TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A pattern of phencyclidine... use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least two of the following, occurring within a 12-month period[. ] 1. Phencyclidine is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended. 2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control phencyclidine use. 3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain phencyclidine, use the phencyclidine, or recover from its effects. 4. Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use phencyclidine. 5. Recurrent phencyclidine use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home... 6. Continued phencyclidine use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated but the effects of phencyclidine... 7. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of phencyclidine use. 8. Recurrent phencyclidine use in situations in which it is physically hazardous... 9. Phencyclidine use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the phencyclidine. 10. Tolerance...  7, record 1, English, - phencyclidine%20use%20disorder

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

phencyclidine addiction; PCP addiction: The word "addiction" is sometimes considered stigmatizing.  8, record 1, English, - phencyclidine%20use%20disorder

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS

phencyclidine dependence; PCP dependence: The description of "phencyclidine dependence" found in the DSM-IV (fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) corresponds to the concept now named "phencyclidine use disorder."  8, record 1, English, - phencyclidine%20use%20disorder

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 4 OBS

phencyclidine dependence; PCP dependence: In the DSM-5 (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), the categories "phencyclidine abuse" and "phencyclidine dependence" have been replaced with the overarching category "phencyclidine use disorder." This change was made to prevent confusion between "dependence" and "addiction," and to avoid the use of the word "abuse," which can be considered stigmatizing.  8, record 1, English, - phencyclidine%20use%20disorder

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dépendance à la phencyclidine; dépendance à la PCP : La description de la «dépendance à la phencyclidine» trouvée dans le DSM-IV (quatrième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux) correspond à la notion maintenant désignée par le terme «trouble de l'usage de la phencyclidine».  1, record 1, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20phencyclidine

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dépendance à la phencyclidine; dépendance à la PCP : Dans le DSM-5 (cinquième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux), les catégories «abus de phencyclidine» et «dépendance à la phencyclidine» ont été remplacées par la catégorie générale «trouble de l'usage de la phencyclidine». Ce changement visait à éviter la confusion entre «dépendance» et «addiction» ainsi que l'utilisation du mot «abus», qui peut être considéré comme stigmatisant.  1, record 1, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20phencyclidine

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In cases in which the violent relationship between the parents involves situational couple violence or separation-instigated violence, there may not be increased risk to children in all cases, particularly if either type of violence is singular and mild. If the situational couple violence is chronic or severe, what is needed is a more nuanced analysis of the situational causes of the violence and whether it is only one or both of the parents who escalate to physical aggression. If one partner has an anger management problem, then he or she is the parent most at risk for child abuse. If the problem is one of couple communication or chronic conflict over one or several relationship issues, generalization to child abuse is unlikely.  2, record 2, English, - situational%20couple%20violence

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] dans la violence de couple situationnelle, l'intention n'est pas de contrôler et de dominer l'autre personne. Les conjoints qui sont dans une dynamique de violence de couple situationnelle peuvent avoir de la difficulté à communiquer et à gérer leurs conflits, les principales sources de mésentente étant les enfants, le travail domestique, la consommation d'alcool et de drogues, ainsi que les difficultés financières.  1, record 2, French, - violence%20de%20couple%20situationnelle

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A problematic pattern of cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least two of the following, occurring within a 12-month period. 1. Cannabis is often taken in larger amount or over a longer period than was intended. 2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control cannabis use. 3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain cannabis, use cannabis, or recover from its effects. 4. Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use cannabis. 5. Recurrent cannabis use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home. 6. Continued cannabis use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of cannabis. 7. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of cannabis use. 8. Recurrent cannabis use in situations in which it is physically hazardous. 9. Cannabis use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by cannabis. 10. Tolerance... 11. Withdrawal...  4, record 3, English, - cannabis%20use%20disorder

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

cannabis addiction: Although some authors use the designation "cannabis addiction" to refer to the severe form of "cannabis use disorder," these two designations are generally used interchangeably. The word "addiction" is also sometimes considered stigmatizing.  5, record 3, English, - cannabis%20use%20disorder

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

cannabis dependence: The description of "cannabis dependence" found in the DSM-IV (fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) corresponds to the concept now named "cannabis use disorder."  5, record 3, English, - cannabis%20use%20disorder

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 4 OBS

cannabis dependence: In the DSM-5 (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), the categories "cannabis abuse" and "cannabis dependence" have been replaced with the overarching category "cannabis use disorder." This change was made to prevent confusion between "dependence" and "addiction," and to avoid the use of the word "abuse," which can be considered stigmatizing.  5, record 3, English, - cannabis%20use%20disorder

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Mode d'usage problématique du cannabis conduisant à une altération du fonctionnement ou une souffrance cliniquement significative, caractérisé par la présence d'au moins deux des manifestations suivantes, durant une période de 12 mois[.] 1. Le cannabis est souvent pris en quantité plus importante ou pendant une période plus [longue] que prévu. 2. Il y a un désir persistant, ou des efforts infructueux, pour diminuer ou contrôler l'usage du cannabis. 3. Beaucoup de temps est passé à des activités nécessaires pour obtenir le cannabis, à utiliser le cannabis ou à récupérer des effets du cannabis. 4. Envie impérieuse («craving»), fort désir ou besoin pressant de consommer du cannabis. 5. Usage répété de cannabis conduisant à l'incapacité de remplir ses obligations majeures au travail, à l'école ou à la maison. 6. Usage de cannabis qui continue malgré des problèmes interpersonnels ou sociaux, persistants ou récurrents, causés ou exacerbés par les effets du cannabis. 7. Des activités sociales, professionnelles ou de loisirs importantes sont abandonnées ou réduites à cause de l'usage du cannabis. 8. Usage répété du cannabis dans des situations où cela peut-être physiquement dangereux. 9. L'usage du cannabis est poursuivi bien que la personne sache avoir un problème psychologique ou physique persistant ou récurrent susceptible d'avoir été causé ou exacerbé par le cannabis. 10. Tolérance [...] 11. Sevrage [...]  6, record 3, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20cannabis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dépendance au cannabis : La description de la «dépendance au cannabis» trouvée dans le DSM-IV (quatrième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux) correspond à la notion maintenant désignée par le terme «trouble de l'usage du cannabis».  7, record 3, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20cannabis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 OBS

dépendance au cannabis : Dans le DSM-5 (cinquième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux), les catégories «abus de cannabis» et «dépendance au cannabis» ont été remplacées par la catégorie générale «trouble de l'usage du cannabis». Ce changement visait à éviter la confusion entre «dépendance» et «addiction» ainsi que l'utilisation du mot «abus», qui peut être considéré comme stigmatisant.  7, record 3, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20cannabis

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 4 OBS

addiction au cannabis : Bien que selon certains auteurs la désignation «addiction au cannabis» désigne la forme sévère du «trouble de l'usage du cannabis», ces désignations sont généralement interchangeables. Au Québec, l'anglicisme «addiction» est à éviter, mais il est accepté ailleurs dans la francophonie. En outre, il est parfois considéré comme stigmatisant.  7, record 3, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20cannabis

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A pattern of amphetamine-type substance, cocaine, or other stimulant use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least two of the following, occurring within a 12-month period[. ] 1. The stimulant is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended. 2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control stimulant use. 3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the stimulant, use the stimulant, or recover from its effects. 4. Craving, or a strong urge to use the stimulant. 5. Recurrent stimulant use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home. 6. Continued stimulant use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the stimulant. 7. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of stimulant use. 8. Recurrent stimulant use in situations in which it is physically hazardous. 9. Stimulant use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the stimulant. 10. Tolerance... 11. Withdrawal...  3, record 4, English, - stimulant%20use%20disorder

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

stimulant use disorder: In the DSM-5 (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), the categories "amphetamine abuse," "amphetamine dependence," "cocaine abuse" and "cocaine dependence" have been replaced with the overarching category "stimulant use disorder." This change was made to prevent confusion between "dependence" and "addiction," and to avoid the use of the word "abuse," which can be considered stigmatizing. It also grouped together substances having similar effects.  4, record 4, English, - stimulant%20use%20disorder

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 3 OBS

stimulant addiction: The word "addiction" is sometimes considered stigmatizing.  4, record 4, English, - stimulant%20use%20disorder

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trouble de l'usage des stimulants : Dans le DSM-5 (cinquième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux), les catégories «abus d'amphétamine», «dépendance à l'amphétamine», «abus de cocaïne» et «dépendance à la cocaïne» ont été remplacées par la catégorie générale «trouble de l'usage des stimulants». Ce changement visait à éviter la confusion entre «dépendance» et «addiction» ainsi que l'utilisation du mot «abus», qui peut être considéré comme stigmatisant. Il a également regroupé des substances psychoactives ayant des effets semblables.  6, record 4, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20stimulants

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

addiction aux stimulants : Au Québec, l'anglicisme «addiction» est à éviter, mais il est accepté ailleurs dans la francophonie. En outre, il est parfois considéré comme stigmatisant.  6, record 4, French, - trouble%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20l%27utilisation%20de%20stimulants

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) are the signals used for hardware flow control. By setting the RTS line to "ON," the computer tells the modem that it is ready to receive data.  4, record 5, English, - Request%20To%20Send%2FClear%20To%20Send

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The main reason for implementing RTS/CTS is to minimize collisions among hidden nodes. If there is no hidden node problem, it is best to deactivate this function, since it does add overhead and it may be detrimental to a system demanding high FPS [frames per second] and bit rates.  5, record 5, English, - Request%20To%20Send%2FClear%20To%20Send

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ready to send/clear to send: The designation "ready to send" does not appear in either the IEEE 802.11 or the RS-232 standards.  6, record 5, English, - Request%20To%20Send%2FClear%20To%20Send

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In computability theory, the halting problem is the problem of determining, from a description of an arbitrary computer program and an input, whether the program will finish running, or continue to run forever.  2, record 6, English, - halting%20problem

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

All resolution search strategies are subject to a version of the halting problem, for search is not guaranteed to terminate unless there actually is a proof.  3, record 6, English, - halting%20problem

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En théorie de la calculabilité, le problème de l'arrêt est le problème de décision qui détermine, à partir d'une description d'un programme informatique et d'une entrée, si le programme s'arrête avec cette entrée ou non.  3, record 6, French, - probl%C3%A8me%20de%20l%27arr%C3%AAt

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a taxi driver of an unoccupied taxi is seeking passengers on a road unknown to him or her in a large city, what should the driver do? Alternatives include cruising around the road or waiting for a time period at the roadside in the hopes of finding a passenger or just leaving for another road enroute to a destination he [or she] knows(e. g., hotel taxi rank) ?... There could be different answers to the question poised above, but one fundamental problem is how the driver learns about the likelihood of finding passengers on a road that is new to him [or her. ]  7, record 7, English, - unoccupied%20taxi

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are four main styles of communication : passive, aggressive, passive-aggressive, and assertive. [They are] tools that [one] can use to communicate. In general, assertive communication is most likely to lead to respectful and longer-term relationships, so [that is] the style to strive for in most situations. However, passive and aggressive communication might work better on some occasions. For example, if [a person is] feeling fearful that [he or she is] about to be harmed, passive communication may help to defuse the situation[, ] and aggressive communication might prevent the problem from getting worse.  1, record 8, English, - communication%20style

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is no known reason for the density of the Universe to be so close to the critical density, and this appears to be an unacceptably strange coincidence in the view of most astronomers. Hence the flatness "problem". Many attempts have been made to explain the flatness problem, and modern theories now include the idea of inflation which predicts the observed flatness of the Universe. However, not all scientists have accepted inflation, and the matter remains a subject of much debate and research.  4, record 9, English, - flatness%20problem

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Boolean satisfiability problem, also known as SAT, is a problem in AI [artificial intelligence] that is used to determine whether or not a given Boolean formula can be satisfied by a set of truth values. A Boolean formula is a mathematical formula that consists of a set of variables, each of which can take on one of two values, true or false. The problem is to determine whether there exists a set of truth values for the variables that makes the formula true.  3, record 10, English, - Boolean%20satisfiability%20problem

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les problèmes de satisfaisabilité booléenne, généralement abrégés à problèmes SAT, sont des problèmes de satisfaction de contraintes ...  4, record 10, French, - probl%C3%A8me%20de%20satisfaisabilit%C3%A9%20bool%C3%A9enne

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Length of winter can be defined as the number of days with temperatures below zero.... However, there is a definition problem when, for example, November has sub-zero temperature, January and February have above zero temperatures and March, below zero temperatures.  2, record 11, English, - below%20zero%20temperature

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En effet, les jeunes feuilles, lorsqu'elles sont exposées à des températures en dessous de zéro, même modérément de l'ordre de -2 à -3 °C, deviennent nécrosées et doivent être remplacées par l'arbre, car il doit créer une nouvelle cohorte de feuilles au printemps pour pouvoir faire la photosynthèse.  2, record 11, French, - temp%C3%A9rature%20au%2Ddessous%20de%20z%C3%A9ro

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two types of vacuum pumps commonly used in the tritium processing industry : the oil-filled vane pump and the dry scroll pump. The oil-filled vane pump has been in use in the vacuum industry for over a hundred years. It is reliable and easily maintained. However, the oil comes into contact with the tritium and becomes heavily contaminated. This poses a hazard during maintenance, and the disposal of contaminated oil is becoming more difficult. The dry scroll pump has a similar performance to the oil-filled pumps without the problem of contaminated oil handling and disposal.  1, record 12, English, - dry%20scroll%20pump

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe deux types de pompes à vide utilisées couramment dans l'industrie du traitement du tritium : la pompe à palettes à huile et la pompe à spirales sèche. La pompe à palettes à huile est utilisée dans l'industrie du vide depuis une centaine d'années. Elle est fiable et facile à entretenir. Cependant, l'huile entre en contact avec le tritium et devient lourdement contaminée. Cela pose un danger durant l'entretien et l'évacuation de l'huile contaminée devient plus difficile. La pompe à spirales sèche offre un rendement semblable à celui des pompes à huile sans le problème de la manipulation et de l'évacuation de l'huile contaminée.  1, record 12, French, - pompe%20%C3%A0%20spirales%20s%C3%A8che

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are really only three questions that matter in informatics.... 1. What is the problem that we are trying to solve? 2. How will we know when we have succeeded? 3. Is technology the best solution or are there simpler alternatives?... If you know enough to answer them, you might be held up as an informatics guru.  1, record 13, English, - informatics%20guru

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Expert en informatique qui utilise ses connaissances pour aider les autres, agissant en quelque sorte de personne-ressource, et qui est vénéré chaque fois qu'il règle un problème.  2, record 13, French, - gourou%20en%20informatique

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En la actualidad [...] nadie se puede salvar de algún robo o pérdida de un portátil. [...] La prevención es tan sencilla que no se necesita ser un gurú en informática para implementar las medidas de seguridad necesarias para recuperar un portátil.  1, record 13, Spanish, - gur%C3%BA%20en%20inform%C3%A1tica

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The engineering approach is essentially the engineering design process. The scientific method is similar but is hypothesis driven vs. design driven. In the scientific method a hypothesis is generated as a potential answer to an important question. An experiment is tested to prove or disprove the hypotheses.... the design process is similar, but different in some important ways. Instead of a question there is a problem or need. Instead of a hypothesis there is a design constraint(s) of what the solution has to be able to do.  2, record 14, English, - engineering%20design%20process

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The 4096 Virus crosslinks files on the system's disk. It occurs so slowly that it appears there is a hardware problem. The crosslinking of files is the result of the virus manipulating the FATs [file allocation tables], changing the number of available sectors in such a way that the user will think the files have lost sectors.  2, record 15, English, - crosslink

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Virus 4096 établit des liaisons croisées entre les fichiers du disque système. Ce processus s'effectue si lentement qu'il semble y avoir un problème de matériel. Ces liaisons sont le résultat de la manipulation de la FAT [table d'allocation des fichiers] par le virus, ce qui modifie le nombre de secteurs disponibles et laisse croire à l'utilisateur que les fichiers ont perdu des secteurs.  2, record 15, French, - %C3%A9tablir%20des%20liaisons%20crois%C3%A9es

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Human-mediated movement of painted turtles is well documented. Thus, there is high potential for genetic mixing, which largely results from released pets of other subspecies of painted turtles. Interbreeding with released sliders is also a possibility. The concern is that interbreeding might lead to genetic swamping. While this may be a problem in small coastal populations in BC, there is no indication that this is an issue for this DU(designatable unit). A high degree of genetic variation among regions has been documented in BC...  2, record 16, English, - genetic%20pollution

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a conviction that there is nothing one can do to remedy a situation or solve a problem.  2, record 17, English, - learned%20helplessness

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[It has been] suggested that women cannot leave [abusive partners] because they are manifesting "learned helplessness." This is a concept developed ... to explain depressive behaviour in humans. Learned helplessness results from the loss of the subject’s ability to control aversive events. The response is apathy and listlessness.  3, record 17, English, - learned%20helplessness

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] conviction que rien ne peut être fait pour résoudre un problème ou remédier à une situation.  3, record 17, French, - impuissance%20acquise

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] théorie de la «résignation acquise» [...] est considérée importante dans la compréhension de la paralysie psychologique qui maintient la victime dans une incapacité à agir et à quitter son partenaire violent.  5, record 17, French, - impuissance%20acquise

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In economics, a constant which is assigned a value or a set of values at the outset of a problem.  2, record 18, English, - parameter

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A parameter thus differs from a variable, which can take on any value. The values of a parameter are restricted by the particular problem under study, and a parameter can vary only when there is a change in the entire system being studied.  2, record 18, English, - parameter

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Élément de base variable, entrant dans l'élaboration d'un ensemble.  2, record 18, French, - param%C3%A8tre

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les paramètres de rentabilité, par exemple, sont le prix d'achat, le prix de vente, les quantités vendues, le stock moyen, le délai de paiement, le linéaire développé. C'est en modifiant un ou plusieurs de ces paramètres que l'on peut améliorer la rentabilité d'un produit en linéaire.  2, record 18, French, - param%C3%A8tre

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two major principles to lean manufacturing : produce just what is needed, when it is needed, in the amount needed with only the required materials, labour, equipment, and space; make any production problem instantly self-evident and stop producing whenever problems are detected.  3, record 19, English, - lean%20manufacturing

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

lean manufacturing; lean production: A manufacturing system and philosophy that was originally developed by Toyota and is now used by many manufacturers throughout the world.  4, record 19, English, - lean%20manufacturing

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Méthode] de [production] visant l'élimination structurée du gaspillage de temps et de ressources [pour améliorer la profitabilité des entreprises].  5, record 19, French, - production%20%C3%A0%20valeur%20ajout%C3%A9e

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mise en œuvre d'une production allégée («lean production») : il s'agit d'une recherche permanente de réduction des coûts et des délais, avec maintien d'un niveau constant de la qualité du produit et de l'efficacité de sa réalisation.  6, record 19, French, - production%20%C3%A0%20valeur%20ajout%C3%A9e

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

What is play-based learning? It has long been known that there is a strong link between play and learning... Play teaches kids how to problem solve, how to make friends, how to express themselves, how to enjoy the world around them, and how to recognize letters and numbers...  2, record 20, English, - play%2Dbased%20learning

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Des recherches ont également démontré que l’apprentissage par le jeu favorise la réussite sociale, émotionnelle et scolaire.  4, record 20, French, - apprentissage%20par%20le%20jeu

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is insufficient understanding of the interactions between shear forces in fermenters and the behaviour and morphology of fungal cultures. This is an even more serious problem for the growth of animal and plant cells and a new range of culture systems is being developed for growth of such cells, either in suspension or on wetted surfaces.  1, record 21, English, - cell%20in%20suspension

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cell in suspension: term generally used in the plural.  2, record 21, English, - cell%20in%20suspension

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les interactions entre les forces de cisaillement dans les fermenteurs et le comportement et la morphologie des cultures de champignons ne sont pas suffisamment bien comprises. La multiplication des cellules animales et végétales pose un problème encore plus difficile et on met au point actuellement une nouvelle gamme de dispositifs de culture pour la multiplication de ces cellules en suspension ou sur des surfaces humides.  1, record 21, French, - cellule%20en%20suspension

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cellule en suspension : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.  2, record 21, French, - cellule%20en%20suspension

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

célula en suspensión: término utilizado generalmente en plural.  2, record 21, Spanish, - c%C3%A9lula%20en%20suspensi%C3%B3n

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Not every subject understands how to take the test. Fixing this problem can take significant operator time. With the CCA [computer-controlled audiometer]-200mini audiometer there is complete control over individual booths, so your operator can easily correct any problem. A single talk-over microphone addresses any booth to clarify the test procedure, and “Mark for Retest” quickly clears up suspect thresholds.  1, record 22, English, - talk%2Dover%20microphone

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Microphone permettant de communiquer avec la personne sous examen.  1, record 22, French, - microphone%20de%20l%27op%C3%A9rateur

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Workshop.... An able guide is usually present to bring his experience and previous training to bear upon the problem. There may or may not be outside speakers.  3, record 23, English, - outside%20speaker

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Once an organisation has had the experience of one (or more) of these courses ... it is possible for further courses to be planned, administered and run from within, with or without the aid of outside speakers and at a minimum cost.  4, record 23, English, - outside%20speaker

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il y a dans beaucoup de sessions de recyclage, des conférenciers extérieurs, invités à exposer leur savoir et leur expérience.  3, record 23, French, - conf%C3%A9rencier%20invit%C3%A9

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Supersymmetry simply stated(say it ten times fast) says that each kind of particle that constitutes matter has a related force-carrying particle(Mukerjee, 90). Under the theory, fermion sand bosons are really just manifestations of one type of truly fundamental supersymmetrical particle that, at low energies, manifests itself in the apparently dissimilar fermions and bosons. The only problem with supersymmetry thus far is that there has yet to be any experimental evidence of a supersymmetrical particle.  2, record 24, English, - supersymmetrical%20particle

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On pourra [...] chercher parmi les débris de la désintégration du Z° les traces de certaines particules encore hypothétiques mais qui jouent un rôle crucial dans l'unification des forces fondamentales. [...] [Parmi ces] nouvelles particules [figureraient les] «particules supersymétriques» [...]  2, record 24, French, - particule%20supersym%C3%A9trique

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Where one has a large number of customers, each taking varying volumes, to whom one can deliver from any of several depots and by any of several means(road, rails, etc.), each at a different cost, then one has a complex problem. Obviously one would like to deliver from the most efficient depot by the cheapest means, but there is seldom enough capacity to do this. Finding the best mix of these distribution resources is often impossible without using this technique.  1, record 25, English, - transportation%20problem

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Problème dont la résolution exige de minimiser une fonction objective des coûts de transport entre un ensemble de points d'approvisionnement (entrées) et un ensemble de points de demande (sorties).  1, record 25, French, - probl%C3%A8me%20de%20transport

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi «technique de transports».  1, record 25, French, - probl%C3%A8me%20de%20transport

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any ball that hangs so invitingly in the air(ball returned so softly and close to the net and well within reach) that there is no problem for an aggressive-minded player to make an easy point by "putting it away".  3, record 26, English, - sitter

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For inspiration, just keep in mind a picture of Monica putting away those mid-court screamers.  2, record 26, English, - sitter

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... the result will be a weak pop-up that either carries long or gives your opponent an easy sitter for a passing shot.  4, record 26, English, - sitter

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Screamer": slang. "Sitter" is not to be confused with "floater".  3, record 26, English, - sitter

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 PHR

To miss a sitter.  3, record 26, English, - sitter

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 PHR

To take one’s eyes off an easy sitter.  3, record 26, English, - sitter

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Rater un coup facile.  1, record 26, French, - coup%20facile

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ray effects. An artefact related to the method of discrete ordinates, known as the “ray effect, ” is illustrated … For a two-dimensional case, which is easier to represent, we have considered the problem of a point source in a purely absorbent medium. The arrows represent the directions of the discrete ordinates, and the squares represent the meshing of the spatial discretisation. Because neutrons are obliged to travel along the discrete directions, we note that only the shaded mesh elements will “see” a certain neutron flux, since the others cannot receive any neutrons. The resulting lines are clearly visible on the diagram. In practical cases, the artefact is never so clear, since the sources are spread out and there is scattering, but it can still be identified. The only way to improve this situation is to refine the angular meshing.  1, record 27, English, - ray%20effect

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Effets de raies. Un artefact lié à la méthode des ordonnées discrètes, connu sous le terme d'«effet de raies» est illustré […] Pour un cas à deux dimensions, plus facile à représenter, nous avons considéré le cas d’une source ponctuelle, dans un milieu purement absorbant […] Puisque les neutrons sont assujettis à voyager selon les directions discrètes […] seules les mailles grisées «verront» un certain flux neutronique, les autres ne pouvant pas recevoir de neutrons. [Des] raies […] en résultent […]  2, record 27, French, - effet%20de%20raies

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Escape peak form, as in gas-flow detectors, when an incoming X-ray produces a characteristic X-ray from the detector material. These X-rays are produced near the surface of the detector crystal and if they are reabsorbed there is no problem. If, however, the X-ray "escapes" the detector, an escape peak is produced. The escape peaks in a Si(Li) detector are 1. 74 keV lower in energy that the incident X-rays(Ec for Si-Ka). Escape peaks will be present for all parent peaks above 1. 84 keV(the Si absorption edge), and their magnitudes are usually a few percent of the parent peak.  1, record 28, English, - escape%20peak

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le porte-échantillon est connecté à un moteur pas-à-pas commandé par un ordinateur. Il permet ainsi d'analyser plusieurs échantillons sans pour cela casser le vide maintenu dans la chambre. Les rayonnements X ont été mesurés à l'aide d'un dispositif comprenant : un détecteur LEGe (low energy germanium); un préamplificateur de charges à faible bruit de fond; un amplificateur qui assure une nouvelle amplification et une mise en forme des impulsions. Le pic de la raie X K caractéristique du phosphore correspond aussi au pic d'échappement du silicium de la raie X K du calcium. Le remplacement du détecteur Si(Li) par un détecteur LEGe permet de réduire cette interférence.  1, record 28, French, - pic%20d%27%C3%A9chappement

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A waterproof canopy which provides weather protection between loading dock doors and the opening of a truck.  1, record 29, English, - loading%20dock%20shelter

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

If the dock is not inside, weather can be quite a problem.... If there is no canopy, some form of weather seal should be used at the doorway.  2, record 29, English, - loading%20dock%20shelter

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Installations annexes. En tant qu'équipement de quai, les rampes ajustables sont souvent installées conjointement avec des sas d'étanchéité ou abris de quai, des portes coulissantes ainsi que des butoirs de protection.  1, record 29, French, - abri%20de%20quai

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

To get back to your first observation about getting the Canadian message across in the United States, the real problem is that there is no Canadian constituency in the United States that we can appeal to.  1, record 30, English, - constituency

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour revenir à votre première observation sur la nécessité de transmettre le message canadien à la grandeur des État-Unis, le problème, en fait, c'est qu'il n'existe pas, aux États-Unis, de base politique et économique canadienne sur laquelle nous puissions compter.  1, record 30, French, - base%20politique%20et%20%C3%A9conomique

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Specialized form of reactor in which redox enzymes are used, in combination with electrodes, as analytical devices, fuel cells to produce electricity, or to achieve chemical conversions using electrical energy. There is a problem of obtaining satisfactory coupling(electron transfer) between the various redox components and the electrodes.  2, record 31, English, - electrochemical%20reactor

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réacteur où peut avoir lieu une transformation chimique par apport d'énergie électrique, ou inversement production d'énergie à partir du changement d'enthalpie libre associé à une réaction chimique catalysée par des enzymes redox.  2, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9acteur%20%C3%A9lectrochimique

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The right to refuse treatment is not restricted to situations involving religious objection. It is equally applicable to cases in which patients object to life-prolonging care in the face of a terminal illness. It also arises in those circumstances in which a person has decided that further life-sustaining care-such as renal dialysis-is no longer a satisfactory mechanism for perpetuating life.... There is no doubt that within the limits of the law, all Canadians enjoy the right to refuse treatment. The problem is deciding who exercises this right for mentally and legally incapable individuals, and on what basis they make these substituted decisions.  3, record 32, English, - right%20to%20refuse%20treatment

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... the court said that since the right to decline treatment is an inherent part of the patient’s right to control his or her own body, the right is not conditioned on an understanding of the risks of refusing care.  3, record 32, English, - right%20to%20refuse%20treatment

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Patient consent generally includes the right to decline treatment.  4, record 32, English, - right%20to%20refuse%20treatment

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La loi reconnaît au patient le droit de refuser un traitement tant qu'il ne représente pas une menace pour lui-même et pour les autres.  4, record 32, French, - droit%20de%20refuser%20un%20traitement

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'évaluation de l'aptitude du patient à consentir à un traitement ou à le refuser constitue aujourd'hui la seule limite à l'exercice du droit de refuser un traitement.  5, record 32, French, - droit%20de%20refuser%20un%20traitement

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Il est toutefois pertinent de mentionner que ce droit au refus de traitement n'aurait jamais vu le jour sans la Charte des droits de la Constitution américaine (Bill of Rights) et sans la doctrine du consentement éclairé.  6, record 32, French, - droit%20de%20refuser%20un%20traitement

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La relación entre la doctrina del consentimiento informado y el derecho a rechazar el tratamiento, es, que si el paciente tiene derecho a no ser tratado sin su consentimiento, también debe existir como contrapartida el derecho a no ser tratado cuando opera la negativa del paciente.  2, record 32, Spanish, - derecho%20a%20rechazar%20un%20tratamiento

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a fish species grown in commercial fish farms is also present in the natural environment, there is an obvious danger of poaching... A solution to the problem is to find a specific marker that can load to a quick and easy discrimination between legal farm-raised fish and illegal wild fish. For the purpose of marketing, the chosen marker should be non toxic, inexpensive to use and easily analysed with reliable results. Nutritional marking appears to fulfill at least the first two conditions. There are several advantages in using nutritional markers for fish...(1) the fish are not stressed by unnecessary handling;(2) once the special marking feed is prepared, there is no additional labor or other cost involved in this technique...  1, record 33, English, - nutritional%20marking

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de marquage qui consiste à incorporer dans la diète des poissons, une substance qui sera absorbée par les divers tissus et qui sera facilement détectée.  2, record 33, French, - marquage%20nutritionnel

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le marquage nutritionnel des ombles de fontaine présente des avantages indéniables sur les autres formes de marquage, car les poissons ne sont pas stressés ou blessés par des manipulations; une fois l'aliment préparé, il n'y a pas de travail ou de coûts supplémentaires, le marquage des poissons se fait en même temps que la pigmentation des chairs.  1, record 33, French, - marquage%20nutritionnel

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Concerning youth, Nigeria has a big problem with adolescent fertility.... There is also the problem of cultural transition. Families are no longer in control of socialization, and young people are experimenting and getting into trouble. Age-old cultural controls which used to exist are breaking down and young people are being left alone.  2, record 34, English, - cultural%20transition

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ecological sampling methods. If we want to know what kind of plants and animals are in a particular habitat, and how many there are of each species, it is usually impossible to go and count each and every one present.... This problem is usually solved by taking a number of samples from around the habitat, making the necessary assumption that these samples are representative of the habitat in general.... Samples are usually taken using a standard sampling unit of some kind. This ensures that all of the samples represent the same area or volume(water) of the habitat each time. The usual sampling unit is a quadrat. Quadrats normally consist of a square frame, the most frequently used size being 1m². The purpose of using a quadrat is to enable comparable samples to be obtained from areas of consistent size and shape. Rectangular quadrats and even circular quadrats have been used in some surveys.  2, record 35, English, - ecological%20sampling

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Ecological sampling in the vegetation inventory is designed to help range managers practice sustainable resource management. Samples are taken within the vegetation inventory integrated plot.  3, record 35, English, - ecological%20sampling

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le projet [d'analyse agronomique et écologique des unités spatio-temporelles pertinentes pour la gestion de la biodiversité] a pour objectif d'articuler étroitement des approches écologiques et agronomiques pour comprendre comment les diverses activités agricoles (aménagement du parcellaire, pratiques de production, d'entretien des bordures de champs, etc.) interviennent dans la dynamique de la biodiversité. L'effet de la structure du paysage et des pratiques des agriculteurs sur les éléments clés du paysage que sont les bordures de champ sont pris simultanément en compte. L'échantillonnage écologique sera construit à partir d'une caractérisation du paysage et de ses éléments d'un point de vue agronomique.  1, record 35, French, - %C3%A9chantillonnage%20%C3%A9cologique

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Parcelle d'échantillonnage écologique.  2, record 35, French, - %C3%A9chantillonnage%20%C3%A9cologique

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Para todas las asociaciones se realizó un muestreo ecológico mediante el método de punto cuadrante central. Se presenta la descripción de cada una de las asociaciones vegetales en cuanto a su fisonomía, ubicación, composición florística y suelo, perfiles semirealistas y formas de vida según Raunkiaer.  1, record 35, Spanish, - muestreo%20ecol%C3%B3gico

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Muestreo [es la] selección de una pequeña parte de una población o comunidad asumiendo que es representativa del conjunto.  2, record 35, Spanish, - muestreo%20ecol%C3%B3gico

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is the risk of a grey-market problem if Canada falls too far behind the U. S. in digital television programming.  1, record 36, English, - grey%20market

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forme de marché parallèle toléré par les autorités.  1, record 36, French, - march%C3%A9%20gris

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour atteindre les objectifs du plan, les dirigeants doivent souvent recourir à des intermédiaires qui leur fournissent les matières premières [...] Quelle est l'importance de ce marché gris que les autorités connaissent et tolèrent parce qu'elles le savent indispensable? (R.A., URSS : les impasses de la puissance, 1375, p. 65).  1, record 36, French, - march%C3%A9%20gris

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fuel starvation and fuel exhaustion(sometimes referred to as fuel depletion) are problems that can affect internal combustion engines fuelled by either diesel, kerosene, petroleum or any other combustible liquid or gas. If no fuel is available for an engine to burn, it cannot function. All modes of transport powered by such engines can be affected by this problem, but the consequences are most significant when it occurs to aircraft in flight. There are two main ways that an engine can run out of fuel :-Using up fuel. This is the most common cause of fuel exhaustion. An engine can use up all available fuel due to insufficient fuel being loaded for the planned journey or the journey time extended for too long(in the case of an aircraft, due to in-flight delays or problems)... ;-Leaking. In some cases, the fuel tank or the supply piping to the engine leaks and fuel is lost. This can cause engines to starve.  1, record 37, English, - fuel%20exhaustion

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lundi 22 août, on parle d'une panne de carburant. On n'aurait pas trouvé de kérosène sur les lieux du crash.  1, record 37, French, - panne%20de%20carburant

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fuel starvation and fuel exhaustion(sometimes referred to as fuel depletion) are problems that can affect internal combustion engines fuelled by either diesel, kerosene, petroleum or any other combustible liquid or gas. If no fuel is available for an engine to burn, it cannot function. All modes of transport powered by such engines can be affected by this problem, but the consequences are most significant when it occurs to aircraft in flight.... Fuel starvation is slightly different to fuel exhaustion, in that fuel is in the tank but there is a supply problem which either fully or partially prevents the fuel from reaching the engine. Causes may include a blocked fuel filter, problems with fuel tank selection if multiple tanks are installed, or more commonly water-contaminated fuel.  2, record 38, English, - fuel%20starvation

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une fois le moteur en marche et l'avion en mouvement, les chiffons auraient été, en outre, tirés vers la sortie des réservoirs de carburant à cause du mouvement du carburant dans les réservoirs et de l'écoulement vers le moteur. Les chiffons se sont déposés à la sortie des réservoirs de carburant et ont réduit le débit de carburant vers le moteur, ce qui a provoqué une panne d'alimentation carburant et une perte de puissance.  2, record 38, French, - panne%20d%27alimentation%20carburant

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

panne d'alimentation carburant : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie aéronautique (CUTA) - Opérations aériennes.  3, record 38, French, - panne%20d%27alimentation%20carburant

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This problem must be understood in the more general context in which Commissioner Goldbloom noted that there is a certain degree of assimilation occurring within the Francophone community of Ontario, the number of persons saying they have French as their mother tongue exceeding the number of those who say they still use this language as their principal language in the home.  1, record 39, English, - degree%20of%20assimilation

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce problème doit être compris dans un contexte plus général où le Commissaire Goldbloom a constaté qu'il existe une certaine mesure d'assimilation qui se poursuit dans la communauté francophone de l'Ontario, le nombre de personnes se disant avoir la langue maternelle française dépassant le nombre de ces personnes qui disent encore utiliser principalement cette langue au foyer  1, record 39, French, - mesure%20d%27assimilation

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[A virus-specific scanning software] can only discover viruses that it "knows" about and as such has to be continually updated with new patterns, as new viruses appear. This is the main problem with this type of software. At the moment there is no national or international databank of virus patterns, but the creation of such an institution may be beneficial for the future.  3, record 40, English, - virus%20pattern%20data%20bank

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Un logiciel de balayage spécifique] ne peut découvrir que les virus qu'il «connaît» et doit être en permanence complété par de nouvelles configurations au fur et à mesure de l'apparition de nouveaux virus. C'est le problème principal de ce type de logiciel. Actuellement, il n'existe aucune «banque de configurations de virus» nationale ou internationale, mais la création d'un tel organisme serait d'une grande utilité pour tous.  1, record 40, French, - banque%20de%20configurations%20de%20virus

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Knowing which vaccine to stockpile before the outbreak of a pandemic is a major problem, because you don’t know which virus will cause the pandemic. It takes months to make enough vaccine for all potential victims, and flu vaccines only last about 12 months in storage.... There are also some technical problems with making a H5N1 vaccine. H5N1 kills chickens, so the usual way of making a vaccine that relies on chicken eggs doesn’t work very well. An alternative genetically engineered virus may need to be used to produce enough vaccine in a short period of time.  1, record 41, English, - genetically%20engineered%20virus

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

vecteur viral - virus modifié par génie génétique pour servir à introduire divers gènes dans les cellules.  2, record 41, French, - virus%20modifi%C3%A9%20par%20g%C3%A9nie%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Virus manipulado mediante técnicas de genética molecular con el propósito de introducir, modificar o eliminar genes específicos a fin de que exhiba nuevos caracteres.  4, record 41, Spanish, - virus%20modificado%20gen%C3%A9ticamente

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La vacuna contra la viruela, a diferencia de otras, no contiene el virus viruela, sino un virus modificado por ingeniería genética, llamado vaccinia. Este virus, por haber sido desarrollado en laboratorio, no existe en la naturaleza.  3, record 41, Spanish, - virus%20modificado%20gen%C3%A9ticamente

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 2 CONT

El grupo de investigadores ha modificado por ingeniería genética un virus para que sólo sea capaz de infectar y reproducirse en células cancerosas y no así las sanas. El virus infecta y elimina selectivamente las células indeseables [...] el 60% de aquellos a los que se les administró el virus modificado genéticamente lograron curarse.  1, record 41, Spanish, - virus%20modificado%20gen%C3%A9ticamente

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We also are starting to worry about protozoa in water, fruits and vegetables because of irrigation methods that spread fecal material in the water and on crops. When a foodborne illness outbreak occurs, we often don’t know what the source of the problem is at the outset and so we will first look for bacteria, yeast and mold. However, if the source of the outbreak is a virus or protozoa, we have no idea. So I predict that there will be more activity in food virology and food parasitology.  2, record 42, English, - food%20virology

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'OMS [Organisation mondiale de la Santé] a considérablement élargi son programme en matière de virologie alimentaire. Il apparaît que l'étiologie de 40 à 50 pour cent des foyers signalés de maladies transmises par les aliments demeure inconnue, même dans des pays développés. Il se pourrait que certaines de ces maladies soient d'origine virale.  2, record 42, French, - virologie%20alimentaire

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a foodborne illness outbreak occurs, we often don’t know what the source of the problem is at the outset and so we will first look for bacteria, yeast and mold. However, if the source of the outbreak is a virus or protozoa, we have no idea. So I predict that there will be more activity in food virology and food parasitology.  2, record 43, English, - food%20parasitology

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The presence of parasites in food and food products.  3, record 43, English, - food%20parasitology

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Optical burst switching is a promising hybrid approach between coarse grain optical circuit switching and fine grain optical packet switching. The benefit of optical burst switching(OBS) over conventional circuit switching is that there is no need to dedicate a wavelength for each end to end connection. In addition, optical burst switching is more viable than optical packet switching as the burst data does not need to be buffered or processed at the cross connect. This allows the strengths of optical switching technologies to be leveraged effectively and the problem of buffering in the optical domain to be circumvented.  2, record 44, English, - optical%20burst%20switching

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a three-axis four-gimbal inertial platform, there is a small misalignment angle, [delta], between the pitch and inner roll gimbals. The problem... is to drive this angle equal to zero. This involves designing a control loop for nulling [delta]. By properly designing the control system, an orthogonality loop can maintain the angle [delta] near zero for reasonable values of pitch angle.  1, record 46, English, - three%2Daxis%20four%2Dgimbal%20inertial%20platform

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Gyroscopes avec deux axes et deux anneaux de cardan.  2, record 46, French, - plate%2Dforme%20inertielle%20%C3%A0%20trois%20axes%20et%20quatre%20anneaux%20de%20cardan

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Plate-forme à trois axes.  3, record 46, French, - plate%2Dforme%20inertielle%20%C3%A0%20trois%20axes%20et%20quatre%20anneaux%20de%20cardan

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Pluriel : des plateformes, des plates-formes.  4, record 46, French, - plate%2Dforme%20inertielle%20%C3%A0%20trois%20axes%20et%20quatre%20anneaux%20de%20cardan

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 4 OBS

plateforme (sing.); plateformes (pl.) : Ces graphies, puisées des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, sont attestées dans le Petit Robert (2004).  5, record 46, French, - plate%2Dforme%20inertielle%20%C3%A0%20trois%20axes%20et%20quatre%20anneaux%20de%20cardan

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

While I agree that infobesity is a problem, there are ways to go on an "infodiet", by not giving up "taste"...  3, record 47, English, - infodiet

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 CONT

In school, we’re offered the information equivalent of broccoli and Brussel sprouts from our teachers. In this sense, our education is an important part of a healthy information diet, but not the only part, and we still may crave the rich, creamy conversations or just spicy gossip of our friends and family ...  4, record 47, English, - infodiet

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

What does infobesity look like? ... What is the cure? Infodieting!  5, record 47, English, - infodiet

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term "infodiet" is found in the title of an article written by Steven J. Bell: "The Infodiet: How Libraries Can Offer an Appetizing Alternative to Google" (The Chronicle of Higher Education, 50(24), page B15 - February 20, 2004)  6, record 47, English, - infodiet

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Info diète. [...] L'idée est de se retirer de l'aura des médias, des nouvelles, de l'info. Pour prendre du recul, tester notre propre capacité de réflexion et l'importance de l'information qu'on absorbe chaque jour... Quitte à se rendre compte qu'on pourrait se passer de la moitié de ce qu'on entend... On ne parle pas de vacances: il s'agit de vivre la vie quotidienne sans lire le journal, sans regarder Bernard Derome ou Sophie Thibault. Pas facile de s'extraire des ondes ambiantes.  1, record 47, French, - info%20di%C3%A8te

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Enfin, le besoin de maîtriser son «alimentation» en information face à l'omniprésence des médias conduit également certaines personnes interrogées par l'ODP [Observatoire du débat public] à décider de se mettre à la diète, explique [...] son président. Il s'agirait de n'accéder aux médias qu'à quelques moments choisis, en privilégiant l'analyse en profondeur. Une sorte de diète de l'information face à une «mal info» grandissante.  2, record 47, French, - info%20di%C3%A8te

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is another problem with web breaks which occur in around 50% of cases-the web wraps around the rollers and damages the blankets and from time to time, the rollers.  2, record 49, English, - web%20break

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Rupture de la bande pendant l'impression, fréquemment imputable à un problème de tension ou à un défaut du support.  1, record 49, French, - casse%20de%20bande

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 OBS

casse de bande : Terme et définition tirés du Vocabulaire de la flexographie de France Brodeur. Reproduction autorisée par l'Institut des communications graphiques du Québec.  2, record 49, French, - casse%20de%20bande

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) presentation of statistical data. In general, there are three ways to present organized data: 1. word statement, 2. statistical table, and 3. statistical chart. (...) when a large group of data is being presented, word statement presentation becomes inefficient and burdensome. In this case, statistical tables and charts are preferred.  1, record 50, English, - statistical%20chart

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Charts, in contradistinction to graphs, may be used to show relationships which have nothing to do with variables, i.e., with sequences or chain of events.  4, record 50, English, - statistical%20chart

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term graph is the elliptical form of graphic presentation and graphic representation. Graph has a generic meaning which encompasses all graphical representations and a specific meaning limited to the line graph.  5, record 50, English, - statistical%20chart

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 3 OBS

In practice, most authors tend to treat the terms graph and chart as perfect synonyms. In defining these same terms, however, they sense a difference but there is no consensus as to what the distinction is. As compared to the above OBS concerning the term graph, chart seems to refer more specifically to graphical representations made up of figures or symbols such as bars or columns. The following context clearly illustrates the problem :"All illustrations of line graphs and statistical charts(...) are taken substantially unchanged from various publications. "  5, record 50, English, - statistical%20chart

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Représentation d'observations statistiques par des grandeurs géométriques ou des figures en vue d'obtenir des données numériques une image permettant d'en saisir rapidement l'ensemble des éléments fondamentaux : caractéristiques d'une distribution, liaison entre deux variables, comparaison des variations, relation entre des observations et leurs origines géographiques, etc.  1, record 50, French, - graphique%20statistique

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

«diagramme» : [Le terme] diagramme est [...] employé tantôt dans le sens général de graphique, tantôt dans celui plus particulier de courbe.  5, record 50, French, - graphique%20statistique

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Representación gráfica sobre un plano de la relación funcional entre dos o más cantidades variables.  1, record 50, Spanish, - diagrama

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En estadística hay diversos tipos de diagrama, que representan los datos estadísticos (por ejemplo, los histogramas y los estereogramas).  1, record 50, Spanish, - diagrama

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

diagrama: término, definición y observación extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 50, Spanish, - diagrama

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The reconstruction problem can be described in an idealized fashion as follows. We suppose that there is a two-dimensional density to be determined... This density to be determined can correspond to a two-dimensional x-ray absorption density in transmission tomography or a two-dimensional density of radioactivity in emission tomography.  2, record 51, English, - transmission%20tomography