TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Matrix effects can be divided into two kinds, physical and chemical. Physical matrix effects depend on the physical properties of the sample and generally relate to the ablation step of LIBS [laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy]. That is, differences between the specific heat, latent heat of vaporization, thermal conductivity, absorption, etc., of different matrices can change the amount of an element ablated from one matrix compared with another matrix even though the properties of the ablation laser pulse remain constant.  2, record 1, English, - physical%20matrix%20effect

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les effets de matrice physiques sont liés aux propriétés physiques du matériau ablaté (température de vaporisation, absorbance à la longueur d'onde du laser utilisé...).  2, record 1, French, - effet%20de%20matrice%20physique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Local hyperthermia is also called "thermal ablation. "Very high heat is applied to a small area, usually the tumour itself.  1, record 2, English, - local%20hyperthermia

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’hyperthermie locale est aussi appelée «ablation thermique». On applique une très grande chaleur sur une petite surface du corps, habituellement sur la tumeur même.  2, record 2, French, - hyperthermie%20locale

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'hyperthermie locale (ou ablation thermique) est utilisée pour chauffer une petite zone corporelle telle qu'une tumeur. Des températures très élevées sont utilisées pour tuer les cellules cancéreuses et détruire les vaisseaux sanguins.  3, record 2, French, - hyperthermie%20locale

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Improved uniformity of the laser for-al spot profile is a necessary criterion for the success of high intensity laser fusion and to improve the quality of data from moderate intensity laser driven shock experiments in solids. Recently developed laser smoothing techniques rely on both temporal smoothing and thermal smoothing to produce uniform ablation pressures on the target surface. Thermal smoothing is not effective during the low intensity portion of a laser pulse and the resultant shock structure mirrors the residual laser nonuniformities. The impact of the first(nonuniform) shock can be diminished by using foam layers, a precursor flash, shallow angles of incidence, and by adiabatically compressing the target with a temporally long, slowly rising laser pulse.  1, record 3, English, - thermal%20smoothing

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il faut au départ et au cours de l'impulsion réaliser une interface aussi régulière que possible. Les irrégularités restantes ne pourront être qu'amplifiées au cours du temps (d'autres effets comme le lissage thermique viennent un peu atténuer le propos).  1, record 3, French, - lissage%20thermique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For meteoroids... covering a meteor velocity range from 11 to 71 km/s, we numerically modeled both thermal ablation and sputtering ablation during atmospheric flight.  1, record 4, English, - sputtering%20ablation

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The thermal regime at the ground surface under snowcover can be divided into two or three distinct periods, depending on whether permafrost is present : an initial period dominated by soil conduction and freezing, a period dominated by frozen soil conduction alone(in permafrost cases only), and the ablation period.  2, record 5, English, - soil%20conduction

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Nocturnal evolution of air and soil temperatures are computed for clear-sky situations. The model takes into account the soil heat conduction and the atmospheric radiative transfers ... A by-product of the study is to use the model to investigate the sensitivity of the results to CO₂ changes. Due to close saturation of the present CO₂-H₂O bands, the dependence appears very weak ... The surface temperature dependence is further smoothed by the fact that soil conduction acts to dissipate the energy excesses reaching the surface.  3, record 5, English, - soil%20conduction

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Dans l'équation] RN + [phi]C + [phi]S + [phi]L = 0, [...] [phi]C [représente le] flux de chaleur dans le sol rendant respectivement compte du transport de chaleur par conduction dans le sol ainsi que du transfert d'eau sous la forme de vapeur.  3, record 5, French, - conduction%20dans%20le%20sol

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les modèles bi-couches ont essentiellement été développés pour les couverts éparses à fort contraste de températures entre le sol et la végétation, [...] Dans cette approche, synthétisée [...], le forçage atmosphérique est constitué de Ra et Rg (les rayonnements incidents global et atmosphérique [...] G est le flux de chaleur par conduction dans le sol [...]  4, record 5, French, - conduction%20dans%20le%20sol

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish