TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An insect (order Coleoptera) of the family Carabidae.  2, record 1, English, - analogous%20riverbank%20ground%20beetle

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Insecte (ordre des coléoptères) de la famille des Carabidae.  2, record 1, French, - tr%C3%A8que%20analogue

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The interest of a ground based Slit Aperture Telescope(SAT) which operates with a long thin pupil has been underlined for applications in the field of high angular resolution observations by speckle-interferometric techniques. The SAT lies halfway between the Michelson stellar interferometer and the standard telescope with circular aperture. The authors present the principle of an image processing algorithm which could be used associated with a space-SAT for astronomical image reconstruction. A full coverage of the two dimensional Fourier plane of the astronomical object can be obtained by rotating the SAT around its optical axis. The method of image reconstruction is analogous to those used in computerized tomography and uses Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. The interest of the use of a rotating space-SAT among synthetic apertures is its capability of giving a reconstructed image of the astronomical object simultaneously in several light wavelengths, each colored image being comparable with the others for fruitful astrophysical applications.  3, record 2, English, - slit%20aperture%20telescope

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le télescope à pupille fente fournit des images unidimensionnelles et opère en synthèse d'ouverture. En l'absence de turbulence atmosphérique, l'image focale fournie par un télescope à pupille fente est quasiment une projection unidimensionnelle de l'objet observé. Après une rotation complète autour de son axe optique, on obtient un ensemble de projections de l'objet observé qui n'est autre que la transformée de Radon de l'objet.  1, record 2, French, - t%C3%A9lescope%20%C3%A0%20pupille%20fente

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the flux of heat from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere that is not associated with phase changes of water; a component of the surface energy budget.  1, record 3, English, - sensible%20heat%20flux

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated in a manner analogous to the momentum fluxes, but are complicated by the need to partition these fluxes into ground and vegetation components.... The required input surface fluxes are... the absorbed solar flux, the net upwards longwave flux, the sensible heat flux from surface to atmosphere, the latent heat flux from surface to atmosphere, and the snow precipitation rate respectively.  3, record 3, English, - sensible%20heat%20flux

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

sensible heat: The heat absorbed or transmitted by a substance during a change of temperature which is not accompanied by a change of state.  5, record 3, English, - sensible%20heat%20flux

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le flux de chaleur sensible (H) correspond au transfert de chaleur par convection [(de l'air chaud qui monte, de l'air froid qui descend)] entre la surface et l'air.  4, record 3, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20sensible

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le flux de chaleur sensible entre la surface terrestre et l'atmosphère correspond à la quantité de chaleur échangée par conduction.  3, record 3, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20sensible

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Les flux énergétiques (en watts par mètre carré, moyennés sur le globe) et leurs transformations. Il faut aussi tenir compte des flux non radiatifs d'énergie. Le flux de chaleur latente [...] de la surface vers l'atmosphère) [...] Moins important mais non négligeable, le flux de chaleur sensible (20 Wm^-2) [...]  5, record 3, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20sensible

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chaleur sensible : Chaleur absorbée ou transmise par une substance au cours d'un changement de température qui ne s'accompagne pas d'un changement d'état.  6, record 3, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20sensible

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... flux of heat from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere that is associated with evaporation or condensation of water vapor at the surface; a component of the surface energy budget  5, record 4, English, - latent%20heat%20flux

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated in a manner analogous to the momentum fluxes, but are complicated by the need to partition these fluxes into ground and vegetation components.... The required input surface fluxes are... the absorbed solar flux, the net upwards longwave flux, the sensible heat flux from surface to atmosphere, the latent heat flux from surface to atmosphere, and the snow precipitation rate respectively.  3, record 4, English, - latent%20heat%20flux

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

latent heat: Amount of energy released or absorbed during a change of state of a substance. In meteorology, the important changes are those of water substance, energy being released to the surrounding air in the changes from vapour to liquid to solid and absorbed from the air during changes in the opposite sense.  6, record 4, English, - latent%20heat%20flux

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Flux de chaleur latente : On appelle chaleur latente l'énergie échangée lors d'un changement de phase d'un corps pur. Dans le système climatique, il s'agit toujours des changements d'états de l'eau. Il faut distinguer les 2 étapes suivantes : Évaporation à la surface des océans. Ce processus refroidit la surface océaniques et introduit de la vapeur d'eau dans l'atmosphère. Condensation dans les nuages. Lors de la convection, la pression partielle de la vapeur d'eau atteint progressivement la valeur de la pression de vapeur saturante. Il y a alors condensation en eau liquide et libération de chaleur qui réchauffe l'atmosphère. Le flux de chaleur latente entre la surface et l'atmosphère est donc associé à la quantité de vapeur d'eau introduite dans l'atmosphère. La chaleur ne sera libérée qu'ultérieurement lors de la condensation. D'où l'appellation de chaleur latente (qui se manifeste plus tard).  1, record 4, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20latente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les flux énergétiques (en watts par mètre carré, moyennés sur le globe) et leurs transformations. Il faut aussi tenir compte des flux non radiatifs d'énergie. Le flux de chaleur latente (LE = 85 Wm^-2 de la surface vers l'atmosphère) correspond à l'évaporation E de l'eau à la surface du globe, et sa condensation dans l'atmosphère (essentiellement dans les nuages). Exprimé en termes énergétiques, ce flux est bien plus faible que les flux de rayonnement, mais l'eau de l'atmosphère joue un rôle central, à la fois pour l'effet parasol (de par les nuages) et pour l'effet de serre; et aussi, bien sûr, pour les précipitations (P=E).  2, record 4, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20latente

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chaleur latente : Quantité d'énergie libérée ou absorbée par un corps qui change d'état. En météorologie, les changements importants concernent l'eau, de l'énergie étant fournie à l'air ambiant dans la transformation de vapeur à liquide, puis à solide, et prise à l'air ambiant dans les transformations en sens inverse.  3, record 4, French, - flux%20de%20chaleur%20latente

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Streaks or wisps of precipitation, such as water or ice particles, that fall from clouds but evaporate before reaching the ground.  6, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Virga is frequently seen trailing from altocumulus and altostratus clouds, but also is discernible below the bases of high-level cumuliform clouds from which precipitation is falling into a dry subcloud layer. It typically exhibits a hooked form in which the streaks descend nearly vertically just under the precipitation source but appear to be almost horizontal at their lower extremities. Such curvature of virga can be produced simply by effects of strong vertical wind shear, but ordinarily it results from the fact that droplet or crystal evaporation decreases the particle terminal fall velocity near the ends of the streaks. Under some conditions, virga are associated with dry microbursts, which are formed as a product of the evaporation.  7, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

They are actually altocumulus clouds from which precipitation is falling. Such trails of water droplets or ice particles are called virgae (or sometimes fallstreaks) and, by definition, do not reach the ground.  8, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

virga. From a distance, the event sometimes may be mistaken for a funnel cloud or tornado.  6, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 OBS

virga. This supplementary feature occurs mostly with Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus and Cumulonimbus.  9, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 3 OBS

In the consulted sources, plural of "virga" is "virga" or "virgae".  10, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 4 OBS

Some authors consider "fall streaks" and "fallstreaks" as synonyms of "virga". Compare "fall streaks".  10, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Fall streaks are the wisps that can sometimes be seen falling below high, thin cirrus clouds. They are ice crystals that fall out of the cloud but evaporate as they fall into drier air below. Fall streaks are analogous to another phenomenon known as "virga, "which is rain falling from lower clouds and evaporating before it reaches the ground.  11, record 5, English, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Virga of altocumulus, cirrocumulus, rain, snow.  10, record 5, English, - virga

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Traînées de précipitations [pluie, neige ou cristaux de glace], verticales ou obliques, attenantes à la base d'un nuage et n'atteignant pas la surface terrestre.  4, record 5, French, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tant que les gouttelettes, ou les cristaux de glace sont petits, ils restent dans le nuage. Mais leur coalescence conduit à leur chute sous l'effet de la pesanteur. Parfois la précipitation n'atteint pas le sol, l'eau s'évapore en altitude et sous le nuage se distingue une sorte de frange appelée virga.  5, record 5, French, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Altocumulus castellanus. Des filaments de neige en chute apparaissent sous la base de ces nuages, mais la précipitation (appelée virga) n'atteint pas le sol puisqu'elle s'évapore avant. Le virga est composé de cristaux de glace et de flocons de neige.  6, record 5, French, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette particularité supplémentaire se présente, le plus souvent, avec les Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus et Cumulonimbus.  4, record 5, French, - virga

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Estelas de precipitación, verticales u oblicuas, unidas a la superficie inferior de una nube, que no llegan a la superficie de la Tierra.  2, record 5, Spanish, - virga

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Esta particularidad suplementaria se observa principalmente en los Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus, Nimbostratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus y Cumulonimbus.  2, record 5, Spanish, - virga

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

fall streaks : ... falling ice crystals that evaporate before reaching the ground.  3, record 6, English, - fall%20streak

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fall streaks form when snowflakes and ice crystals fall from cirrus clouds. The change in wind with height and how quickly these ice crystals fall determine the shapes and sizes the fall streaks attain. Since ice crystals fall much more slowly than raindrops, fall streaks tend to be stretched out horizontally as well as vertically. Cirrus streaks may be nearly straight, shaped like a comma, or seemingly all tangled together. Similar to fall streaks is virga, which appears as streamers suspended in the air beneath the base of precipitating clouds.  4, record 6, English, - fall%20streak

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A Fall streaks are the wisps that can sometimes be seen falling below high, thin cirrus clouds. They are ice crystals that fall out of the cloud but evaporate as they fall into drier air below. Fall streaks are analogous to another phenomenon known as "virga, "which is rain falling from lower clouds and evaporating before it reaches the ground.  5, record 6, English, - fall%20streak

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fallstreak; fall streak: terms usually used in the plural (fallstreaks; fall streaks).  6, record 6, English, - fall%20streak

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cirrus (Ci). Traînées filamenteuses de délicats nuages blancs formés de cristaux de glace et qui ressortent sur le bleu du ciel. Ils peuvent avoir de nombreuses formes : celles de flocons isolés, de panaches en forme de plumes ou de traînées de cristaux de glace en chute dans la direction des vents. [...] Le cirrus est un nuage générateur de précipitations, mais celles-ci s'évaporent avant d'atteindre le sol.  2, record 6, French, - tra%C3%AEn%C3%A9e%20de%20cristaux%20de%20glace

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

traînée de cristaux de glace : terme fréquemment utilisé au pluriel (traînées de cristaux de glace).  3, record 6, French, - tra%C3%AEn%C3%A9e%20de%20cristaux%20de%20glace

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The unique "beam hopping" antenna system provides an uplink from ground stations and a downlink back to earth with five times the bandwidth available at lower frequencies. Beam hopping is similar to a flashlight focused on a small area of earth while broadcast frequencies are analogous to sunlight.  2, record 7, English, - beam%20hopping

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Opération 4 : «antennes et circuits reconfigurables» (antennes reconfigurables, agilité en fréquence, multibande/multifonctions, commutation de polarisation, commutation de faisceau, agilité et formation électronique de faisceau).  2, record 7, French, - commutation%20de%20faisceau

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source(s) : McKinney c. University of Guelph, [1990] 3 RCS 229; p. 390  1, record 8, French, - motifs%20analogues

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The laser(or lidar) velocimeter [lidar=light radar] operates in a fashion entirely analogous to that of the airborne Doppler weather radars likely soon to be available for detecting turbulence in storm cells. As with radars, the device detects air movements by observing the motion of particles suspended in the air and carried with it. The only significant difference is that a beam of coherent infrared radiation is used to scan ahead of the aircraft, instead of a beam(or series of pulses) of radio energy in the considerably longer-wavelength microwave band. The frequency of the back-scattered echoes or reflections undergoes Doppler shift detection by standard heterodyning techniques, which involve comparing the frequency of the reflected illumination with that of the original laser beam. Any reflecting object or material which has motion relative to the transmitter/receiver will cause a detectable shift in frequency, which can be isolated from the transmitter's own proper motion(over the ground) and thus yield a precise indication of the speed at which the air is moving several hundred metres in front of the aircraft. From this data, it is easy to compute what the air speed of the aircraft will be when it reaches that particular patch of air in a few seconds’ time [and hence detect possible turbulence ahead].  2, record 9, English, - laser%20velocimeter

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le principe de fonctionnement du vélocimètre à laser (ou lidar) est exactement le même que celui des radars météorologiques Doppler de bord, qui doivent être mis en service prochainement pour la détection des turbulences dans les systèmes d'orages.  1, record 9, French, - v%C3%A9locim%C3%A8tre%20%C3%A0%20laser

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish