TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A knot whose fibers are little intergrown with those of the surrounding xylem, conventionally(United Kingdom) to the extent of 1/4 [or less] of its cross-sectional perimeter.  5, record 1, English, - dead%20knot

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A dead knot more or less surrounded by bark or resin is termed an encased knot [in the United Kingdom] ...  5, record 1, English, - dead%20knot

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dead knot; non-adhering knot; encased knot: terms standardized by ISO.  6, record 1, English, - dead%20knot

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nœud [...] dont les cernes de croissance et ceux du bois environnant ne sont pas entremêlés et homogènes.  4, record 1, French, - n%26oelig%3Bud%20non%20adh%C3%A9rent

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

nœud non adhérent : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  5, record 1, French, - n%26oelig%3Bud%20non%20adh%C3%A9rent

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

nœud non adhérent; nœud mort : termes normalisés par l'ISO.  5, record 1, French, - n%26oelig%3Bud%20non%20adh%C3%A9rent

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A meristem located at the apex of a root or shoot and responsible for increase in length of the organ.  2, record 2, English, - apical%20meristem

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The formation of new cells, and the initiation of differentiation in plants takes place in specific regions called meristems. Meristems can also be categorized. The apical meristems occur in the shoot and root tips. Apical meristems are the source of all other meristems. They form the three primary meristematic tissues(or primary meristems) : protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium. These three primary meristems will differentiate into the three primary tissues : epidermis, ground tissues(pith and cortex) and vascular tissues(xylem and phloem).  3, record 2, English, - apical%20meristem

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Suivant leur localisation dans la plante et leur rôle dans la constitution des tissus différenciés, on distingue deux types de méristèmes : les méristèmes primaires et les méristèmes secondaires, ou cambiums. Les méristèmes primaires regroupent : - les méristèmes apicaux ou terminaux, situés à l'extrémité des tiges ou des racines et formés de petites cellules isodiamétriques jointives; - les méristèmes intercalaires, intercalés dans des tissus déjà différenciés et permettant, par division cellulaire active, l'allongement des entre-nœuds. Les méristèmes secondaires, situés dans les parties âgées des racines et des tiges, donnent naissance à des couches cellulaires cylindriques et assurent la croissance en épaisseur.  2, record 2, French, - m%C3%A9rist%C3%A8me%20apical

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An inner core of xylem surrounding the pith, in which the cells are smaller and/or less structurally developed than those of the outer xylem.  3, record 3, English, - juvenile%20wood

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pour une essence donnée, bois constitué de fibres relativement courtes dont l'angle des fibrilles est grand, ce qui entraîne un retrait longitudinal plutôt important.  3, record 3, French, - bois%20de%20jeunesse

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bois juvénile : terme retenu par le Comité technique de normalisation de la terminologie du bois de l'Association canadienne de normalisation.  4, record 3, French, - bois%20de%20jeunesse

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Ses caractéristiques physiques, mécaniques et chimiques peuvent le rendre indésirable. Ce bois occupe généralement les dix à vingt premières couches annuelles autour de la moelle.  3, record 3, French, - bois%20de%20jeunesse

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The portion of the plant body which comprises the vascular system(xylem and phloem) and its associated ground tissue(e. g. pericycle, interfascicular regions and pith).  4, record 4, English, - stele

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The vascular cylinder or stele develops from the procambium and forms the central core of the root. In dicotyledonous roots, the xylem occupies the middle of the stele, with the periphery consisting of alternating radii of xylem and phloem(...). In monocotyledonous roots, the central core contains parenchyma cells.  5, record 4, English, - stele

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The steles are classified according to the distribution of the vascular tissues within the ground tissues. This classification refers to the axis in primary state of growth. The three major types of stele are the protostele, siphonostele, and the dictyostele (...)  6, record 4, English, - stele

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble continu du xylème et du liber primaire, associé ou non à d'autres tissus et formant la partie centrale des axes des plantes. On distingue la protostèle: le xylème forme un cylindre plein axial entouré d'un manchon de phloème; la siphonostèle: les tissus conducteurs forment un manchon continu autour de la moelle centrale; la dictyostèle: les tissus conducteurs forment un manchon discontinu; l'eustèle: le système vasculaire forme des faisceaux cribro-vasculaires isolés (Monocotylédones, Dicotylédones).  4, record 4, French, - st%C3%A8le

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte central del eje de un vegetal, que contiene los vasos y los canales liberianos.  1, record 4, Spanish, - cilindro%20central

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cut a leafy shoot from a plant and plunge its base into water. This prevents the xylem from taking up any air...  2, record 5, English, - leafy%20shoot

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les pousses feuillues qui se développent à partir des bourgeons blanchâtres [...]  1, record 5, French, - pousse%20feuillue

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relating to procambium.  2, record 6, English, - procambial

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

procambium : A primary meristematic tissue that differentiates into primary vascular tissue(xylem and phloem).  2, record 6, English, - procambial

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qui appartient au tissu méristématique primaire dont sont issus les tissus conducteurs primaires (phloème et xylème).  2, record 6, French, - procambial

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cellules procambiales vont donner par division des cellules qui se différencient (se spécialisent) pour constituer le système vasculaire de la future feuille.  3, record 6, French, - procambial

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When water moves through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum under a negative pressure, cavitation often occurs in xylem conduits... Cavitation of water columns within the xylem is deleterious for plant water relations because it results inembolism thereby reducing hydraulic conductivity...  2, record 7, English, - cavitation

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Formation de bulles de vapeur d'eau (dites aussi poches de vide) dans le xylème, provoquant l'abaissement de local de la pression interne dans les vaisseaux et l'interruption du transport de l'eau chez les végétaux.  1, record 7, French, - cavitation

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A primary meristematic tissue that differentiates into primary vascular tissue(xylem and phloem).  2, record 8, English, - procambium

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tissu méristématique primaire à l'origine des tissus conducteurs primaires.  1, record 8, French, - procambium

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any plant containing conducting tissue, i. e. xylem and phloem.  1, record 9, English, - vascular%20plant

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Plante qui, outre le tissu cellulaire, renferme des vaisseaux [et qui possède des tissus vasculaires organisés].  1, record 9, French, - plante%20vasculaire

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Especie vegetal que tiene tejidos vasculares organizados.  1, record 9, Spanish, - planta%20vascular

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vascular tissue : Specialized conducting tissue in plants, forming a vascular system-in woody plants comprising the whole of the xylem and phloem.  2, record 10, English, - vascular%20system

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble comprenant le bois et le phloème d'une plante et marqué particulièrement par un réseau de vaisseaux dont la fonction est d'acheminer la sève.  2, record 10, French, - syst%C3%A8me%20vasculaire

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sistema de tejidos vasculares en plantas.  1, record 10, Spanish, - sistema%20vascular

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cambium that produces secondary phloem on its outer side and secondary xylem on its inner side.  1, record 11, English, - vascular%20cambium

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cambium vasculaire, chez les plantes biannuelles et pluriannuelles, le cambium donnant naissance au phloème secondaire et xylème secondaire.  1, record 11, French, - cambium%20vasculaire

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cambium vascular, en plantas bianuales o perennes, el cambium origina el floema y el xilema secundarios.  1, record 11, Spanish, - cambium%20vascular

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A vascular bundle having the primary xylem and phloem lying on alternate radii. They are usually found in roots.  2, record 12, English, - radial%20bundle

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans les racines, ordonnance radiée du bois et du liber.  1, record 12, French, - faisceau%20radi%C3%A9

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A complex tissue in the vascular system of higher plants consisting of vessels, tracheids, or both usually together with wood fibers and parenchyma cells, functioning chiefly in conduction but also in support and storage, and typically constituting the woody element (as of a plant stem).  2, record 13, English, - xylem

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Xylem is the tissue which makes up most if not all of the lumber, wood, and wood products of commerce.  3, record 13, English, - xylem

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Most of the veins contain two distinct channels : phloem, for importing nutrients and water, and xylem, for exporting the products of photosynthesis.  4, record 13, English, - xylem

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des tissus conducteurs de la sève brute.  2, record 13, French, - xyl%C3%A8me

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les plantes vasculaires ou Rhizophytes sont des plantes qui possèdent un appareil conducteur, lequel permet la circulation des liquides ou sèves : - les vaisseaux de xylème (réunis en faisceaux vasculaires) assurent la circulation de l'eau puisée dans le sol (sève brute) des parties souterraines vers les parties aériennes de la plante.  3, record 13, French, - xyl%C3%A8me

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A small blue-black yellow-striped beetle ... having a flattened larva that bores in various deciduous trees.  1, record 14, English, - chestnut%20borer

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Oaks are the primary hosts of this pest.... Larvae damage host trees by feeding on the phloem(the inner bark), the cambium(the growth layer producing both phloem and xylem), and the xylem(outer sapwood). The phloem transports food from the crown downward while the xylem conducts water and minerals from the roots upward.  4, record 14, English, - chestnut%20borer

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 OBS

[This insect] belongs to the beetle family Buprestidae. The word "chestnut" refers to the beetle’s past status as a principal pest of American chestnut, Castanea dentata.  4, record 14, English, - chestnut%20borer

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Habituellement, le feuillage du chêne à gros fruits flétrit à partir de la cime en descendant, devient brun et reste normalement sur les branches pendant environ 1 an après le dépérissement. Le déclin initial du chêne dû au stress met en branle un cycle de détériorations subséquentes impliquant l'agrile du châtaignier (Agrilus bilineatus [Weber]). Alors que le cycle du déclin progresse, cet insecte gagne en importance, causant le dépérissement des branches et éventuellement la mortalité de l'arbre après 3 ou 4 ans.  2, record 14, French, - agrile%20du%20ch%C3%A2taignier

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les larves des agriles vivent sous l'écorce des arbres ou dans la tige des plantes ligneuses; elles causent parfois d'importants dégâts aux arbres forestiers ou fruitiers.  3, record 14, French, - agrile%20du%20ch%C3%A2taignier

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Seasonal nitrogen storage involves the accumulation of a 32 kDa bark storage protein(BSP) in the inner bark parenchyma and xylem rays.  2, record 15, English, - inner%20bark%20parenchyma

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le liber est formé avant tout de cellules criblées et de tubes criblés auxquels, chez les Angiospermes, sont associées des cellules-compagnes. Nous y trouvons de plus du parenchyme libérien [...]  1, record 15, French, - parenchyme%20lib%C3%A9rien

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The vertical and usually axially arranged parenchyma of the xylem that is believed to function chiefly in carbohydrate storage.  2, record 16, English, - wood%20parenchyma

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parenchyme (tissu fondamental) qu'on trouve dans le bois (xylème secondaire).  2, record 16, French, - parenchyme%20ligneux

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le bois est formé d'éléments conducteurs : les vaisseaux, les trachéides, et d'éléments de soutien : les fibres ligneuses, le parenchyme ligneux [...]  1, record 16, French, - parenchyme%20ligneux

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pertaining to or having specialized conducting tissues, in which the xylem elements transport water and mineral salts, and phloem elements transport sugar and other organic substance.  2, record 17, English, - vascular

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit des plantes qui renferment des vaisseaux, c'est-à-dire des tubes destinés à la circulation des liquides.  2, record 17, French, - vasculaire

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Composé de vaisseaux.  3, record 17, French, - vasculaire

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The principal food-conducting tissue of vascular plants, which together with the xylem forms the vascular tissue. The first phloem to be formed is the primary phloem, which develops from the procambium of a primary meristem and consists of protophloem and metaphloem. Secondary phloem is found in plants with secondary thickening and is formed from the vascular cambium.  3, record 18, English, - phloem

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most of the veins contain two distinct channels : phloem, for importing nutrients and water, and xylem, for exporting the products of photosynthesis.  4, record 18, English, - phloem

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The [sap-sucking] insects suck the phloem, the tissue the sap flows through, for sustenance, but because phloem contains little protein, the insects excrete huge amounts of sugar in proportion to their size.  5, record 18, English, - phloem

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tissu conducteur de la sève élaborée, composé de tubes criblés, de cellules compagnes, de fibres et de parenchyme longitudinal.  3, record 18, French, - phlo%C3%A8me

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les plantes vasculaires ou rhizophytes sont des plantes qui possèdent un appareil conducteur, lequel permet la circulation des liquides ou sèves : [...] - les tubes criblés du phloème (réunis en faisceaux criblés) servent à la circulation de la sève élaborée des parties assimilatrices (feuilles), vers les autres régions (fleurs, fruits, tronc, racines).  4, record 18, French, - phlo%C3%A8me

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tejido que en los vegetales superiores conduce la savia elaborada. En plantas leñosas se sitúa en la parte interna de la corteza.  1, record 18, Spanish, - floema

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A water-conducting tube in the xylem.  2, record 19, English, - vessel

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 DEF

Wood cells of comparatively large diameter that have open ends and are set one above the other so as to form continuous tubes.  3, record 19, English, - vessel

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The openings of the vessels on the surface of a piece of wood are usually referred to as pores.  3, record 19, English, - vessel

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Usually used in the plural form.  4, record 19, English, - vessel

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chacun des petits tubes où s'effectue la circulation de la sève [des plantes].  2, record 19, French, - vaisseau

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 DEF

File de cellules du tissu ligneux dans lesquelles circule la sève ascendante et dont les cloisons transversales, séparant deux cellules superposées, se résorbent pour faciliter cette circulation.  3, record 19, French, - vaisseau

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme généralement exprimé au pluriel.  4, record 19, French, - vaisseau

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conducto por donde circula un líquido [...] en los vegetales.  1, record 19, Spanish, - vaso

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A layer of cells between the phloem and the xylem of most vascular plants that is responsible for secondary growth and for generating new cells.  3, record 20, English, - cambium

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méristème annulaire assurant l'accroissement en épaisseur des tiges et des racines âgées de presque toutes les dicotylédones vivace et des gymnospermes.  2, record 20, French, - cambium

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capa de tejido generador del crecimiento en espesor, propio de las dicotiledóneas, dispuesta entre el xilema y el floema.  1, record 20, Spanish, - cambium

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The unsuberized portion of a root proximal to the tip(which has not yet developed xylem elements), the main zone of uptake. However, the formation of suberin lamellae may be less effective in sealing off access to the stele from the cortex than commonly believed.  1, record 21, English, - absorption%20zone

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Région formée d'un duvet de poils très fins qui servent à l'absorption de l'eau et des matières minérales chez les plantes et constituant la 3ème partie d'une racine en les comptant de bas en haut.  4, record 21, French, - zone%20des%20poils%20absorbants

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les termes «région absorbante» et «assise pilifère» sont aussi tirés de «Biologie, Québec» de René Malouin, PUL, 1963, p. 63 et 68.  4, record 21, French, - zone%20des%20poils%20absorbants

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte de la raíz que lleva pelos absorbentes.  1, record 21, Spanish, - zona%20pil%C3%ADfera

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrument ... used to measure water potential of plant leaves.  3, record 22, English, - pressure%20bomb

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Simply put, the pressure chamber ... is just a device for applying air pressure to a leaf (or small shoot), where most of the leaf is inside the chamber but a small part of the leaf stem (the petiole) is exposed to the outside of the chamber through a seal. The amount of pressure that it takes to cause water to appear at the petiole tells you how much tension the leaf is experiencing on its water: a high value of pressure means a high value of tension and a high degree of water stress. The units of pressure most commonly used are the Bar (1 Bar = 14.5 pounds per square inch) and the megapascal (1 MPa = 10 bars).  4, record 22, English, - pressure%20bomb

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

How is water potential measured?...-Pressure bomb(pressure chamber) : measures [psi subscript w] of whole leaves, stems :-when a stem or leaf is cut off of a plant, the sap is sucked back into the xylem, since it is under tension;-the tissue is sealed inside a steel chamber, with the cut end protruding;-pressure is applied(using compressed nitrogen) until the sap is pushed back up to the top; this amount of pressure is equal but opposite to the [Psi subscript w] of the tissue.  5, record 22, English, - pressure%20bomb

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

There are different types of pressure chambers, some using a tank of high pressure gas, some using a hand-pump, but all work on the same basic principle and in most cases the operation and use of the different types of pressure chambers is identical.  4, record 22, English, - pressure%20bomb

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Instrument de] mesure de l'état hydrique [...]  4, record 22, French, - chambre%20%C3%A0%20pression

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A schematic diagram of the two vascular systems, xylem and phloem, in higher plants, showing the transport of water(red) and sucrose(green). Water and salts enter the xylem through the roots. Water is lost by evaporation, mainly through the leaves, creating a suction pressure that draws the water and dissolved salts upward through the xylem. The phloem is used to conduct dissolved sucrose, produced in the leaves, to other parts of the plant.  2, record 23, English, - suction%20pressure

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

suction pressure. Leaves suck water out of xylem vessels to replace water lost by transpiration. It is caused by osmosis.  3, record 23, English, - suction%20pressure

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans une cellule vivante, somme algébrique de la pression osmotique du suc cellulaire, qui, négative, tend à faire pénétrer l'eau des milieux extérieurs hypotoniques dans la cellule, et de la pression mécanique positive exercée en sens inverse par la membrane et qui tend à chasser l'eau de la cellule.  1, record 23, French, - pression%20de%20succion

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La pression de succion devrait être nommée potentiel hydrique des tissus végétaux. Dans les tissus végétaux, la pression de succion varie généralement, du moins en climat tempéré, de zéro à environ moins deux mégapascals (-20 bars). Cette variation dépend des déséquilibres temporaires entre l'absorption des racines et la transpiration foliaire. Les fortes valeurs de cette pression entraînent la régulation stomatique.  1, record 23, French, - pression%20de%20succion

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fiber : A general term of convenience for any long, narrow cell of wood or bast, other than vessel elements and parenchyma... Often qualified as wood fibers(i. e. of the xylem) and bast fibers(of the phloem), the former including both the tracheids of Gymnospermae and the libriform wood-fibers and fiber-tracheids of woody Angiospermae.  1, record 24, English, - wood%20fiber

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cellule longue et étroite, autre que les éléments de vaisseau et de parenchyme, disposée parallèlement à l'axe de l'arbre.  2, record 24, French, - fibre%20ligneuse

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sont comprises dans les fibres du bois, les trachéides des conifères et des feuillus.  2, record 24, French, - fibre%20ligneuse

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

First-formed primary xylem, with tracheary elements characterized by annular or spiral thickenings.  2, record 25, English, - protoxylem

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] xylème antérieur au métaxylème dont les éléments conducteurs possèdent des épaississements annelés ou spiralés.  2, record 25, French, - protoxyl%C3%A8me

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Specialized conducting tissue in plants, forming a vascular system-in woody plants comprising the whole of the xylem and phloem.  2, record 26, English, - vascular%20tissue

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tissu végétal dont la fonction est de conduire la sève; [ils] participent à la formation du système vasculaire qui comprend l'ensemble du bois et du phloème.  2, record 26, French, - tissu%20vasculaire

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An irregular strand of abnormal, often discolo(u) red, parenchyma embedded in xylem, and appearing on a longitudinal surface as a streak.  3, record 27, English, - pith%20fleck

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Îlot irrégulier de tissu parenchymateux anormal (souvent cicatriciel) noyé dans le bois et qui apparaît comme une strie sur une coupe longitudinale.  1, record 27, French, - tache%20m%C3%A9dullaire

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les taches médullaires sont ordinairement causées par les larves mineuses vivant dans le cambium.  1, record 27, French, - tache%20m%C3%A9dullaire

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The pressure under which in some circumstances water passes from living root cells into the xylem. The pressure is demonstrated by exudation of liquid from the rooted portion of a decapitated plant.  2, record 28, English, - root%20pressure

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Force de pression qui se développe dans les racines de certaines plantes à certaines époques, provoquant le mouvement de l'eau dans le bois.  1, record 28, French, - pression%20de%20s%C3%A8ve%20radiculaire

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

First-formed xylem, differentiated from an apical meristem.  2, record 29, English, - primary%20xylem

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ordinarily at the edge of the pith.  2, record 29, English, - primary%20xylem

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des tissus conducteurs de la sève brute, formé en premier lieu à partir d'un méristème apical, ordinairement situé en bordure de la moëlle dans la tige.  2, record 29, French, - xyl%C3%A8me%20primaire

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The principal water-conducting elements of the xylem, mainly vessel elements and tracheids.  2, record 30, English, - tracheary%20elements

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In primary xylem, they may have only annular, spiral or reticulate(i. e. net-like) thickenings and no pits.  2, record 30, English, - tracheary%20elements

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Principaux éléments du xylème ou du bois qui transportent la sève brute; comprennent essentiellement les éléments vasculaires et les trachéides [...]  1, record 30, French, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9ments%20conducteurs

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans le xylème, les éléments conducteurs (trachées) ont seulement des épaississements annulaires, spiralés ou réticulés et n'ont pas de ponctuations.  1, record 30, French, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9ments%20conducteurs

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The cell that is cut off on the inner side by a fusiform cambial initial but which undergoes further(periclinal) division before differentiating into a xylem cell.  2, record 31, English, - xylem%20mother%20cell

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cellule résultant d'une division d'une initiale fusiforme du cambium du côté interne; elle se divise ensuite tangentiellement avant de se différencier en cellule du bois.  1, record 31, French, - cellule%20m%C3%A8re%20du%20bois

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... applied to the central cylinder of stems, with phloem on both sides of the xylem;...  1, record 32, English, - amphiphloic

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Having the xylem in two masses.  1, record 33, English, - dixylic

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] dont les feuilles enlèvent deux cordons vasculaires à la tige.  1, record 33, French, - dixyl%C3%A9

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A root lacking secondary xylem.  1, record 34, English, - nonwoody%20root

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Racine qui ne possède pas de xylème secondaire.  1, record 34, French, - racine%20sans%20bois

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bois de racine : Le xylème secondaire des racines.  2, record 34, French, - racine%20sans%20bois

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A primary role of the root system is the absorption of water.... Water Uptake. With the advent of rainfall, water is absorbed from the soil through the epidermis and passes to the xylem via the cortex and endodermis.  2, record 35, English, - water%20absorption

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Any soil condition that influences absorption of water by the roots affects the transpiration rate. When the soil becomes very cold, absorption of water is retarded, even though soil water may be available.  4, record 35, English, - water%20absorption

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pénétration d'eau dans un milieu inerte ou vivant.  1, record 35, French, - absorption%20d%27eau

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En agronomie, ce terme désigne habituellement le flux d'eau pénétrant du sol dans la plante (par les radicelles ou les poils absorbants), mais aussi dans des conditions plus rares, de l'atmosphère dans les feuilles.  1, record 35, French, - absorption%20d%27eau

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le mécanisme de l'absorption correspond à la succession de causes à effets suivante : transpiration - dessèchement de la feuille - chute du potentiel hydrique foliaire - gradient de potentiel hydrique entre le sol et les feuilles - flux liquide du sol vers les feuilles et les autres organes aériens.  1, record 35, French, - absorption%20d%27eau

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any of the commercially valuable raw material, consisting essentially of xylem, obtained from the stem or limbs of a felled or cut tree, including but not confined to roundwood and woodchips.  1, record 36, English, - primary%20wood%20product

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

primary wood product: term and definition reproduced with the permission of the copyright holder, CSA International, 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3. However, CSA International shall not be responsible for the manner in which the information is presented, nor for any interpretations thereof. This CSA International material may not have been updated to reflect amendments subsequently made to the original content. For further information, contact CSA International.  2, record 36, English, - primary%20wood%20product

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tout matériau marchand brut, essentiellement formé du xylème, provenant de la tige ou des branches d'un arbre abattu, notamment les bois ronds et les copeaux de bois.  1, record 36, French, - produit%20brut%20du%20bois

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

produit brut du bois : terme et définition reproduits avec l'autorisation de la CSA International, 178, boul. Rexdale, Toronto (Ontario), Canada M9W 1R3 (détentrice des droits d'auteur). La CSA International décline toute responsabilité quant à la façon dont la matière est présentée et quant à toute interprétation pouvant en découler. L'information reproduite pourrait ne pas être à jour. Pour plus de renseignements, communiquer avec la CSA International.  2, record 36, French, - produit%20brut%20du%20bois

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 2 OBS

produit brut du bois : terme et définition normalisés par la CSA International.  2, record 36, French, - produit%20brut%20du%20bois

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any of the commercially valuable material, consisting essentially of xylem, manufactured from primary wood products.  1, record 37, English, - secondary%20wood%20product

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

secondary wood product: term and definition reproduced with the permission of the copyright holder, CSA International, 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3. However, CSA International shall not be responsible for the manner in which the information is presented, nor for any interpretations thereof. This CSA International material may not have been updated to reflect amendments subsequently made to the original content. For further information, contact CSA International.  2, record 37, English, - secondary%20wood%20product

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tout matériau marchand, essentiellement formé du xylème, dérivé des produits bruts du bois.  1, record 37, French, - produit%20secondaire%20du%20bois

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

produit secondaire du bois : terme et définition reproduits avec l'autorisation de la CSA International, 178, boul. Rexdale, Toronto (Ontario), Canada M9W 1R3 (détentrice des droits d'auteur). La CSA International décline toute responsabilité quant à la façon dont la matière est présentée et quant à toute interprétation pouvant en découler. L'information reproduite pourrait ne pas être à jour. Pour plus de renseignements, communiquer avec la CSA International.  2, record 37, French, - produit%20secondaire%20du%20bois

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 OBS

produit secondaire du bois : terme et définition normalisés par la CSA International.  2, record 37, French, - produit%20secondaire%20du%20bois

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa, responsible for PD is found in the xylem tissue of grape vines and is vectored by some insects.  2, record 38, English, - Pierce%27s%20disease

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

caused by the alfalfa dwarf virus  4, record 38, English, - Pierce%27s%20disease

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Maladie à virus de la vigne répandue en Californie, transmise surtout par des insectes (cicadelles).  2, record 38, French, - maladie%20de%20Pierce

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 OBS

causée par le virus du nanisme de la luzerne  3, record 38, French, - maladie%20de%20Pierce

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bark : A non-technical term covering all the tissues outside the xylem cylinder. NOTE : In older trees, generally divisible into inner bark and outer bark and, in any growing season, into early bark(consisting typically of sieve tubes with companion cells or sieve cells... and late bark(consisting typically of parenchyma and a few, small sieve tubes or sieve cells...).  1, record 39, English, - early%20bark

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Couche d'accroissement. Couche de bois ou de liber produite apparemment pendant une période de végétation; fréquemment divisible en bois initial ou liber initial et en bois final ou liber final, notamment dans les bois des régions tempérées.  2, record 39, French, - liber%20initial

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Transpiration : The process by which water vapo(u) r passes from the foliage or other parts of a living plant to the atmosphere... The transpiration stream... refers to the upward passage of water and solutes within the plant(mainly via the xylem-constituting the xylem sap) from the roots to the leaves.  3, record 40, English, - transpiration%20stream

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Since movement of the more mobile trace metals such as aluminium occurs in the transpiration stream, these elements can be expected to be concentrated near sites of evaporative loss of water, and hence build up in and around the guard and subsidiary cells of the stomates.  4, record 40, English, - transpiration%20stream

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Notre première approche a été de comparer l'état hydrique et les échanges gazeux de plants de Douglas en pots, associés symbiotiquement à différents champignons, dans un substrat maintenu à la capacité au champ. Les mesures physiques ont été réalisées par les techniques suivantes : chambre portable d'assimilation Li-Cor pour le flux de transpiration et la photosynthèse nette; gravimétrie et micropsychromètres pour le potentiel hydrique du sol; bombe à pression de Shollander pour le potentiel hydrique interne des aiguilles et des rameaux.  2, record 40, French, - flux%20de%20transpiration

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bark : A non-technical term covering all the tissues outside the xylem cylinder. NOTE : In older trees, generally divisible into inner bark and outer bark and, in any growing season, into early bark(consisting typically of sieve tubes with companion cells or sieve cells... and late bark(consisting typically of parenchyma and a few, small sieve tubes or sieve cells...).  1, record 41, English, - late%20bark

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

All the xylem outside the core of juvenile wood, the cells in general having reached their maximum dimensions and structural development.  2, record 42, English, - adult%20wood

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bois situé à l'extérieur de la partie médiane du bois juvénile. Leurs cellules ont alors acquis leur plein développement.  2, record 42, French, - bois%20adulte

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sa densité est normale. Ses caractéristiques physiques, mécaniques et chimiques sont normales. Il est situé à l'extérieur du bois juvénile.  3, record 42, French, - bois%20adulte

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

bois adulte : terme entériné par le Comité technique de la terminologie du bois de l'Association canadienne de normalisation.  4, record 42, French, - bois%20adulte

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most of the veins contain two distinct channels : phloem, for importing nutrients and water, and xylem, for exporting the products of photosynthesis. The development of minor veins keeps pace with the development of photosynthetic activity.  2, record 43, English, - photosynthetic%20activity

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Pouvoir, en parlant d'une substance ou d'un organisme, de transformer la lumière en énergie utilisable par les organismes vivants.  2, record 43, French, - activit%C3%A9%20photosynth%C3%A9tique

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacterium having the ability to induce ice formation in plant tissues.  1, record 44, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A note on the presence of ice nucleation-active bacteria in roots of alfalfa grown in Quebec.... Bacteria capable of ice nucleation activity were readily isolated from the xylem of alfalfa roots... These bacteria were identified as Erwinia herbicola, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. syringae and Pseudomonas spp.  2, record 44, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Plural: ice nucleating bacterium, ice nucleation-active bacteria.  3, record 44, English, - ice%20nucleating%20bacterium

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bactérie ayant l'aptitude à induire la prise en glace dans les tissus végétaux.  2, record 44, French, - bact%C3%A9rie%20gla%C3%A7og%C3%A8ne

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Resembling a ladder as, for example, certain secondary xylem elements possessing parallel bands of thickening or some perforation plates that have several pores separated by parallel bars of tissue.  2, record 45, English, - scalariform

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Botanique-Histologie - Mollusques.  1, record 45, French, - scalariforme

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Having two strands of xylem.  1, record 46, English, - diarch

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dont le stèle est à deux faisceaux ligneux.  1, record 46, French, - diarche

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish