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WOOD BLEACHING [7 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2011-08-29
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
Universal entry(ies) Record 1
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- potassium dichromate
1, record 1, English, potassium%20dichromate
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- potassium bichromate 2, record 1, English, potassium%20bichromate
correct
- red potassium chromate 3, record 1, English, red%20potassium%20chromate
correct
- dichromate of potash 4, record 1, English, dichromate%20of%20potash
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A chemical compound in the form of bright yellowish red transparent crystals, has a bitter metallic taste. 5, record 1, English, - potassium%20dichromate
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Utilization : Oxidizing agent(chemicals, dyes, intermediates), analytical reagent, brass pickling compositions, electroplating, pyrotechnics, explosives, safety matches, textiles, dyeing and printing, chrome glues and adhesives, chrome tanning leather, wood stains, poison fly paper, process engraving and lithography, synthetic perfumes, chrome alum manufacture, pigments, alloys, ceramic products, depolarizer in dry cell batteries, bleaching fats and waxes. 5, record 1, English, - potassium%20dichromate
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Chemical formula: K2Cr2O7 5, record 1, English, - potassium%20dichromate
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 1
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- dichromate de potassium
1, record 1, French, dichromate%20de%20potassium
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- bichromate de potassium 2, record 1, French, bichromate%20de%20potassium
masculine noun, obsolete
- bichromate de potasse 2, record 1, French, bichromate%20de%20potasse
masculine noun
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Formule chimique : K2Cr2O7 3, record 1, French, - dichromate%20de%20potassium
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Elementos y compuestos químicos
Entrada(s) universal(es) Record 1
Record 1, Main entry term, Spanish
- bicromato potásico
1, record 1, Spanish, bicromato%20pot%C3%A1sico
masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 1, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Fórmula química: K2Cr2O7 2, record 1, Spanish, - bicromato%20pot%C3%A1sico
Record 2 - internal organization data 2011-08-22
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Pharmacy
- Food Additives
- Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
Universal entry(ies) Record 2
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- hydrogen peroxide
1, record 2, English, hydrogen%20peroxide
correct, see observation
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
- dioxidane 2, record 2, English, dioxidane
correct
- dihydrogen dioxide 3, record 2, English, dihydrogen%20dioxide
avoid
- hydrogen dioxide 4, record 2, English, hydrogen%20dioxide
former designation, correct
- hydroperoxide 3, record 2, English, hydroperoxide
avoid
- peroxide 5, record 2, English, peroxide
avoid, see observation
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A binary compound of hydrogen and oxygen, empirical formula H2O2, used mostly in dilute aqueous solutions as an oxidizing agent [and of which the] most remarkable feature is its tendency to decompose readily into water and oxygen, the first instance of contact analysis. 6, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Use :Bleaching and deodorizing of textiles, wood pulp, hair, fur, etc. ;source of organic and inorganic peroxides; pulp and paper industry; plasticizers; rocket fuel; foam rubber; manufacture of glycerol; antichlor; dyeing; electroplating; antiseptic; laboratory reagent; epoxidation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and reduction; viscosity control for starch and cellulose derivatives; refining and cleaning metals; bleaching and oxidizing agent in foods; neutralizing agent in wine distillation; seed disinfectant; substitute for chlorine in water and sewage treatment. 7, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Also known under a large number of commercial designations, such as: Albone; Hioxyl; Inhibine; Interox; Kastone; Oxydol; Perhydrol (hydroxide peroxide 30%, q.v.); Perone; Peroxan; Superoxol. 8, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS
hydrogen peroxide: Refers to the anhydrous form (i.e. "anhydrous hydrogen peroxide"), but the term is also commonly used for hydrogen peroxide solutions (marketed as solutions in water concentrations of 3 to 90% by weight). See also "hydrogen peroxide solution." 9, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 4 OBS
hydrogen peroxide: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). 2, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 5 OBS
peroxide: This term is used in common usage as an abbreviation for "hydrogen peroxide" but must not be considered as a true synonym of this latter term in a systematic sense; it does not correspond to the CAS number for "hydrogen peroxide." 2, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 6 OBS
Molecular formula: H2O2; Structural formula: H—O—O—H 7, record 2, English, - hydrogen%20peroxide
Record 2, Key term(s)
- anhydrous hydrogen peroxide
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Pharmacie
- Additifs alimentaires
- Préparation de la pâte à papier
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 2
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- peroxyde d'hydrogène
1, record 2, French, peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
correct, see observation, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
- dioxidane 2, record 2, French, dioxidane
correct, masculine noun
- eau oxygénée pure 3, record 2, French, eau%20oxyg%C3%A9n%C3%A9e%20pure
see observation, feminine noun
- bioxyde d'hydrogène 4, record 2, French, bioxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
avoid, masculine noun, rare
- peroxyde 5, record 2, French, peroxyde
see observation, masculine noun
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[...] espèce chimique [de] formule H2O2 [qui] se présente sous la forme d'un liquide bleu pâle sirupeux, qui se solidifie à -0,46 °C et qui est nettement plus dense que l'eau [...] 6, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
On distingue notamment : a) l'eau oxygénée concentrée, solution aqueuse acide contenant 30 % en poids de peroxyde d'hydrogène, utilisée avec précautions contre certaines lésions de la peau; b) l'eau oxygénée officinale, contenant environ 3 % en poids (8 à 12 % en volume) de peroxyde d'hydrogène, utilisée comme hémostatique et comme désinfectant. L'eau oxygénée concentrée à 20 volumes est utilisée pour la décoloration des cheveux. 7, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT
On ne peut faire bouillir l'eau oxygénée pure sous la pression atmosphérique normale, car le liquide se décompose auparavant; il est en effet thermodynamiquement instable à la température ordinaire [...] 6, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On appelle ordinairement eau oxygénée les mélanges d'eau et de peroxyde d'hydrogène. 6, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS
peroxyde d'hydrogène : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée). 2, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 3 OBS
peroxyde : Ce terme est utilisé dans la vie courante comme abréviation de «peroxyde d'hydrogène», mais n'est pas un synonyme de ce dernier terme au sens strict; ce nom ne correspond pas au numéro CAS (du Chemical Abstracts Service) pour le peroxyde d'hydrogène. La prudence s'impose donc dans son emploi. Voir aussi l'autre fiche pour «peroxyde». 2, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 4 OBS
À une concentration de 30 % il est commercialisé sous le nom de «Perhydrol» (voir aussi cette fiche). 8, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 5 OBS
Formule chimique : H2O2 8, record 2, French, - peroxyde%20d%27hydrog%C3%A8ne
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Elementos y compuestos químicos
- Farmacia
- Aditivos alimentarios
- Preparación de la pasta (fabricación de papel)
Entrada(s) universal(es) Record 2
Record 2, Main entry term, Spanish
- peróxido de hidrógeno
1, record 2, Spanish, per%C3%B3xido%20de%20hidr%C3%B3geno
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 2, Synonyms, Spanish
- peróxido 2, record 2, Spanish, per%C3%B3xido
masculine noun
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Líquido incoloro, insoluble en alcohol y agua. Las soluciones concentradas son tóxicas e irritantes. Riesgo de explosión. Agente oxidante. 3, record 2, Spanish, - per%C3%B3xido%20de%20hidr%C3%B3geno
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Fórmula química: H2O2 4, record 2, Spanish, - per%C3%B3xido%20de%20hidr%C3%B3geno
Record 3 - internal organization data 2011-03-21
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
- Plastics Manufacturing
Universal entry(ies) Record 3
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- sodium borohydride
1, record 3, English, sodium%20borohydride
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- sodium tetrahydroborate 2, record 3, English, sodium%20tetrahydroborate
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
sodium borohydride. Properties : White crystalline powder; soluble in water, ammonia, amines, pyridine, and dimethyl ether of diethylene glycol; insoluble in other ethers, hydrocarbons and alkyl chlorides.... Derivation : By reaction of sodium hydride and trimethyl borate at 250°C... Uses : Source of hydrogen and other borohydrides. Reduces aldehydes, ketones and acid chlorides; bleaching wood pulp; blowing agent for plastics; precipitation of mercury from waste effluent(by reduction) ;decolorizer for plasticizers... 3, record 3, English, - sodium%20borohydride
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Chemical formula: NaBH4 or BH4Na 4, record 3, English, - sodium%20borohydride
Record 3, Key term(s)
- sodium borohydride salts
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Préparation de la pâte à papier
- Plasturgie
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 3
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- borohydrure de sodium
1, record 3, French, borohydrure%20de%20sodium
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Blanchiment réducteur. Ce projet explore les pouvoirs de blanchiment et d'inhibition de la réversion de blancheur d'agents réducteurs dérivés du bore. Le borohydrure de sodium (NaBH4) est un agent réducteur connu, mais son coût est trop élevé pour qu'il soit utilisé dans l'industrie des pâtes et papiers. 2, record 3, French, - borohydrure%20de%20sodium
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Formule chimique : NaBH4 ou BH4Na 3, record 3, French, - borohydrure%20de%20sodium
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 1998-08-12
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- bleach plant
1, record 4, English, bleach%20plant
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- bleachery 2, record 4, English, bleachery
correct
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Bleaching carries further the fiber purification accomplished in the pulping process. In the case of wood pulp, traces of lignin and other colored substances are removed or converted to colorless forms by bleaching. Most bleaching processes use an oxidizing agent(chlorine, a hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, or hydrogen peroxide)... Bleaching of wood pulp usually is carried out in stages(from three to six or seven separate operations)... 3, record 4, English, - bleach%20plant
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Bleaching: A process, after pulping, in which coloured ligneous material and other coloured matter remaining in the pulp are selectively removed in several stages with as little degradation of the pulp fibres as possible leaving whiter cellulosic constituents in the fibres. 4, record 4, English, - bleach%20plant
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Préparation de la pâte à papier
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- usine de blanchiment
1, record 4, French, usine%20de%20blanchiment
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- atelier de blanchiment 2, record 4, French, atelier%20de%20blanchiment
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Dans l'usine de blanchiment [...] on trouvera, pour chaque stade, des épaississeurs [...] pour amener la pâte à la concentration voulue, des mélangeurs [...] pour mettre en contact la pâte et le réactif, des cuviers de blanchiment [...] dans lesquels séjourne la pâte à chaque stade, et des piles laveuses ou piles blanchisseuses [...] pour séparer la pâte du réactif. 1, record 4, French, - usine%20de%20blanchiment
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On ne sait pas avec certitude ce qui donne à la pâte sa coloration [...] Il semble que la lignine, qui est [...] un corps blanc dans le spectre visible, subisse des transformations au cours de la cuisson, donnant des complexes colorants [...] Le blanchiment consiste donc à éliminer ces composants colorés. 1, record 4, French, - usine%20de%20blanchiment
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Suivant la nature des pâtes papetières et leur utilisation, le blanchiment se fera en un ou plusieurs stades [...] Le blanchiment des pâtes à haut rendement consiste à décolorer la lignine par des agents oxydants ou réducteurs (...) Les réactifs les plus employés sont le peroxyde d'hydrogène et le peroxyde de sodium. 1, record 4, French, - usine%20de%20blanchiment
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 1996-05-17
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Water Treatment (Water Supply)
- Pulp and Paper
- Anti-pollution Measures
- Water Pollution
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- rapid infiltration process
1, record 5, English, rapid%20infiltration%20process
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Color removal. The brown color of pulp mill effluents originates with the wood handling, chemical pulping and bleaching operations, and is due to the presence of tannin and lignin derivatives.... Coagulation processes are now preferentially applied to wastewaters following secondary treatment because of more complete color removal. It has also been found that the biological process itself causes the formation of additional color. The rapid infiltration process appears to be a good choice for color removal at mill sites with suitable topography and subsoil characteristics. In this method, the wastewater is percolated through porous subsoil strata before reaching the receiving water. The color is removed by adsorption and precipitation onto soil particles. Because the soil strata becomes rather rapidly saturated, it is necessary to operate a number of basins intermittently, allowing time between dosages for regeneration of the adsorbing surfaces. 1, record 5, English, - rapid%20infiltration%20process
Record 5, Key term(s)
- rapid infiltration
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Traitement des eaux
- Pâtes et papier
- Mesures antipollution
- Pollution de l'eau
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- infiltration rapide
1, record 5, French, infiltration%20rapide
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Suppression de la couleur. La couleur marron des effluents des usines de pâtes et papiers provient des opérations de manutention du bois, de la mise en pâte par un procédé chimique et du blanchiment; elle est due à la présence de tannins et de dérivés de la lignine. [...] L'infiltration rapide est une technique apparemment très prometteuse utilisée pour supprimer la couleur quand la topographie et les caractéristiques du sous-sol le permettent : l'effluent percole à travers les strates poreuses du sous-sol avant d'arriver au niveau des eaux réceptrices, et les produits colorés sont éliminés par adsorption et précipitation sur les particules du sol. Comme le sol se sature rapidement, il faut utiliser plusieurs bassins en alternance afin de disposer d'un temps suffisant pour régénérer les surfaces adsorbantes. La régénération du terrain se produit par oxydation biologique naturelle. 1, record 5, French, - infiltration%20rapide
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 1996-05-17
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Water Treatment (Water Supply)
- Paper Manufacturing Processes
- Anti-pollution Measures
- Water Pollution
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- color removal
1, record 6, English, color%20removal
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Color removal. The brown color of pulp mill effluents originates with the wood handling, chemical pulping and bleaching operations, and is due to the presence of tannin and lignin derivatives. These compounds are slow to biodegrade and are usually little affected by conventional secondary treatment methods. Changes in plant design(e. g., elimination of wet debarking, bleach process modifications) have been successful in lowering effluent color, but the problem remains serious in situations where the dilution factor in the receiving water is low. 1, record 6, English, - color%20removal
Record 6, Key term(s)
- colour removal
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Traitement des eaux
- Fabrication du papier
- Mesures antipollution
- Pollution de l'eau
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- suppression de la couleur
1, record 6, French, suppression%20de%20la%20couleur
correct, feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Suppression de la couleur. La couleur marron des effluents des usines de pâtes et papiers provient des opérations de manutention du bois, de la mise en pâte par un procédé chimique et du blanchiment; elle est due à la présence de tannins et de dérivés de la lignine. Ces composés mettent longtemps à se dégrader par voie biologique et ils sont peu sensibles aux méthodes classiques de traitement secondaire. Bien que l'on ait réussi dans certaines usines à produire des effluents moins colorés (par exemple en modifiant le procédé de blanchiment), le problème reste entier dans les endroits où le facteur de dilution par les eaux réceptrices est faible. 1, record 6, French, - suppression%20de%20la%20couleur
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 1993-06-15
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Pulp Preparation (papermaking)
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- bleaching agent
1, record 7, English, bleaching%20agent
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- bleaching chemical 2, record 7, English, bleaching%20chemical
correct
- bleach chemical 3, record 7, English, bleach%20chemical
correct
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A variety of chemicals used in the bleaching of wood pulp such as chlorine... sodium hypochlorite... calcium hypochlorite... chlorine dioxide... peroxide... sodium chlorite... oxygen... and others. 1, record 7, English, - bleaching%20agent
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Préparation de la pâte à papier
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- réactif de blanchiment
1, record 7, French, r%C3%A9actif%20de%20blanchiment
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Les pâtes au sulfate (...) requièrent un plus grand nombre de stades pour obtenir environ 85 points. Pour atteindre les degrés de blancheur les plus élevés, elles exigent l'emploi de réactifs coûteux, comme le bioxyde de chlore ou le peroxyde. 2, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9actif%20de%20blanchiment
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Tous les réactifs (chlore, eau de javel, bioxyde de chlore) utilisés pour le blanchiment s'obtiennent à partir du chlorure de sodium (sel ordinaire) décomposé par électrolyse en ses éléments chlore et sodium. 3, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9actif%20de%20blanchiment
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS
On trouvera la 2e observation ci-haut dans le résumé des articles 3.6 à 3.6.4 du Cours de formation papetière de Jean Vilars. 4, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9actif%20de%20blanchiment
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
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