TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

UNDER ATTACK [34 records]

Record 1 2024-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Fire-Fighting Techniques
  • Brush, Prairie and Forest Fires
DEF

The time between an initial attack and the moment a fire is considered under control.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Manœuvres d'intervention (incendies)
  • Incendies de végétation
DEF

Temps écoulé entre l'attaque initiale et la maîtrise [d'un] incendie.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 2023-05-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Microbiology and Parasitology
CONT

Foods with a parasitic bacterium, Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus. The addition of B. bacteriovorus, an obligate parasite of gram-negative bacteria, to meats and meat products reduces the gram-negative population, lengthens the shelf-life, and reduces the risks of food-borne illness. The organism is intended to be applied to the surface of the food, onto food contact surfaces by spraying or dipping, or as part of a sanitizing rinse. It may also be used on uncooked seafoods and whole eggs. High parasitic activity occurs under aerobic conditions, near neutral pH, and at temperatures [greater or equal] to 20°C. Many pathogens are susceptible to attack by the parasitic organism.

OBS

parasitic bacteria: plural of "parasitic bacterium."

Key term(s)
  • parasitic bacteria

French

Domaine(s)
  • Microbiologie et parasitologie
DEF

Bactérie qui vit aux dépens d'organismes appelés hôtes, sans leur causer de dommages pouvant entraîner la mort [...].

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Microbiología y parasitología
DEF

Bacteria que vive normalmente a expensas de otro organismo vivo, llamado huésped, porque necesita recibir el alimento ya preparado para consumirlo.

Save record 2

Record 3 2022-04-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Military Strategy
  • Security
CONT

Militarily, the work done under the Brussels Treaty reflected the strategic differences between France and Britain as to the strategy for defending Europe in the event of [an] outside attack... France and the Benelux countries advocated a forward defense strategy, in other words[, ] one which was carried as far towards the east of the European continent as possible.

Key term(s)
  • strategy of forward defence
  • strategy of forward defense

French

Domaine(s)
  • Stratégie militaire
  • Sécurité
CONT

Sur le plan militaire, les travaux du traité de Bruxelles illustrent les divergences stratégiques franco-britanniques sur la stratégie pour la défense de l'Europe en cas d'agression [...] La France, ainsi que les pays du Benelux préconisent une stratégie de défense en avant, c'est-à-dire portée le plus à l'Est possible du continent européen.

Spanish

Save record 3

Record 4 2018-07-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Defence Planning and Military Doctrine
  • Military Law
DEF

An entity protected under the law of armed conflict or rules of engagement and that therefore must not be made the object of attack.

OBS

no-strike entity; NSE: designations and definition officially approved by the Joint Terminology Panel in 2017.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Doctrine militaire et planification de défense
  • Droit militaire
DEF

Entité [qui est sous la protection] du droit des conflits armés ou [des] règles d'engagement [et] qui ne peut pas faire l'objet d'une attaque.

OBS

entité protégée; EP : désignations et définition uniformisées par le Groupe d’experts en terminologie interarmées en 2017.

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2017-10-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Vascular Surgery
CONT

Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) is a treatment for persons experiencing myocardial ischemia(inadequate blood flow to the heart) or myocardial infarction(heart attack).... Under x-ray guidance, a catheter is threaded through the femoral artery up into the aorta(large artery from the heart) and then gently advanced into the affected coronary artery. There, a balloon is used to open the coronary artery(balloon angioplasty) and restore blood flow. Sometimes a stent(a mesh-like metal tube that holds open the artery) is placed at that time to maintain good blood flow through the damaged area.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chirurgie vasculaire
CONT

L'incertitude concernant l'effet de l'intervention coronarienne percutanée (ICP) par rapport au traitement médical chez les patients ayant une angine stable demeure.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2017-02-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Aeronautical Engineering and Maintenance
CONT

Wing contamination, especially near the leading edge, can cause the wing stalling angle to be reached prior to any indication by the stall warning or stall pusher systems, especially during periods of high angles of attack, such as during the take-off rotation. The pilot will have little or no warning under these conditions.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Aérotechnique et maintenance
CONT

L'effet de la contamination des ailes, particulièrement près du bord d'attaque, peut faire que l'angle de décrochage de l'aile soit atteint avant que le klaxon de l'avertisseur de décrochage retentisse ou que le pousseur de manche entre en action, particulièrement durant les manœuvres à fort angle d'attaque, comme lors de la rotation au décollage.

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2016-03-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • System Names
  • Air Defence
  • Space Weapons
CONT

In combination with a laser fire control system also under development, the small-diameter missile could be used by attack aircraft, incorporated into a ship's self-defence system or used for ballistic missile defence within the atmosphere.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Noms de systèmes
  • Défense aérienne
  • Armes orbitales
CONT

Mis en œuvre en conjonction avec un système de conduite de tir à laser, ce missile est destiné à être lancé par des avions d'attaque, ou à être incorporé au dispositif d'autodéfense des navires, ou encore à être déployé pour la lutte contre les missiles balistiques dans l'atmosphère.

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2015-08-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Field Artillery
DEF

In artillery, a type of engagement which is used when the gun position is under direct attack and must be abandoned quickly.

OBS

The guns fire smoke ammunition directly at the advancing enemy and move quickly to the alternate gun position or to another location.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Artillerie de campagne
DEF

En artillerie, genre d'engagement utilisé lorsque la position de pièces subit une attaque directe et doit être abandonnée rapidement.

OBS

Les pièces tirent des obus fumigènes directement sur l'ennemi et se déplacent rapidement à la position de pièces de rechange ou à un autre endroit.

OBS

désengagement d'urgence avec tir fumigène : terme et définition uniformisés par le Comité de terminologie française du Conseil de doctrine et de tactique de l'Armée de terre.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 2015-06-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Tort Law (common law)
  • Health Law
  • Law of Obligations (civil law)
CONT

Consent secured by force or threat of force is not acceptable, nor is consent extracted from someone who is under the influence of drugs. Mere economic duress, however, is not sufficient to obliterate an otherwise valid consent, but this conclusion is increasingly under attack.... Young children cannot give a valid consent. Their parents must do so on their behalf.... In Johnston v. Wellesley Hospital, a 20-year-old underwent an acne treatment by a dermatologist when the age of majority was 21 years. The court held that the consent was operative because the plaintiff was capable of fully appreciating the nature and consequences of the treatment and could, therefore, validly agree to it.

CONT

There are four basic requirements of valid consent: (1) it must be voluntary; (2) it must be given by a person with capacity to consent; (3) it must refer to both the treatment and the provider of the treatment; and, finally, (4) it must be informed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des délits (common law)
  • Droit de la santé
  • Droit des obligations (droit civil)
CONT

Le consentement obtenu par la force ou des menaces d'utilisation de la force n'est pas valide. Il en est de même du consentement arraché à une personne qui est sous l'influence de médicaments. Les simples pressions économiques ne suffisent cependant pas à vicier un consentement par ailleurs valide, mais il faut reconnaître que ce principe est de plus en plus contesté. [...] Les jeunes enfants ne peuvent pas donner un consentement valide. Leurs parents doivent le faire à leur place. [...] Dans Johnston V. Wellesley Hospital, une personne de 20 ans avait subi un traitement contre l'acné administré par un dermatologue alors que l'âge de la majorité était de 21 ans. Le tribunal a décidé que le consentement était valide parce que le demandeur avait la capacité d'apprécier pleinement la nature et les conséquences du traitement et pouvait, par conséquent, donner un consentement valide.

OBS

Pour être valide, un consentement doit être libre, éclairé, explicite et donné par une personne apte.

OBS

consentement valide : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 2012-09-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Rights and Freedoms
  • Sociology of Childhood and Adolescence
  • Criminology
CONT

How often such tactics are used is unclear because captive children are injured and killed. Betty O., who was pregnant during her escape when her unit came under attack by a UPDF helicopter gunship, reported that her five-year-old son had been hit by a United People's Defence Force bomb during their escape and was wounded in the rib and back and now has no movement in his legs.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droits et libertés
  • Sociologie de l'enfance et de l'adolescence
  • Criminologie
CONT

On ne sait pas clairement si ces tactiques sont souvent employées, parce des enfants captifs de l'Armée de la résistance du Seigneur sont blessés et tués. Betty O., qui était enceinte quand elle s'est échappée à la faveur d'une attaque de son unité par des hélicoptères de combat, a rapporté que son enfant de cinq ans avait été touché par un éclat de bombe aux côtes et au dos, et qu'il a maintenant les jambes paralysées.

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2011-08-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds
Universal entry(ies)
C4H3OCH2OH
formula, see observation
C5H6O2
formula, see observation
0CH:CHCH:CCH2OH
formula, see observation
98-00-0
CAS number
DEF

A chemical compound which appears under the form of a colorless, mobile liquid becoming brown to dark-red upon exposure to light and air, which autopolymerizes with acid catalysts, often with explosive violence, to form a thermosetting resin that cures to an insoluble, infusible solid, highly resistant to chemical attack, and which is used as a flavoring agent, a penetrant, a solvent for dyes and resins, a wetting agent, in corrosion-resistant sealants and cements, foundry cores, furanpolymers and in modified urea-formaldehyde polymers.

OBS

furan-2-ylmethanol: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).

OBS

2-furanmethanol: CAS name.

OBS

furfuryl alcohol: incorrect form.

OBS

Chemical formula: C4H3OCH2OH or C5H6O2 or OCH:CHCH:CCH2OH

French

Domaine(s)
  • Éléments et composés chimiques
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
C4H3OCH2OH
formula, see observation
C5H6O2
formula, see observation
0CH:CHCH:CCH2OH
formula, see observation
98-00-0
CAS number
OBS

furan-2-ylméthanol : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).

OBS

alcool furfurylique : forme incorrecte.

OBS

Formule chimique : C4H3OCH2OH ou C5H6O2 ou OCH:CHCH:CCH2OH

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Elementos y compuestos químicos
Entrada(s) universal(es)
C4H3OCH2OH
formula, see observation
C5H6O2
formula, see observation
0CH:CHCH:CCH2OH
formula, see observation
98-00-0
CAS number
OBS

Líquido móvil, incoloro. Autopolimeriza con un catalizador ácido, formando una resina que cura u origina un sólido insoluble e infusible. Soluble en alcohol, cloroformo, benceno, agua. Combustible. Tóxico.

OBS

Fórmula química: C4H3OCH2OH o C5H6O2 o OCH:CHCH:CCH2OH

Save record 11

Record 12 2010-10-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of National Programs (Non-Canadian)
  • Defence Planning and Military Doctrine
  • Military Strategy
OBS

The Strategic Defense Initiative(SDI) was a proposal by U. S. President Ronald Reagan on March 23, 1983 to use ground and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles. The initiative focused on strategic defense rather than the prior strategic offense doctrine of mutual assured destruction(MAD). Though it was never fully developed or deployed, the research and technologies of SDI paved the way for some anti-ballistic missile system of today. The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization(SDIO) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defense to oversee the Strategic Defense Initiative. It gained the popular name Star Wars after the 1977 film by George Lucas. Under the administration of President Bill Clinton in 1993, its name was changed to the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization(DMDO) and its emphasis was shifted from national missile defense to theater missile defense; from global to regional coverage. BMDO was renamed to the Missile Defense Agency in 2002.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de programmes nationaux non canadiens
  • Doctrine militaire et planification de défense
  • Stratégie militaire
OBS

L'Initiative de défense stratégique (IDS), dite aussi «Guerre des étoiles», est un projet lancé le 23 mars 1983 par le président Ronald Reagan durant la guerre froide compte tenu d'une part de la poussée soviétique depuis la moitié des années 1970 et de la volonté des États-Unis à vouloir rester inviolables et invincibles sur leur sol et dans leurs zones protégées. «Pour contrer l'horrible menace des missiles soviétiques [...] un programme ambitieux est mis à l'étude pour protéger les États-Unis par un bouclier spatial, identifiant et anéantissant tout missile venu de la haute atmosphère».

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Títulos de programas nacionales no canadienses
  • Doctrina militar y planificación de defensa
  • Estrategia militar
OBS

La Iniciativa de Defensa Estratégica [SDI, por su sigla en inglés], comúnmente conocida como Guerra de las Galaxias (Star Wars) por la popular película de ciencia ficción de su tiempo, fue un sistema propuesto por el presidente estadounidense Ronald Reagan el 23 de marzo de 1983 para utilizar sistemas basados en tierra y en el espacio a fin de defender los Estados Unidos contra un ataque nuclear con misiles balísticos intercontinentales. La iniciativa estaba enfocada más hacia la defensa estratégica que hacia una política ofensiva como la anterior teoría de la Destrucción Mutua Asegurada o MAD.

Save record 12

Record 13 2010-06-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of International Programs
  • Aeroindustry
OBS

Two years ago, Agusta already believed that the A. 129 had an excellent chance of winning the US Army competition for the Advanced Scout Helicopter, but this program was discontinued. Despite its replacement by the Army Helicopter Improvement Program(AHIP) under which existing light helicopters are to be modified for a scout role in support of the AH-64 attack helicopter, Agusta still believes it has a chance to sell the A. 129 to the US Army as an advanced scout and has made extensive use allowances in the design for US requirements.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de programmes internationaux
  • Constructions aéronautiques

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 2007-02-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Land Mines
CONT

... the mine is programmed not to go off under the wheels or tracks of armoured vehicles, the priority being given to belly attack...

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mines terrestres
CONT

[...] le système est programmé pour ne pas déclencher la mine sous les roues ou les chenilles d'un engin blindé (priorité à l'action «ventrale») [...]

Spanish

Save record 14

Record 15 2006-10-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Deterioration of Metals
  • Chemistry
DEF

An abrasive wear accompanied by corrosion.

CONT

Fretting or friction corrosion occurs when vibration or in-flight loads causes oscillatory movement between faying surfaces. A form of chemical corrosion will occur if incompatible surface coatings come in contact; for example methyl ethyl ketone [used as a solvent in a number of fabric cements] will attack zinc chromate metal primers leaving the metal open to corrosion under the fabric.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Altération des métaux
  • Chimie
DEF

Phénomène résultant de l'action conjuguée de la corrosion et de l'usure, cette usure étant provoquée par un mouvement oscillatoire de glissement de deux surfaces en contact.

CONT

Corrosion par matage [...]. -Lorsque deux pièces forment un couple mécanique de rotation ou de roulement, on constate, dans certains cas, une corrosion localisée dont la trace correspond à l'empreinte d'une pièce sur l'autre (arbre sur palier, billes ou aiguilles sur chemins de roulement, etc.) [...] Les remèdes sont les suivants: [...] pour l'ensemble on évitera les vibrations.

OBS

Le mouvement qui engendre l'usure est uniquement oscillatoire.

Spanish

Save record 15

Record 16 2005-08-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Ecology (General)
DEF

A sudden increase in the population of a species (especially a pest species).

CONT

Under certain conditions, insects may attack a very large number of trees over a wide area. This is known as an outbreak. An outbreak often occurs in a vulnerable or ageing forest. An outbreak is more likely to occur in large stands of the same vulnerable species when populations of insect predators are too small.

OBS

outbreak: An outbreak generally relates to a negative event (pest outbreak); otherwise the term "irruption" is used to describe an abrupt increase in the number of a species.

PHR

Pest, animal, plant outbreak.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Écologie (Généralités)
DEF

Explosion de la population d'une espèce.

CONT

[...] la pullulation, c'est l'agrégation de plusieurs centaines ou milliers d'individus qui persistent à forte densité pendant des mois voire des années [...

OBS

Le terme pullulation, contrairement au terme anglais «outbreak», désigne une explosion démographique qui peut, sans distinction, avoir un effet négatif ou non pour l'environnement dans lequel elle se produit.

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 2004-12-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • International Public Law
DEF

(a) A Head of State, including any member of a collegial body performing the functions of a Head of State under the constitution of the State concerned, a Head of Government or a Minister for Foreign Affairs, whenever any such person is in a foreign State, as well as members of his family who accompany him;(b) Any representative or official of a State or any official or other agent of an international organization of an inter-governmental character who, at the time when and in the place where a crime against him, his official premises, his private accommodation or his means of transport is committed, is entitled pursuant to international law to special protection from any attack on his person, freedom or dignity, as well as members of his family forming part of his household.

OBS

Note: Art. 1, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crime against Internationally Protected Persons, Including Diplomatic Agents, 1973.

OBS

internationally protected person: Expression reproduced from the Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit international public
DEF

[...] tout chef d'État y compris chaque membre d'un organe collégial remplissant en vertu de la constitution de l'État considéré les fonctions de chef d'État; [...] tout chef de gouvernement ou [...] tout ministre des affaires étrangères, lorsqu'une telle personne se trouve dans un État étranger, ainsi que des membres de sa famille qui l'accompagnent, [...] tout représentant, fonctionnaire ou personnalité officielle d'un État et [...] tout fonctionnaire, personnalité officielle ou autre agent d'une organisation intergouvernementale, qui, à la date et au lieu où une infraction est commise contre sa personne, ses locaux officiels, son domicile privé ou ses moyens de transport, a droit conformément au droit international à une protection spéciale contre toute atteinte à sa personne, sa liberté ou sa dignité, ainsi que des membres de sa famille qui font partie de son ménage.

OBS

Note : Art. 1, résolution 3166 dans ONU-14F, 1973, p. 382.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Derecho internacional público
OBS

persona internacionalmente protegida: Expresión reproducida del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.

Save record 17

Record 18 2003-05-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Treatment of Wood
DEF

wood treated by applying pressure to force a preservative into it.

OBS

So the wood is pressure treated : a preservative is forced into the wood under pressure, making the timber resistant to attack by decay, moisture, and insects.(Ernest V. Hlyn et al., Do-It-Yourself Projects for Your Own Backyard, 1978, p. 113).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Traitement des bois
OBS

Les produits imperméabilisants ou hydrofuges permettent de maintenir le bois aux taux d'humidité désiré. On préserve le bois par [...] imprégnation profonde à l'autoclave, sous pression. (Ragon, Michel, Le livre de l'architecture moderne, 1958, p. 41).

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Tratamiento de la madera
Save record 18

Record 19 2002-03-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • CBRNE Operations
DEF

A coastline already specified within the NATO area which should be evacuated under threat of nuclear attack.

OBS

severely threatened coastline: term and definition standardized by NATO.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Opérations CBRNE
DEF

Littoral appartenant à la zone OTAN prévu dès à présent pour être évacué en cas de menace d'attaque nucléaire.

OBS

littoral gravement menacé : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Operaciones QBRNE
DEF

Línea de costa especificada dentro de una zona de la OTAN que debe ser evacuada cuando exista amenaza de ataque nuclear.

Save record 19

Record 20 2002-02-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • CBRNE Weapons
DEF

As specified by the commander, the risk to which friendly forces may be subjected from the effects of the detonation of a nuclear weapon used in the attack of a close-in enemy target; acceptable degrees of risk under differing tactical conditions are emergency, moderate, and negligible.

OBS

degree of nuclear risk: term and definition standardized by NATO.

OBS

degree of nuclear risk: term extracted from the "Disarmament and Peace Keeping" glossary with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Armes CBRNE
DEF

Risque auquel peuvent être soumises des forces amies lors de l'explosion d'une arme nucléaire utilisée pour l'attaque d'un objectif rapproché; il est évalué par le commandant de ces forces. Ce risque, acceptable dans certaines conditions tactiques, peut être qualifié d'exceptionnel, modéré ou négligeable.

OBS

risque nucléaire : terme et définition normalisés par l'OTAN.

OBS

niveau de risque nucléaire : terme tiré du lexique «Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Armas QBRNE
DEF

Es especificado por el mando, y es al que pueden estar sometidas las fuerzas propias como consecuencia de la explosión de un arma nuclear empleada en el ataque a blancos enemigos cercanos, los grados de riesgo difieren según la situación táctica y pueden ser clasificados como: de emergencia; moderados; despreciables.

Save record 20

Record 21 2001-11-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • Financial and Budgetary Management
  • Currency and Foreign Exchange
CONT

... under a fixed exchange rate, domestic credit expansion in excess of money demand growth leads to a gradual but persistent loss of international reserves and, finally, to a speculative attack on the currency.

OBS

In Great Britain, the Public Sector Borrowing Requirement less the sales of public sector debt to the nonbank private sector plus the increase in bank lending to the private and overseas sectors.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Gestion budgétaire et financière
  • Politique monétaire et marché des changes

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Gestión presupuestaria y financiera
  • Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
CONT

... en un régimen de paridad fija, toda expansión del crédito interno que sobrepase el crecimiento de la demanda de dinero da lugar a una pérdida gradual pero constante de reservas internacionales y, en definitiva, a un ataque especulativo sobre la moneda, que agota inmediatamente las reservas y obliga a las autoridades a abandonar la paridad.

Save record 21

Record 22 1998-11-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Plant Diseases
  • Silviculture
  • Forestry Operations
DEF

A special type of rot, developing under very wet conditions... in the outer wood layers, caused by cellulose-destroying microfungi, e. g. chaetomium ssp. that attack the secondary cell walls and not the intercellular layer.

OBS

soft sap rot: term standardized by ISO.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Maladies des plantes
  • Sylviculture
  • Exploitation forestière
DEF

Altération caractérisée par un ramollissement superficiel du bois qui acquiert une teinte grisâtre et présente souvent, en outre, un fendillement dans les directions longitudinale et transversale.

OBS

pourriture molle : terme normalisé par l'ISO et par l'AFNOR; ramollissement : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.

Spanish

Save record 22

Record 23 1998-11-28

English

Subject field(s)
  • Xylology (The Study of Wood)
DEF

A narrow, dark brown or black line of fungal or decomposition products formed in wood decaying under the attack of certain wood-destroying fungi; often delimiting small, irregular areas of decay.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Xylologie (Étude des bois)
DEF

Fine ligne de matières fongiques ou de pourriture de couleur allant du brun foncé au noir qui se forme dans le bois en état de décomposition par suite de l'invasion de champignons lignicoles souvent responsables de la création de petites surfaces irrégulières de carie.

Spanish

Save record 23

Record 24 1997-11-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Currency and Foreign Exchange
CONT

... under a fixed exchange rate, domestic credit expansion in excess of money demand growth leads to a gradual but persistent loss of international reserves and, finally, to a speculative attack on the currency.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Politique monétaire et marché des changes

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
CONT

... en un régimen de paridad fija, toda expansión del crédito interno que sobrepasase el crecimiento de la demanda de dinero da lugar a una pérdida gradual pero constante de reservas internacionales y, en definitiva, a un ataque especulativo sobre la moneda, que agota inmediatamente las reservas y obliga a las autoridades a abandonar la paridad.

Save record 24

Record 25 1994-08-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Committees and Boards (Admin.)
CONT

An attack on these problems has been under way following the report of a 1992-93 House of Commons all-party committee on regulatory reform.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Comités et commissions (Admin.)
CONT

On a commencé à s'attaquer à ces problèmes à la suite de la parution du rapport d'un comité de la Chambre des communes, composé de représentants de tous les partis, et qui a siégé en 1992-1993 pour discuter de la réforme de la réglementation.

Spanish

Save record 25

Record 26 1993-08-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Programs and Courses
OBS

Emergency Preparedness Canada. Under the program, essential government records would be preserved in the event of a nuclear attack or other major disaster.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de programmes et de cours

Spanish

Save record 26

Record 27 1993-06-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pulp and Paper
CONT

Lignin Preserving or Lignin Removal? Two approaches are used in the chemical bleaching of pulps. One approach is to utilize chemicals that selectively destroy some of the chromophoric groups, but do not materially attack lignin. The other approach is to almost totally remove residual lignin. The selective approach(often referred to as "brightening" to distinguish it from true bleaching) is used for high-yield pulps with significant lignin content. This methodology is limited in many cases to achieving brightness values in the 70's; but under favorable circumstances, values above 80 can be obtained. Although the brightness gains can be substantial, no known method of selective brightening produces a permanent effect; exposure to light and atmospheric oxygen causes the lignin to rapidly discolor, as can be readily observed with old newspapers.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Pâtes et papier

Spanish

Save record 27

Record 28 1988-03-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Landing Gear (Aeroindustry)
CONT

The system is based on a special landing gear called a jump strut, which works by giving the aircraft the proper attitude for take-off,.... First, the system extends the nose gear, raising the nose. A few milliseconds later, the main gear is activated(’jumps’) in its turn, increasing the distance between wheels and fuselage, while rotation continues. After a vertical leap of some 6ft, the aircraft slows and descends slightly because of the increased drag at the higher angle of attack. Finally, and virtually without a pause, the aircraft resumes its climb.... The jump strut is extended under pilot control by a nitrogen-charged actuator. Once fired, it is immediately vented to atmosphere to enable the gear to resume its normal shock-attenuating function should the take-off run have to be aborted.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Atterrisseur (Constructions aéronautiques)

Spanish

Save record 28

Record 29 1987-08-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Commercial Aviation
  • Statutes and Regulations (Air Transport)
CONT

The scheduled airlines are under attack from the consumer lobby at home and from US airlines abroad.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Aviation commerciale
  • Réglementation et législation (Transp. aérien)

Spanish

Save record 29

Record 30 1986-12-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Psychology
  • Logic (Philosophy)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Piaget relied heavily on logical formalisms;... but his grandiose claims have proved less robust than his specific experimental demonstrations. The logical formalisms underlying specific stages are invalid, the stages themselves are under attack, and his descriptions of the biological processes of stage transformation have eluded even sympathetic scholars.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie
  • Logique (Philosophie)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 30

Record 31 1982-06-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Aeroindustry
CONT

The GE F404 turbofan completed a 750-hr Simulated Mission Endurance Test in July 1980.(...) SMET involved 750 hours of factory running under simulated operational conditions and this is equivalent to about three years of service life. Missions simulated included air intercept, carrier landings, ground attack, familiarization flying and tactics.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Constructions aéronautiques
CONT

Le réacteur à double flux GE F404 a achevé en juillet 1980 un essai d'endurance en mission simulée de 750 heures.

Spanish

Save record 31

Record 32 1981-01-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Economics
OBS

Still other examples are provided by resale price maintenance laws of the Miller-Tydings(1937) type. These try to make it hard or impossible for one merchant to undersell another on given brand-name products. Recently these price-maintenance laws have more and more been under heavy attack by courts and the public; but Congress is still lobbied by their proponents.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Économique

Spanish

Save record 32

Record 33 1980-12-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • Industrial and Economic Psychology
  • Social Psychology
OBS

Encounter-group leadership behaviour that involves offering approval, praise, and encouragement and protecting members who are under attack.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Psychologie industrielle et économique
  • Psychologie sociale

Spanish

Save record 33

Record 34 1977-10-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Paleontology
DEF

the reflex action by which a leg, claw, tail, etc., as of a lobster, starfish, or lizard, is dropped off from the body when the part is damaged, or the animal is under attack(...)

French

Domaine(s)
  • Paléontologie
DEF

Mutilation réflexe d'une partie du corps chez certains animaux (...) pour échapper à un danger.

Spanish

Save record 34

Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank

© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2025
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau

Features

Language Portal of Canada

Access a collection of Canadian resources on all aspects of English and French, including quizzes.

Writing tools

The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.

Glossaries and vocabularies

Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.

Date Modified: