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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ensemble Prediction Systems(EPS) are numerical weather prediction(NWP) systems that allow us to estimate the uncertainty in a weather forecast as well as the most likely outcome. Instead of running the NWP model once(a deterministic forecast), the model is run many times from very slightly different initial conditions.  7, record 1, English, - ensemble%20weather%20forecast%20system

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les systèmes de prévision d'ensemble sont des systèmes de prévision numérique du temps qui nous permettent d'évaluer l'incertitude des prévisions météorologiques ainsi que leurs incidences les plus probables. Au lieu de faire tourner le modèle de prévision numérique une seule fois (prévision déterministe), on le fait tourner plusieurs fois avec des conditions initiales très légèrement différentes.  3, record 1, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20de%20pr%C3%A9vision%20m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique%20d%27ensemble

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The sea, lake and overland surges from hurricanes(SLOSH) model is a computerized numerical model developed by the National Weather Service(NWS) to estimate storm surge heights resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes by taking into account the atmospheric pressure, size, forward speed, and track data.  2, record 2, English, - SLOSH%20model

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

For a numerical weather prediction model, statistical relations between model-forecast variables and observed weather variables, used for either correction of model-forecast variables or prediction of variables not explicitly forecast by the model.  3, record 3, English, - model%20output%20statistics

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Model output statistics [is] a set of statistical equations that uses model output to forecast the probability of precipitation, high and low temperature, cloud cover, and precipitation amount ...  4, record 3, English, - model%20output%20statistics

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Model output statistics... have often taken the form of multilinear regression equations derived by screening potential model-forecast variables as predictors. The method produces forecasts of weather variables that to some extent account for the random and systematic errors in the numerical weather prediction model.  3, record 3, English, - model%20output%20statistics

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The difference between model output statistics (MOS) and perfect prognostic is that in MOS the predictand is related to the actual model output, while in perfect prog, the predictand is related to observations or representations of them at (nearly) concurrent times.  3, record 3, English, - model%20output%20statistics

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model output statistics: term rarely used in the singular form (model output statistic).  5, record 3, English, - model%20output%20statistics

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A variety of routine observations are utilized in operational analyses for numerical weather prediction ... Adaptive strategies have also been tested and demonstrated to be feasible during FASTEX and NORPEX98, using dropsoundings from research aircraft.  1, record 4, English, - dropsounding

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In advance of the scientific research on the numerical modeling study, it is absolutely necessary to check the model output first. For the mesoscale modeling, the observational data with high temporal and spatial resolution are needed to check the model output besides the conventional data, which can be got from such as satellite, radar, aircraft, drop-sounding, wind profilers and automated meso-net weather stations etc.  2, record 4, English, - dropsounding

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dropsonde: a radiosonde dropped from an aircraft to measure weather conditions during its descent.  3, record 4, English, - dropsounding

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un procédé comparable est celui du catasondage qui consiste à larguer d'un aéronef un système analogue à la radiosonde mais qui tombe en chute libre et dont la vitesse est stabilisée et régularisée par diverses méthodes. Les mesures de la catasonde, également diffusées par un émetteur radioélectrique, sont recueillies par l'aéronef qui l'a larguée. C'est en utilisant de tels dispositifs que sont prospectées certaines perturbations particulièrement actives tels que les cyclones tropicaux.  1, record 4, French, - catasondage

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La zone la plus à l'Est [de l'Atlantique] a été appelée la «Multiscale Sampling Area» (MSA). C'est dans cette région que les cyclones, alors en phase mature, et les systèmes nuageux associés ont été échantillonnés à différentes échelles. Ces échantillonnages ont été rendus possible par un renforcement des moyens instrumentaux avec notamment deux radars Doppler double faisceau aéroportés en bande X (sur le NOAA-P3 et le NCAR Electra [...] et des dropsondages effectués avec une haute résolution (largués du UK-C130). D'autre part ces avions étaient équipés de capteurs in-situ (microphysique et dynamique) et d'un radar ventral en bande C (pour le NOAA-P3).  2, record 4, French, - catasondage

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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The Working Group on Numerical Experimentation(WGNE), jointly established by the Joint Scientific Committee on the WCRP and the WMO Commission for Atmospheric Sciences(CAS) has the responsibility of fostering the development of atmospheric circulation models for use in weather prediction and climate studies on all time scales and diagnosing shortcomings. WGNE promotes co-ordinated numerical experimentation for validating model results, observed atmospheric properties, exploring the natural and forced variability and predictability of the atmosphere,(e. g the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project, AMIP), as well as studies aimed at refined numerical techniques, and the formulation of atmospheric physics processes. WGNE also monitors the advances in data assimilation and analysis methods and is the focal point in WCRP for encouraging and reviewing the reanalysis projects carried out at various centres with fixed state-of-the-art assimilation systems providing a multi-year homogenous data set for a range of atmospheric and climate diagnostic studies.  2, record 5, English, - Working%20Group%20on%20Numerical%20Experimentation

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forecasting method based on statistical relationships, derived over a long period of time, between locally observed weather elements and output parameters of a numerical prediction model.  1, record 6, English, - model%20output%20statistics%20technique

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The method thus takes account of local climate and any bias in the model.  1, record 6, English, - model%20output%20statistics%20technique

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode de prévision basée sur des relations statistiques, obtenues sur une longue période de temps, entre les éléments météorologiques observés localement et les paramètres de sortie d'un modèle de prévision numérique.  1, record 6, French, - technique%20des%20statistiques%20des%20sorties%20de%20mod%C3%A8les

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La méthode tient ainsi compte du climat local et des biais possibles du modèle.  1, record 6, French, - technique%20des%20statistiques%20des%20sorties%20de%20mod%C3%A8les

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Método de predicción basado en relaciones estadísticas, obtenidas en un largo período de tiempo, entre los elementos meteorológicos observados localmente y los parámetros de salida de un modelo de predicción numérica.  1, record 6, Spanish, - t%C3%A9cnica%20estad%C3%ADstica%20para%20las%20salidas%20de%20modelos

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

De esta manera, el método tiene en cuenta tanto el clima local como las desviaciones posibles del modelo.  1, record 6, Spanish, - t%C3%A9cnica%20estad%C3%ADstica%20para%20las%20salidas%20de%20modelos

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

References :"Tests of a Fine-Mesh Model over Europe and the United States", Monthly Weather Review, Vol 107, pp 980-982, Richard Anthes and Daniel Keyser, August 1979, and "Case Study : Revised Analyses and Their Impact on a Numerical Forecast over the Eastern Pacific Ocean", E Kirkwood, & "Cloud and Precipitation Verification of CMC Subjective Prognosis", G Pellerin, in The Monthly Review, V II, No 12.  1, record 7, English, - near%20zonal%20stream

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish