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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Punitive damages have been awarded in most types of intentional torts such as battery, assault and unlawful arrest, trespass to land, trespass to goods, trespass to a ship, abuse of process, defamation, conversion and fraud.  3, record 1, English, - unlawful%20arrest

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At common law, every unauthorized and direct breach of the boundaries of another's land was an actionable trespass. No intent to commit a trespass was required. All that was necessary was that the act resulting in the trespass be volitional, and that the resulting trespass be direct and immediate.  1, record 2, English, - commit%20a%20trespass

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Commettre une intrusion, c'est entrer dans la propriété d'autrui sans permission ni excuse légitime.  2, record 2, French, - commettre%20une%20intrusion

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where one man orders or procures another to commit a trespass, and the agent does so, both principal and agent are liable for the damage done.  2, record 3, English, - commit%20a%20trespass

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Trespass : To commit an unlawful injury to the person, property, or rights of another, with actual or implied force or violence, especially to enter onto another's land wrongfully.  3, record 3, English, - commit%20a%20trespass

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A condition that interferes with a person's enjoyment of property; esp., a structure or other condition erected or put on nearby land, creating or continuing an invasion of the actor's land and amounting to a trespass to it.  2, record 4, English, - private%20nuisance

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nuisance privée : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 4, French, - nuisance%20priv%C3%A9e

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... one who cuts down a tree in the vicinity of his boundary in such a manner that it will in all probability fall on his own land, commits but an accidental trespass, if it crashes onto his neighbour's. The unauthorized entry, which is the injurious effect of his activity, was neither intended nor reasonably to the anticipated, and he is consequently absolved now that such an accidental trespass is no longer actionable.  2, record 5, English, - accidental%20trespass

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intrusion accidentelle; atteinte immobilière accidentelle : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 5, French, - intrusion%20accidentelle

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An entry on land that, though begun innocently or with a privilege, is deemed a trespass from the beginning because of conduct that abuses the privilege.  2, record 6, English, - trespass%20ab%20initio

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intrusion ab initio; atteinte immobilière ab initio : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 6, French, - intrusion%20ab%20initio

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A trespass committed when the plaintiff had a right to immediate possession of land but had not yet exercised that right.  2, record 7, English, - trespass%20by%20relation

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intrusion rétroactive; atteinte immobilière rétroactive : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 7, French, - intrusion%20r%C3%A9troactive

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A form of action to remedy a trespass to land or to real property.  2, record 8, English, - trespass

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

action pour intrusion; action pour atteinte immobilière : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 8, French, - action%20pour%20intrusion

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A person’s unlawful entry on another’s land that is visibly enclosed.  2, record 9, English, - trespass%20quare%20clausum%20fregit

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Historical term for trespass; trespass to land; trespass to real property.  3, record 9, English, - trespass%20quare%20clausum%20fregit

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trespass quare clausum fregit : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 9, French, - trespass%20quare%20clausum%20fregit

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A continuing trespass is one which is permanent in its nature; as where a person builds on his own land so that part of the building overhangs his neighbour's land.  2, record 10, English, - continuing%20trespass

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

intrusion continue; atteinte immobilière continue : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 10, French, - intrusion%20continue

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The doctrine of "continuous trespass" applies only to omissions to remove something which has been brought on land and wrongfully left there; it does not extend to other cases where a defendant fails to restore the land to the same condition in which he found it, there the plaintiff can only treat the initial entry as trespass and must content himself with one action in which damages are recoverable for both past and future loss.  1, record 11, English, - future%20loss

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... without statutory protection, surveyors may be liable for civil or criminal trespass if they enter onto property without permission.(Civil trespass is defined as the intentional invasion of land in possession of another.)  2, record 12, English, - intentional%20invasion%20of%20land

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The doctrine of "continuous trespass" applies only to omissions to remove something which has been brought on land and wrongfully left there; it does not extend to other cases where a defendant fails to restore the land to the same condition in which he found it, there the plaintiff can only treat the initial entry as trespass and must content himself with one action in which damages are recoverable for both past and future loss.  1, record 13, English, - past%20loss

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dommage déjà réalisé, par opposition au dommage futur.  1, record 13, French, - perte%20actuelle

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

An action for mesne profits is an action of trespass brought to recover profits derived from land whilst the possession of it was improperly withheld, that is, the yearly value of the premises. Mesne profits are the rents and profits which a trespasser has, or might have received or made during his occupation of the premises, and which, therefore, he must pay over to the true owner as compensation for the tort which he has committed. A claim for rent is therefore liquidated, while a claim for mesne profits is always unliquidated.  1, record 14, English, - action%20for%20mesne%20profits

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action pour recouvrer des bénéfices intermédiaires illégitimes.  1, record 14, French, - action%20en%20b%C3%A9n%C3%A9fices%20interm%C3%A9diaires

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A right, in its most general sense, is either the liberty (protected by law) of acting or abstaining from acting in a certain manner, or the power (enforced by law) of compelling a specific person to do or abstain from doing a particular thing. (Jowitt, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 1581).  1, record 15, English, - right

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[A] licence does not create an interest in land but rather gives the right to use property in a manner which otherwise would be a trespass.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 225).  1, record 15, English, - right

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Care should be taken when speaking of a right not to confuse it with other property interests. (Cartwright, p. 821)  1, record 15, English, - right

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme s'emploie dans toutes ses acceptions générique et spécifique.  1, record 15, French, - droit

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

droit : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 15, French, - droit

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A licence is a permission given by the occupier of land which allows the licensee to do some act which would otherwise be a trespass, "e. g. ", to lodge in his house.(Megarry and Wade, p. 776)  1, record 16, English, - licence

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A licence is in the nature of a right or privilege to enter upon and use the grantor’s land in a certain manner or for a specified purpose. It is a personal right between the licensor and licensee and does not create any estate or interest in the land. (Anger and Honsberger, 2nd ed., p. 918).  1, record 16, English, - licence

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

permission : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 16, French, - permission

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A common law remedy for the recovery of compensation for trespass by animals taken while doing the damage(damage feasant). The animals had to be seized while on the land and in course of the trespass; they could not be followed if they left the land. To justify the seizure there had to be actual damage done. Once seized the animals had to be impounded, i. e. confined in a manor or common pound or in the distrainor's premises and they can then be detained till satisfaction is made for the damage and charges are paid...(Walker, p. 365)  1, record 17, English, - distress%20damage%20feasant

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut employer aussi, si le contexte le permet, l'équivalent abrégé «saisie pour commission de dommage».  1, record 17, French, - saisie%2Dgagerie%20pour%20commission%20de%20dommage

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

saisie-gagerie pour commission de dommage : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 17, French, - saisie%2Dgagerie%20pour%20commission%20de%20dommage

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A parcel of land, whether or not enclosed, in which a person has at least a present possessory interest which will entitle him to bring an action of trespass for breach of the close.(Cartwright, 1972, p. 159).  1, record 18, English, - close

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

clos : qualifiant ce terme d'historique, le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO) n'a pas tenu à le normaliser.  2, record 18, French, - clos

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Punitive damages have been awarded in most types of intentional torts such as battery, assault and unlawful arrest, trespass to land, trespass to goods, trespass to a ship, abuse of process, defamation, conversion, and fraud.  1, record 19, English, - trespass%20to%20a%20ship

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un examen de la jurisprudence révèle que des dommages-intérêts punitifs ont été accordées pour la plupart des délits intentionnels, comme les actes de violence, les voies de fait et l'arrestation illégale, l'atteinte directe aux immeubles, l'atteinte directe aux meubles, l'atteinte directe à un navire, les poursuites abusives, la diffamation, l'appropriation illégale et la fraude.  1, record 19, French, - atteinte%20directe%20%C3%A0%20un%20navire

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If a man cuts down one of his trees expecting it to fall on his own land, he is not liable for intentional trespass if by miscalculation the tree falls on his neighbour's land. It would be otherwise if the tree fell where he wanted it to fall, but without his knowledge this turned out to be on the land of his neighbour. The latter case is considered to be one of intentional intrusion, albeit under mistake, and is nevertheless actionable.  1, record 20, English, - intentional%20intrusion

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si un homme coupe un arbre en pensant qu'il tombera sur son propre terrain, il n'est pas responsable d'une atteinte directe intentionnelle si l'arbre tombe par erreur chez son voisin. Il en serait autrement si l'arbre tombait à l'endroit voulu, mais que l'homme ne savait pas que ce terrain appartenait à son voisin. Il s'agirait alors d'une atteinte intentionnelle qui, malgré qu'elle résulte d'une erreur, donnerait ouverture à une poursuite.  2, record 20, French, - atteinte%20intentionnelle

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le Centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  3, record 20, French, - atteinte%20intentionnelle

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One who lives in close proximity to another.  2, record 21, English, - neighbour

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Qualified only by such concern for neighbours as was enacted by the law of nuisance and trespass, the landowner was virtually immune to demands for the safety of persons who came upon his land.  1, record 21, English, - neighbour

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

general meaning.  3, record 21, English, - neighbour

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... if(one who cuts down a tree) had thought that he owned all the land on which the tree would possibly fall and intentionally cut it so that it would come down on land which turns out to be his neighbour's, he has committed an intentional trespass under mistake. The actual result which has come to pass was intended under the erroneous notion that it would not violate another's rights.  1, record 22, English, - intentional%20trespass

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Hunters must recognize that firing over land without permission of the owner constitutes a trespass to land and if injury to person results, trespass to person  1, record 23, English, - trespass%20to%20land

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"Les chasseurs doivent savoir que de tirer des coups de feu sur le terrain d'autrui sans la permission du propriétaire constitue une atteinte directe à la propriété immobilière et, s'il en résulte des blessures à des personnes, une atteinte à l'intégrité physique de celles-ci  1, record 23, French, - atteinte%20directe%20%C3%A0%20la%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20immobili%C3%A8re

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le Centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  2, record 23, French, - atteinte%20directe%20%C3%A0%20la%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20immobili%C3%A8re

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish