TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Phosphorus spectroscopy gives access to the detection of the high-energy phosphorylated metabolites ATP [adenosine triphosphate] and phosphocreatine(PCr), of the phosphate ion(Pi), and phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters.... Phosphorus spectroscopy is widely used to perform in vivo fully atraumatic biochemical studies...  1, record 1, English, - phosphorus%20spectroscopy

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El estudio directo de la bionergética muscular que se realizó en estos mismos pacientes con la técnica de espectroscopia del fósforo con resonancia nuclear magnética objetivó, además, que el rendimiento energético muscular, en la insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC), es inferior a lo normal y que el pH intracelular parece ser un factor clave en la fisiopatología de este fenómeno.  1, record 1, Spanish, - espectroscopia%20del%20f%C3%B3sforo

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The movement of ions along an electrochemical gradient through a membrane.  1, record 2, English, - chemiosmosis

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Usually, the term [chemiosmosis] is applied in connection with a proton gradient to generate the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate(ATP) during cellular respiration and photosynthesis.  1, record 2, English, - chemiosmosis

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cette réserve d'énergie est exploitée pour permettre aux protons de refluer à travers la membrane contre le gradient à travers une grande enzyme appelée ATP [adénosine triphosphate] synthase; ce processus est connu sous le nom chimiosmose.  2, record 2, French, - chimiosmose

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A transmembrane protein pump that can eliminate various small molecules from the cell.  3, record 3, English, - ATP%2Dbinding%20cassette%20transporter

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The ABC transporters have two membrane-spanning [domains](MSD) and [two] dimeric ATP [adenosine triphosphate]-nucleotide-binding domains(NBD). The MSDs may show greater variations, depending on whether they operate as a pump or a conductance channel. The NBD subunits play the role of the engines of the transport and interact through their arm 1 with the two MSDs.  4, record 3, English, - ATP%2Dbinding%20cassette%20transporter

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La structure canonique d'un transporteur ABC est composée de quatre domaines : deux domaines hydrophobes trans-membranaires (appelés MSD pour Membrane Spanning Domain) et deux domaines liant et hydrolysant l'ATP [adénosine triphosphate] (appelés NBD pour Nucleotide Binding Domain). Les MSD constituent le pore par lequel le substrat traverse la membrane et les NBD assurent son transport actif par hydrolyse d'ATP.  2, record 3, French, - transporteur%20%C3%A0%20cassette%20liant%20l%27ATP

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

phosphate group: Oxygenated phosphorus attached to a carbon chain (called inorganic phosphate when not attached.  3, record 5, English, - inorganic%20phosphate

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The ATP molecule consists of a nitrogen-containing organic base(adenine), a sugar(ribose) and a string of three phosphate groups.... In most of the reactions where ATP serves as an energy currency only the terminal phosphate group is involved. ATP is formed by attaching a third phosphate to adenosine diphosphate(ADP) with the elimination of water. The reaction does not proceed spontaneously; on the contrary, a substantial quantity of energy must be supplied. Much of that energy can then be recovered in the reverse reaction, in which ATP is split into ADP and inorganic phosphate.  4, record 5, English, - inorganic%20phosphate

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Most of the usable energy in the body comes from splitting the energy rich molecule adenosine triphosphate(ATP) into the lower-energy products adenosine diphosphate(ADP) and inorganic phosphate(Pi).  4, record 5, English, - inorganic%20phosphate

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La molécule d'ATP comprend une base organique qui contient un groupe azoté (l'adénine), un sucre (le ribose) et une série de trois groupements phosphate [...] La plupart des réactions où l'ATP fournit l'énergie ne font intervenir que le phosphate terminal. L'ATP se forme par addition d'un troisième phosphate à l'adénosine-diphosphate (ADP) et élimination d'une molécule d'eau. La réaction ne s'effectue pas spontanément; elle nécessite au contraire l'apport d'une quantité importante d'énergie dont la majeure partie peut ensuite être récupérée au cours de la réaction inverse dans laquelle l'ATP est scindé en ADP et en phosphate inorganique.  3, record 5, French, - phosphate%20inorganique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La plus grande partie de l'énergie utilisable par l'organisme provient de la dégradation d'une molécule réservoir d'énergie, l'ATP (adénosine-triphosphate) en ADP (adénosine diphosphate), moins riche en énergie, et en phosphate inorganique (Pi).  3, record 5, French, - phosphate%20inorganique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The histochemical assay for SDH [succinate dehydrogenase] is used to distinguish between oxidative and nonoxidative(actually, "less" oxidative) fibers. Recall that fibers with a high oxidative capacity generate ATP [adenosine triphosphate] via oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. It follows that muscle cells which contain more mitochondria will have a higher oxidative capacity.  2, record 6, English, - oxidative%20capacity

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mesure de l'aptitude du muscle à utiliser l'oxygène.  2, record 6, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20oxydative

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme that functions in carbohydrate metabolism and especially in glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a second phosphate(as from ATP [adenosine triphosphate]) to fructose.  1, record 7, English, - phosphofructokinase

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De même que la grande variation d'énergie libre qui accompagne la phosphorylation du glucose par l'hexokinase fait que cet enzyme est susceptible de de régulation, la réaction catalysée par la phosphofructokinase est un important point de régulation. C'est d'ailleurs le plus important site de régulation de la glycolyse.  3, record 7, French, - phosphofructokinase

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The exergonic metabolic processes in living cells by which molecular oxygen is taken in, organic substances are oxidized, free energy is released, and carbon dioxide, water, and other oxidized products are given off by the cell.  3, record 8, English, - cellular%20respiration

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most efficient way for cells to harvest energy stored in food is through cellular respiration, a catabolic pathway for the production of adenosine triphosphate(ATP). ATP, a high energy molecule, is expended by working cells. Cellular respiration occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. There are three main stages of cellular respiration : glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport.  4, record 8, English, - cellular%20respiration

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La respiration cellulaire est une réaction de combustion, ayant lieu dans les mitochondries des cellules, qui permet de transformer le glucose en énergie qui sera utilisée par les cellules pour accomplir leurs diverses activités. On peut aussi dire qu'il s'agit de la réaction inverse de la photosynthèse.  2, record 8, French, - respiration%20cellulaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucleoside phosphate, other than adenosine, cytidine, guanosine or uridine, incorporated into tRNA molecules. These bases are important in establishing the unique spatial organization of the tRNA.  2, record 9, English, - rare%20base

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Base purique ou pyrimidique que l'on trouve uniquement dans certains acides nucléiques (notamment le tRNA) et en faibles quantités, d'où son nom. On en connaît une cinquantaine à l'heure actuelle.  2, record 9, French, - base%20rare

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A nucleoside comprising adenine linked to D-ribose through a [beta]-glycosidic bond. Phosphorylated forms (AMP, ADP and ATP) are the major compounds involved in energy transfer in biological systems.  2, record 10, English, - adenosine

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucléoside purique résultant de la condensation de l'adénine et du D-ribose. Ses esters monophosphorique (A.M.P.), diphosphorique (A.D.P.) et triphosphorique (A.T.P.) jouent un rôle essentiel dans le transport de l'énergie biochimique.  2, record 10, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucleósido de adenina.  2, record 10, Spanish, - adenosina

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP [adenosine triphosphate] to ADP [adenosine diphosphate].  3, record 11, English, - adenosine%20triphosphatase

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme catalysant une réaction d'hydrolyse de la liaison anhydrique unissant les phosphates bêta et gamma de l'ATP [adénosine triphosphate].  3, record 11, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphatase

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzima que cataliza la hidrólisis del ATP para dar ADP y fósforo inorgánico.  2, record 11, Spanish, - adenosina%20trifosfatasa

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cyclic nucleotide, that serves as an intracellular and, in some case, extracellular, "second messenger" mediating the action of many peptide or amine hormones.  1, record 12, English, - cyclic%20adenosine%20monophosphate

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Molécule d'adénosine monophosphate cyclisée grâce au groupe phosphate lié aux positions 3' et 5' du ribose. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  3, record 12, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20monophosphate%20cyclique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Le] rôle [de l'adénosine monophosphate cyclique] est particulièrement important dans la relaxation des muscles lisses vasculaires et bronchiques, la stimulation du rythme cardiaque, la stimulation de la fonction inotrope du cœur, la stimulation métabolique (glycogénolyse et lipolyse), la régulation des flux transépithéliaux d’eau et d’électrolytes, et dans la régulation de la transcription des gènes.  2, record 12, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20monophosphate%20cyclique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

adénosine monophosphate cyclique; AMP cyclique : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR.  4, record 12, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20monophosphate%20cyclique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A ribonucleotide.  3, record 13, English, - adenosine%205%26rsquo%3B%2Dmonophosphate

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mononucléotide constituée par l'association d'adénine et d'acide phosphorique, régulateur allostérique des principales voies métaboliques.  2, record 13, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%2D5%27%2Dmonophosphate

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A structural analog of ATP [adenosine triphosphate], and is required for the synthesis of uridine diphosphate sugars.  3, record 14, English, - uridine%20triphosphate

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ribonucléotide comportant une liaison phosphate riche en énergie (comme l'ATP [adénosine triphosphate]) qui est libérée dans certaines réactions.  2, record 14, French, - uridine%20triphosphate

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

EX : activation du glucose-1-phosphate en uridine diphosphate glucose avec libération de pyrophosphate au cours de la glucogénèse.  2, record 14, French, - uridine%20triphosphate

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A ribonucleoside 5’ diphosphate serving as phosphate-group acceptor in the energy cycle.  3, record 15, English, - adenosine%20diphosphate

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ATP is formed by attaching a third phosphate to adenosine diphosphate(ADP) with the elimination of water.  4, record 15, English, - adenosine%20diphosphate

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dinucléotide constitué par l'association d'adénosine et de deux molécules d'acide phosphorique.  3, record 15, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%2Ddiphosphate

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nucléotide purique comportant deux liaisons phosphoriques dont l'une est à haut potentiel énergétique. Elle est présente dans toutes les cellules où elle participe à de nombreuses réactions enzymatiques.  5, record 15, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%2Ddiphosphate

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 OBS

L'ATP se forme par addition d'un troisième phosphate à l'adénosine-diphosphate (ADP) et élimination d'une molécule d'eau.  1, record 15, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%2Ddiphosphate

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ribonucleósido 5'-difosfato que actúa como grupo aceptor de fosfato en el ciclo energético celular.  1, record 15, Spanish, - adenosina%20difosfato

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A ribonucleoside 5’-triphosphate functioning as a phosphate-group donor in the cell energy cycle.  4, record 16, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ATP functions as the major corner of chemical energy in the cells of all living species. ATP can transfer its energy to certain other biomolecules, and in doing so, its terminal phosphate group is detached; the energy-rich ATP molecule thus becomes the energy-depleted adenosine diphosphate(ASP).  4, record 16, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucléotide à trois molécules d'acide phosphorique.  2, record 16, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ATP contient une base azotée purique : l'adénine, et un sucre : le ribose. C'est un des corps les plus importants du métabolisme cellulaire. Il joue le rôle de transporteur d'énergie qui est accumulée au niveau des liaisons phosphates.  2, record 16, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucleótido trifosfato que se compone de [...] adenina y ribosa, como ß-D-ribofuranosa y tres grupos fosfato.  2, record 16, Spanish, - trifosfato%20de%20adenosina

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A precursor of adenosine triphosphate that is composed of adenine, deoxyribose and triphosphate.  2, record 17, English, - deoxyadenosine%20triphosphate

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Un précurseur de l'adénosine triphosphate qui est utilisé dans la synthèse d'ADN.  2, record 17, French, - d%C3%A9soxyad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... results suggest that the inhibitory effect of oxatomide on histamine release may be caused by a combination of(1) prevention of Ca uptake, which is highly selective toward mast cells;(2) inhibition of Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca store, and(3) elevation of the cAMP [cyclic adenosine monophosphate] content in mast cells.  2, record 18, English, - oxatomide

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formula: C₂₇H₃₀N₄O  3, record 18, English, - oxatomide

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'oxatomide inhibe la mobilisation du calcium intracellulaire. Le calcium est un des signaux indispensables à l'activation du mastocyte et au déclenchement de la réaction allergique. L'oxatomide inhibe les mécanismes secrétoires au niveau des mastocytes et des basophiles. Il inhibe la libération des médiateurs intragranulaires impliqués dans la phase précoce de l'allergie.  2, record 18, French, - oxatomide

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formule chimique : C₂₇H₃₀N₄O  3, record 18, French, - oxatomide

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pharmacologic effects of beta adrenergic agonist drugs, including Metaproterenol, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) to cyclic-3’, 5’-adenosine monophosphate(c-AMP).  3, record 19, English, - metaproterenol

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Active ingredient commonly sold under the name Alupent.  4, record 19, English, - metaproterenol

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₁₁H₁₇NO₃  4, record 19, English, - metaproterenol

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Médicaments contre l'emphysème [...] Parmi les bronchodilatateurs, les anticholinergiques tels que l’ipratropium (Atrovent) sont souvent privilégiés. Leur action s’étend sur six à huit heures et ils présentent peu d’effets indésirables. Viennent ensuite les stimulants des récepteurs B2 adrénergiques. Les plus connus sont l’albutérol (Proventil), le métaprotérénol (Alupent) et le salmétérol (Serevent).  3, record 19, French, - m%C3%A9taprot%C3%A9r%C3%A9nol

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Principe actif couramment commercialisé sous le nom d'Alupent.  4, record 19, French, - m%C3%A9taprot%C3%A9r%C3%A9nol

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Formule chimique : C₁₁H₁₇NO₃  4, record 19, French, - m%C3%A9taprot%C3%A9r%C3%A9nol

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The platelet release reaction can be measured as an assessment of specific platelet functional and metabolic defects, such as storage pool disorders. In general, the release reaction is measured by assaying the quantity of a platelet granule constituent, such as adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, or serotonin that is released after platelet stimulation with an agonist.  1, record 20, English, - platelet%20release%20reaction

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La sécrétion plaquettaire. Les plaquettes activées changent de forme, se contractent et, par un mécanisme actif, expulsent les granules contenant des éléments ayant une action agrégante : ADP [adénosine diphosphate], adrénaline, noradrénaline.  1, record 20, French, - s%C3%A9cr%C3%A9tion%20plaquettaire

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les granules vont provoquer l'activation d'autres plaquettes et l'agrégation plaquettaire.  1, record 20, French, - s%C3%A9cr%C3%A9tion%20plaquettaire

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The stiffening of a dead body, accompanying the depletion of adenosine triphosphate in the muscle fibers.  1, record 21, English, - cadaveric%20rigidity

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Durcissement des muscles striés et lisses après le décès, dû à la coagulation de la myosine.  2, record 21, French, - rigidit%C3%A9%20cadav%C3%A9rique

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mort physiologique, dite mort cadavérique. Puis va s'installer progressivement la mort physiologique avec le froid du cadavre et sa paleur caractéristique puis vient la paralysie et s'installe la rigidité cadavérique. Le cadavre se vide.  3, record 21, French, - rigidit%C3%A9%20cadav%C3%A9rique

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estado de contracción permanente de los músculos que les confiere una gran dureza e inflexibilidad quedando fijas las articulaciones lo que imposibilita su movilidad pasiva [...], aparece a las tres a seis horas después de la muerte suele ser completa a las ocho o diez horas y su intensidad máxima ocurre a las veinticuatro horas.  2, record 21, Spanish, - rigidez%20cadav%C3%A9rica

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A 260,000 M_r [relative molecular weight] protein complex containing the subunits coded for by the uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC genes of Escherichia coli.  1, record 22, English, - ABC%20excinuclease

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

UvrA is an adenosine triphosphatase and also brings into position UvrB, which after attaching to the DNA cuts it at the 3’ position, and that provides the opportunity for UvrC to incise at the 5’ position. UvrD, a helicase, releases the damaged oligomer along with UvrC. Following these events, DNA polymerase fills in the correct nucleotides.  1, record 22, English, - ABC%20excinuclease

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La ABC escinucleasa interviene en la reparación por corte de bases.  2, record 22, Spanish, - escinucleasa%20ABC

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ATP bioluminescence technology is based on the reaction of the enzyme complex luciferase-luciferin, in the presence of oxygen ans magnesium, with ATP released from microbial cells resulting in the production of light. The light emitted is proportional to the amount of ATP released.  3, record 23, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

ATP bioluminescence technology reports results in relative light units (RLUs), which indicate the general level of organix residue or soil on a given surface.  4, record 23, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ATP :adenosine triphosphate  1, record 23, English, - adenosine%20triphosphate%20bioluminescence%20technology

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Méthode permettant de détecter la présence de bactéries à partir de leur contenu en ATP (adénosine triphosphate) qui est déterminé par des réactions enzymatiques produisant de la lumière (bioluminescence).  1, record 23, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20bioluminescence

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ATP-métrie par luminescence: l'ATP, qui est une source d'énergie présente dans toutes les cellules vivantes produit de la lumière en présence du complexe enzymatique luciférine-luciférase, d'oxygène et de magnésium. La quantité de lumière engendrée dépend de la quantité d'ATP et donc de la biomasse.  3, record 23, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20triphosphate%2Dm%C3%A9trie%20bioluminescence

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A cytoplasmic protein involved in moving vesicles and particles along the microtubule plus end.  1, record 24, English, - kinesin

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Kinesin] assists segregation of chromosomes and transport of organelles(endosomes, Golgi complex, lysosomes, mitochondria, nerve axons) by using energy derived from ATP [adenosine triphosphate] hydrolysis.  1, record 24, English, - kinesin

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Protéine cytoplasmique qui joue un rôle dans le déplacement d'organites à l'intérieur de la cellule le long des microtubules.  1, record 24, French, - kin%C3%A9sine

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A group of proteins that] can move along microtubules and actin filaments or macromolecules by deriving energy from the hydrolysis of energy-rich phosphates such as ATP [adenosine triphosphate].  1, record 25, English, - motor%20protein

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Motor proteins mediate some of the processes involved in establishing body plans, such as left-right, dorsoventral, and anterior-posterior differentiation.  1, record 25, English, - motor%20protein

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les têtes de myosine (ou ponts d'union) comportent des sites de liaison à l'actine et à l'ATP [adénosine triphosphate]; ce sont les protéines motrices qui donnent leur énergie à la contraction musculaire.  1, record 25, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20motrice

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For example, one disease candidate for gene therapy is adenosine deaminase(ADA) deficiency which results in severe combined immunodeficiency disease(SCID). ADA deficient patients have little or no detectible enzyme in bone marrow cells. However, ADA deficiency has been cured by matched bone marrow transplantation. ADA normal cells have a selective advantage over ADA.  1, record 26, English, - adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les déficits immunitaires héréditaires sont considérés depuis longtemps comme un champ d'études privilégié de la thérapie génique. Ainsi le déficit en adénosine désaminase est la première maladie héréditaire à avoir fait l'objet d'un essai clinique de thérapie génique. Un bénéfice clinique n'a toutefois pas été observé. Plusieurs peuvent expliquer ces résultats décevants, notamment la perte au moins partielle de l'avantage sélectif escompté des cellules transduites du fait du traitement concomitant par PEG-ADA et les capacités limitées des vecteurs rétroviraux d'origine murine [...].  1, record 26, French, - d%C3%A9ficit%20en%20ad%C3%A9nosine%20d%C3%A9saminase

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We hope to elucidate the role of adenosine kinase(ADK) and that of the adenine salvage pathway in plant systems by isolating and characterizing ADK-deficient mutants from Arabidopsis thaliana. To achieve this goal, both a direct selection, previously employed for mammalian systems, and gene silencing are being used.  2, record 27, English, - adenosine%20kinase

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Treated with these two genomes, the packaging cell produces a crop of retroviruses with : the envelope protein needed to infect the human target cells; an RNA copy of the human ADA [adenosine deaminase] gene, complete with R sequences at each end; reverse transcriptase, needed to make a DNA copy of the ADA gene that can be inserted into the DNA of the target cell and none of the genes(gag, pol, env) that would enable the virus to replicate in its new host.  3, record 28, English, - packaging%20cell

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 2 CONT

To create the retroviral vectors that are used in gene therapy, the life-cycles of their naturally occurring counterparts are exploited. The transgene (in this case, the gene for factor IX) in a vector backbone is put into a packaging cell, which expresses the genes that are required for viral integration.  4, record 28, English, - packaging%20cell

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les différents modes de transfert sont : [...] Injection de cellules produisant le vecteur viral pour éviter son inactivation trop rapide par le complément. Ces cellules sont appelés cellules transcomplémentantes (ou cellules d'encapsidation).  3, record 28, French, - cellule%20d%27encapsidation

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit d'un type de cellules utilisées pour produire des virus non pathogènes en supprimant les gènes nécessaires à leur réplication et en les remplaçant par une séquence choisie et des éléments régulateurs.  4, record 28, French, - cellule%20d%27encapsidation

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

like adenosine triphosphate, can provide energy for biochemical reactions. The energy released by the dehydrogenation of alpha-ketoglutarate(2-oxoglutarate) in the tricarboxylic cycle flows into the GDP/GTP system, from which it can be transferred to the ADP/ATP system.  3, record 29, English, - guanosine%20triphosphate

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

GTP can also provide the phosphate group for the synthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate from oxaloacetate in the course of gluconeogenesis. GTP is an important energy source in protein biosynthesis.  3, record 29, English, - guanosine%20triphosphate

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

guanosine couplée à 3 molécules d'acide phosphorique. Précurseur de la synthèse d'ARN; intervient après l'ATP dans la synthèse des protéines.  3, record 29, French, - guanosine%20triphosphate

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme of the hydrolase class... that catalyses the reaction adenosine + H2O [yields] inosine + NH3.  1, record 30, English, - adenosine%20deaminase

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Some individuals with combined immunodeficiency syndrome are deficient in adenosine deaminase.  1, record 30, English, - adenosine%20deaminase

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme catalysant la désamination hydrolytique de l'adénosine en hypoxanthosine ou inosine.  1, record 30, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20d%C3%A9saminase

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette enzyme est responsable du déficit immunitaire combiné sévère. Son absence provoque une maladie héréditaire grave qui pourrait être bientôt guérie grâce à une thérapie génique.  4, record 30, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20d%C3%A9saminase

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzima que cataliza la conversión de adenosina a inosina.  1, record 30, Spanish, - adenosina%20desaminasa

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme found in the liver and muscle cell membranes, which catalyses the conversion of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) to cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) plus pyrophosphate, and is activated by many hormones.  2, record 31, English, - adenylcyclase

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme existant dans les membranes cellulaires, activant la formation de l'AMP3' 5'-cyclique à partir de l'ATP.  1, record 31, French, - ad%C3%A9nylcyclase

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzima encargada de catalizar la formación de AMP cíclico a partir de ATP.  1, record 31, Spanish, - adenilato%20ciclasa

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ribonucléotide dont la base est l'adénine.  1, record 32, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Elle peut être monophosphate, diphosphate ou triphosphate.  1, record 32, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Living cells capture, store, and transport energy in a chemical form, largely as adenosine triphosphate(ATP). ATP functions as the major carrier of chemical energy in the cells of all living species.... ATP is the major connecting link between two large networks or enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the cell. One of these networks... utilizes the energy of ATP... to carry out the osmotic work of membrane transport.  2, record 34, English, - membrane%20transport

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Transport à travers les membranes - La membrane plasmique des cellules agit à la façon d'une interface sélectivement perméable entre la cellule et son environnement et entre son cytosol et ses organites intracellulaires. Deux questions importantes se posent alors : comment les molécules traversent-elles la membrane pour entrer dans la cellule ou dans un organite et comment s'effectue la sélectivité? Trois mécanismes majeurs sont responsables de ces besoins : diffusion, transport actif et endocytose.  1, record 34, French, - transport%20%C3%A0%20travers%20les%20membranes

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is probable that if pertussis toxin molecules could reach the neurons of the brain in sufficient quantities they could abolish the inhibitory effect of the neurotransmitter adenosine.  3, record 35, English, - inhibitory%20effect

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La thérapie à base d'interférons a aussi des effets inhibiteurs empêchant ou modérant la multiplication virale, la synthèse d'anticorps, la croissance cellulaire.  2, record 35, French, - effet%20inhibiteur

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nucléotide purique comportant une seule liaison phosphorique.  2, record 36, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20monophosphate

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Elle est accepteur d'acide phosphorique et donne alors l'ADP.  2, record 36, French, - ad%C3%A9nosine%20monophosphate

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[A] reaction in photosynthesis in which light is absorbed, transferred between pigments, and used to generate the ATP [adenosine triphosphate] and reduced NADP [nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate] used in dark reactions for CO₂ fixation.  3, record 37, English, - light%20reaction

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Processus photochimique de la photosynthèse dans lequel une série de réactions stimulées par l'énergie lumineuse permettent la synthèse de l'ATP et transforment le NADP⁺ en NADPH.  2, record 37, French, - r%C3%A9action%20claire

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ATP est le sigle pour adénosine triphosphate, NADP pour nicotinamide adénine dinucléotide phosphate.  2, record 37, French, - r%C3%A9action%20claire

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

BLACKMAN en déduisit en 1905 que la photosynthèse comportait des réactions photosensibles et donc photochimiques (= réactions «claires»), et d'autre part des réactions indépendantes de la lumière, catalysées par des enzymes et donc dépendant de la température (= réactions «sombres»).  4, record 37, French, - r%C3%A9action%20claire

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La photosynthèse est un phénomène très complexe qui donne lieu à divers types de réactions chimiques. Les unes sont dites claires car elles dépendent directement de la lumière et assurent les transformations proprement photochimiques; les autres, dites obscures, précèdent ou prolongent ces transformations photochimiques vers des synthèses organiques, ou la reconstitution de molécules organiques servant aux transferts d'énergie.  5, record 37, French, - r%C3%A9action%20claire

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Iribhn is a pioneer in cloning and studying membrane receptors, the targets of over 70% of today's medicines. It has notably cloned receptors for adenosine and nociceptin and the thyrotropin receptor of the thyroid, further showing that mutations in the latter receptor can cause thyroid tumour.  1, record 39, English, - nociceptin

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Polypeptide présent dans le cerveau et responsable d'une hypersensibilité à la douleur.  2, record 39, French, - nociceptine

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En bloquant l'action de la nociceptine, il serait possible d'obtenir de nouveaux types d'analgésiques sans effets secondaires.  3, record 39, French, - nociceptine

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chirality about the trigonal axis. The quenchers are 6-coordinate Co(III) complexes with the general stoichiometric formula Co(NH3) 4(ndp) or Co(NH3) 4(ntp), where ndp denotes a diphosphate nucleotide ligand and ntp denotes a triphosphate nucleotide ligand. In these complexes the nucleotide ligand is coordinated to Co(III) via bidentate chelation in which the donor moieties are oxygen atoms from adjacent phosphate groups(beta, alpha in ndp and gamma, beta in ntp nucleotides). The nucleotides used as ligands in Ln in this study are the following :adenosine diphosphate and triphosphate(adp and atp), guanosine diphosphate and triphosphate(gdp and gtp), inosine diphosphate and triphosphate(idp and itp), cytidine triphosphate(ctp), uridine triphosphate(utp), and deoxythymidine triphosphate(ttp). The Co(NH3) 4(nucleotide) complexes have dissymmetric structures both within and external to the Co(NH3) 4(phosphate) coordination unit, but under the conditions employed in this study, they exist as mixtures of diastereomers that are quasi-racemic with respect to chirality within the Co(NH3) 4(phosphate) coordination units.  1, record 40, English, - diphosphate%20nucleotide

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ATP [adenosine triphosphate] is a chemical transmitter linking energy sources to energy-requiring cell processes.  1, record 41, English, - chemical%20transmitter

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'ATP [adénosine triphosphate] est l'intermédiaire chimique unissant les sources énergétiques aux transformation cellulaires nécessitant de l'énergie.  1, record 41, French, - interm%C3%A9diaire%20chimique

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adenosine triphosphate(ATP) is the major connecting link between two large networks of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the cell. One of these networks conserves chemical energy derived from the environment, largely by causing the phosphorylation of the energy-poor ADP [adenosine diphosphate] to the energy-rich ATP. The other network utilizes the energy of ATP to carry out the biosynthesis of cell components from simple precursors....  1, record 42, English, - connecting%20link

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'ATP [adénosine triphosphate] est le principal chaînon de connexion entre deux grands ensembles de réactions catalysées par des enzymes dans les cellules [...]  1, record 42, French, - cha%C3%AEnon%20de%20connexion

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

These common supraventricular arrhythmias, which typically occur in young to middle-aged patients, share electrophysiologic properties accessible to two different pharmacologic approaches : atrioventricular(AV) node blocking agents(adenosine, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers) or membrane-active drugs(type I or III antiarythmics).  1, record 43, English, - membrane%2Dactive%20drug

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On classe les effets pharmacologiques d'une substance selon différents critères. Suivant le lieu de l'action : action locale ou topique, action systémique, action sélective et action générale.  2, record 43, French, - m%C3%A9dicament%20%C3%A0%20action%20membranaire

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Combined immunodeficiency secondary to enzyme deficiency. Two enzyme deficiency disorders have been found to cause severe combined immunodeficiency. These enzymes are necessary for the metabolism of purines :adenosine deaminase(ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase(PNP). The enzyme deficiency is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. Deficiency of ADA or PNP leads to intracellular accumulation of deoxy-adenosine or deoxyguanine, respectively, resulting in inhibition of lymphocyte function.  1, record 44, English, - combined%20immunodeficiency%20secondary%20to%20ADA%20enzyme%20deficiency

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) le déficit immunitaire combiné sévère associé à un déficit en adénosine désaminase (ADA). L'affection est transmise de façon autosomique récessive (le gène de l'ADA est situé sur le chromosome 20). Elle est souvent associée à certaines anomalies du squelette.  1, record 44, French, - d%C3%A9ficit%20immunitaire%20combin%C3%A9%20s%C3%A9v%C3%A8re%20associ%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20un%20d%C3%A9ficit%20en%20ad%C3%A9nosine%20d%C3%A9saminase

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Combined immunodeficiency secondary to enzyme deficiency. Two enzyme deficiency disorders have been found to cause severe combined immunodeficiency. These enzymes are necessary for the metabolism of purines :adenosine deaminase(ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase(PNP). The enzyme deficiency is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. Deficiency of ADA or PNP leads to intracellular accumulation of deoxy-adenosine or deoxyguanine, respectively, resulting in inhibition of lymphocyte function.  1, record 45, English, - combined%20immunodeficiency%20secondary%20to%20enzyme%20deficiency

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Déficit enzymatique qui touche (...) le métabolisme des purines (et qui) est responsable d'un défaut prédominant de l'immunité cellulaire. Les premiers signes infectieux apparaissent tardivement après l'âge d'un an.  1, record 45, French, - d%C3%A9ficit%20en%20purine%20nucl%C3%A9oside%20phosphorylase

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Direction du service des laboratoires judiciaires, Gendarmerie royale du Canada.  2, record 46, French, - A%20Further%20Study%20and%20Pedigree%20of%20the%20Adenosine%20Deaminase%20%28ADA%29%20%C2%AB4%2D1%C2%BB%20Phenotype%20in%20Man

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pigs pretreated with diltiazem; tissue levels of adenosine triphosphate and nicotinamide adenine diphosphate measured at the end of occlusion where higher than control values.  1, record 47, English, - nicotinamide%20adenine%20diphosphate

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

(...) la cellule se nourrit d'aminoacides, d'acides gras et de sucres. [Elle] les utilise pour reconstituer des macromolécules après divers processus d'activation, qui nécessitent l'intervention de composés riches en énergie (Adénosine triphosphate ou ATP) et de substances réductrices (comme la nicotinamide adénine diphosphate ou NADPH) produits à l'occasion de la dégradation de nutriments en anhydride carbonique (CO2) et en eau (H20).  1, record 47, French, - nicotinamide%20ad%C3%A9nine%20diphosphate

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP to AMP and two molecules of orthophosphate. Such activity may often be due to the consecutive action of two other enzymes, such as adenosine.  1, record 48, English, - apyrase

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme caractérisant l'hydrolyse successive des deux radicaux phosphoryles terminaux de l'acide adénosinetriphosphorique.  1, record 48, French, - apyrase

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An amino acid that has been esterified through its carboxyl group to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the terminal adenosine at the 3’-end of a transfer RNA molecule; aminoacyl-tRNA is the form in which an amino acid is transported to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.  1, record 49, English, - aminoacyl%2DtRNA

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

C'est à partir des aminoacyl-tRNA que les aminoacides vont être incorporés dans les protéines.  3, record 49, French, - aminoacyl%2DARNt

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish