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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At common law, every unauthorized and direct breach of the boundaries of another's land was an actionable trespass. No intent to commit a trespass was required. All that was necessary was that the act resulting in the trespass be volitional, and that the resulting trespass be direct and immediate.  1, record 1, English, - commit%20a%20trespass

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Commettre une intrusion, c'est entrer dans la propriété d'autrui sans permission ni excuse légitime.  2, record 1, French, - commettre%20une%20intrusion

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the law of intentional wrongs developed principally within the frame of the old action of trespass, with its notion of prima facie liability for faultless causation, while the law of negligence emerged through the action on the case where fault was from the start a necessary element of liability.  2, record 2, English, - faultless%20causation

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

causalité sans faute : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 2, French, - causalit%C3%A9%20sans%20faute

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

At common law, an action for damages resulting from an intentional injury to person or property, esp. if by violent means; trespass to the plaintiff's person, as in illegal assault, battery, wounding, or imprisonment, when not under color of legal process, or when the battery, wounding, or imprisonment was in the first instance lawful, but unnecessary violence was used or the imprisonment continued after the process had ceased to be lawful.  2, record 3, English, - trespass%20vi%20et%20armis

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trespass vi et armis : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 3, French, - trespass%20vi%20et%20armis

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For injuries to the person or property which were the immediate and direct result of the defendant's force and for which an action of trespass would lie, the early common law imposed a rather strict responsibility.  3, record 4, English, - action%20of%20trespass

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"A form of action instituted to recover damages for any unlawful injury to the plaintiff’s person, property or rights, involving immediate force or violence." John A. Yogis, Canadian Law Dictionary, 5th edition, p. 282.  4, record 4, English, - action%20of%20trespass

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

action pour atteinte directe : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 4, French, - action%20pour%20atteinte%20directe

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The word tort comes from le Latin term torquere, which means "twisted or wrong. "The English common law recognized no separate legal action in tort. Instead, the British legal system afforded litigants two central avenues of redress :trespass for direct injuries, and actions "on the case" for indirect injuries. Gradually, the common law recognized other civil actions, including defamation, libel, and slander.  2, record 5, English, - action%20in%20tort

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

action en responsabilité délictuelle; action en responsabilité civile délictuelle : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 5, French, - action%20en%20responsabilit%C3%A9%20d%C3%A9lictuelle

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plea, which the defendant has the burden of establishing at trial, by which he admits the truth of material facts stated in the plaintiff’s statement of claim, but destroys the legal effect of these admissions by pleading other facts, which, if true, constitute a defence.  3, record 6, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the early common law attached liability to trespass on mere proof of direct causation, it became necessary, after the later admission of exculpatory considerations, for the defendant to "justify" or "excuse" his conduct by specially pleading and proving the circumstances which destroyed its actionable quality. Thus "justification" became an affirmative defence.  4, record 6, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In a statement of defence.  3, record 6, English, - affirmative%20defence

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

défense affirmative : terme recommandé par le Comité d'uniformisation des règles de procédure civile dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, record 6, French, - d%C3%A9fense%20affirmative

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

At common law, the owner of cattle must take care that they do not trespass or stray on the lands of another.  2, record 7, English, - cattle%2Dtrespass%20rule

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Law of Trespass has seen minor refinement over the centuries, but no real change has occurred... Even in those common-law jurisdictions(most of them) which have codified the Law of Trespass in one form or another, there has been almost no changes to the common-law principles.  2, record 8, English, - law%20of%20trespass

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A common law remedy for the recovery of compensation for trespass by animals taken while doing the damage(damage feasant). The animals had to be seized while on the land and in course of the trespass; they could not be followed if they left the land. To justify the seizure there had to be actual damage done. Once seized the animals had to be impounded, i. e. confined in a manor or common pound or in the distrainor's premises and they can then be detained till satisfaction is made for the damage and charges are paid...(Walker, p. 365)  1, record 9, English, - distress%20damage%20feasant

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut employer aussi, si le contexte le permet, l'équivalent abrégé «saisie pour commission de dommage».  1, record 9, French, - saisie%2Dgagerie%20pour%20commission%20de%20dommage

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

saisie-gagerie pour commission de dommage : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 9, French, - saisie%2Dgagerie%20pour%20commission%20de%20dommage

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Trespass in its civil law sense, and its penal sense too, connotes unjustified invasion of another's possession.  2, record 10, English, - trespass

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

trespass; violation du droit de propriété : equivalence officialized by the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs (Canada).  3, record 10, English, - trespass

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

trespass;violation du droit de propriété : Équivalence uniformisée au ministère des Affaires indiennes et du Nord canadien.  4, record 10, French, - violation%20du%20droit%20de%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

One who lives in close proximity to another.  2, record 11, English, - neighbour

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Qualified only by such concern for neighbours as was enacted by the law of nuisance and trespass, the landowner was virtually immune to demands for the safety of persons who came upon his land.  1, record 11, English, - neighbour

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

general meaning.  3, record 11, English, - neighbour

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish