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X-RAYS DIFFRACTION METHOD [2 records]

Record 1 2010-12-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Physics of Solids
  • Radiological Physics (Theory and Application)
DEF

A method of studying crystalline structures by x-ray diffraction, in which a finely collimated beam of polychromatic x-rays falls on a single crystal whose orientation can be set as desired, and diffracted beams are recorded on a photographic film.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique des solides
  • Physique radiologique et applications
CONT

Outre [l’] expérience classique de biocristallographie, deux techniques sont développées en parallèle et sont exclusives du rayonnement synchrotron. La première est la méthode MAD (multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction) qui consiste à exploiter la diffusion anomale d’un atome lourd inclus dans la protéine et à déterminer sa position, puis à aider au phasage, à partir de la collecte de données autour du seuil d’absorption. La seconde, méthode de Laue, consiste à travailler avec un faisceau blanc, ce qui permet des collectes de données avec des temps d’exposition excessivement courts, de la microseconde à la picoseconde.

Spanish

Save record 1

Record 2 1997-03-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry
CONT

In the technique of X-ray diffraction the X-rays are allowed to strike a protein crystal; the X-rays, diffracted(bent) by the crystal, impinge on a photographic plate, forming a pattern of spots. This method reveals that peptide chains can assume very complicated, apparently irregular shapes. Two extremes in shape include the closely folded structure of the globular proteins and the elongated, unidimensional structure of the threadlike fibours proteins; both were recognized many years before the technique of X-ray diffraction was developed.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biophysique
  • Biochimie
CONT

Un cristal est formé par la répétition dans l'espace d'un objet qu'on appelle le motif cristallin. Dans le cas le plus simple, cet objet est un atome ou une molécule. On sait depuis le dix-neuvième siècle produire des cristaux de protéines, et on a réussi à cristalliser des virus, des ARN de transfert, des nucléosomes, etc.

Spanish

Save record 2

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