20spatial%2Dspectral%20noise%20reduction
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
- HSSNR 1, record 2, English, HSSNR
correct
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The CSA [Canadian Space Agency] technology, referred to as hybrid spatial-spectral noise reduction(HSSNR), uses a numerical processing approach to increase the SNR [signal-to-noise ratio] of acquired satellite images or sensor data. This processing maintains the signal unharmed, while removing the noise. 1, record 2, English, - hybrid%20spatial%2Dspectral%20noise%20reduction
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Télédétection
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- réduction hybride du bruit spatial-spectral
1, record 2, French, r%C3%A9duction%20hybride%20du%20bruit%20spatial%2Dspectral
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
- HSSNR 1, record 2, French, HSSNR
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La technologie de l'ASC [Agence spatiale canadienne], appelée réduction hybride du bruit spatial-spectral (HSSNR), utilise une méthode de traitement numérique pour augmenter le S/B [rapport signal sur bruit] des images acquises par satellite ou des données captées. Ce traitement conserve l'intégrité du signal tout en supprimant le bruit. 1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9duction%20hybride%20du%20bruit%20spatial%2Dspectral
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2009-10-13
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Physics
- Mathematical Geography
- Remote Sensing
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- Kalman filter
1, record 3, English, Kalman%20filter
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A numerical method used to track a time-varying signal in the presence of noise. 2, record 3, English, - Kalman%20filter
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
If the signal can be characterized by some number of parameters that vary slowly with time, then Kalman filtering can be used to tell how incoming raw measurements should be processed to best estimate those parameters as a function of time. 2, record 3, English, - Kalman%20filter
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Kalman filter: term and definition provided by the Canadian Hydrographic Service. 2, record 3, English, - Kalman%20filter
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Physique
- Géographie mathématique
- Télédétection
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- filtre de Kalman
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- filtre Kalman 2, record 3, French, filtre%20Kalman
masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Méthode numérique de poursuite d'un signal variant dans le temps en présence de bruit. 2, record 3, French, - filtre%20de%20Kalman
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Si le signal peut être caractérisé par un certain nombre de paramètres variant lentement en fonction du temps, le filtrage de Kalman peut être appliqué pour déterminer comment les mesures brutes entrantes devraient être traitées pour obtenir la meilleur estimation possible de ces paramètres en fonction du temps. 2, record 3, French, - filtre%20de%20Kalman
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2003-09-16
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Telecommunications Transmission
- Telegraph Equipment
- Telephone Facilities
- Telephone Exchanges
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- stop-send signal
1, record 4, English, stop%2Dsend%20signal
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A signal returned from the incoming exchange following receipt of signal(s) usually containing numerical information, to indicate that the information has been received and that the repeated transmission may stop. 2, record 4, English, - stop%2Dsend%20signal
Record 4, Key term(s)
- stop send signal
- stop/send signal
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Transmission (Télécommunications)
- Appareils de télégraphie
- Installations (Téléphonie)
- Centraux téléphoniques
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- signal d'arrêt d'émission
1, record 4, French, signal%20d%27arr%C3%AAt%20d%27%C3%A9mission
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Signal envoyé par le central d'arrivée après réception d'un signal (ou de signaux) contenant des renseignements numériques, pour indiquer que ces renseignements ont été reçus et que la transmission répétée peut cesser. 2, record 4, French, - signal%20d%27arr%C3%AAt%20d%27%C3%A9mission
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Transmisión (Telecomunicaciones)
- Equipo de telegrafía
- Instalaciones telefónicas
- Centrales telefónicas
Record 4, Main entry term, Spanish
- señal de fin de emisión
1, record 4, Spanish, se%C3%B1al%20de%20fin%20de%20emisi%C3%B3n
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 4, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 1999-12-06
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Climate Change
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- signal-to-noise ratio
1, record 5, English, signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
- SNR 2, record 5, English, SNR
correct
- S/N 3, record 5, English, S%2FN
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A ratio that measures the comprehensibility of data, usually expressed as the signal power divided by the noise power, usually expressed in decibels (dB). 2, record 5, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The detection problem can be viewed in terms of the concept of the signal-to-noise ratio, i.e. one can claim to have detected a change in climate once the signal (e.g. the increasing temperature) has risen appreciably above the background noise level (e.g. natural variability of temperature). 4, record 5, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Signal-to-noise ratio.... For first detection of a CO2-induced climate change, the model signal is the mean change or anomaly in some climatic variable, usually surface air temperature, attributed by a numerical model to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide. Observed noise is the standard deviation or natural variability computed from observations of that variable and adjusted for sample size, autocorrelation, and time averaging. 5, record 5, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Signal-to-noise ratio ... For MODIS, the ratio between (1) typical cloud free scene brightness with solar zenith angle Z=70 deg, and (2) all sensor and processing noise contributions. S/N specifications for various scenes (e.g., land, clouds, oceans, ice) are only applicable in the filter bands associated with those scenes. 3, record 5, English, - signal%2Dto%2Dnoise%20ratio
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Changements climatiques
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- rapport signal à bruit
1, record 5, French, rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
correct, see observation, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
WIND (Wind INfrared Doppler lidar) a pour but de déterminer la vitesse d'aérosol a basse altitude (1 à 10 km) à partir d'un lidar embarqué. [...] La contribution de l'équipe a été de proposer des algorithmes robustes de détection et d'estimation de la fréquence Doppler. Compte tenu du rapport signal à bruit (RSB) «important», supérieur à -5 dB, une modélisation approximative (notch filter) du signal lidar suffit pour obtenir des résultats satisfaisants. [...] La réalisation de l'instrument est à la charge du Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD). 1, record 5, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Théorie de la détection du signal : dans cette théorie, on décrit le «signal» (stimulus à identifier ou souvenir à reconnaître) comme une distribution statistique sur un ensemble de valeurs d'abscisse, et le «bruit» (autres stimulations ou autres souvenirs) de la même façon; ce sont les relations entre ces distributions, et les critères de décision adoptés par le sujet, qui gouvernent la détection. 2, record 5, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Cette théorie qui connaît différentes applications, en radiotélécommunication notamment mais aussi en sismologie, est également utilisée en climatologie; chacune de ces sciences a établi des critères précis afin de l'utiliser à ses propres fins. Le climat subit des variations qui répondent à des cycles connus et que la statistique permet de distinguer; les climatologues croient que ces bruits, les variations naturelles, s'ils sont d'abord identifiés permettront ensuite de laisser voir le véritable signal confirmant que l'effet de serre anthropique est bien en cours. 3, record 5, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS
De façon générale, toutes les expressions utilisées en radiotélécommunication, pour désigner la notion spécifique à ce domaine, pourraient aussi s'employer en climatologie : rapport signal/bruit, signal sur bruit, entre signal et bruit, etc. 3, record 5, French, - rapport%20signal%20%C3%A0%20bruit
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 1999-06-21
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Climate Change
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- noise level
1, record 6, English, noise%20level
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
It is clear from signal-to-noise ratio arguments that detection will be hastened if the noise level can be reduced. This can be achieved using some form of regression analysis with CO2 variations and other climate forcing factors as predictors. 1, record 6, English, - noise%20level
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Signal-to-noise ratio : A quantitative measure of the statistical detectability of a signal, expressed as a ratio of the magnitude of the signal relative to the variability. For first detection of a CO2-induced climate change, the model signal is the mean change or anomaly in some climatic variable, usually surface air temperature, attributed by a numerical model to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide. Observed noise is the standard deviation or natural variability computed from observations of that variable and adjusted for sample size, autocorrelation, and time averaging. 2, record 6, English, - noise%20level
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Changements climatiques
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- niveau de bruit
1, record 6, French, niveau%20de%20bruit
proposal, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Théorie de la détection du signal : dans cette théorie, on décrit le «signal» (stimulus à identifier ou souvenir à reconnaître) comme une distribution statistique sur un ensemble de valeurs d'abscisse, et le «bruit» (autres stimulations ou autres souvenirs) de la même façon; ce sont les relations entre ces distribution, et les critères de décision adoptés par le sujet, qui gouvernent la détection. 2, record 6, French, - niveau%20de%20bruit
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 1987-10-02
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Automatic Control (Machine Tools)
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- Closed loop numerical control system
1, record 7, English, Closed%20loop%20numerical%20control%20system
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- closed loop system 1, record 7, English, closed%20loop%20system
correct
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The closed loop system is similar to the open loop system with the exception that a feedback unit is introduced in the electrical circuit. This feedback unit, generally called a transducer, compares the amount the machine table has been moved by the servo motor with the signal sent by the control unit. The control unit instructs the servo motor to make whatever adjustments are necessary until both the signal from the control unit and the one from the servo unit are equal.... Closed loop numerical control systems are very accurate because the accuracy of the command signal is recorded and there is an automatic compensation for error. 1, record 7, English, - Closed%20loop%20numerical%20control%20system
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Commandes automatiques (Machines-outils)
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- système de commande numérique en boucle fermée
1, record 7, French, syst%C3%A8me%20de%20commande%20num%C3%A9rique%20en%20boucle%20ferm%C3%A9e
masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 1982-06-03
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Codes (Software)
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- time marker 1, record 8, English, time%20marker
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Reference signal, often repeated periodically, enabling the assignment of numerical values to specify events on a time scale. 1, record 8, English, - time%20marker
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Codes (Logiciels)
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- repère de temps
1, record 8, French, rep%C3%A8re%20de%20temps
masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Signal de référence, souvent répété périodiquement, permettant d'assigner des valeurs numériques à des événements pour les repérer sur une échelle de temps. 1, record 8, French, - rep%C3%A8re%20de%20temps
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 1980-11-07
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Telecommunications Transmission
- Radio Transmission and Reception
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- marker
1, record 9, English, marker
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A reference signal or other event often repeated periodically at a specified frequency to enable one to assign numerical values to specific events in a time scale. 1, record 9, English, - marker
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Transmission (Télécommunications)
- Émission et réception radio
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- repère
1, record 9, French, rep%C3%A8re
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Signal de référence ou un autre événement souvent répété périodiquement selon une fréquence déterminée, afin de permettre d'assigner des valeurs numériques à des événements déterminés dans une échelle de temps. 1, record 9, French, - rep%C3%A8re
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
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