TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An early form of low-pressure discharge tube whose cathode was a flat aluminum disk at one end of the tube, and whose anode was a wire at one side of the tube, outside the electron stream.  1, record 1, English, - Crookes%20tube

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[The Crookes tube is] used to study cathode rays.  1, record 1, English, - Crookes%20tube

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tube à rayons X, utilisé dans les premières décennies de la radiologie, contenant un gaz raréfié (habituellement de l'air).  1, record 1, French, - tube%20de%20Crookes

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce type de tube fut inventé par William Crookes. Le gaz était ionisé sous l'action de la différence de potentiel établie entre une anode et une cathode. Les ions positifs, accélérés vers la cathode y provoquait l'éjection d'électrons qui se précipitaient sur une anticathode, au même potentiel positif que l'anode, où ils provoquaient l'émission de rayons X; cette émission instable et difficilement réglable l'a fait abandonner à l'apparition du tube Coolidge.  1, record 1, French, - tube%20de%20Crookes

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A Geiger-Mueller(GM) tube is a gas-filled radiation detector. It commonly takes the form of a cylindrical outer shell(cathode) and the sealed gas-filled space with a thin central wire(the anode) held at [approximately] 1 kV [kilovolt] positive voltage with respect to the cathode. The fill gas is generally argon at a pressure of less than 0. 1 atm [atmosphere] plus a small quantity of a quenching vapor …  1, record 2, English, - fill%20gas

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Détection et mesures des rayonnements nucléaires.] Gaz de remplissage : son choix est important puisque le développement de l’avalanche dépend largement de la dérive des électrons primaires. Toute trace d’oxygène doit être proscrite et on utilise le plus souvent un gaz rare (comme Ar [argon] ou Kr [krypton] ou Xe [xénon]) pour augmenter l’efficacité s’il s’agit de détecter des photons. Pour la détection des neutrons, on utilise d’autres gaz moins classiques. Ce gaz est souvent enfermé dans une enceinte scellée (emploi plus commode) ou peut être recyclé en permanence dans le compteur (dans la détection des particules chargées en particulier).  1, record 2, French, - gaz%20de%20remplissage

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In 1956, Harley and Pretorius described a simple discharge detector for gas chromatography based on the electrical properties of a glow discharge, the voltage across the gaseous discharge being a function of the type of gas present. Druyvesteyn and Penning in 1940 reviewed the complex nature of the glow discharge, noting that the discharge is maintained by electrons emitted from the cathode which result from processes related to positive ion bombardment, photoelectric emission, and collisions with excited atoms. When trace quantities of a material eluted from a chromatographic column enter the detector(consisting of a small platinum disk cathode and a tungsten wire anode), a voltage change resulted which was recorded.  2, record 3, English, - glow%20discharge%20detector

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Using neon lamps Pitkethly found ... that these detector were current and pressure independent at 1-1.5 mS and 3-5 mm Hg .... In 1958, Roberts and Hinkle evaluated glow discharge tubes as detectors for compounds in the concentration range of 5-500 ppm and concluded that the detector was not applicable to general-purpose use .... More recently, Wilhite described glow discharge-type devices which act electrically similar to a gas-filled voltage-regulator tube ... Riley described the use of an argon purity meter, a glow-type discharge detector, for the determination of small concentrations (0-1500 ppm) of impurity gases in argon.  2, record 3, English, - glow%20discharge%20detector

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

field ionization. A relatively gentle ionization procedure in mass spectrometry in which the sample is subjected to a high voltage field of about 10 kV using a knife edge or wire anode placed about 1 mm away from the cathode forming the exist slit of the ionization chamber.  3, record 4, English, - field%20ionization%20mass%20spectrometry

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'application d'un champ électrique d'intensité suffisante peut ioniser des gaz ou des solides (ionisation de champ).  2, record 4, French, - spectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20par%20ionisation%20de%20champ

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish