TERMIUM Plus®
From: Translation Bureau
On social media
Consult the Government of Canada’s terminology data bank.
YIELD STRENGTH [25 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2023-10-17
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Steel
- Heat Treatment of Metals
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- bake hardening steel
1, record 1, English, bake%20hardening%20steel
correct, standardized
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Steel with the ability to gain an increase of yield strength after a plastic pre-strain and a subsequent heat treatment... in the usual industrial paint processes(in the region of 170 °C for 20 min). 2, record 1, English, - bake%20hardening%20steel
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Bake hardening steels are alloyed with carbon and nitrogen in solid solution, keeping the yield strength low prior to press forming. 3, record 1, English, - bake%20hardening%20steel
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
bake hardening steel: designation and definition standardized by ISO. 4, record 1, English, - bake%20hardening%20steel
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Acier
- Traitement à chaud des métaux
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- acier durci après cuisson
1, record 1, French, acier%20durci%20apr%C3%A8s%20cuisson
proposal, masculine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Acier qui présente la capacité d'augmenter sa résistance mécanique après une déformation plastique et un traitement thermique [...] ultérieur dans le procédé industriel courant de peinture (dans la région de 170 °C pendant 20 min). 2, record 1, French, - acier%20durci%20apr%C3%A8s%20cuisson
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
acier durci après cuisson : proposition fondée sur le «durcissement après cuisson» pour éviter l'emprunt direct de l'anglais «bake hardening». 1, record 1, French, - acier%20durci%20apr%C3%A8s%20cuisson
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2022-06-14
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Heat Treatment of Metals
- Metal Processing
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- bake hardening
1, record 2, English, bake%20hardening
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
- BH 1, record 2, English, BH
correct
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Bake hardening(BH) is widely used in the automotive industry for enhancement of components’ yield strength(YS), leading to the improvements in dent and crash resistance. 1, record 2, English, - bake%20hardening
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Traitement à chaud des métaux
- Transformation des métaux
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- durcissement après cuisson
1, record 2, French, durcissement%20apr%C3%A8s%20cuisson
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
- durcissement 2, record 2, French, durcissement
correct, masculine noun
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2019-02-08
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Metal Processing
- Ballistics
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- autofrettaged tube
1, record 3, English, autofrettaged%20tube
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- autofrettaged cylinder 2, record 3, English, autofrettaged%20cylinder
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The reduction of compressive yield strength within the yielded zone of an autofrettaged tube is of importance, as on removal of the autofrettage pressure, the region near the bore experiences high values of compressive hoop stress, approaching the magnitude of the tensile yield strength of the material if the unloading is totally elastic. 2, record 3, English, - autofrettaged%20tube
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Transformation des métaux
- Balistique
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- tube autofretté
1, record 3, French, tube%20autofrett%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- cylindre autofretté 2, record 3, French, cylindre%20autofrett%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La balistique intérieure permet de déterminer la loi de développement de la pression dans l'âme, et donc de calculer la résistance exigée de la bouche à feu. Cela entraîne généralement le choix d'un tube autofretté, quoiqu'il soit possible d'utiliser aujourd'hui des aciers à haute limite élastique. 3, record 3, French, - tube%20autofrett%C3%A9
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2017-04-13
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Metallography
- Nuclear Fission Reactors
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- thermal aging
1, record 4, English, thermal%20aging
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In a nuclear plant of Westinghouse design the reactor coolant system components may be forged or cast stainless steel and varies from plant to plant. The reactor coolant pump casings are always cast. Both forged and cast product forms exhibit exceptionally high toughness in the as-build condition; however, the cast material is susceptible to thermal aging. Thermal aging causes significant reduction in fracture toughness, while the tensile strength and yield stress of the materials most often increase. 1, record 4, English, - thermal%20aging
Record 4, Key term(s)
- thermal ageing
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Métallographie
- Réacteurs nucléaires de fission
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- vieillissement thermique
1, record 4, French, vieillissement%20thermique
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
- vieillissement à chaud 2, record 4, French, vieillissement%20%C3%A0%20chaud
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La dénomination de «vieillissement thermique» recouvre toute une série de mécanismes basés sur la diffusion des éléments chimiques et permettant aux «systèmes» métallurgiques de revenir à un état d'équilibre thermodynamique plus stable, sous l'effet de la température de fonctionnement (entre 290 et 350 °C dans le cœur des REP [réacteur à eau sous pression]). Ce retour à l'équilibre se traduit par une évolution microstructurale et par une évolution des propriétés des matériaux. Les principaux mécanismes de vieillissement thermique susceptibles d'apparaître sont la précipitation, la mise en ordre, le vieillissement dynamique et la ségrégation de certaines espèces chimiques. Tous ces mécanismes conduisent plus ou moins à une fragilisation du matériau (avec ou sans durcissement). 3, record 4, French, - vieillissement%20thermique
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2015-01-05
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Concrete Preparation and Mixing
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- mix proportion 1, record 5, English, mix%20proportion
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
- proportioning 2, record 5, English, proportioning
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Concrete mix proportions shall be determined on the basis of trial mixes that meet the requirements of the specifications for :(a) Strength... ;(b) Slump... ;(c) Air content... ;(d) Density/Yield.... 1, record 5, English, - mix%20proportion
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Fabrication du béton
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- dosage
1, record 5, French, dosage
correct, masculine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Dosage des mélanges de béton. On établit le dosage des constituants du béton de manière à obtenir un béton qui soit maniable compte tenu des conditions de mise en œuvre, qui atteigne la résistance en compression spécifiée, qui soit résistant aux conditions d'exposition auxquelles il sera soumis et qui possède les meilleures caractéristiques possibles du point de vue de déformabilité. 2, record 5, French, - dosage
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2014-06-10
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Springs (Mechanical Components)
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- low temperature annealing
1, record 6, English, low%20temperature%20annealing
correct, standardized
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A low-temperature heating process to eliminate inner stress and improve various properties of the materials such as elastic limit, yield strength or fatigue strength, or to stabilize the form. 1, record 6, English, - low%20temperature%20annealing
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
low temperature annealing: term and definition standardized by ISO. 2, record 6, English, - low%20temperature%20annealing
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Ressorts (Composants mécaniques)
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- recuit basse température
1, record 6, French, recuit%20basse%20temp%C3%A9rature
correct, masculine noun, standardized
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Processus de chauffage à basse température destiné à éliminer la contrainte interne et améliorer les différentes propriétés des matériaux telles que la limite élastique, la résistance à la déformation ou la résistance à la fatigue, ou à stabiliser la forme. 1, record 6, French, - recuit%20basse%20temp%C3%A9rature
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
recuit basse température : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO. 2, record 6, French, - recuit%20basse%20temp%C3%A9rature
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2010-04-16
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Rheology
- Scientific Measurements and Analyses
- Engineering Tests and Reliability
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- yield strength
1, record 7, English, yield%20strength
correct, standardized
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
Record 7, Synonyms, English
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The stress at which the material exhibits a specified limiting permanent strain or set, usually 0,1% or 0,2%. 2, record 7, English, - yield%20strength
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Most metals do not show a yield point and therefore an arbitrary property yield strength is determined... 3, record 7, English, - yield%20strength
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
yield strength : term standardized by the American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM). 4, record 7, English, - yield%20strength
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Rhéologie
- Mesures et analyse (Sciences)
- Fiabilité, contrôle et essais (Ingénierie)
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- limite d'élasticité conventionnelle
1, record 7, French, limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9%20conventionnelle
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
Record 7, Synonyms, French
- limite conventionnelle d'élasticité 2, record 7, French, limite%20conventionnelle%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9
correct, feminine noun, standardized
- limite pratique d'élasticité 3, record 7, French, limite%20pratique%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9
correct, feminine noun
- charge unitaire à la limite conventionnelle d'élasticité 4, record 7, French, charge%20unitaire%20%C3%A0%20la%20limite%20conventionnelle%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9
correct, feminine noun, standardized
- limite élastique conventionnelle 5, record 7, French, limite%20%C3%A9lastique%20conventionnelle
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Charge unitaire minimale provoquant une déformation permanente de 0,2; 0,01 ou 0,005 %. 1, record 7, French, - limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9%20conventionnelle
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Limite élastique conventionnelle. - Le passage entre les domaines de déformation élastique et plastique [...] est souvent difficile à mettre en évidence sur les courbes effort-allongement [tracées au cours de l'essai de traction]. On est donc amené à définir une limite élastique dite 0,2 ou 0,02 % [...] 5, record 7, French, - limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9%20conventionnelle
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS
limite conventionnelle d'élasticité; charge unitaire à la limite conventionnelle d'élasticité : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR. 6, record 7, French, - limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9%20conventionnelle
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 2009-10-14
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Morphology and General Physiology
- Bones and Joints
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- peak load
1, record 8, English, peak%20load
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
Record 8, Synonyms, English
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The biomechanical properties that were determined were :... peak load(a measure of the maximum force that the bone withstood before fracture) ;and stiffness(a measure of the extrinsic rigidity of the bone tissue). Yield load primarily measures the contribution of mineral to bone strength, whereas peak load measures the contribution of bone matrix proteins to the strength of the bone. 1, record 8, English, - peak%20load
Record 8, Key term(s)
- peak-load
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Morphologie et physiologie générale
- Os et articulations
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- charge maximale
1, record 8, French, charge%20maximale
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
Record 8, Synonyms, French
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La résistance osseuse est définie comme la charge maximale applicable avant la survenue d'une fracture. Celle-ci varie en fonction d'un certain nombre de facteurs, tels que la masse, la taille, la géométrie, la microarchitecture, mais également les propriétés matérielles intrinsèques du tissu osseux. 2, record 8, French, - charge%20maximale
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record 9 - internal organization data 2007-10-31
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- no action
1, record 9, English, no%20action
correct, officially approved
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
- no failure 1, record 9, English, no%20failure
correct, officially approved
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Thin snowpack areas have depth hoar at the bottom but tests yield no action indicating some strength. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. ] 1, record 9, English, - no%20action
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
no action; no failure: terms officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee. 2, record 9, English, - no%20action
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- aucune rupture
1, record 9, French, aucune%20rupture
correct, officially approved
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- pas de rupture 1, record 9, French, pas%20de%20rupture
correct, officially approved
- pas de cassure 1, record 9, French, pas%20de%20cassure
correct, officially approved
- aucune cassure 2, record 9, French, aucune%20cassure
correct, officially approved
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[Tests de stabilité du manteau neigeux.] Avec un peu d'habitude on peut apprécier la facilité d'obtention d'une cassure sur 5 classes : très facile (cassure obtenue en sciant), facile, modérée, difficile (pour une traction de plus en plus forte exercée sur la pelle) et impossible (aucune cassure). 3, record 9, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Dans les secteurs où le manteau neigeux est peu profond, on trouve à sa base une couche de givre de profondeur. Les tests n'ont toutefois donné aucune rupture ce qui indique un certain degré de résistance. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.] 1, record 9, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
aucune rupture; pas de rupture; pas de cassure; aucune cassure : termes uniformisés par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche. 4, record 9, French, - aucune%20rupture
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record 10 - internal organization data 2004-12-17
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Tools and Equipment (Textile Industries)
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- tensile strength tester
1, record 10, English, tensile%20strength%20tester
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
- tensile tester 2, record 10, English, tensile%20tester
correct
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[A device which] pulls on a given material until it breaks. 2, record 10, English, - tensile%20strength%20tester
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[With the tensile tester] it is possible to determine [the] strength [of a material] along with its elastic limit, elongation, modulus of elasticity, proportional limit, reduction in area, tensile strength, yield point, yield strength and other tensile properties. 2, record 10, English, - tensile%20strength%20tester
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Outillage et équipement (Industries du textile)
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- appareil de détermination de la résistance à la traction
1, record 10, French, appareil%20de%20d%C3%A9termination%20de%20la%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20traction
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
- appareil de contrôle de résistance à la traction 2, record 10, French, appareil%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20de%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20traction
correct, masculine noun
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[Appareil qui permet de tirer] sur un matériau jusqu'à ce qu'il brise. 1, record 10, French, - appareil%20de%20d%C3%A9termination%20de%20la%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20traction
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
[Cet appareil permet] de déterminer non seulement la force [du matériau] mais aussi son potentiel d'élasticité et d'élongation, son coefficient d'élasticité, sa limite proportionnelle, sa perte de surface, sa force de traction, son point de rendement et sa force de rendement, parmi d'autres attributs. 1, record 10, French, - appareil%20de%20d%C3%A9termination%20de%20la%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20traction
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
Record 11 - internal organization data 2004-03-01
Record 11, English
Record 11, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 11, Main entry term, English
- point discharge
1, record 11, English, point%20discharge
correct
Record 11, Abbreviations, English
Record 11, Synonyms, English
Record 11, Textual support, English
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A silent non-luminous electrical discharge from a pointed conductor maintained at a potential different from that of the surrounding gas. 2, record 11, English, - point%20discharge
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
In the atmosphere, trees and other grounded objects with points and protuberances may, in disturbed weather, be sources of point discharge current. Close to a pointed and grounded conductor that extends above surrounding objects, the local electric field strength may be many times greater than that existing at the same level far from the elevated conductor. When this local field reaches such a value that a free electron, finding itself acted upon by this field, can be accelerated(in one mean free path) to a sufficiently high velocity to ionize neutral air molecules, point discharge will begin. Different structures will yield point discharge under quite different gross field conditions, for geometry is critically important. Point discharge is recognized as a major process of charge transfer between electrified clouds and the earth, and is a leading item in the charge balance of the global electrical circuit. 3, record 11, English, - point%20discharge
Record 11, French
Record 11, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 11, Main entry term, French
- effet de pointe
1, record 11, French, effet%20de%20pointe
correct, masculine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, French
Record 11, Synonyms, French
- décharge par les pointes 2, record 11, French, d%C3%A9charge%20par%20les%20pointes
correct, feminine noun
- décharge ponctuelle 2, record 11, French, d%C3%A9charge%20ponctuelle
feminine noun
Record 11, Textual support, French
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Décharge électrique silencieuse et non lumineuse émanant d'un conducteur à pointe maintenu à un potentiel différent de celui du gaz environnant. 2, record 11, French, - effet%20de%20pointe
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Lors des orages, le champ électrique est inversé par rapport à son état habituel. Sa norme est en moyenne de 10 à 15 kV/m environ. Ce champ peut être fortement modifié par le relief : ce n'est donc qu'une valeur moyenne. Au voisinage des pointes (clochers, arbres, paratonnerres...) le champ peut atteindre des valeurs de l'ordre de 100 kV/m! Cette intensification du champ électrique au voisinage des pointes s'appelle l'effet de pointe. 3, record 11, French, - effet%20de%20pointe
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Dans l'atmosphère, les arbres et autres objets mis à la masse et pourvus de pointes et de protubérances peuvent être source de courant de décharge de pointe. 2, record 11, French, - effet%20de%20pointe
Record 11, Spanish
Record 11, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Fenómenos meteorológicos, climáticos y atmosféricos
Record 11, Main entry term, Spanish
- descarga de punta
1, record 11, Spanish, descarga%20de%20punta
feminine noun
Record 11, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 11, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 11, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Descarga eléctrica silenciosa y no luminosa que procede de un conductor puntiagudo con un potencial distinto al del medio gaseoso que lo rodea. 1, record 11, Spanish, - descarga%20de%20punta
Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS
En la atmósfera, los árboles y otros objetos en contacto con el suelo con puntas o protuberancias pueden ser fuentes de descarga de punta. 1, record 11, Spanish, - descarga%20de%20punta
Record 12 - internal organization data 2002-07-25
Record 12, English
Record 12, Subject field(s)
- Metrology and Units of Measure
- General Mechanics (Physics)
- Bodywork and Framework (Motor Vehicles)
Record 12, Main entry term, English
- resisting bending moment
1, record 12, English, resisting%20bending%20moment
correct
Record 12, Abbreviations, English
- RBM 2, record 12, English, RBM
correct
- R.B.M. 3, record 12, English, R%2EB%2EM%2E
Record 12, Synonyms, English
Record 12, Textual support, English
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A strength measurement that combines the Yield strength of the material and the load carrying capacity based on the material size and shape. 4, record 12, English, - resisting%20bending%20moment
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Resisting bending moment(RBM) [is] a calculation used to compare frames of different section modulus and of different material. It is the product of the section modulus times the yield strength of the frame material. The formula is expressed as : RBM=Section Modulus x Yield Strength. 5, record 12, English, - resisting%20bending%20moment
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT
The mainframe of a heavy or medium-duty truck or tractor consists of a pair of C-section rails running the vehicle’s length ... joined by C-, T-, L- or hat-section crossmembers. ... "Resisting bending moment," or RBM [is] measured in inch-pounds. RBM describes the frame’s ability to withstand twisting forces as well as its carrying ability ... A road tractor’s frame might be built with an RBM of 1.3 million to 1.6 million inch-pounds, while a quad-rear-axle dump truck’s frame might have an RBM of 3 million inch-pounds. Yes, those are torque values, because torque is what’s applied to the frame as the vehicle rocks and rolls its way over a jobsite or roadway, and its load pulls and pushes on the frame. 6, record 12, English, - resisting%20bending%20moment
Record 12, French
Record 12, Domaine(s)
- Unités de mesure et métrologie
- Mécanique générale (Physique)
- Carrosserie, caisse et châssis (Véhicules automobiles)
Record 12, Main entry term, French
- moment de résistance à la flexion
1, record 12, French, moment%20de%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
masculine noun
Record 12, Abbreviations, French
Record 12, Synonyms, French
Record 12, Textual support, French
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Avec trois options selon la force des bâtis, les modèles de la classe 4-5 de GM permettent d'optimiser la capacité en poids et en charge supportée en vue d'usages spécifiques et ce, sans exiger de renfort. Les options incluent : . longerons de 6 mm d'épaisseur en acier d'une résistance de 50 000 lb/po² dans le cas des châssis d'autobus, procurant un moment de résistance à la flexion (MRF) de 356 000 lbf-po. 1, record 12, French, - moment%20de%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS
flexion : Mécan. Courbure d'une pièce longue (poutre, barre...) sous l'action de forces perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal et appliquées en des points où la pièce n'est pas soutenue. Flexion plane. Module de flexion. Résistance à la flexion. 2, record 12, French, - moment%20de%20r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
Record 12, Spanish
Record 12, Textual support, Spanish
Record 13 - internal organization data 2002-07-24
Record 13, English
Record 13, Subject field(s)
- Metrology and Units of Measure
- General Mechanics (Physics)
- Bodywork and Framework (Motor Vehicles)
Record 13, Main entry term, English
- resistance to bending moment
1, record 13, English, resistance%20to%20bending%20moment
correct
Record 13, Abbreviations, English
- RBM 2, record 13, English, RBM
correct
Record 13, Synonyms, English
- resistance to bending movement 3, record 13, English, resistance%20to%20bending%20movement
correct
- RBM 4, record 13, English, RBM
correct
- RBM 4, record 13, English, RBM
- resistance to bending 5, record 13, English, resistance%20to%20bending
correct
- RBM 5, record 13, English, RBM
correct
- RBM 5, record 13, English, RBM
Record 13, Textual support, English
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The standard measurement for frame strength is a term known as "RBM"(Resistance to Bending Movement). The RBM is the yield strength of the frame material multiplied by the section modules of the frame rail. A typical yield strength of steel used in commercial truck chassis is 50, 000 psi, and the section modules per frame is 13. 3 to 13. 4 inches cubed. Therefore, the RBM per rail is approximately 670, 000 inch-pounds, with the RBM of the entire chassis frame(both rails) being double that, or 1, 340, 000 pounds. 4, record 13, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Furthermore, a single frame in lieu of old double frames, such as those found in older dump trucks, saves 300-500 lb. in tare weight but still provides strong resistance to bending movement in the frame, which is essential when operating in a severe construction environment. 6, record 13, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 CONT
The 2000 Suburban ... modular frame ... Section modulus (in cubic inches) is up from 3.16 to 4.24 and the resistance to bending moment (in pounds/inches) goes from 104,000 to 140,000. 7, record 13, English, - resistance%20to%20bending%20moment
Record 13, French
Record 13, Domaine(s)
- Unités de mesure et métrologie
- Mécanique générale (Physique)
- Carrosserie, caisse et châssis (Véhicules automobiles)
Record 13, Main entry term, French
- résistance à la flexion
1, record 13, French, r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
feminine noun
Record 13, Abbreviations, French
Record 13, Synonyms, French
Record 13, Textual support, French
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[...] balai de rue automoteur à quatre roues [...] CHASSIS : De type en «C» de 76 mm X 330 mm en acier à haute résistance et à faible teneur en carbone. Module de section : 16,63. Résistance à la flexion : 831,500 lbs/po. 2, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Le dispositif de protection arrière doit avoir une résistance à la flexion au moins équivalente à celle d'une poutre en acier dont la section droite a un module de résistance à la flexion de 20 cm³. 3, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS
flexion : Mécan. Courbure d'une pièce longue (poutre, barre...) sous l'action de forces perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal et appliquées en des points où la pièce n'est pas soutenue. Flexion plane. Module de flexion. Résistance à la flexion. 4, record 13, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20flexion
Record 13, Spanish
Record 13, Textual support, Spanish
Record 14 - internal organization data 2002-04-09
Record 14, English
Record 14, Subject field(s)
- Textiles: Preparation and Processing
- Engineering Tests and Reliability
- Strength of Materials
Record 14, Main entry term, English
- tensile strength at break
1, record 14, English, tensile%20strength%20at%20break
correct
Record 14, Abbreviations, English
Record 14, Synonyms, English
- resistance to break 2, record 14, English, resistance%20to%20break
correct
Record 14, Textual support, English
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The tensile force recorded at the moment of rupture. 1, record 14, English, - tensile%20strength%20at%20break
Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The tensile strength and the tensile strength at break may be different if, after yield, the elongation continues and is accompanied by a drop in force resulting in tensile strength at break being lower than tensile strength. 1, record 14, English, - tensile%20strength%20at%20break
Record 14, French
Record 14, Domaine(s)
- Apprêt et traitements divers (Textiles)
- Fiabilité, contrôle et essais (Ingénierie)
- Résistance des matériaux
Record 14, Main entry term, French
- résistance à la rupture
1, record 14, French, r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20la%20rupture
correct, feminine noun
Record 14, Abbreviations, French
Record 14, Synonyms, French
Record 14, Textual support, French
Record 14, Spanish
Record 14, Textual support, Spanish
Record 15 - internal organization data 2001-06-19
Record 15, English
Record 15, Subject field(s)
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Plant Breeding
Record 15, Main entry term, English
- field performance
1, record 15, English, field%20performance
correct
Record 15, Abbreviations, English
Record 15, Synonyms, English
Record 15, Textual support, English
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
At the third generation, the survivors of the selection process during the first two generations begin a series of tests in field plots called progeny rows. These tests usually continue through the sixth or seventh generation. All through the field tests, the reactions of the hybrids to disease continue to be critically studies; information is accumulated about their agronomic characteristics; yield, earlinesss, strength of straw, plant type and seed type. Breadmaking quality tests are included in the overall screening procedure. At the eighth through the tenth generations, the surviving lines are increased and further screened for field performance, particularly yield and milling and baking quality. 1, record 15, English, - field%20performance
Record 15, French
Record 15, Domaine(s)
- Biologie végétale
- Génétique
- Amélioration végétale
Record 15, Main entry term, French
- comportement en grande culture
1, record 15, French, comportement%20en%20grande%20culture
correct, masculine noun
Record 15, Abbreviations, French
Record 15, Synonyms, French
- performance en champ 2, record 15, French, performance%20en%20champ
proposal, feminine noun
Record 15, Textual support, French
Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A la troisième génération, les survivants de la sélection pratiquée sur les deux premières générations commencent une série d'essais dans des parcelles appelées rangs de descendance. Ces essais se poursuivent habituellement jusqu'à la sixième ou septième génération et, pendant tout leur déroulement, on continue d'étudier de façon critique la réaction des hybrides aux maladies, on accumule des renseignements sur leurs caractères agronomiques, rendement, précocité, résistance de la paille, types de plante et de grain. Les essais sur la valeur boulangère font partie du processus de sélection global. De la huitième à la dixième génération, on multiplie les lignées survivantes et on les sélectionne plus à fond pour leur comportement en grande culture, en particulier pour leur rendement et leurs valeurs meunières et boulangères. 1, record 15, French, - comportement%20en%20grande%20culture
Record 15, Spanish
Record 15, Textual support, Spanish
Record 16 - internal organization data 2001-06-19
Record 16, English
Record 16, Subject field(s)
- Plant Breeding
- Grain Growing
Record 16, Main entry term, English
- resistant to shattering
1, record 16, English, resistant%20to%20shattering
correct
Record 16, Abbreviations, English
Record 16, Synonyms, English
- shattering resistance 2, record 16, English, shattering%20resistance
correct
Record 16, Textual support, English
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Shattering is a measure of strength that spike retains the caryopses. In strong wind conditions, loosely held, mature caryopses may fall out of the spike and thus represent yield loss. Most current cultivars have very good shattering resistance. In the durum/CPS program operated at the University of Saskatchewan, regular notes on this trait are not taken as good shattering resistance exists in the germplasm base of both wheat types. Shattering lines are immediately discarded when observed. 2, record 16, English, - resistant%20to%20shattering
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Agriculture Canada, Seed Division. 3, record 16, English, - resistant%20to%20shattering
Record 16, French
Record 16, Domaine(s)
- Amélioration végétale
- Culture des céréales
Record 16, Main entry term, French
- résistance à l'égrenage
1, record 16, French, r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20l%27%C3%A9grenage
correct, feminine noun
Record 16, Abbreviations, French
Record 16, Synonyms, French
Record 16, Textual support, French
Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Par l'entremise de ses fermes expérimentales d'Indian Head, le CRAPSA coopère à titre de membre du programme d'amélioration du blé des prairies arides, pour ce qui suit : développement de cultivars et de stocks génétiques de blé de force roux de printemps, de blé dur et de blé de printemps Canada Prairie, cultivars qui soient adaptés à la production des prairies du sud, ayant un rendement grainier supérieur à celui des cultivars commerciaux déjà offerts, résistant mieux aux maladies et/ou aux insectes, caractérisés aussi par une paille forte, la résistance à l'égrenage et la tolérance à la germination sur pied. 2, record 16, French, - r%C3%A9sistance%20%C3%A0%20l%27%C3%A9grenage
Record 16, Spanish
Record 16, Textual support, Spanish
Record 17 - internal organization data 2001-06-19
Record 17, English
Record 17, Subject field(s)
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Plant Breeding
Record 17, Main entry term, English
- progeny row
1, record 17, English, progeny%20row
correct
Record 17, Abbreviations, English
Record 17, Synonyms, English
Record 17, Textual support, English
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
At the third generation, the survivors of the selection process during the first two generations begin a series of tests in field plots called progeny rows. These tests usually continue through the sixth or seventh generation. All through the field tests, the reactions of the hybrids to disease continue to be critically studies; information is accumulated about their agronomic characteristics; yield, earlinesss, strength of straw, plant type and seed type. Breadmaking quality tests are included in the overall screening procedure. At the eighth through the tenth generations, the surviving lines are increased and further screened for field performance, particularly yield and milling and baking quality. 1, record 17, English, - progeny%20row
Record 17, French
Record 17, Domaine(s)
- Biologie végétale
- Génétique
- Amélioration végétale
Record 17, Main entry term, French
- rang de descendance
1, record 17, French, rang%20de%20descendance
correct, masculine noun
Record 17, Abbreviations, French
Record 17, Synonyms, French
Record 17, Textual support, French
Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A la troisième génération, les survivants de la sélection pratiquée sur les deux premières générations commencent une série d'essais dans des parcelles appelées rangs de descendance. Ces essais se poursuivent habituellement jusqu'à la sixième ou septième génération et, pendant tout leur déroulement, on continue d'étudier de façon critique la réaction des hybrides aux maladies, on accumule des renseignements sur leurs caractères agronomiques, rendement, précocité, résistance de la paille, types de plante et de grain. Les essais sur la valeur boulangère font partie du processus de sélection global. 1, record 17, French, - rang%20de%20descendance
Record 17, Spanish
Record 17, Textual support, Spanish
Record 18 - internal organization data 2001-06-19
Record 18, English
Record 18, Subject field(s)
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Plant Breeding
Record 18, Main entry term, English
- seventh generation
1, record 18, English, seventh%20generation
correct
Record 18, Abbreviations, English
Record 18, Synonyms, English
Record 18, Textual support, English
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
At the third generation, the survivors of the selection process during the first two generations begin a series of tests in field plots called progeny rows. These tests usually continue through the sixth or seventh generation. All through the field tests, the reactions of the hybrids to disease continue to be critically studies; information is accumulated about their agronomic characteristics; yield, earlinesss, strength of straw, plant type and seed type. Breadmaking quality tests are included in the overall screening procedure. At the eighth through the tenth generations, the surviving lines are increased and further screened for field performance, particularly yield and milling and baking quality. 1, record 18, English, - seventh%20generation
Record 18, French
Record 18, Domaine(s)
- Biologie végétale
- Génétique
- Amélioration végétale
Record 18, Main entry term, French
- septième génération
1, record 18, French, septi%C3%A8me%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration
correct, feminine noun
Record 18, Abbreviations, French
Record 18, Synonyms, French
Record 18, Textual support, French
Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT
A la troisième génération, les survivants de la sélection pratiquée sur les deux premières générations commencent une série d'essais dans des parcelles appelées rangs de descendance. Ces essais se poursuivent habituellement jusqu'à la sixième ou septième génération et, pendant tout leur déroulement, on continue d'étudier de façon critique la réaction des hybrides aux maladies, on accumule des renseignements sur leurs caractères agronomiques, rendement, précocité, résistance de la paille, types de plante et de grain. Les essais sur la valeur boulangère font partie du processus de sélection global. 1, record 18, French, - septi%C3%A8me%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration
Record 18, Spanish
Record 18, Textual support, Spanish
Record 19 - internal organization data 2000-12-21
Record 19, English
Record 19, Subject field(s)
- Steel
Record 19, Main entry term, English
- spring steel
1, record 19, English, spring%20steel
correct
Record 19, Abbreviations, English
Record 19, Synonyms, English
Record 19, Textual support, English
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Carbon or low-alloy steel which can be processed to give it the hardness and yield strength needed in springs. 2, record 19, English, - spring%20steel
Record 19, French
Record 19, Domaine(s)
- Acier
Record 19, Main entry term, French
- acier à ressorts
1, record 19, French, acier%20%C3%A0%20ressorts
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Abbreviations, French
Record 19, Synonyms, French
- acier à ressort 2, record 19, French, acier%20%C3%A0%20ressort
correct, masculine noun
Record 19, Textual support, French
Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Acier au silicium présentant une grande élasticité, utilisé pour la fabrication de ressorts. 3, record 19, French, - acier%20%C3%A0%20ressorts
Record 19, Spanish
Record 19, Textual support, Spanish
Record 20 - internal organization data 2000-09-13
Record 20, English
Record 20, Subject field(s)
- Finishing (Machine-Tooling)
Record 20, Main entry term, English
- stretcher leveling
1, record 20, English, stretcher%20leveling
correct
Record 20, Abbreviations, English
Record 20, Synonyms, English
- stretch leveling 2, record 20, English, stretch%20leveling
correct
- tension leveling 2, record 20, English, tension%20leveling
correct
- patent leveling 3, record 20, English, patent%20leveling
correct, less frequent
Record 20, Textual support, English
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Leveling a piece of metal(that is, removing warp and distortion) by gripping it at both ends and subjecting it to a stress higher than its yield strength. 3, record 20, English, - stretcher%20leveling
Record 20, Key term(s)
- stretcher levelling
- stretch levelling
- tension levelling
- patent levelling
Record 20, French
Record 20, Domaine(s)
- Finition (Usinage)
Record 20, Main entry term, French
- planage par étirage
1, record 20, French, planage%20par%20%C3%A9tirage
correct, masculine noun
Record 20, Abbreviations, French
Record 20, Synonyms, French
Record 20, Textual support, French
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Obtention de la planéité par traction. 2, record 20, French, - planage%20par%20%C3%A9tirage
Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le planage par étirage consiste à saisir l'extrémité de la tôle dans des mors fixes et de tirer sur l'autre extrémité avec une mâchoire mobile. L'effort de traction doit être tel qu'il soit possible de dépasser légèrement la limite élastique du métal [...] 3, record 20, French, - planage%20par%20%C3%A9tirage
Record 20, Spanish
Record 20, Textual support, Spanish
Record 21 - internal organization data 1993-05-19
Record 21, English
Record 21, Subject field(s)
- Textiles: Preparation and Processing
- Engineering Tests and Reliability
Record 21, Main entry term, English
- drop in force
1, record 21, English, drop%20in%20force
correct
Record 21, Abbreviations, English
Record 21, Synonyms, English
Record 21, Textual support, English
Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The tensile strength and the tensile strength at break may be different if, after yield, the elongation continues and is accompanied by a drop in force resulting in tensile strength at break being lower than tensile strength. 1, record 21, English, - drop%20in%20force
Record 21, French
Record 21, Domaine(s)
- Apprêt et traitements divers (Textiles)
- Fiabilité, contrôle et essais (Ingénierie)
Record 21, Main entry term, French
- chute de force
1, record 21, French, chute%20de%20force
correct, feminine noun
Record 21, Abbreviations, French
Record 21, Synonyms, French
Record 21, Textual support, French
Record 21, Spanish
Record 21, Textual support, Spanish
Record 22 - internal organization data 1993-05-19
Record 22, English
Record 22, Subject field(s)
- Textiles: Preparation and Processing
- General Vocabulary
Record 22, Main entry term, English
- yield
1, record 22, English, yield
correct
Record 22, Abbreviations, English
Record 22, Synonyms, English
Record 22, Textual support, English
Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The tensile strength and the tensile strength at break may be different if, after yield, the elongation continues and is accompanied by a drop in force resulting in tensile strength at break being lower than tensile strength. 1, record 22, English, - yield
Record 22, French
Record 22, Domaine(s)
- Apprêt et traitements divers (Textiles)
- Vocabulaire général
Record 22, Main entry term, French
- affaiblissement
1, record 22, French, affaiblissement
correct, masculine noun
Record 22, Abbreviations, French
Record 22, Synonyms, French
- fléchissement 1, record 22, French, fl%C3%A9chissement
correct, masculine noun
Record 22, Textual support, French
Record 22, Spanish
Record 22, Textual support, Spanish
Record 23 - internal organization data 1992-06-05
Record 23, English
Record 23, Subject field(s)
- Concrete Preparation and Mixing
Record 23, Main entry term, English
- trial mix 1, record 23, English, trial%20mix
Record 23, Abbreviations, English
Record 23, Synonyms, English
Record 23, Textual support, English
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Concrete mix proportions shall be determined on the basis of trial mixes that meet the requirements of the specifications for :(a) Strength... ;(b) Slump... ;(c) Air content... ;(d) Density/Yield.... 1, record 23, English, - trial%20mix
Record 23, French
Record 23, Domaine(s)
- Fabrication du béton
Record 23, Main entry term, French
- mélange d'essai
1, record 23, French, m%C3%A9lange%20d%27essai
masculine noun
Record 23, Abbreviations, French
Record 23, Synonyms, French
Record 23, Textual support, French
Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le dosage du béton doit être déterminé suivant des mélanges d'essai qui sont conformes aux exigences des spécifications établies pour les caractéristiques suivantes : a) la résistance (...) b) l'affaissement (...) c) la teneur en air (...) d) la masse volumique/rendement (...) 1, record 23, French, - m%C3%A9lange%20d%27essai
Record 23, Spanish
Record 23, Textual support, Spanish
Record 24 - internal organization data 1990-05-31
Record 24, English
Record 24, Subject field(s)
- Strength of Materials
- Engineering Tests and Reliability
- Destructive and Non-destructive Tests (Mat.)
Record 24, Main entry term, English
- tensile test
1, record 24, English, tensile%20test
correct
Record 24, Abbreviations, English
Record 24, Synonyms, English
- tension test 2, record 24, English, tension%20test
correct
Record 24, Textual support, English
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A test in which a specimen is subjected to increasing longitudinal pulling stress until fracture occurs. 3, record 24, English, - tensile%20test
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The tensile test is frequently used to obtain a great amount of information about the static mechanical properties of a material, including ductility, tensile strength, proportional limit, modulus of elasticity, elastic limit, resilience, yield point, yield strength, and breaking strength. 4, record 24, English, - tensile%20test
Record 24, Key term(s)
- tensile testing
Record 24, French
Record 24, Domaine(s)
- Résistance des matériaux
- Fiabilité, contrôle et essais (Ingénierie)
- Contrôle destructif et non destructif (Matér.)
Record 24, Main entry term, French
- essai de traction
1, record 24, French, essai%20de%20traction
correct, masculine noun
Record 24, Abbreviations, French
Record 24, Synonyms, French
Record 24, Textual support, French
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'essai de traction a pour objet d'étudier la déformation et la rupture d'une éprouvette soumise à des sollicitations (...) de sens opposés (...) 2, record 24, French, - essai%20de%20traction
Record number: 24, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Essai de traction. Cet essai consiste à (...) déterminer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques mécaniques suivantes: limite d'élasticité (...), résistance à la traction (...), allongement pour cent après rupture (...) et le coefficient de striction pour cent (...) 3, record 24, French, - essai%20de%20traction
Record 24, Spanish
Record 24, Textual support, Spanish
Record 25 - internal organization data 1980-07-03
Record 25, English
Record 25, Subject field(s)
- Rheology
- Metallography
- Destructive and Non-destructive Tests (Mat.)
Record 25, Main entry term, English
- yield strength 1, record 25, English, yield%20strength
Record 25, Abbreviations, English
Record 25, Synonyms, English
Record 25, Textual support, English
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Steel pipe is acceptable... and when the yield strength is not less than 35, 000 psi. 1, record 25, English, - yield%20strength
Record 25, French
Record 25, Domaine(s)
- Rhéologie
- Métallographie
- Contrôle destructif et non destructif (Matér.)
Record 25, Main entry term, French
- limite d'élasticité
1, record 25, French, limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9
feminine noun
Record 25, Abbreviations, French
Record 25, Synonyms, French
- limite élastique 1, record 25, French, limite%20%C3%A9lastique
feminine noun
- résistance au fléchissement 1, record 25, French, r%C3%A9sistance%20au%20fl%C3%A9chissement
feminine noun
Record 25, Textual support, French
Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Les conduites en acier peuvent servir au blindage pourvu [...] que leur limite d'élasticité soit d'au moins 35 000 livres par pouce carré. 1, record 25, French, - limite%20d%27%C3%A9lasticit%C3%A9
Record 25, Spanish
Record 25, Textual support, Spanish
Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank
© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2026
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau
Features
GCtranslate (available on the Government of Canada network only)
Use this artificial intelligence prototype to translate Government of Canada content up to and including Protected B. Available to employees of selected departments and agencies only.
Writing tools
The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.
Glossaries and vocabularies
Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.
- Date Modified:


