TERMIUM Plus®
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YEAST BREAD [23 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2015-04-21
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- multiple-stage method
1, record 1, English, multiple%2Dstage%20method
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- multiple stage method 2, record 1, English, multiple%20stage%20method
correct
- perpetuated method 1, record 1, English, perpetuated%20method
correct
- progressive method 2, record 1, English, progressive%20method
correct
- multiple-stage procedure 1, record 1, English, multiple%2Dstage%20procedure
correct
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A widely used method for making rye sours, particularly among European rye bread bakers... It consists of three steps or stages that comprise the fresh sour, the basic sour, and the full sour. The required starter is normally taken from the preceding full sour and is mixed with rye flour and water to initiate the first stage, or fresh sour. Yeast is normally omitted in the multiple stage method. 1, record 1, English, - multiple%2Dstage%20method
Record 1, Key term(s)
- multiple step method
- multiple step procedure
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- travail sur trois levains
1, record 1, French, travail%20sur%20trois%20levains
correct, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- méthode sur trois levains 1, record 1, French, m%C3%A9thode%20sur%20trois%20levains
correct, feminine noun
- panification sur trois levains 1, record 1, French, panification%20sur%20trois%20levains
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Une des] trois méthodes de panification au levain de pâte qui sont caractérisées par le nombre de levains fabriqués à partir du chef [...] 1, record 1, French, - travail%20sur%20trois%20levains
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 DEF
Le travail sur trois levains, qui comprenait trois enrichissements successifs du chef, a disparu avec l'abandon [...] de la panification au levain de pâte. 1, record 1, French, - travail%20sur%20trois%20levains
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2012-01-11
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- unleavened bread
1, record 2, English, unleavened%20bread
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Bread that has been made without "leavening, "i. e. no raising agent such as yeast or baking powder. 2, record 2, English, - unleavened%20bread
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Unleavened breads include chapattis, tortillas and matzos, which play an important role in Jewish ritual during Passover when it is forbidden to eat leavened bread. 2, record 2, English, - unleavened%20bread
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- pain sans levain
1, record 2, French, pain%20sans%20levain
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Pain fabriqué sans agent levant comme la levure, la bicarbonate de soude et la crème de tartre. 2, record 2, French, - pain%20sans%20levain
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le blé roux de printemps Canada Prairie (CPSR) se prête à la fabrication d'une vaste gamme de produits tels que le pain cuit sur la sole, les craquelins, certains types de pain sans levain, de pain cuit à la vapeur et de nouilles. 3, record 2, French, - pain%20sans%20levain
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Panificación
Record 2, Main entry term, Spanish
- pan ázimo
1, record 2, Spanish, pan%20%C3%A1zimo
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 2, Synonyms, Spanish
- pan ácimo 1, record 2, Spanish, pan%20%C3%A1cimo
correct, masculine noun
- pan cenceño 1, record 2, Spanish, pan%20cence%C3%B1o
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Pan que se hace sin poner levadura en la masa. 1, record 2, Spanish, - pan%20%C3%A1zimo
Record 3 - internal organization data 2012-01-11
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- white bread
1, record 3, English, white%20bread
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Bread of a light color, made from finely sifted wheat flour. 2, record 3, English, - white%20bread
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Dough made from white wheat flour is very stretchy and resilient, which means the baker can use it to produce many different styles and shapes, and the worldwide popularity of white bread is partly down to this characteristic. Typical ingredients include wheat flour, water, salt and yeast. 3, record 3, English, - white%20bread
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- pain blanc
1, record 3, French, pain%20blanc
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Pain] issu de farine raffinée de blé, le germe et l'enveloppe du grain ayant été supprimés lors du procédé de fabrication. 2, record 3, French, - pain%20blanc
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Panificación
Record 3, Main entry term, Spanish
- pan blanco
1, record 3, Spanish, pan%20blanco
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 3, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2012-01-11
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Milling and Cereal Industries
- Breadmaking
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- malted barley flour
1, record 4, English, malted%20barley%20flour
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Malted barley flour is also often added to household and commercial bakers’ grades of flour at a level of 14 to 56 grams per 46 kilograms of flour, depending on the grade. 2, record 4, English, - malted%20barley%20flour
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Malted barley flour... improves the flavor and appearance of yeast breads. Add 1/2 to 1 teaspoon for every 3 cups of flour in your favorite bread recipe to give the loaves a slightly sweet flavor and moist texture. Malted barley flour also prolongs the shelf life of baked goods. 3, record 4, English, - malted%20barley%20flour
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Minoterie et céréales
- Boulangerie
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- farine d'orge maltée
1, record 4, French, farine%20d%27orge%20malt%C3%A9e
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La farine d’orge maltée est réalisée à partir de grains d’orge de brasserie maltés. Elle est de couleur blanche à marron clair à l’odeur et au goût typique du malté. 2, record 4, French, - farine%20d%27orge%20malt%C3%A9e
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT
On ajoute fréquemment aux farines de ménage et aux farines commerciales de boulangerie de la farine d'orge maltée à raison de 14 à 56 g par 46 kg de farine, selon le type. La farine maltée est une source d'alpha-amylase, une enzyme qui produit du sucre fermentescible quand la farine est transformée en pâte. Certains grades de farine peuvent manquer de cette enzyme et l'on doit leur ajouter de la farine maltée pour que la pâte fermente bien durant la panification. 3, record 4, French, - farine%20d%27orge%20malt%C3%A9e
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Molinería y cereales
- Panificación
Record 4, Main entry term, Spanish
- harina de cebada malteada
1, record 4, Spanish, harina%20de%20cebada%20malteada
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 4, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2012-01-11
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Milling and Cereal Industries
- Breadmaking
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- strong flour
1, record 5, English, strong%20flour
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Strong flour is made from hard wheat and it is good for bread baking with yeast. 2, record 5, English, - strong%20flour
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
This type of flour has a higher protein content ... When made into a dough, they absorb more water and with kneading produce long elastic chains of gluten/gliadin proteins forming a superstructure which enables bread with more volume and an open texture. 3, record 5, English, - strong%20flour
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Minoterie et céréales
- Boulangerie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- farine forte
1, record 5, French, farine%20forte
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Farine qui absorbe une quantité d'eau relativement considérable et produit une pâte exigeant un pétrissage relativement long pour son élaboration parfaite. 1, record 5, French, - farine%20forte
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Généralement, c'est une farine d'excellente valeur boulangère. 1, record 5, French, - farine%20forte
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Molinería y cereales
- Panificación
Record 5, Main entry term, Spanish
- harina de fuerza
1, record 5, Spanish, harina%20de%20fuerza
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 5, Synonyms, Spanish
- harina fuerte 2, record 5, Spanish, harina%20fuerte
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Harina con una mayor proporción de gluten (almidón), se utiliza para hacer masas fermentadas y panes [...] tiene en su composición un elevado porcentaje de proteína que le da mayor capacidad para absorber líquidos y resistencia significativa al estirado. 3, record 5, Spanish, - harina%20de%20fuerza
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La harina fuerte es rica en gluten, tiene la capacidad de retener mucha agua, dando masas consistentes y elásticas, panes de buen aspecto, textura y volumen satisfactorios. 2, record 5, Spanish, - harina%20de%20fuerza
Record 6 - internal organization data 2011-08-23
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Food Additives
Universal entry(ies) Record 6
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- diammonium hydrogenphosphate
1, record 6, English, diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
- diammonium phosphate 2, record 6, English, diammonium%20phosphate
correct
- dibasic ammonium phosphate 3, record 6, English, dibasic%20ammonium%20phosphate
correct
- DAP 4, record 6, English, DAP
correct, see observation
- DAP 4, record 6, English, DAP
- secondary ammonium phosphate 1, record 6, English, secondary%20ammonium%20phosphate
correct
- diammonium hydrogen phosphate 5, record 6, English, diammonium%20hydrogen%20phosphate
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A chemical compound in the form of white crystals or powder, mildly alkaline in reaction, soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, used as feed additive, sugar purifying agent, in plant nutrient solutions, in the manufacture of yeast, vinegar, and as bread improver. 6, record 6, English, - diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
diammonium hydrogenphosphate: form recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). 5, record 6, English, - diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS
DAP: This might be an in-house or a non-recognized abbreviation; not to be used alone, to avoid any risk of confusion. 5, record 6, English, - diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Also known under the following commercial designation: Fyrex. 7, record 6, English, - diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 4 OBS
Chemical formulas: H9N2O4P or (NH4)2HPO4 6, record 6, English, - diammonium%20hydrogenphosphate
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Additifs alimentaires
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 6
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- hydrogénophosphate de diammonium
1, record 6, French, hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
- phosphate diammonique 2, record 6, French, phosphate%20diammonique
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate dibasique d'ammonium 3, record 6, French, phosphate%20dibasique%20d%27ammonium
former designation, see observation, masculine noun
- orthophosphate diammonique 2, record 6, French, orthophosphate%20diammonique
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate monoacide d'ammonium 4, record 6, French, phosphate%20monoacide%20d%27ammonium
former designation, correct, see observation, masculine noun
- diphosphate d'ammonium 5, record 6, French, diphosphate%20d%27ammonium
avoid, masculine noun
- orthophosphate d'ammonium monoacide 1, record 6, French, orthophosphate%20d%27ammonium%20monoacide
masculine noun
- phosphate d'ammonium monoacide 1, record 6, French, phosphate%20d%27ammonium%20monoacide
masculine noun
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Produit se présentant sous la forme de cristaux monocliniques, incolores, dissociables par la chaleur, solubles dans l'eau, utilisé dans la conservation des produits alimentaires. 6, record 6, French, - hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
hydrogénophosphate de diammonium : forme recommandée par l'Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée. 1, record 6, French, - hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Ancien nom (ANOM) : paramètre indiquant que le terme n'est plus acceptable de nos jours. À n'utiliser que si le contexte particulier du texte à traduire (par ex. contexte historique) le justifie. 1, record 6, French, - hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 3 OBS
L'adjectif basique est correctement utilisé en français pour désigner un sel basique qui peut formellement libérer un anion OH-. Il est fortement déconseillé de l'utiliser en français dans le cas d'un sel acide contenant un ou plusieurs cations H+; on doit donc éviter le nom «phosphate dibasique d'ammonium» qui est un anglicisme de mauvais aloi. 1, record 6, French, - hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 4 OBS
Formules chimiques : H9N2O4P ou (NH4)2HPO4 7, record 6, French, - hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20diammonium
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2011-08-02
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Food Additives
- Medication
Universal entry(ies) Record 7
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- ammonium dihydrogenphosphate
1, record 7, English, ammonium%20dihydrogenphosphate
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
- ammonium acid phosphate 2, record 7, English, ammonium%20acid%20phosphate
correct
- ammonium biphosphate 3, record 7, English, ammonium%20biphosphate
correct
- ammonium diacid phosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20diacid%20phosphate
correct
- ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20dihydrogen%20orthophosphate
correct
- ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 5, record 7, English, ammonium%20dihydrogen%20phosphate
correct
- ammonium dihydrophosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20dihydrophosphate
correct
- ammonium monobasic phosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20monobasic%20phosphate
correct
- ammonium phosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20phosphate
correct
- ammonium primary phosphate 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20primary%20phosphate
correct
- monoammonium acid phosphate 4, record 7, English, monoammonium%20acid%20phosphate
correct
- monoammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate 4, record 7, English, monoammonium%20dihydrogen%20orthophosphate
correct
- monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate 4, record 7, English, monoammonium%20dihydrogen%20phosphate
correct
- monoammonium hydrogen phosphate 4, record 7, English, monoammonium%20hydrogen%20phosphate
correct
- monoammonium orthophosphate 4, record 7, English, monoammonium%20orthophosphate
correct
- monoammonium phosphate 6, record 7, English, monoammonium%20phosphate
correct
- MAP 7, record 7, English, MAP
correct
- MAP 7, record 7, English, MAP
- monobasic ammonium phosphate 5, record 7, English, monobasic%20ammonium%20phosphate
correct
- phosphoric acid monoammonium salt 4, record 7, English, phosphoric%20acid%20monoammonium%20salt
correct
- ammonium orthophosphate dihydrogen 4, record 7, English, ammonium%20orthophosphate%20dihydrogen
correct
- dihydrogen ammonium phosphate 4, record 7, English, dihydrogen%20ammonium%20phosphate
correct
- primary ammonium phosphate 3, record 7, English, primary%20ammonium%20phosphate
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Brilliant white crystals or powder. Mildly acid in reaction. Moderately soluble in water... Derivation :[interaction] of phosphoric acid and ammonia in proper proportions.... Uses :... plant nutrient solutions; manufacture of yeast, vinegar, yeast foods, and bread improvers; food additive; analytical chemistry. 8, record 7, English, - ammonium%20dihydrogenphosphate
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
ammonium dihydrogenphosphate: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record. 1, record 7, English, - ammonium%20dihydrogenphosphate
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Chemical formulas: H6NO4P or NH4H2PO4 or H3O4P·H3N 9, record 7, English, - ammonium%20dihydrogenphosphate
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Additifs alimentaires
- Médicaments
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 7
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- dihydrogénophosphate d'ammonium
1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- phosphate acide d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20acide%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- biphosphate d'ammonium 2, record 7, French, biphosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate d'ammonium diacide 3, record 7, French, phosphate%20d%27ammonium%20diacide
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrogénoorthophosphate d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9noorthophosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrogéno phosphate d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9no%20phosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrophosphate d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, dihydrophosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate monobasique d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20monobasique%20d%27ammonium
see observation, masculine noun
- phosphate d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate primaire d'ammonium 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20primaire%20d%27ammonium
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate acide de monoammonium 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20acide%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrogénoorthophosphate de monoammonium 1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9noorthophosphate%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrogénophosphate de monoammonium 1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- hydrogénophosphate de monoammonium 1, record 7, French, hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- orthophosphate de monoammonium 1, record 7, French, orthophosphate%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- phosphate de monoammonium 4, record 7, French, phosphate%20de%20monoammonium
correct, masculine noun
- PMA 1, record 7, French, PMA
correct, masculine noun
- PMA 1, record 7, French, PMA
- phosphate monobasique 1, record 7, French, phosphate%20monobasique%20
see observation, masculine noun
- sel de monoammonium de l'acide phosphorique 1, record 7, French, sel%20de%20monoammonium%20de%20l%27acide%20phosphorique
correct, masculine noun
- dihydrogéno orthophosphate monoammonique 1, record 7, French, dihydrog%C3%A9no%20orthophosphate%20monoammonique
masculine noun
- monophosphate d'ammonium 5, record 7, French, monophosphate%20d%27ammonium
masculine noun
- orthophosphate d'ammonium diacide 1, record 7, French, orthophosphate%20d%27ammonium%20diacide
masculine noun
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Cristaux incolores quadratiques, solubles dans l'eau, insolubles dans l'acétone et l'alcool. Obtenu par action de l'ammoniac sur l'acide phosphorique, ce produit sert à préparer les levures artificielles et est également utilisé en thérapeutique. 6, record 7, French, - dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20d%27ammonium
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS
dihydrogénophosphate d'ammonium : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche. 1, record 7, French, - dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20d%27ammonium
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS
L'adjectif basique est correctement utilisé en français pour désigner un sel basique qui peut formellement libérer un anion OH-. Il est fortement déconseillé de l'utiliser en français dans le cas d'un sel acide contenant un ou plusieurs cations H+; on doit donc éviter les noms tels que «phosphate monobasique» et «phosphate monobasique d'ammonium» qui sont des anglicismes de mauvais aloi. 1, record 7, French, - dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20d%27ammonium
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 4 OBS
Formules chimiques : H6NO4P ou NH4H2PO4 ou H3O4P·H3N 7, record 7, French, - dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate%20d%27ammonium
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Elementos y compuestos químicos
- Aditivos alimentarios
- Medicamentos
Entrada(s) universal(es) Record 7
Record 7, Main entry term, Spanish
- bifosfato de amonio
1, record 7, Spanish, bifosfato%20de%20amonio
masculine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 7, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Fórmulas químicas: H6NO4P o NH4H2PO4 o H3O4P·H3N 2, record 7, Spanish, - bifosfato%20de%20amonio
Record 8 - internal organization data 2011-06-02
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Food Industries
- Breadmaking
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- sourdough
1, record 8, English, sourdough
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
- sour 2, record 8, English, sour
correct
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Dough containing active yeast, saved from one baking for the next. 3, record 8, English, - sourdough
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A sourdough is one that is acidified and leavened by its microorganisms and that can be perpetuated ("refreshened") by adding flour and water to provide continuous acidification and fermentation. Sourdough performs three functions: leavening, acidification, and flavor development. 4, record 8, English, - sourdough
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Prospectors and pioneers used sourdough for making bread to avoid the need for fresh yeast. 3, record 8, English, - sourdough
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Industrie de l'alimentation
- Boulangerie
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- levain
1, record 8, French, levain
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
- levain de pâte 2, record 8, French, levain%20de%20p%C3%A2te
masculine noun
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Pâte composée de farine et d'eau, ayant subi une fermentation spontanée, à réaction acide, sans addition initiale de levure. 3, record 8, French, - levain
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Industria alimentaria
- Panificación
Record 8, Main entry term, Spanish
- masa madre
1, record 8, Spanish, masa%20madre
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 8, Synonyms, Spanish
- masa fermentada 1, record 8, Spanish, masa%20fermentada
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 2009-11-20
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Cookies and Cookie Making
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- biscuit
1, record 9, English, biscuit
correct, Canada, United States
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
- hot biscuit 2, record 9, English, hot%20biscuit
correct, Canada, United States
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In American English, a "biscuit" is a small bread made with baking powder or baking soda as a leavening agent rather than yeast(although a type of biscuit called an "angel biscuit" contains yeast as well, as do those made with a sourdough starter). This roughly corresponds to a "scone" in British English usage. 3, record 9, English, - biscuit
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 PHR
Baking powder biscuit. 2, record 9, English, - biscuit
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 PHR
Sour cream, whole-wheat hot biscuit. 2, record 9, English, - biscuit
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Biscuits et biscuiterie
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- biscuit chaud
1, record 9, French, biscuit%20chaud
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 PHR
Biscuit chaud à l'ancienne, à la crème sure, à la farine de blé entier, à la poudre à pâte. 1, record 9, French, - biscuit%20chaud
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 2007-01-09
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- aboloo
1, record 10, English, aboloo
correct, regional
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
- ablo 2, record 10, English, ablo
correct, regional
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[A] steam-cooked bread... made form maize, sugar, salt and baker's yeast... eaten with stew, soup, etc. 1, record 10, English, - aboloo
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Ablo and aboloo: terms used in West Africa. 3, record 10, English, - aboloo
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- aboloo
1, record 10, French, aboloo
correct, masculine noun, regional
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
- ablo 2, record 10, French, ablo
correct, masculine noun, regional
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Aliment à base de maïs. 1, record 10, French, - aboloo
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Aboloo; ablo : termes utilisés en Afrique occidentale. 3, record 10, French, - aboloo
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 2007-01-04
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- batter bread
1, record 11, English, batter%20bread
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A yeast bread that is formed without kneading. 1, record 11, English, - batter%20bread
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
It begins with a very thick batter that often requires extra yeast and, in order to stretch the gluten so the bread will rise effectively, always demands vigorous beating(which can be accomplished with an electric mixer). 1, record 11, English, - batter%20bread
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS
The mixture should be stiff enough for a spoon to stand up in. A batter bread’s texture won’t be as refind as that of a bread that has been kneaded but the results are equally delicious. 2, record 11, English, - batter%20bread
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- pain à pâte battue
1, record 11, French, pain%20%C3%A0%20p%C3%A2te%20battue
proposal, masculine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le pain chapelé : petit pain fait avec une pâte battue et fort légère, assaisonnée de beurre ou de lait [...] 2, record 11, French, - pain%20%C3%A0%20p%C3%A2te%20battue
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record 12 - internal organization data 2003-12-01
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Breadmaking
- Brewing and Malting
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- mineral salt
1, record 12, English, mineral%20salt
correct
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
Record 12, Synonyms, English
- inorganic salt 2, record 12, English, inorganic%20salt
correct
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A salt of an inorganic acid. 3, record 12, English, - mineral%20salt
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Bread improvers] contain inorganic salts such as ammonium or calcium sulfate and ammonium phosphates which serve as yeast foods and dough conditioners. 4, record 12, English, - mineral%20salt
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT
The essential classes of substances which must be present for yeast nutrition are mineral salts, sources of carbon, nitrogen and energy sources, and growth factors. The necessary mineral salts are normally present in the wort, coming partially from the malt and partially from the brewery water. 5, record 12, English, - mineral%20salt
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Boulangerie
- Brasserie et malterie
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- sel minéral
1, record 12, French, sel%20min%C3%A9ral
correct, masculine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
- sel inorganique 2, record 12, French, sel%20inorganique
correct, masculine noun
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'eau est une véritable matière première pour la fabrication de la bière, grâce aux sels minéraux qu'elle contient. [...] La nature et la quantité des sels de l'eau jouent un grand rôle au brassage en modifiant les réactions enzymatiques de l'empâtage, le pH du moût et de la bière, sa stabilité et son amertume. 3, record 12, French, - sel%20min%C3%A9ral
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Elementos y compuestos químicos
- Panificación
- Fabricación de cerveza y malta
Record 12, Main entry term, Spanish
- sales inorgánicas
1, record 12, Spanish, sales%20inorg%C3%A1nicas
correct, feminine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 12, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Grupo de compuestos inorgánicos de los que algunos existen en grandes cantidades y son, por tanto, importantes para el medio. 1, record 12, Spanish, - sales%20inorg%C3%A1nicas
Record 12, Key term(s)
- sal inorgánica
Record 13 - internal organization data 2003-12-01
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- leaven
1, record 13, English, leaven
correct
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
Record 13, Synonyms, English
Record 13, Textual support, English
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF
... a substance used to produce a gas that makes dough or batter lighter during baking. The leaven used in making bread is usually baker's yeast, which when mixed with the dough rapidly ferments the sugars derived from the flour starch. 1, record 13, English, - leaven
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- ferment
1, record 13, French, ferment
correct, masculine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La fermentation panaire est une fermentation alcoolique provoquée par l'action de ferments qui transforment les sucres, présents dans la pâte, en alcool et en gaz carbonique. Dans leur généralité, les ferments sont des micro-organismes, capables de provoquer une fermentation en transformant dans un milieu approprié les substances "fermentescibles" qui leur conviennent. [...] les ferments authentiques [comprennent] les levures [...] 1, record 13, French, - ferment
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Panificación
Record 13, Main entry term, Spanish
- fermento
1, record 13, Spanish, fermento
masculine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 13, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Levadura. 1, record 13, Spanish, - fermento
Record 14 - internal organization data 2003-05-28
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Food Additives
- Breadmaking
- Brewing and Malting
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- dry yeast
1, record 14, English, dry%20yeast
correct
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
- active dry yeast 2, record 14, English, active%20dry%20yeast
correct
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS
This is the yeast called for by most bread recipes. 3, record 14, English, - dry%20yeast
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Additifs alimentaires
- Boulangerie
- Brasserie et malterie
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- levure sèche
1, record 14, French, levure%20s%C3%A8che
correct, feminine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
- levure sèche active 2, record 14, French, levure%20s%C3%A8che%20active
correct, feminine noun
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La levure sèche active sous forme de petits granulés emballés sous air en boîte plastique ou métallique, cette levure est destinée aux pizzerias. Son pouvoir ferment modéré et régulier donne la tolérance en fermentation nécessaire à ce type d'application. 3, record 14, French, - levure%20s%C3%A8che
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Aditivos alimentarios
- Panificación
- Fabricación de cerveza y malta
Record 14, Main entry term, Spanish
- levadura seca
1, record 14, Spanish, levadura%20seca
correct, feminine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 14, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Record 15 - internal organization data 2001-11-06
Record 15, English
Record 15, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 15, Main entry term, English
- yeast bread
1, record 15, English, yeast%20bread
correct
Record 15, Abbreviations, English
Record 15, Synonyms, English
Record 15, Textual support, English
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Any bread whose primary leavening action results from the fermentation of sugar by yeast. 1, record 15, English, - yeast%20bread
Record 15, French
Record 15, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 15, Main entry term, French
- pain à la levure
1, record 15, French, pain%20%C3%A0%20la%20levure
correct, masculine noun
Record 15, Abbreviations, French
Record 15, Synonyms, French
Record 15, Textual support, French
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Remplacer la farine blanchie tout usage Robin Hood par une quantité égale de farine à pain Premier choix blanc de ménage Robin Hood dans toutes les recettes de pain à la levure. 1, record 15, French, - pain%20%C3%A0%20la%20levure
Record 15, Spanish
Record 15, Textual support, Spanish
Record 16 - internal organization data 2001-08-27
Record 16, English
Record 16, Subject field(s)
- Grain Growing
Record 16, Main entry term, English
- sour-fermentation method
1, record 16, English, sour%2Dfermentation%20method
correct
Record 16, Abbreviations, English
Record 16, Synonyms, English
Record 16, Textual support, English
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Unlike their European neighbours, Spanish bakers and consumers prefer breads produced on a sour-fermentatin method to breads made with compressed yeast, although some yeast-leavened bread is produced in the larger urban areas. Two principal types of bread are baked in Spain : namely Viennese types and hard types. Hard breads are make from a very stiff dough of low absorption(35%) which is often hand mixed and milled through a dough brake(bregadora). Both types of bread are baked on the hearth of the oven and are made in weights varying from 0. 5 to 2. 75 kilograms. 1, record 16, English, - sour%2Dfermentation%20method
Record 16, French
Record 16, Domaine(s)
- Culture des céréales
Record 16, Main entry term, French
- procédé de fermentation acide
1, record 16, French, proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20de%20fermentation%20acide
correct, masculine noun
Record 16, Abbreviations, French
Record 16, Synonyms, French
Record 16, Textual support, French
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Contrairement à leurs voisins européens, les boulangers et les consommateurs espagnols préfèrent les pains obtenus par procédé de fermentation acide aux pains à levure pressée, bien que l'on produise dans les villes plus importantes du pain levé à la levure. Deux types principaux de pain sont fabriqués en Espagne : les types viennois et les types durs. Ces derniers sont faits d'une pâte très ferme, de faible hydratation (35%), qui est souvent malaxée à la main et passée au cylindre laminoir ("bregadora"). Ces deux types de pain sont cuits sur la sole du four et leur poids varie de 0,5 à 2,75 kilogrammes. 1, record 16, French, - proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9%20de%20fermentation%20acide
Record 16, Spanish
Record 16, Textual support, Spanish
Record 17 - internal organization data 2001-08-27
Record 17, English
Record 17, Subject field(s)
- Grain Growing
Record 17, Main entry term, English
- dough brake (bregadora)
1, record 17, English, dough%20brake%20%28bregadora%29
correct
Record 17, Abbreviations, English
Record 17, Synonyms, English
Record 17, Textual support, English
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Unlike their European neighbours, Spanish bakers and consumers prefer breads produced on a sour-fermentatin method to breads made with compressed yeast, although some yeast-leavened bread is produced in the larger urban areas. Two principal types of bread are baked in Spain : namely Viennese types and hard types. Hard breads are make from a very stiff dough of low absorption(35%) which is often hand mixed and milled through a dough brake(bregadora). Both types of bread are baked on the hearth of the oven and are made in weights varying from 0. 5 to 2. 75 kilograms. 1, record 17, English, - dough%20brake%20%28bregadora%29
Record 17, French
Record 17, Domaine(s)
- Culture des céréales
Record 17, Main entry term, French
- cylindre laminoir (bregadora)
1, record 17, French, cylindre%20laminoir%20%28bregadora%29
correct, masculine noun
Record 17, Abbreviations, French
Record 17, Synonyms, French
Record 17, Textual support, French
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Contrairement à leurs voisins européens, les boulangers et les consommateurs espagnols préfèrent les pains obtenus par procédé de fermentation acide aux pains à levure pressée, bien que l'on produise dans les villes plus importantes du pain levé à la levure. Deux types principaux de pain sont fabriqués en Espagne : les types viennois et les types durs. Ces derniers sont faits d'une pâte très ferme, de faible hydratation (35%), qui est souvent malaxée à la main et passée au cylindre laminoir ("bregadora"). Ces deux types de pain sont cuits sur la sole du four et leur poids varie de 0,5 à 2,75 kilogrammes. 1, record 17, French, - cylindre%20laminoir%20%28bregadora%29
Record 17, Spanish
Record 17, Textual support, Spanish
Record 18 - internal organization data 2001-08-13
Record 18, English
Record 18, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 18, Main entry term, English
- baking-powder biscuit
1, record 18, English, baking%2Dpowder%20biscuit
correct
Record 18, Abbreviations, English
Record 18, Synonyms, English
- baking powder biscuit 2, record 18, English, baking%20powder%20biscuit
correct
Record 18, Textual support, English
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS
biscuit : A quick bread made in a small shape from dough that has been rolled and cut or dropped and that is raised in the baking by a leavening agent other than yeast.(baking-powder biscuits). 1, record 18, English, - baking%2Dpowder%20biscuit
Record 18, French
Record 18, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 18, Main entry term, French
- biscuit à levure chimique
1, record 18, French, biscuit%20%C3%A0%20levure%20chimique
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Abbreviations, French
Record 18, Synonyms, French
- biscuit à levure artificielle 1, record 18, French, biscuit%20%C3%A0%20levure%20artificielle
correct, masculine noun
- biscuit à poudre à lever 1, record 18, French, biscuit%20%C3%A0%20poudre%20%C3%A0%20lever
correct, masculine noun
Record 18, Textual support, French
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS
poudre à pâte : Calque de l'anglais «baking powder» au sens de levure chimique. 2, record 18, French, - biscuit%20%C3%A0%20levure%20chimique
Record 18, Key term(s)
- biscuit à la poudre à pâte
- petit pain tôt fait
Record 18, Spanish
Record 18, Textual support, Spanish
Record 19 - internal organization data 2000-08-29
Record 19, English
Record 19, Subject field(s)
- Artificial Intelligence
- Mathematics
Record 19, Main entry term, English
- Hénon attractor
1, record 19, English, H%C3%A9non%20attractor
correct
Record 19, Abbreviations, English
Record 19, Synonyms, English
Record 19, Textual support, English
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The Hénon attractor grows on the computer screen from a single point into a graceful boomerang shape. The image is produced by iterating a pair of simple functions, one of them having a nonlinear term, applied initially to some point in the plane specified by particular x-and y-coordinates. With each iteration, the attractor as a whole is stretched and folded, in much the same way that a baker kneads bread dough. Points that are initially close together get stretched apart, but are eventually folded back close together. All that's missing is the yeast. There is much that is strange about the Hémon attractor. For one thing, it appears to be the same regardless of the iteration's starting point. It also seems to retain complex detail at all levels : magnify any "line" and it is seen to separate into several parallel lines, each of which also separates under further magnification. 2, record 19, English, - H%C3%A9non%20attractor
Record 19, French
Record 19, Domaine(s)
- Intelligence artificielle
- Mathématiques
Record 19, Main entry term, French
- attracteur de Hénon
1, record 19, French, attracteur%20de%20H%C3%A9non
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Abbreviations, French
Record 19, Synonyms, French
Record 19, Textual support, French
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Attracteur étrange et fractal généré à partir d'un point par une application itérative non linéaire du plan sur lui-même. Il a la forme hyperbolique d'un boomerang qui s'étire et se replie sans changer dans le détail. 2, record 19, French, - attracteur%20de%20H%C3%A9non
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La façon dont apparaissent les points successifs est irrégulière, imprévisible et aléatoire. À cet égard, sa dynamique présente un aspect chaotique, turbulent. Créé en 1976, l'attracteur de Hénon représente le comportement d'un système dynamique conservatif. 2, record 19, French, - attracteur%20de%20H%C3%A9non
Record 19, Spanish
Record 19, Textual support, Spanish
Record 20 - internal organization data 2000-07-07
Record 20, English
Record 20, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 20, Main entry term, English
- flat bread
1, record 20, English, flat%20bread
correct
Record 20, Abbreviations, English
Record 20, Synonyms, English
- flatbread 1, record 20, English, flatbread
correct
Record 20, Textual support, English
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Bread made by baking dough which has not been leavened with yeast or baking powder. Matzo is baked to a crisp texture, while pita and chapatis have a softer texture. 1, record 20, English, - flat%20bread
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Flat breads: Mostly ethnic breads and the most widely consumed bread type in the world. 2, record 20, English, - flat%20bread
Record 20, French
Record 20, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 20, Main entry term, French
- pain plat
1, record 20, French, pain%20plat
proposal, masculine noun
Record 20, Abbreviations, French
Record 20, Synonyms, French
Record 20, Textual support, French
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Catégorie de pains non levés et cuits qui comprend la gamme des pains indiens, mexicains, libanais, arabes [...] etc. 1, record 20, French, - pain%20plat
Record 20, Spanish
Record 20, Textual support, Spanish
Record 21 - internal organization data 1999-09-07
Record 21, English
Record 21, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 21, Main entry term, English
Record 21, Abbreviations, English
Record 21, Synonyms, English
Record 21, Textual support, English
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A thick mixture of flour, yeast and liquids that is made as the first fermenting step in some yeast bread recipes. 1, record 21, English, - sponge
Record 21, French
Record 21, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 21, Main entry term, French
- poolish
1, record 21, French, poolish
feminine noun
Record 21, Abbreviations, French
Record 21, Synonyms, French
- pouliche 2, record 21, French, pouliche
feminine noun
Record 21, Textual support, French
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Sorte de levain liquide [...] composé de levure et d'un mélange d'eau, de farine [...] 1, record 21, French, - poolish
Record 21, Spanish
Record 21, Textual support, Spanish
Record 22 - internal organization data 1995-08-04
Record 22, English
Record 22, Subject field(s)
- Law on Use of Air Space
Record 22, Main entry term, English
- old fashioned white bread 1, record 22, English, old%20fashioned%20white%20bread
Record 22, Abbreviations, English
Record 22, Synonyms, English
Record 22, Textual support, English
Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS
White bread make using potato yeast. 2, record 22, English, - old%20fashioned%20white%20bread
Record 22, French
Record 22, Domaine(s)
- Droit aérien
Record 22, Main entry term, French
- pain blanc à l'ancienne
1, record 22, French, pain%20blanc%20%C3%A0%20l%27ancienne
masculine noun
Record 22, Abbreviations, French
Record 22, Synonyms, French
Record 22, Textual support, French
Record 22, Spanish
Record 22, Textual support, Spanish
Record 23 - internal organization data 1988-06-08
Record 23, English
Record 23, Subject field(s)
- Breadmaking
Record 23, Main entry term, English
- sweet yeast goods 1, record 23, English, sweet%20yeast%20goods
Record 23, Abbreviations, English
Record 23, Synonyms, English
Record 23, Textual support, English
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS
In a list of bakery goods :bread, donuts, sweet yeast goods, cookies, etc. 1, record 23, English, - sweet%20yeast%20goods
Record 23, French
Record 23, Domaine(s)
- Boulangerie
Record 23, Main entry term, French
- pâtisserie levée sucrée 1, record 23, French, p%C3%A2tisserie%20lev%C3%A9e%20sucr%C3%A9e
Record 23, Abbreviations, French
Record 23, Synonyms, French
Record 23, Textual support, French
Record 23, Spanish
Record 23, Textual support, Spanish
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