TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a machine learning technique that produces a prediction model in the form of an ensemble of weak prediction models.  3, record 1, English, - gradient%20boosting

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Gradient boosting ... produces accurate predictions by combining multiple decision trees into a single model. This algorithmic approach to predictive modeling ... uses base models to build upon their strengths, correcting errors and improving predictive capabilities. By capturing complex patterns in data, gradient boosting excels at diverse predictive modeling tasks.  4, record 1, English, - gradient%20boosting

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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L'amplification du gradient permet de tenir compte de plusieurs modèles d'un algorithme traditionnel. Cette technique peut être utilisée avec différents algorithmes comme l'arbre de décision et les forêts aléatoires [...] L'objectif principal de l'amplification du gradient est d'unifier les modèles dits faibles, afin de les rendre plus forts ensemble.  3, record 1, French, - amplification%20du%20gradient

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[The] gradient boosting algorithm is an ensemble learning method based on a combination of additive models(weak learners), which can gradually learn from the previous misclassifications to create a stronger learning model. This algorithm has been complemented with a feature selection process that increases the overall performance by extracting the most relevant features from the input data.  2, record 2, English, - gradient%20boosting%20algorithm

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Par rapport à un seul arbre de décision [...], l'apprentissage d'ensemble génère plusieurs arbres de décision afin d'obtenir une grande précision dans la prédiction. [...] l'algorithme d'amplification du gradient [...] combine plusieurs apprenants faibles en un apprenant fort en ajoutant séquentiellement des prédicteurs pour corriger son prédécesseur. L'erreur résiduelle est minimisée par l'ajout d'arbres [...]  2, record 2, French, - algorithme%20d%27amplification%20du%20gradient

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A plant compound … that has a chemical structure similar to that of estrogen and has weak estrogen-like biologic activity.  1, record 3, English, - phytoestrogen

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Available in foods (such as soy) and as nonprescription supplements.  1, record 3, English, - phytoestrogen

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La ménopause est une période difficile pour plusieurs femmes, notamment à cause des nombreux symptômes qu'elle occasionne. Plusieurs stratégies existent afin de réduire les symptômes ou d'en atténuer l'intensité. C'est le cas des phytoestrogènes, qui sont un dérivé provenant des plantes et qui s'apparentent fortement aux hormones féminines, les œstrogènes.  1, record 3, French, - phytoestrog%C3%A8ne

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Weak candidates provided a generic external audit planning memo, which included a discussion of risks of material misstatement at the overall financial statement level. As a result, weak candidates struggled to provide factors that increased the risk of fraud...  1, record 4, English, - at%20the%20overall%20financial%20statement%20level

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les candidats faibles ont présenté [une note] de planification de l'audit externe générique, qui comprenait une analyse des risques d'anomalies significatives au niveau des états financiers pris dans leur ensemble. Ils ont donc eu du mal à présenter des facteurs qui augmentaient le risque de fraude [...]  1, record 4, French, - au%20niveau%20des%20%C3%A9tats%20financiers%20pris%20dans%20leur%20ensemble

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If competition is weak... and results in a certain degree of supra-competitive profits, media owners will acquire some leeway to sacrifice profits in order... to subsidise content ideologically pleasing to them.  3, record 5, English, - supracompetitive%20profit

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

supracompetitive profit; supra-competitive profit: designations usually used in the plural.  4, record 5, English, - supracompetitive%20profit

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

profit supraconcurrentiel : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  4, record 5, French, - profit%20supraconcurrentiel

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An infection that occurs despite previous vaccination.  5, record 6, English, - vaccine%20breakthrough%20infection

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are a number of reasons that breakthrough infections may occur, including a weak or ineffective immune response to vaccination, decreased immunity over time and/or evolution of the virus.  6, record 6, English, - vaccine%20breakthrough%20infection

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quarante-deux études comprenant des essais contrôlés randomisés, des cohortes prospectives et des études cas-témoins ont été résumées afin d'estimer le nombre total d'infections post-vaccinales (c.-à-d. asymptomatiques et symptomatiques) après une série complète de vaccins primaires.  3, record 6, French, - infection%20postvaccinale

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las personas con infección posvacunal después de cualquier dosis también podrían considerar retrasar la siguiente dosis 3 meses.  1, record 6, Spanish, - infecci%C3%B3n%20posvacunal

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In spite of the lack of public attention abused parents have received, adolescent-to-parent violence has features that are common to all forms of family violence. Control and domination are central to domestic violence... and is a preeminent concern of all parents whose youth use violence against them. Adolescents who use violence at home perceive their parents as weak and ineffective and perceive themselves as lacking power... Adolescents use violence and abuse to take power away from their parents and to control decision making in their families.  2, record 7, English, - abused%20parent

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

parent maltraité : désignation normalisée par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 7, French, - parent%20maltrait%C3%A9

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This map goes beyond an inventory map and depicts areas that have the potential for landsliding. These areas are determined by correlating some of the principal factors that contribute to landsliding, such as steep slopes, weak geologic units that lose strength when saturated, and poorly drained rock or soil, with the past distribution of landslides.  1, record 8, English, - landslide%20susceptibility%20map

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans un premier temps, toutes les informations de base, telles la nature des sols, la géométrie des pentes, la présence de cicatrices de glissements de terrain anciens et récents, les zones en érosion en bordure des cours d'eau, ainsi que la localisation des forages et sondages utilisés pour la cartographie, sont indiquées sur une première carte appelée «carte de documentation». Ces informations de base sont ensuite compilées et analysées afin de produire, principalement à l'intention des géotechniciens, un deuxième type de carte, appelée «carte de susceptibilité aux glissements de terrain».  1, record 8, French, - carte%20de%20susceptibilit%C3%A9%20aux%20glissements%20de%20terrain

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Poaceae.  2, record 9, English, - European%20weak%20bluegrass

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

weak bluegrass : common name also used to refer to the species Poa saltuensis subsp. languida.  2, record 9, English, - European%20weak%20bluegrass

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Poaceae.  2, record 9, French, - p%C3%A2turin%20gr%C3%AAle

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[G]ramínea perteneciente a la familia Poaceae.  1, record 9, Spanish, - poa%20infirma

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The size and vigor of the animals determined the casting method. Small and weak animals were cast on concrete floors by lifting a foreleg followed by pushing, or simply by twisting the head of the animal and then binding the legs with rope. Vigorous animals such as buffalo were cast using ropes and human force.  1, record 10, English, - casting%20method

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Calves affected with CCUO are characterized at birth by bowed legs or sickle-shaped legs with weak joints(joint laxity), shortened legs(disproportionate dwarfism), and in some cases a notable underbite(superior brachygnathia).... Although the definitive cause of CCUO has not been determined, the condition in the Northern U. S. [United States] and Canada, has often been associated with sole feeding of fermented forages to spring-calving cows during mid-to late gestation.  3, record 11, English, - congenital%20chondrodystrophy%20of%20unknown%20origin

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] non-invasive brain stimulation technique which modulates cortical excitability and spontaneous brain activity by the application of weak electric currents through the scalp...  4, record 12, English, - transcranial%20electrical%20stimulation

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The techniques of transcranial current stimulation include] direct current (tDCS), alternating current (tACS) and random noise current stimulation (tRNS).  5, record 12, English, - transcranial%20electrical%20stimulation

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique de stimulation cérébrale non invasive qui module l'excitabilité corticale et l'activité cérébrale spontanée par l'application de faibles courants électriques à travers le cuir chevelu.  4, record 12, French, - stimulation%20%C3%A9lectrique%20transcr%C3%A2nienne

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La stimulation électrique transcrânienne (tES) comprend généralement les techniques suivantes : la stimulation transcrânienne à courant alternatif[,] la stimulation transcrânienne à courant direct [et] la stimulation transcrânienne par bruit aléatoire [...]  5, record 12, French, - stimulation%20%C3%A9lectrique%20transcr%C3%A2nienne

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La estimulación eléctrica transcraneal consiste en aplicar una corriente eléctrica de baja intensidad mediante electrodos situados sobre el cuero cabelludo.  1, record 12, Spanish, - estimulaci%C3%B3n%20el%C3%A9ctrica%20transcraneal

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the receive chain, the weak signals from the satellite are accepted by the same feed that carries the transmitter output.  3, record 13, English, - receive%20chain

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Weak artificial intelligence... refers to a type of AI that is designed to perform specific tasks within a narrow domain.  4, record 14, English, - weak%20artificial%20intelligence

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Email spam filters are [an] example of weak AI; a computer uses an algorithm to learn which messages are likely to be spam, then redirects them from the inbox to the spam folder.  5, record 14, English, - weak%20artificial%20intelligence

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une IA faible est définie comme une intelligence limitée à l'exécution de tâches précises […]  2, record 14, French, - intelligence%20artificielle%20faible

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In signal processing, the output of a process that compresses the dynamic range of a signal so that weak and strong signals are both displayed without changing the gain setting.  2, record 15, English, - logarithmic%20video

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

log video: designation and definition officially approved by the Joint Terminology Panel.  3, record 15, English, - logarithmic%20video

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans le contexte du traitement des signaux, sortie d'un processus qui comprime la distance dynamique d'un signal pour que les signaux faibles et forts soient tous affichés sans qu'il faille modifier le réglage du gain.  2, record 15, French, - vid%C3%A9o%20logarithmique

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

vidéo logarithmique : Au Canada francophone, cette désignation est généralement employée au masculin à l'oral.  3, record 15, French, - vid%C3%A9o%20logarithmique

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

vidéo logarithmique : désignation et définition uniformisées par le Groupe d'experts en terminologie interarmées.  3, record 15, French, - vid%C3%A9o%20logarithmique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The development of a neutrally buoyant groundline was undertaken to reduce the probability of large whale entanglements. The resulting product maintained a much lower profile in the water column compared to traditional groundlines[, ] but in hard bottom areas it was susceptible to chaffing and breaking. In order to reduce mortalities once large whales are entangled, a weak rope was developed, again with the addition of barium sulphate. The breaking strength of this product was 1, 065 pounds,... half the weight of traditional groundlines.  2, record 16, English, - neutrally%20buoyant%20groundline

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mise au point d'une ligne de fond à flottabilité neutre a été entreprise en vue de réduire les risques d'enchevêtrement de grosses baleines. Le produit qui en résulte est maintenu bien plus bas dans la colonne d'eau par rapport aux lignes de fond traditionnelles, mais dans les zones au fond dur, il était vulnérable au frottement et à l'usure. Pour réduire les mortalités une fois que les grandes baleines sont prises dans les filets, on a mis au point un câble de faible résistance recouvert de sulfate de baryum. La résistance à la rupture de ce produit était de 1 065 livres, ce qui [...] correspond à la moitié du poids des lignes de fond traditionnelles.  2, record 16, French, - ligne%20de%20fond%20%C3%A0%20flottabilit%C3%A9%20neutre

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The development of a neutrally buoyant groundline was undertaken to reduce the probability of large whale entanglements. The resulting product maintained a much lower profile in the water column compared to traditional groundlines[, ] but in hard bottom areas it was susceptible to chaffing and breaking. In order to reduce mortalities once large whales are entangled, a weak rope was developed, again with the addition of barium sulphate. The breaking strength of this product was 1, 065 pounds,... half the weight of traditional groundlines.  3, record 17, English, - groundline

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mise au point d'une ligne de fond à flottabilité neutre a été entreprise en vue de réduire les risques d'enchevêtrement de grosses baleines. Le produit qui en résulte est maintenu bien plus bas dans la colonne d'eau par rapport aux lignes de fond traditionnelles, mais dans les zones au fond dur, il était vulnérable au frottement et à l'usure. Pour réduire les mortalités une fois que les grandes baleines sont prises dans les filets, on a mis au point un câble de faible résistance recouvert de sulfate de baryum. La résistance à la rupture de ce produit était de 1 065 livres, ce qui [...] correspond à la moitié du poids des lignes de fond traditionnelles.  2, record 17, French, - ligne%20de%20fond

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Oral administration is the most convenient, economical, and common route of administration; it is generally safe for most drugs.... The small intestine is the primary site of absorption of most [orally administered] drugs because of the very large surface area across which drugs, including partially ionized weak acids and bases, may diffuse.  2, record 18, English, - absorption%20site

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'intestin grêle est le site d'absorption principal des médicaments administrés par voie orale [...]  2, record 18, French, - site%20d%27absorption

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A veering wind is a wind that turns clockwise with height. An example of a veering wind would be a southeast wind at the surface and a west wind at 700 millibars. The wind turns in the same direction as a clock from the surface to 700 millibars. A veering wind is associated with warm air advection and dynamic lifting... The magnitude of warm air advection is a function of wind speed and the pre-existing thermal gradient. Weak winds will result in weak advection. Winds often veer ahead of cold fronts(in the warm sector of a mid-latitude cyclone).  2, record 19, English, - veering%20wind

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vent tournant dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, par exemple du sud-est au sud-ouest en passant par le sud.  2, record 19, French, - vent%20dextrogyre

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cambio de la dirección del viento en el sentido de las agujas del reloj en cualquiera de los dos hemisferios.  1, record 19, Spanish, - viento%20con%20giro%20horario

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A persistent slab is an avalanche problem that is defined by a slab formed over a persistent weak layer.  2, record 20, English, - persistent%20slab

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une plaque persistante est un problème d'avalanche défini par une plaque qui se forme sur une couche fragile persistante.  2, record 20, French, - plaque%20persistante

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a refrozen layer directly overlain by a persistent weak layer, that is, one consisting of surface hoar, facets or depth hoar...  2, record 21, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is a poorly bonded crust near the base of the snowpack.  3, record 21, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

poorly bonded crust: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  4, record 21, English, - poorly%20bonded%20crust

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Près de la base du manteau neigeux, on trouve une croûte à faible adhérence.  1, record 21, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20%C3%A0%20faible%20adh%C3%A9rence

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

croûte à faible adhérence : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  2, record 21, French, - cro%C3%BBte%20%C3%A0%20faible%20adh%C3%A9rence

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the location where a person or machine initiates an avalanche.  2, record 22, English, - trigger%20point

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Possible trigger points include : the top of a steep slope; thin areas of the snowpack such as a shallow rocky start zone; locations where the snowpack has reached critical loading through windloading or new precipitation; places where a weak layer is especially weak; places where the snowpack is perforated by rocks or trees; combinations of the above.  2, record 22, English, - trigger%20point

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] endroit où une personne ou une machine déclenche une avalanche.  2, record 22, French, - point%20de%20d%C3%A9clenchement

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les points de déclenchement possibles incluent : le haut d'une pente abrupte; les secteurs où le manteau neigeux est mince, par exemple une zone de départ rocheuse et peu profonde; les endroits où la charge du manteau neigeux a atteint un point critique dû à des accumulations de neige par le vent ou à de nouvelles précipitations; les endroits où une couche fragile est particulièrement fragile; les endroits où le manteau neigeux est percé par des roches ou des arbres; une combinaison des éléments ci-dessus.  2, record 22, French, - point%20de%20d%C3%A9clenchement

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] snowpack test that involves drawing the back edge of a snow saw up the length of a known weak layer in a column of snow.  3, record 23, English, - propagation%20saw%20test

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

During the test, the weak layer is monitored and the [propagation saw] test is halted the moment it begins to independently propagate the fracture being initiated by the saw. The results of the test give a point observation of a weak layer's tendency to propagate a fracture once it has been initiated.  3, record 23, English, - propagation%20saw%20test

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] test du manteau neigeux au cours duquel on glisse le dos d'une scie à neige le long d'une couche fragile, dans une colonne de neige.  3, record 23, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Lors du test, la couche fragile est observée, et le test [de propagation à la scie] est arrêté aussitôt que la rupture initiale faite à la scie se propage de façon indépendante. Les résultats du test permettent une observation précise de la tendance d'une rupture à se propager, une fois qu'elle a été initiée.  3, record 23, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le test de propagation à la scie (PST [...]) permet d'estimer à partir de quelle longueur une fissure réalisée à la scie va se propager dans un bloc de neige prédécoupé et de comparer la propension à la propagation pour différents manteaux neigeux.  2, record 23, French, - test%20de%20propagation%20%C3%A0%20la%20scie

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[An] avalanche that occurs away from the point where it is triggered.  3, record 24, English, - remote%2Dtriggered%20avalanche

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Remote-triggered avalanches] happen when a slab fractures the weak layer below it but does not produce an avalanche at the site of the fracture. Instead, the fracture propagates along the weak layer until it reaches a portion of the slab that rests on a slope that is sufficiently steep to avalanche.  4, record 24, English, - remote%2Dtriggered%20avalanche

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 OBS

remote-triggered avalanche; remotely triggered avalanche: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  5, record 24, English, - remote%2Dtriggered%20avalanche

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] avalanche qui ne se produit pas à l'endroit où elle a été déclenchée.  2, record 24, French, - avalanche%20d%C3%A9clench%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20distance

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Les avalanches déclenchées à distance] surviennent lorsqu'une plaque provoque une rupture de la couche fragile en dessous, sans toutefois provoquer d'avalanche à l'endroit de la rupture. Celle-ci se propage plutôt le long de la couche fragile jusqu'à ce qu’elle atteigne une portion de la plaque qui repose sur une pente assez abrupte pour produire une avalanche.  2, record 24, French, - avalanche%20d%C3%A9clench%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20distance

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

avalanche déclenchée à distance : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  3, record 24, French, - avalanche%20d%C3%A9clench%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20distance

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Critical loading happens when new precipitation or windblown snow overloads a slab sitting on a weak layer. A slab that has reached its critical load may avalanche naturally or with a light trigger.  2, record 25, English, - critical%20loading

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une charge critique se produit lorsqu'une plaque se trouvant sur une couche fragile est surchargée par de nouvelles précipitations ou de la poudrerie. Une plaque ayant atteint sa charge critique peut produire une avalanche naturelle, ou une avalanche déclenchée par facteur déclencheur léger.  1, record 25, French, - charge%20critique

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a weak layer in the snowpack that resists forming a strong bond to neighbouring grains in the snowpack over an extended time period.  2, record 26, English, - persistent%20weak%20layer

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Persistent weak layers] can be composed of surface hoar, facets, or depth hoar.  2, record 26, English, - persistent%20weak%20layer

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

persistent weak layer : term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  3, record 26, English, - persistent%20weak%20layer

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] couche fragile du manteau neigeux qui ne forme pas de liaison solide avec les grains avoisinants du manteau neigeux, et ce pour une période prolongée.  2, record 26, French, - couche%20fragile%20persistante

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce type de couche peut être composé de givre de surface, de faces planes ou de givre de profondeur.  2, record 26, French, - couche%20fragile%20persistante

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 OBS

couche fragile persistante : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  3, record 26, French, - couche%20fragile%20persistante

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Deep persistent slabs are an avalanche problem defined by the presence of a weak layer, usually at or near the base of the snowpack that resists bonding to an overlying slab over an extended time period.  2, record 27, English, - deep%20persistent%20slab

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Persistent slabs can develop into deep persistent slabs as additional snow and wind events build a thicker slab.  3, record 27, English, - deep%20persistent%20slab

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les plaques profondes et persistantes sont un problème d'avalanche qui se définit par une couche fragile, habituellement à la base ou près de la base du manteau neigeux, qui n'adhère pas à la plaque sus-jacente, et ce pendant une période prolongée.  2, record 27, French, - plaque%20profonde%20et%20persistante

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The hypothesis that superheavy monopoles ... exist and that three natural forces - electromagnetism, radioactivity and nuclear bonding - are manifestations of a single grand force.  4, record 28, English, - grand%20unified%20theory

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grand unified theories aim to describe three of the four fundamental forces observed in nature-the weak, the strong and the electromagnetic forces-as manifestations of a single unified force.(The fourth force, gravity, is not incorporated in such theories.)  5, record 28, English, - grand%20unified%20theory

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La teoría de la gran unificación intenta unir en un único marco teórico las interacciones nuclear fuerte y nuclear débil, y la fuerza electromagnética. Esta teoría de campo unificado se halla todavía en proceso de ser comprobada.  2, record 28, Spanish, - teor%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20gran%20unificaci%C3%B3n

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Según] la Ortografía académica, los nombres de las teorías científicas se escriben con minúscula: modelo estándar, teoría de la gran unificación, teoría de cuerdas, teoría de la relatividad.  3, record 28, Spanish, - teor%C3%ADa%20de%20la%20gran%20unificaci%C3%B3n

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although weak force is considered one of the four fundamental forces, at high energy, the weak force, and electromagnetic force, are unified as a single electroweak force.  3, record 29, English, - electroweak%20force

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les interactions électrofaibles unifient, au niveau des particules fondamentales (hadrons et leptons), d'une part les interactions faibles, responsables de la radioactivité bêta et de divers processus de désintégration, et d'autre part les interactions électromagnétiques, bien connues à l'échelle macroscopique, où elles expliquent les différents phénomènes de l'électricité et du magnétisme, comme à l'échelle atomique ou nucléaire.  3, record 29, French, - force%20%C3%A9lectrofaible

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This article reexamines the rationales for and objections to universal jurisdiction, and argues that where public officials perpetrate serious international crimes, the arguments for upholding immunity are weak. In such cases, the arguments for universal criminal jurisdiction as a less invasive form of humanitarian intervention may be compelling. The article contends that the Security Council should withdraw immunity in such cases and that although this would be novel, there is both legal authority and historical precedent to support such action.  1, record 30, English, - withdraw%20immunity

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In bast fiber processing, there are only two main types of fiber; the long, straight, strong fibers called long line and the short, bent and/or weak fibers called tow.  2, record 31, English, - tow

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie la plus grossière et la plus courte des fibres libériennes, séparée pendant le teillage ou le peignage.  2, record 31, French, - %C3%A9toupe

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A wool grader classifies the whole fleece according to its grade(fineness) and length. The grader looks at fineness(fiber diameter) and crimp.... The grader also checks for weak fiber or tender spots along with a wool length determination. Finally the grader places the fleece with others that have similar characteristics.  2, record 32, English, - wool%20grader

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 PHR

expert wool grader  3, record 32, English, - wool%20grader

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When the forecast indicates near normal, [it] means that the forecast anomaly is weak and the forecast temperature is close to its 30 year average.  1, record 33, English, - near%20normal

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The forecasts are categorized as below normal, near normal and above normal.  1, record 33, English, - near%20normal

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les prévisions sont catégorisées comme étant sous la normale, près de la normale ou au-dessus de la normale.  1, record 33, French, - pr%C3%A8s%20de%20la%20normale

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An undeveloped cotton fiber.  1, record 34, English, - immature%20cotton

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The immature cotton] is weak, brittle, and lacking in convolutions; spinning and dyeing characteristics are unsatisfactory.  1, record 34, English, - immature%20cotton

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fibre de coton qui n'est pas parvenue à maturité [...]  3, record 34, French, - coton%20mort

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le coton mort] ne prend pas bien la teinture.  3, record 34, French, - coton%20mort

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Urogynecologists handle issues related to the pelvic floor and bladder. This includes overactive bladders, weak pelvic muscles, reproductive issues, and bladder or rectal incontinence(the loss of control when going to the bathroom). Urogynecologists perform evaluations, diagnose and treat patients.  1, record 35, English, - urogynecologist

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une jeune surspécialisation comme la nôtre a encore des obstacles à surmonter. De nombreux urogynécologues canadiens trouvent difficile de consacrer leur expertise aux affections du plancher pelvien [...].  2, record 35, French, - urogyn%C3%A9cologue

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The weak anthropic principle(WAP) is the truism that the universe must be found to possess those properties necessary for the existence of observers.  1, record 36, English, - weak%20anthropic%20principle

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le principe anthropique faible est communément défini comme un principe méthodologique visant à tenir compte de l'effet de sélection dont nous sommes victimes lorsque nous observons le cosmos.  2, record 36, French, - principe%20anthropique%20faible

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[A gauge boson is] a spin-one vector boson that mediates interactions governed by gauge theories. Examples of gauge bosons are photons in quantum electrodynamics, gluons in quantum chromodynamics, and W and Z bosons that mediate the interactions in the Weinberg–Salam model... unifying electromagnetic and weak interactions.  2, record 37, English, - gauge%20boson

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las partículas conocidas se dividen en fermiones y bosones de fase (o de "gauge"). Los bosones de fase son partículas de espín 1, o momento angular 1 h. Pueden considerarse los mediadores de las fuerzas entre los fermiones.  1, record 37, Spanish, - bos%C3%B3n%20de%20fase

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Strong cryptography or cryptographically strong are general terms applied to cryptographic systems or components that are considered highly resistant to cryptanalysis.... [The] term cryptographically strong is often used to describe an encryption algorithm, and implies, in comparison to some other algorithm(which is thus cryptographically weak), greater resistance to attack. But it can also be used to describe hashing and unique identifier and filename creation algorithms.  2, record 38, English, - cryptographically%20strong

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

El generador de números aleatorios será criptográficamente fuerte.  1, record 38, Spanish, - criptogr%C3%A1ficamente%20fuerte

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The wool taken from a starving animal [whose] fibers are weak, thin, and irregular.  4, record 39, English, - hunger%20fine%20wool

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Laine recueillie lors de la tonte d'animaux ayant subi des périodes de déficience alimentaire ou de maladie [et dont la] fibre présente alors un diamètre irrégulier sur toute sa longueur.  1, record 39, French, - laine%20maigre

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Global navigation satellite system(GNSS) ] positioning is affected by various measurement errors, such as ionospheric delay, tropospheric delay, and multipath effect. In addition, the GNSS signal is weak[;] it comes from 20, 000 to 30, 000 km away and is vulnerable to unintentional radio frequency interference or malicious interference(jamming and spoofing)... Therefore, it is of great significance to enhance the reliability and positioning accuracy of GNSS by other means... Many studies consider using signals of opportunity(SOP) for positioning when GNSS is unavailable or unreliable. These SOP include digital television[, ] Bluetooth[, low earth orbit(LEO), ] Wi-Fi[, ] vision[, ] 5 G [(fifth generation), ] and so on.  3, record 40, English, - opportunity%20signal

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

opportunity signal; signal of opportunity: designations usually used in the plural.  5, record 40, English, - opportunity%20signal

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

signal d'opportunité : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  2, record 40, French, - signal%20d%27opportunit%C3%A9

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Spatio-temporal models estimate the degree of information-sharing between neighboring points by estimating the shape of the covariance function from a specified family, which then allows the model to incorporate either strong or weak smoothing for predictions that are close in space and time. This can improve estimates for locations and times with low sample size, including for unsampled strata.  3, record 41, English, - spatio%2Dtemporal%20model

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A plant of the family Poaceae.  2, record 42, English, - weak%20bluegrass

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

weak bluegrass : common name also used to refer to the species Poa infirma.  2, record 42, English, - weak%20bluegrass

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plante de la famille des Poaceae.  2, record 42, French, - p%C3%A2turin%20faible

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A numerical technique for the calculation of optical fields in long structures with weak longitudinal inhomogeneities.  3, record 43, English, - beam%20propagation%20method

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique d'approximation pour simuler la propagation de la lumière dans des guides d'onde sous l'approximation d'une amplitude lentement variable.  1, record 43, French, - m%C3%A9thode%20de%20propagation%20de%20faisceau

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The kernels are white in colour and mid long and mid wide with very weak hairiness of the base. The basal hairs are short.  2, record 44, English, - basal%20hair

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le grain est blanc, de longueur et largeur moyennes, avec une pilosité basale très clairsemée. Les poils basaux sont courts.  2, record 44, French, - poil%20basal

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make that helps the body fight infections and ... diseases.  2, record 45, English, - immune%20system

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. The immune system also has the capacity to recognize and destroy abnormal cells that derive from host tissues. Any molecule capable of being recognized by the immune system is considered an antigen (Ag).  3, record 45, English, - immune%20system

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 PHR

deficient immune system, depressed immune system, strong immune system, weak immune system  4, record 45, English, - immune%20system

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Réseau complexe de cellules et d'organes qui fonctionne de façon équilibrée et intégrée pour contrer les attaques des bactéries, des virus, des parasites ou bien encore des champignons.  2, record 45, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20immunitaire

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le système immunitaire correspond à l'ensemble des mécanismes de défense de l'organisme. Il en existe deux types : innée et acquise. On appelle réponse immunitaire le déclenchement du système immunitaire face à une maladie.  3, record 45, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20immunitaire

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 PHR

système immunitaire affaibli, système immunitaire déficient, système immunitaire faible, système immunitaire fort  4, record 45, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20immunitaire

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conjunto de células y sustancias repartidas por todo el cuerpo cuya función es combatir infecciones y enfermedades, así como eliminar elementos ajenos al cuerpo humano.  3, record 45, Spanish, - sistema%20inmunitario

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

sistema inmunitario; sistema inmune; sistema inmunológico: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, recomienda llamar "sistema inmunitario" y no "sistema inmunológico" al sistema que tienen los seres vivos para protegerse de enfermedades y sustancias extrañas. [Asimismo aclara que] inmunológico es lo relacionado con la ciencia de la inmunología, como tal disciplina, mientras que para lo relacionado con la inmunidad la palabra más apropiada es inmunitario. [...] Aunque en propiedad "inmune" se aplica a los organismos resistentes a ciertas enfermedades, las Academias ya aceptan, por su amplio uso, "sistema inmune" como sinónimo de "sistema inmunitario".  2, record 45, Spanish, - sistema%20inmunitario

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 PHR

sistema inmunitario deficiente  4, record 45, Spanish, - sistema%20inmunitario

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 2 PHR

sistema inmune débil, sistema inmune fuerte  4, record 45, Spanish, - sistema%20inmunitario

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[The process of] modifying the molecular structure of a protein.  1, record 46, English, - denaturation

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Denaturation involves the breaking of many of the weak linkages, or bonds(e. g. hydrogen bonds), within a protein molecule that are responsible for the highly ordered structure of the protein in its natural(native) state. Denatured proteins have a looser, more random structure; most are insoluble.  1, record 46, English, - denaturation

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En biochimie, la dénaturation est une altération de la structure moléculaire d'une protéine qui rend celle-ci non fonctionnelle. Elle est un changement structurel des protéines ou des acides nucléiques où ils perdent leur structure native et, de cette manière, leur fonctionnement optimal et modifient parfois leurs propriétés physico-chimiques.  1, record 46, French, - d%C3%A9naturation

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sonar Sounding Equipment.... Modern depth finders have [a] receiver-amplifier for amplifying the weak echo energy picked up by the transducer.  3, record 47, English, - receiver%20amplifier

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sondeur et ses éléments. […] À la réception, le signal acoustique est transformé en signal électrique par le transducteur, puis amplifié de manière fixe dans l'amplificateur de réception […]  3, record 47, French, - amplificateur%20de%20r%C3%A9ception

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... our ability to predict or measure changes due to human activities if often very weak at the level of the population. This may be attributed partly to our lack of understanding of the mechanisms that control population variables, and partly to the extreme natural variability inherent in such variables.  1, record 48, English, - population%20variable

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the ecological models presented in [the] study already show a weak but positive causal relationship between some gastrointestinal diseases and Atoyac River contamination by TCB [total coliform bacteria] as the main indicator of bacterial pollution of water.  2, record 49, English, - bacterial%20pollution

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les faibles concentrations de bactéries indicatrices de contamination fécale observées dans les échantillons de sable de plage prélevés à l'aide de fosses d'exploration dans des conditions sèches [...] donnent à penser que ni le sable ni l'eau souterraine ne constituaient des sources importantes de pollution bactérienne de la plage Parlee pendant la période d'échantillonnage.  1, record 49, French, - pollution%20bact%C3%A9rienne

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dynamic password generators or temporary password generators may cause a security breach if their password generator algorithm is weak or based on some guessable parameter...  2, record 50, English, - temporary%20password%20generator

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Truss sag is usually caused by—1. [excessive] loads; 2. [overspanning] ;3. [weak] connectors; 4. [cut] or damaged webs or chords.... A sagging truss will... often show up as a large dish in the roof.  2, record 51, English, - truss%20sag

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A rooftop antenna allows you to watch more television stations by picking up broadcast signals that are too weak for your indoor antenna to recognize.  1, record 52, English, - rooftop%20antenna

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Antenne radio AM/FM électronique de toit avec rallonge 4,5 mètres. Grâce à sa faible hauteur, cette antenne de toit est idéale pour les véhicules hauts.  1, record 52, French, - antenne%20de%20toit

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] antena de techo [...] solo para radio de coche FM/AM, no para navegación o teléfono.  1, record 52, Spanish, - antena%20de%20techo

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Negative testing ensures that your application can gracefully handle invalid input or unexpected user behavior. For example, if a user tries to type a letter in a numeric field, the correct behavior... would be to display [an error] message. The purpose of negative testing is to detect such situations and prevent applications from crashing. Also, negative testing helps you improve the quality of your application and find its weak points.  2, record 53, English, - negative%20testing

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Negative testing is performed to ensure that the product or application under test does not fail when an unexpected input is given. The purpose of negative testing is to break the system and to verify the application response during unintentional inputs.  3, record 53, English, - negative%20testing

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... a depreciated exchange rate is typically unpopular with monetary hard-liners, especially in the financial community. This is because it tends to be inflationary, and because assets denominated in a weak currency tend to be less attractive to investors.  2, record 54, English, - monetary%20hardliner

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Many masonry buildings had sustained very significant damage to walls, in the form of X(double-diagonal shear) cracking, typical of weak reinforced masonry walls in shear... However, this cracking seldom reaches total collapse. But the triangular sections of the X crack can become unstable, leading to collapse when a full X crack occurs during an earthquake...  2, record 55, English, - X%20crack