TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

New plant-breeding techniques... are methods allowing the development of new plant varieties with desired traits, by modifying the DNA of seeds and plant cells.... Based on assessments of the European Commission, the following plant-breeding techniques can currently be considered as the main [techniques] 1) site-directed nucleases(SDN)(including ZFN-1/2/3 and CRISPR [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat] systems) ;2) oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis(ODM) ;3) cisgenesis; 4) RNA-dependent [ribonucleic acid-dependent] DNA methylation(RdDM) ;5) Grafting(non-GM [genetically modified] scion on GM rootstock) ;6) reverse breeding; [and] 7) agro-infiltration.  3, record 1, English, - new%20plant%2Dbreeding%20technique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

new plant-breeding technique; new plant breeding technique; new breeding technique; NPBT; NBT: designations usually used in the plural.  8, record 1, English, - new%20plant%2Dbreeding%20technique

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'expression [...] «nouvelles techniques d'amélioration des plantes» [...] recouvre un certain nombre de biotechnologies appliquées au végétal qui ont été développées depuis la fin des années 1990 sur la base de techniques préexistantes. [...] Très diverses, ces techniques peuvent néanmoins être regroupées en plusieurs catégories. Il s'agit : des techniques d'édition du génome qui rassemblent la mutation ciblée par nucléases dirigées ([...] «zinc finger nucleases» (ZFN), méganucléases (MN), TALEN [transcription activator-like effector nucleases], [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat] CRISPR-Cas) et la mutation dirigée par oligonucléotides (ODM)[;] des techniques d'intégration ciblée d'une séquence d'ADN [acide désoxyribonucléique] par nucléases dirigées[;] des techniques exploitant les mécanismes épigénétiques qui modulent l'expression des gènes : «RNA-dependent DNA methylation» (RdDM)[;] et d'autres techniques [:] agroinfiltration, greffe végétale, cisgenèse et intragenèse, ségrégants négatifs…  3, record 1, French, - nouvelle%20technique%20de%20s%C3%A9lection%20des%20plantes

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nouvelle technique de sélection des plantes; nouvelle technique de sélection végétale; nouvelle technique d'amélioration des plantes; nouvelle technique de sélection génomique : désignations habituellement utilisées au pluriel.  5, record 1, French, - nouvelle%20technique%20de%20s%C3%A9lection%20des%20plantes

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rootstock grown from seed which has been grafted or budded.  2, record 2, English, - seedling%20rootstock

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As opposed to clonal rootstock.  3, record 2, English, - seedling%20rootstock

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les porte-greffes sont francs lorsqu'ils sont issus d'un semis de pépins ou de noyaux, clonaux lorsqu'ils sont multipliés par marcottage ou bouturage. [...] En arboriculture, la production de porte-greffe francs est relativement simple et économique.  2, record 2, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20de%20semis

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les porte-greffes sont classés, selon leur origine, en porte-greffes de semis ou francs, ou porte-greffes obtenus par multiplication végétative (boutures, marcottes, drageons).  3, record 2, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20de%20semis

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Pluriel : des porte-greffes.  4, record 2, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20de%20semis

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS

porte-greffes (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  5, record 2, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20de%20semis

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Actualmente, la industria del aguacate chileno depende de portainjertos de plántulas (principalmente Mexicola y Zutano) y, en mucha menor medida, de portainjertos clonales o de propagación vegetativa [...]  1, record 2, Spanish, - portainjerto%20de%20pl%C3%A1ntulas

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Medicinal parts :rootstock, flowering herb.... Perennial plant found growing around fences, thickets, field edges, and vine yard.  1, record 3, English, - birthwort

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Famille des Aristolochiacées.  1, record 3, French, - aristoloche

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[Plante médicinale] parties utilisées : feuilles, souche [automne].  1, record 3, French, - aristoloche

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Le genre de «ratelaire» n'a pu être attesté dans les sources consultées.  2, record 3, French, - aristoloche

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Iridaceae family, So. Africa, perennial herb having woody rootstock.  1, record 4, English, - blue%20stars

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Amaryllidaceae family, South Western Australia, odd perennial herb with thick rootstock... large woolly flowers having a long bent tube yellowish green.  1, record 5, English, - yellow%20kangaroo%20paw

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Famille des amaryllidacées.  1, record 5, French, - anigosanthe%20jaun%C3%A2tre

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Plante herbacée vivace non bulbeuse [...] à tige feuillée, à feuilles étroites ensiformes, fleurs tubuleuses, laineuses [...] vert jaunâtre, souvent striées de rouge ou en partie écarlates.  1, record 5, French, - anigosanthe%20jaun%C3%A2tre

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Agropyron repens, family Gramineae, a perennial grass, widespread in the northeastern and central states, U.S., it has become established on farm fields and is generally regarded as a pernicious weed. Spreading mainly by rootstocks or underground stems, it is difficult to eradicate. However, it has some value as a forage and hay plant and as a cover plant to prevent soil erosion. Native to Eurasia.  4, record 6, English, - quitch%20grass

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Native to Europe couch grass is also a medicinal plant. The medicinal part is the rootstock.  10, record 6, English, - quitch%20grass

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Graminée vivace adventice des cultures, que l'on rencontre également dans de nombreux endroits incultes.  3, record 6, French, - chiendent

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Originaire d'Eurasie, le chiendent est aussi une plante médicinale très anciennement connue pour ses propriétés diurétiques et dépuratives. La partie utilisée est le rhizome.  4, record 6, French, - chiendent

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hierba cespitosa con gran poder de colonización de suelos, gracias a sus rizomas subterráneos, extraordinariamente resistentes a condiciones ambientales adversas, incluso despedazado y desenterrado.  1, record 6, Spanish, - grama

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En algunos casos, se considera como una mala hierba, sobre todo en suelos cultivados.  1, record 6, Spanish, - grama

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Medicinal plant] Danger of poisoning exists from the rootstock and berries. In addition, red bryony contains a dangerously poisonous resin.  1, record 7, English, - red%20bryony

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Plante des haies (Cucurbitacées), herbacée, vivace et grimpante, à baies rouges ou noires.  2, record 7, French, - bryone%20dio%C3%AFque

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante médicinale pouvant être dangereuse, ne pas confondre avec les baies comestibles des groseilliers.  3, record 7, French, - bryone%20dio%C3%AFque

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plantation where grafted vine plants are grown to provide rootstock for grapegrowers.  2, record 8, English, - mother%20plantation

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pluriel : des porte-greffes.  2, record 8, French, - vigne%2Dm%C3%A8re%20de%20porte%2Dgreffes

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 OBS

porte-greffes (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  3, record 8, French, - vigne%2Dm%C3%A8re%20de%20porte%2Dgreffes

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The ability to form a successful union between scion and rootstock.  1, record 9, English, - graft%20compatibility

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aptitude d'un greffon et d'un porte-greffe à s'unir et à croître avec succès.  2, record 9, French, - compatibilit%C3%A9%20au%20greffage

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A rooted stem that can be multiplied indefinitely, as opposed to seedling rootstock.  2, record 10, English, - clonal%20rootstock

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Porte-greffe issu d'un clone et non pas d'un semis, par comparaison avec porte-greffe de semis.  1, record 10, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20clonal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les porte-greffes sont classés selon leur origine, en porte-greffes de semis ou francs, ou porte-greffes obtenus par multiplication végétative (boutures, marcottes, chageons).  2, record 10, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20clonal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pluriel : des porte-greffes.  3, record 10, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20clonal

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

porte-greffes (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  4, record 10, French, - porte%2Dgreffe%20clonal

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Se trabajó en un monte plantado [...] con la cultivar Mondial Gala sobre tres portainjertos clonales con diferente control de vigor: EM 9 enanizante, EM 7 y MM 111 de tipo semivigorosos.  1, record 10, Spanish, - portainjerto%20clonal

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The method of grafting new plant growth onto a stronger root system by establishing young plants near an existing tree and removing matching areas of bark to bind growing branches of the younger tree to branches of the old until they grow together and can be separated with the new branches attached to the older rootstock.  3, record 11, English, - inarching

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Inarching is similar to approach grafting in that both stock and scion plants are on their own roots at the time of grafting; it differs in that the top of the new root stock plant usually does not extend above the point of the graft union as it does in approach grafting.  4, record 11, English, - inarching

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Greffe] par laquelle les greffons continuent à appartenir aux plantes qui les produisent.  4, record 11, French, - greffe%20en%20approche

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Technique de greffage.  3, record 11, French, - greffe%20en%20approche

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Today the Yalumba Vine Nursery is one of Australia's largest viticultural nurseries, supplying high quality vines to winemakers throughout Australia. Not only does the nursery provide safe, quality rootstock for established varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz, it is also a leading supplier of specialised clones such as the Burgundian Pinot Noir and Chardonnay clones in heavy demand by the country's leading winemakers.  3, record 12, English, - vine%20nursery

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Cultivating and maintaining your vine nursery. ... We regularly spray the soil to foster the growing of roots and shoots until they reach the required size.  4, record 12, English, - vine%20nursery

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La pépinière viticole sait ainsi parfaitement maîtriser le développement des pieds de vigne en abaissant la température. «Nous conservons nos plants en état artificiel d'hibernation, le temps que nos clients soient prêts à planter». [...] «Nous greffons plus d'une vingtaine de millions d'unités par an, mais 60 % seulement des plants ont les normes requises à l'issue de la pépinière».  2, record 12, French, - p%C3%A9pini%C3%A8re%20viticole

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The inability of the rootstock and scion to form or maintain a union, resulting in loss of desired growth or death.  2, record 13, English, - graft%20incompatibility

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inaptitude d'une greffe à former une union véritable entre le porte-greffe et le greffon. L'incompatibilité peut être complète et suivie du «rejet» et de la mort de la greffe. Elle peut aussi être retardée. Dans ce cas, la greffe croît normalement pour un certain temps, puis meurt.  2, record 13, French, - incompatibilit%C3%A9%20de%20greffe

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Severe dieback symptom on pome rootstock.  1, record 14, English, - papery%20bark

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Source: Canadian Journal of Plant Science, July 1999.  2, record 14, English, - papery%20bark

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A method of grafting grape vines in which the fruitwood cutting is notched at the lower end. The rootstock cutting is also notched, but at the upper end and, most importantly, with a notch design which will allow the fruitwood piece to fit into the rootstock piece like two pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. After the two are pressed together in a way which causes the cambium layers to remain in tight contact, the couplet is stored on its side in a warm, moist condition for several weeks until a callous forms around the union, sealing it.  2, record 15, English, - bench%20graft

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In tests of six varieties of apples on the EM IX and the EM II root-stocks in West Virginia, there was no scion-rooting found on EM II. There was some on EM IX. In Canada, trees on EM I scion-rooted more freely than those on the French Crab seedlings, EM II and EM XVI. Vigorous, vegetative trees have been found less prone to scion-rooting, regardless of rootstock.  1, record 16, English, - scion%2Droot

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

scion-rooting: developing roots at the point where a scion is inserted into a stock.  2, record 16, English, - scion%2Droot

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En jardinage, on dit qu'un arbre greffé s'affranchit quand, de l'endroit greffé, ou plutôt au-dessus de la greffe, il produit des racines qui s'enfoncent en terre; l'affranchissement augmente ordinairement la vigueur de l'arbre mais diminue la qualité de son fruit en supprimant l'action propre du porte-greffe.  1, record 16, French, - affranchir

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two propagations were made on Prunus avium rootstock and planted out in a trial block at the Summerland research center in 1987.  1, record 17, English, - trial%20block

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The best comparison of two varieties therefore comes from neighboring plots and, extending this principle, the best comparison of a set of varieties comes from compact block of small plots, within which block soil variation is likely to be minimal.  3, record 17, English, - trial%20block

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de parcelles voisines et très semblables les unes aux autres, quant aux conditions de croissance de la végétation. Ces blocs sont dits complets lorsque tous les objets mis en expérience sont présents dans chacun d'eux, le nombre de parcelles par bloc étant au moins égal au nombre d'objets.  3, record 17, French, - bloc

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le troisième principe relatif aux essais est celui du contrôle local, dont le besoin découle du modèle de variation du sol. La meilleure comparaison de deux variétés provient de deux parcelles voisines. Ce principe appliqué aux essais de variétés se traduit par l'utilisation d'un bloc compact de petites parcelles, à l'intérieur duquel la variation de sol devrait vraisemblablement être minime.  4, record 17, French, - bloc

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Between a graft and the rootstock.  1, record 18, English, - comptability%20coefficient

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Entre le porte-greffe et greffon.  1, record 18, French, - coefficient%20de%20compatibilit%C3%A9

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pip : an individual rootstock of the lily of the valley producing leaves and a flower stalk.  2, record 19, English, - lily%2Dof%2Dthe%2Dvalley%20pip

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

usually plural: lily of the valley pips.  1, record 19, English, - lily%2Dof%2Dthe%2Dvalley%20pip

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

plant de muguet à repiquer.  1, record 19, French, - griffe%20de%20muguet

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

s'écrit souvent au pluriel : griffes de muguet.  2, record 19, French, - griffe%20de%20muguet

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[A tomato plant called] jimson weed(Datura stramonium) was tried as a rootstock to combat infestations of the nematode worms that cause root knot.  1, record 20, English, - nematode%20worm

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) on a essayé [un plant de tomate,] la stramoine (Datura stramonium) comme porte-greffe pour combattre les vers nématodes qui provoquent des gales sur les racines.  1, record 20, French, - ver%20n%C3%A9matode

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

a small Asiatic wild apple(Malus sylvestris paradisiaca) used principally as a dwarfing rootstock and the source of several of the Malling rootstocks.  2, record 21, English, - paradise%20apple

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Porte-greffe du pommier conférant une vigueur faible permettant de donner aux arbres des formes de petite dimension, de mise à fruit rapide mais de longévité réduite.  3, record 21, French, - paradis

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish