TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Layer of the ionosphere exhibiting one or several maxima of electron density, at about 110 km.  6, record 1, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ionosphere is usually divided into two main layers : a lower layer, designated the E layer(sometimes called the Heaviside layer or Kennelly-Heaviside layer), which is between about 80 and 113 km(about 50 and 70 mi) above the Earth's surface and which reflects radio waves of low frequency; and a higher layer, the F layer(sometimes called the Appleton layer), which reflects higher-frequency radio waves.  7, record 1, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The E layer exists in between the F and D layers, and forms only during daylight. Some radio refraction occurs in the E-layer at very high frequencies (VHF). This phenomenon is called Sporadic-E, because of its sporadic nature.  8, record 1, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The Kennely-Heaviside Layer... or Heaviside Layer. ... is a layer of ionised gas occurring at 90-150 km in altitude ... It reflects medium-frequency radio waves, and because of this reflection radio waves can be propagated beyond the horizon. Propagation is affected by time of day, season, and sunspot activity. Its existence was announced in 1902 independently and almost simultaneously by the American electrical engineer Arthur Edwin Kennely? (1861-1949) and the British physicist Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925).  9, record 1, English, - E%20layer

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Heaviside layer: term officially approved by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  10, record 1, English, - E%20layer

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche de l'ionosphère présentant un ou plusieurs maximums de densité électronique, située vers 110 km.  7, record 1, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En 1902, l'ingénieur électricien américain Arthur Edwin Kennelly et le physicien britannique Oliver Heaviside (de façon indépendante et presque simultanément) annoncèrent l'existence probable d'une couche de gaz ionisés à haute altitude dans l'atmosphère, affectant la propagation des ondes radioélectriques. Cette couche, autrefois nommée couche de Heaviside, ou de Kennelly-Heaviside, est l'une des nombreuses couches constituant l'ionosphère. Bien que l'ionosphère soit transparente aux longueurs d'onde radio les plus courtes, elle réfracte ou réfléchit les longueurs d'onde plus importantes. Du fait de cette réflexion, les ondes radioélectriques peuvent se propager bien au-delà de l'horizon.  4, record 1, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[...] le prochain niveau d'ionisation est appelé couche E. [...] Du fait que les électrons et les ions se recombinent assez rapidement ici, le niveau d'ionisation chute rapidement après le coucher du soleil. Bien qu'une petite quantité d'ionisation résiduelle persiste, la couche E disparaît pratiquement la nuit.  8, record 1, French, - couche%20E

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

couche de Heaviside : terme uniformisé par l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (OACI).  9, record 1, French, - couche%20E

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capa de la ionosfera, situada a unos 110 km de altitud, con uno o varios máximos de densidad de electrones.  3, record 1, Spanish, - capa%20E

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

capa de Heaviside: término aceptado oficialmente por la Organización de Aviación Civil Internacional (OACI).  4, record 1, Spanish, - capa%20E

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

That part of the ionosphere in which the E layer tends to form.  3, record 2, English, - E%20region

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The E region is between 90 and 160 kilometres high and the F region(sometimes called the Appleton layer) is from 160 kilometres up to about 400 kilometres. The lower part of the ionosphere(E region) is sometimes called the Heaviside-Kennelly layer.  4, record 2, English, - E%20region

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Région de l'ionosphère dans laquelle la couche E tend à se former.  3, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9gion%20E

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Parte de la ionosfera en que tiende a formarse la capa E.  1, record 2, Spanish, - regi%C3%B3n%20E

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Layer of the ionosphere at a height of about 300 km, now usually called the F₂ layer.  2, record 3, English, - Appleton%20layer

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Couche de l'ionosphère à une altitude d'environ 300 km, maintenant appelée couche F₂.  2, record 3, French, - couche%20d%27Appleton

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capa de la ionosfera situada a una altura de unos 300 Km y que ahora se denomina capa F₂.  2, record 3, Spanish, - zona%20Appleton