TERMIUM Plus®
From: Translation Bureau
On social media
Consult the Government of Canada’s terminology data bank.
WORLD RESERVES [17 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2025-09-11
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Foreign Trade
- Customs and Excise
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- safeguard the balance of payments
1, record 1, English, safeguard%20the%20balance%20of%20payments
correct, verb
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
WTO [World Trade Organization] members may use [the article on] restrictions to safeguard the balance of payments... to impose import restrictions to shore up deteriorating foreign exchange reserves. 2, record 1, English, - safeguard%20the%20balance%20of%20payments
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Commerce extérieur
- Douanes et accise
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- protéger l'équilibre de la balance des paiements
1, record 1, French, prot%C3%A9ger%20l%27%C3%A9quilibre%20de%20la%20balance%20des%20paiements
correct, verb
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Les] membres de l'OMC [Organisation mondiale du commerce] peuvent recourir à l'article [portant sur les] restrictions destinées à protéger l'équilibre de la balance des paiements [...] pour imposer des restrictions à l'importation en vue de consolider des réserves en devises qui se détériorent. 2, record 1, French, - prot%C3%A9ger%20l%27%C3%A9quilibre%20de%20la%20balance%20des%20paiements
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Comercio exterior
- Aduana e impuestos internos
Record 1, Main entry term, Spanish
- proteger la balanza de pagos
1, record 1, Spanish, proteger%20la%20balanza%20de%20pagos
verb phrase
Record 1, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 1, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2017-02-06
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- world exchange reserves 1, record 2, English, world%20exchange%20reserves
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
world exchange reserves : term extracted from the “Glossaire de l'économie” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2, record 2, English, - world%20exchange%20reserves
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- volume global des liquidités mondiales
1, record 2, French, volume%20global%20des%20liquidit%C3%A9s%20mondiales
masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
volume global des liquidités mondiales : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’économie» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques. 2, record 2, French, - volume%20global%20des%20liquidit%C3%A9s%20mondiales
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2015-10-15
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- liquid reserve
1, record 3, English, liquid%20reserve
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- liquidity reserve 2, record 3, English, liquidity%20reserve
correct
- reserve 3, record 3, English, reserve
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Growing international trade, and freer trade in a world more susceptible to political and economic irregularities, require larger liquid reserves for countries to hold as protection against swings in their balance of payments... 1, record 3, English, - liquid%20reserve
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS
liquid reserve; liquidity reserve: terms usually used in the plural. 4, record 3, English, - liquid%20reserve
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS
for "liquidity reserve" : America's gold drain long covered up...(c) long-run liquidity shortage of reserves in a world where foreign trade grows at 7 or 8 per cent per year... 1, record 3, English, - liquid%20reserve
Record 3, Key term(s)
- liquidity reserves
- liquid reserves
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- réserve de liquidité
1, record 3, French, r%C3%A9serve%20de%20liquidit%C3%A9
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- réserve de liquidités 2, record 3, French, r%C3%A9serve%20de%20liquidit%C3%A9s
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record 3, Key term(s)
- réserve de liquidités
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
Record 3, Main entry term, Spanish
- reserva de liquidez
1, record 3, Spanish, reserva%20de%20liquidez
feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 3, Synonyms, Spanish
- reserva realizable 2, record 3, Spanish, reserva%20realizable
feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2013-03-22
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Metals Mining
- Economic Geology
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- identified deposit 1, record 4, English, identified%20deposit
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- verified deposit 2, record 4, English, verified%20deposit
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
China is one of the few countries in the world which has relatively abundant mineral resources of all types. It has proven reserves of 151 minerals, including 54 metal and 90 non-metal. Verified deposits of 20 minerals are the largest in the world. 2, record 4, English, - identified%20deposit
Record 4, Key term(s)
- known deposit
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Mines métalliques
- Géologie économique
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- gisement reconnu
1, record 4, French, gisement%20reconnu
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- gisement mis en évidence 2, record 4, French, gisement%20mis%20en%20%C3%A9vidence
masculine noun
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Une fois un gisement de minerai mis en évidence par des travaux de prospection, il s'agit de préparer les projets d'exploitation. Le géologue qui a étudié le gisement [...] procède à l'évaluation des réserves. 2, record 4, French, - gisement%20reconnu
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2012-12-07
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Banking
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- central bank
1, record 5, English, central%20bank
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A bank that supervises and coordinates all the functions of the financial system of the State. 2, record 5, English, - central%20bank
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[A central bank is] the institution that carries out monetary policy, issues currency, maintains the country's reserves, and controls the movement of capital to and from the outside world. It acts as the bank of the banks, and within it the financial institutions of the nation keep their reserves and obligatory reserve ratios. Acts as the treasury bank and possesses functions of inspection and control over the financial system. 2, record 5, English, - central%20bank
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
central bank: term and definition reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial. 3, record 5, English, - central%20bank
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Banque
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- banque centrale
1, record 5, French, banque%20centrale
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Banque qui dirige et coordonne tout le fonctionnement du système financier d'un État. 2, record 5, French, - banque%20centrale
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[La banque centrale est] l'organisme qui exécute la politique monétaire, émet la monnaie, maintient les réserves du pays et contrôle les mouvements de capitaux avec l'extérieur. Elle joue le rôle de banque des banques et les institutions financières de la nation y conservent leurs réserves et coefficients obligatoires. Elle agit comme banque du Trésor pour tous les effets et remplit une mission d'inspection et de contrôle du système financier. 2, record 5, French, - banque%20centrale
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Les désignations «institut d'émission» et «banque d'émission» ne réfèrent qu'à une des fonctions d'une banque centrale et ne devraient donc pas être considérées comme des synonymes de «banque centrale». 3, record 5, French, - banque%20centrale
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS
banque centrale : terme et définition extraits du CAPITAL Business Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial. 3, record 5, French, - banque%20centrale
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Operaciones bancarias
Record 5, Main entry term, Spanish
- banco central
1, record 5, Spanish, banco%20central
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 5, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Banco que dirige y coordina todo el funcionamiento del sistema financiero de un Estado. Es el organismo que ejecuta la política monetaria, emite moneda, mantiene las reservas del país y controla el movimiento de capitales con el exterior. Actúa como banco de bancos, y en él mantienen sus reservas y coeficientes obligatorios las instituciones financieras de la nación. Actúa como banco del tesoro a todos los efectos y tiene funciones de inspección y control sobre el sistema financiero. 2, record 5, Spanish, - banco%20central
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
banco central: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial. 3, record 5, Spanish, - banco%20central
Record 6 - internal organization data 2012-02-07
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- National and International Economics
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- dollar standard
1, record 6, English, dollar%20standard
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Since the Smithsonian agreement, the world has effectively been on a de facto dollar standard. Foreign monetary authorities hold their reserves in the form of dollars and settle their international debts with dollars.... The ultimate value of the dollar is given not by gold but by the amount of U. S. goods and services that dollars can be used to purchase. 1, record 6, English, - dollar%20standard
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Économie nationale et internationale
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- étalon dollar
1, record 6, French, %C3%A9talon%20dollar
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Système de paiements internationaux en vigueur depuis la décision américaine de rompre la convertibilité de sa monnaie en mars 1968. 1, record 6, French, - %C3%A9talon%20dollar
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Dans ce nouveau système, le dollar des États-Unis est la monnaie la plus fréquemment utilisée dans les transactions internationales [...] 1, record 6, French, - %C3%A9talon%20dollar
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Economía nacional e internacional
- Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
Record 6, Main entry term, Spanish
- dólar estándar
1, record 6, Spanish, d%C3%B3lar%20est%C3%A1ndar
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 6, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2010-11-09
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Titles of International Programs
- Ecology (General)
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- Statutory Framework of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves
1, record 7, English, Statutory%20Framework%20of%20the%20World%20Network%20of%20Biosphere%20Reserves
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization] at its 28th session. Paris, October-November, 1995. Defines the objectives, criteria and designation procedure for biosphere reserves and includes a delisting procedure. 2, record 7, English, - Statutory%20Framework%20of%20the%20World%20Network%20of%20Biosphere%20Reserves
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
The present Statutory Framework of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves has been formulated with the objectives of enhancing the effectiveness of individual biosphere reserves and strengthening common understanding, communication and co-operation at regional and international levels. This Statutory Framework is intended to contribute to the widespread recognition of biosphere reserves and to encourage and promote good working examples. The delisting procedure foreseen should be considered as an exception to this basically positive approach, and should be applied only after careful examination, paying due respect to the cultural and socio-economic situation of the country, and after consulting the government concerned. 3, record 7, English, - Statutory%20Framework%20of%20the%20World%20Network%20of%20Biosphere%20Reserves
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Titres de programmes internationaux
- Écologie (Généralités)
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- Cadre statutaire du Réseau mondial de réserves de la biosphère
1, record 7, French, Cadre%20statutaire%20du%20R%C3%A9seau%20mondial%20de%20r%C3%A9serves%20de%20la%20biosph%C3%A8re
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Le Cadre statutaire du Réseau mondial de réserves de la biosphère de l'UNESCO exige maintenant que chaque réserve de la biosphère fasse l'objet d'un examen tous les dix ans, pour déterminer si elle continue de répondre aux critères statutaires régissant l'inscription au réseau mondial et pour actualiser l'information sur la réserve et les activités qui s'y déroulent. Le Cadre statutaire lui-même repose sur une revue des 25 années d'expérience accumulées à l'égard des réserves de la biosphère. L'UNESCO mène ces examens selon un calendrier graduel, en demandant d'abord l'examen des réserves approuvées durant les années 1970, et ensuite celui des réserves désignées dans les années 1980. Il existe un formulaire spécial d'examen périodique, fort semblable au plus récent formulaire de proposition. Cela signifie habituellement qu'il faut rassembler beaucoup de nouvelles informations, puisque les anciens formulaires de proposition en exigeaient considérablement moins. 1, record 7, French, - Cadre%20statutaire%20du%20R%C3%A9seau%20mondial%20de%20r%C3%A9serves%20de%20la%20biosph%C3%A8re
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Títulos de programas internacionales
- Ecología (Generalidades)
Record 7, Main entry term, Spanish
- Marco Estatutario de la Red Mundial de Reservas de Biosfera
1, record 7, Spanish, Marco%20Estatutario%20de%20la%20Red%20Mundial%20de%20Reservas%20de%20Biosfera
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 7, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Biosfera o biósfera. 2, record 7, Spanish, - Marco%20Estatutario%20de%20la%20Red%20Mundial%20de%20Reservas%20de%20Biosfera
Record 8 - internal organization data 2004-09-24
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- reserve currency
1, record 8, English, reserve%20currency
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A currency which has international strength and other countries are prepared to use this as a unit of account and settlement of debts. [Klein, Gerald. Dictionary of Banking. Pitman Publishing, 1995]. 2, record 8, English, - reserve%20currency
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Use of the Euro as Official Reserve Currency. Several participants pointed to the attractive features of the euro as a reserve currency, although such use would develop gradually. At the outset, in fact, EMU would lessen the importance of European currencies in world reserves. 3, record 8, English, - reserve%20currency
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
reserve currency: term reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial. 4, record 8, English, - reserve%20currency
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- monnaie de réserve
1, record 8, French, monnaie%20de%20r%C3%A9serve
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Monnaie utilisée comme réserve ou comme moyen de paiement, en raison de la confiance qu'elle inspire. 2, record 8, French, - monnaie%20de%20r%C3%A9serve
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Monnaie de réserve. On désigne sous ce terme, la monnaie d'un pays qui, en raison de la confiance qu'elle inspire à la communauté internationale ou en raison de la puissance économique et politique du pays, est conservée comme «réserve de change» par les Banques Centrales. Actuellement le dollar US continue, peut-être faute de mieux, à être la monnaie de réserve mondiale en vertu des accords de Bretton Woods. 3, record 8, French, - monnaie%20de%20r%C3%A9serve
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT
L'utilisation de l'euro comme monnaie de réserve. Plusieurs participants ont souligné l'attrait de l'euro comme monnaie de réserve, encore qu'il ne sera utilisé à cet effet que progressivement. Au départ, l'UEM réduira en fait l'importance des monnaies européennes dans les réserves mondiales, car [...] les avoirs en monnaies à remplacer par l'euro détenues au sein de l'UEM ne feront plus partie des réserves internationales. 4, record 8, French, - monnaie%20de%20r%C3%A9serve
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
monnaie de réserve : terme et définition extraits du CAPITAL Business Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial. 5, record 8, French, - monnaie%20de%20r%C3%A9serve
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
Record 8, Main entry term, Spanish
- moneda de reserva
1, record 8, Spanish, moneda%20de%20reserva
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 8, Synonyms, Spanish
- divisa de reserva 2, record 8, Spanish, divisa%20de%20reserva
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Moneda que, por gozar de la confianza general, es utilizada como reserva o medio de pago internacional. 3, record 8, Spanish, - moneda%20de%20reserva
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
moneda de reserva: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial. 4, record 8, Spanish, - moneda%20de%20reserva
Record 9 - internal organization data 2004-08-18
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Titles of National Programs (Canadian)
- Peace-Keeping Operations
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- Peace and Nation Building Initiative
1, record 9, English, Peace%20and%20Nation%20Building%20Initiative
correct
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Liberal Party of Canada-Canada in the world : A place of pride and influence. The priority is to launch a Peace and Nation Building Initiative directed to the increasing number of fragile states where poverty and weak governance combine to produce despair and desperation. Our initiative will strengthen our Armed Forces and reserves, deploy the Canada Corps, contribute to the halt of world pandemics such as HIV/AIDS, and reduce or forgive debts owed by poor and deserving countries. 1, record 9, English, - Peace%20and%20Nation%20Building%20Initiative
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Titres de programmes nationaux canadiens
- Opérations de maintien de la paix
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- Escouade pour la paix et la restructuration de l'état
1, record 9, French, Escouade%20pour%20la%20paix%20et%20la%20restructuration%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat
correct, feminine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Parti libéral du Canada - Le Canada dans le monde : un rôle d'influence et de fierté. La priorité est de mettre sur pied une Escouade pour la paix et la restructuration de l'état pour aider le nombre croissant d'états déchus et fragilisés, où la pauvreté et la faiblesse des gouvernements ensemble produisent affliction et désespoir. Cette initiative renforcera nos Forces armées et la réserve, déploiera Corps Canada, contribuera à juguler des maladies pandémiques telle le VIH/SIDA, et réduira ou pardonnera la dette de pays pauvres et méritoires. 1, record 9, French, - Escouade%20pour%20la%20paix%20et%20la%20restructuration%20de%20l%27%C3%A9tat
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 2003-07-15
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Titles of International Programs
- Climatology
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- Biosphere Reserve Integrated Monitoring Programme
1, record 10, English, Biosphere%20Reserve%20Integrated%20Monitoring%20Programme
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
- BRIM 1, record 10, English, BRIM
correct
Record 10, Synonyms, English
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
BRIM undertakes a biotic, biodiversity, socio-economic and integrated monitoring in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves. Its goal is to provide a platform for the integration of the resulting information/data, thus contributing to a better understanding of the changes that take place in the areas being studied and of the factors trigerring these changes. 1, record 10, English, - Biosphere%20Reserve%20Integrated%20Monitoring%20Programme
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Titres de programmes internationaux
- Climatologie
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- Programme intégré de surveillance continue des réserves de biosphère
1, record 10, French, Programme%20int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9%20de%20surveillance%20continue%20des%20r%C3%A9serves%20de%20biosph%C3%A8re
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
- BRIM 1, record 10, French, BRIM
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Synonyms, French
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
On se souviendra que c'est en 1991 à Strasbourg (France) que les représentants des comités nationaux du MAB de la région EuroMAB décidèrent d'établir un programme intégré de recherche et de surveillance continue à long terme dans les réserves de biosphère. 1, record 10, French, - Programme%20int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9%20de%20surveillance%20continue%20des%20r%C3%A9serves%20de%20biosph%C3%A8re
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 2001-10-25
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
- National and International Economics
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- CRU
1, record 11, English, CRU
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
- Collective Reserve Unit 1, record 11, English, Collective%20Reserve%20Unit
correct
- Composite Reserve Unit 2, record 11, English, Composite%20Reserve%20Unit
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
An international currency or unit of money for use along with currencies in the reserves of banks around the world. 3, record 11, English, - CRU
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The French riposte to "SDRs" [Special Drawing Rights]. The CRU was proposed by Giscard d’Estaing in 1965 to link the creation of international reserves to total gold stocks (in contrast to the SDR proposal). Assistance to countries with payments difficulties would be by means of credits, not reserve creation (the SDR idea); and the CRU would enable reserve creation to be controlled by the "Group of Ten", rather than the "IMF", which was felt to be US dominated. 4, record 11, English, - CRU
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
- Économie nationale et internationale
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- CRU
1, record 11, French, CRU
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
- unité de réserve collective 2, record 11, French, unit%C3%A9%20de%20r%C3%A9serve%20collective
feminine noun
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La proposition dénommée CRU [fut] avancée d'abord par les Français [...] Les «Composite Reserve Units» seraient créées en cas de besoin en quantités convenues par [le groupe des] Dix [...] et seraient distribuées entre eux en stricte proportion des réserves d'or de chaque pays, contre des contributions équivalentes de leurs monnaies nationales respectives à un pool commun de monnaie destiné à garantir les nouvelles unités créées. Ensuite, les règlements entre les pays participants seraient effectués par des transferts simultanés d'avoirs en or et/ou CRU, suivant la proportion globale de ces deux types d'avoirs dans les réserves au moment du règlement, du fait de la création cumulative des CRU dans le passé. Les avoirs en dollars, en sterling et en autres devises seraient exclues de ces règlements entre les pays participants, et les avoirs existants seraient remplacés aussi par des avoirs CRU. 1, record 11, French, - CRU
Record 11, Key term(s)
- unité collective de réserve
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Política monetaria y mercado de cambios
- Economía nacional e internacional
Record 11, Main entry term, Spanish
- Unidad compuesta de reserva
1, record 11, Spanish, Unidad%20compuesta%20de%20reserva
feminine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 11, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record 12 - internal organization data 2001-10-10
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Geology
- Oil Drilling
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- height of fracture 1, record 12, English, height%20of%20fracture
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
Record 12, Synonyms, English
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Source : Riva, Joseph P. Jr., World Petroleum Resources and Reserves, 1983, p. 70. 1, record 12, English, - height%20of%20fracture
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Géologie
- Forage des puits de pétrole
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- hauteur de la fracture
1, record 12, French, hauteur%20de%20la%20fracture
feminine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record 13 - internal organization data 1998-09-29
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- dollar balances
1, record 13, English, dollar%20balances
correct, plural
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
Record 13, Synonyms, English
Record 13, Textual support, English
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
After World War II people said with some exaggeration that the world was in fact on a dollar standard. The american dollar was the "key currency" in terms of which international trade and finance were carried on. Private and governmental reserves were kept largely in the form of dollar balances(i. e., in cash, bank deposits, liquid short-term dollar securities). 1, record 13, English, - dollar%20balances
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- balances dollar
1, record 13, French, balances%20dollar
correct, feminine noun, plural
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
- balances dollars 2, record 13, French, balances%20dollars
correct, feminine noun, plural
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
avoirs liquides en dollars détenus par des non-résidents et notamment par des banques centrales. 3, record 13, French, - balances%20dollar
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record 14 - internal organization data 1995-11-15
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Economics
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- world supply
1, record 14, English, world%20supply
correct
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
... when the Bessemer process was being invented, in the mid-nineteenth century, world supplies of iron ore were assumed to be slight. But when the new furnace revolutionized steel making, huge new iron mines were opened up. 2, record 14, English, - world%20supply
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT
... some of the developers of nuclear power believed that reactors could not be much more than a toy, given that the world supply of uranium was apparently limited to reserves in the former Belgian Congo. 2, record 14, English, - world%20supply
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Économique
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- stock mondial
1, record 14, French, stock%20mondial
masculine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Record 15 - internal organization data 1990-10-31
Record 15, English
Record 15, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 15, Main entry term, English
- full gold standard
1, record 15, English, full%20gold%20standard
correct
Record 15, Abbreviations, English
Record 15, Synonyms, English
Record 15, Textual support, English
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
During World War I most countries suspended the redeemability of their currencies into gold..., withdrew gold coins from circulation, and concentrated gold holdings in official reserves. The currencies of most belligerent countries did not, however, depreciate by much in terms of gold and the dollar because of official pegging operations supported by gold sales, foreign borrowing, liquidation of assets abroad, and imposition of some import and exchange controls. At the end of the war the United States was virtually the only country on a full gold standard. 1, record 15, English, - full%20gold%20standard
Record 15, Key term(s)
- full gold coin standard
Record 15, French
Record 15, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 15, Main entry term, French
- étalon intégral
1, record 15, French, %C3%A9talon%20int%C3%A9gral
masculine noun
Record 15, Abbreviations, French
Record 15, Synonyms, French
Record 15, Textual support, French
Record 15, Spanish
Record 15, Textual support, Spanish
Record 16 - internal organization data 1986-01-23
Record 16, English
Record 16, Subject field(s)
- Commercial Utilization (Oil and Natural Gas)
Record 16, Main entry term, English
- oil cartel
1, record 16, English, oil%20cartel
correct
Record 16, Abbreviations, English
Record 16, Synonyms, English
Record 16, Textual support, English
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The oil cartel is intact, and world oil reserves are still largely concentrated in the politically volatile Middle East. 1, record 16, English, - oil%20cartel
Record 16, French
Record 16, Domaine(s)
- Exploitation commerciale (Pétrole et gaz naturel)
Record 16, Main entry term, French
- cartel pétrolier
1, record 16, French, cartel%20p%C3%A9trolier
masculine noun
Record 16, Abbreviations, French
Record 16, Synonyms, French
Record 16, Textual support, French
Record 16, Spanish
Record 16, Textual support, Spanish
Record 17 - internal organization data 1981-02-05
Record 17, English
Record 17, Subject field(s)
- Currency and Foreign Exchange
Record 17, Main entry term, English
- liquidity shortage of reserves
1, record 17, English, liquidity%20shortage%20of%20reserves
correct
Record 17, Abbreviations, English
Record 17, Synonyms, English
Record 17, Textual support, English
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS
America's gold drain long covered up(...)(c) long-run liquidity shortage of reserves in a world where foreign trade grows at 7 or 8 per cent per year while gold from mines grows at barely 2 per cent(...) 1, record 17, English, - liquidity%20shortage%20of%20reserves
Record 17, French
Record 17, Domaine(s)
- Politique monétaire et marché des changes
Record 17, Main entry term, French
- insuffisance des réserves de liquidité 1, record 17, French, insuffisance%20des%20r%C3%A9serves%20de%20liquidit%C3%A9
Record 17, Abbreviations, French
Record 17, Synonyms, French
Record 17, Textual support, French
Record 17, Spanish
Record 17, Textual support, Spanish
Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank
© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2026
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau
Features
GCtranslate (available on the Government of Canada network only)
Use this artificial intelligence prototype to translate Government of Canada content up to and including Protected B. Available to employees of selected departments and agencies only.
Writing tools
The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.
Glossaries and vocabularies
Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.
- Date Modified:


