TERMIUM Plus®

The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.

B P [100 records]

Filter results by subject field Alphabetical list of terms

Filter results by subject field

Alphabetical list of terms

Record 1 2024-05-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Software
DEF

The process by which user needs are translated into software requirements, software requirements are transformed into design, the design is implemented in code, and the code is tested, documented, and certified for operational use.

CONT

Software building tools.

CONT

Object-oriented software construction(by B. Meyer, Prentice Hall, 1988, 534 p.)

OBS

software development process: term and definition standardized by the nstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Logiciels
DEF

Processus suivant lequel les besoins de l'utilisateur sont traduits sous forme de configuration logicielle, celle-ci est incorporée dans la conception et la conception est mise en œuvre sous forme de code; celui-ci, enfin, est testé, documenté et certifié pour l'exploitation.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Soporte lógico (Software)
DEF

Ciclo o método sistemático usado para desarrollar la programática para un sistema.

CONT

Un proceso de desarrollo típico incluye: (a) el planteamiento del problema; (b) el diseño de los algoritmos; (c) la construcción de diagramas de flujo; (d) la codificación del programa; (e) la preparación del código fuente; (f) la traducción a código objeto y si se requiere, la liga con otros módulos o subprogramas; (g) la carga del código ejecutable generado; (h) la verificación y la depuración; (i) la documentación.

Save record 1

Record 2 2024-05-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Learning from Observation : Conceptual Clustering.... The algorithm stops when the termination criterion is satisfied. The termination criterion is a pair of parameters(b, p), where b(the base) is a standard number of iterations the algorithm always performs, and p(the probe) is the number of additional iterations beyond b performed after each iteration which produced an improved cover.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle
DEF

Condition permettant l'aboutissement d'un raisonnement ou l'arrêt de celui-ci en l'absence d'une solution.

DEF

Procédure que le mécanisme d'exploitation (algorithme) lance à la fin de chaque cycle de contrôle pour savoir si la résolution du problème posé est ou non achevée.

CONT

Remarquons que le nombre d'étapes pour tester une solution n'est pas borné a priori, et qu'aucune condition de terminaison n'est exigée si on soumet au test une fausse solution.

CONT

Le regroupement conceptuel. [...] Le critère de terminaison est également un paramètre de la forme (b,p), où b représente un nombre minimum d'itérations du pas de base à effectuer et p représente un nombre maximum d'itérations que l'on désire poursuivre au-delà de b si la qualité de la partition générée continue à s'améliorer.

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2023-04-24

English

Subject field(s)
  • Collaboration with the FAO
  • Commercial Fishing
OBS

For a fish stock, relates to the birth, growth and death rates of a stock. A highly productive stock is characterized by high birth, growth and mortality rates, and as a consequence, a high turnover and production to biomass ratios(P/B). Such stocks can usually sustain higher exploitation rates and, if depleted, could recover more rapidly than comparatively less productive stocks.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Collaboration avec la FAO
  • Pêche commerciale
DEF

Capacité ou potentiel de production organique d'un milieu ou d'un stock déterminé.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Colaboración con la FAO
  • Pesca comercial
Save record 3

Record 4 2021-09-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Optics
  • Computer Graphics
  • Photography
CONT

The sensitivity vector concept can be better understood by means of a useful scheme called the [holodiagram]. It consists in drawing the loci of points showing the constant sum of the distances between a generic point P and two other points, figuring a light source A and an observation point B.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Optique
  • Infographie
  • Photographie

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2021-01-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Seafood and Freshwater Food (Food Industries)
  • Commercial Fishing
  • Special-Language Phraseology
OBS

Referring to small fish pieces such as cod or haddock.

OBS

bits: designation rarely used in the singular.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Produits de mer et d'eau douce (Industr. alim.)
  • Pêche commerciale
  • Phraséologie des langues de spécialité
OBS

Des petits morceaux de poisson tel que la morue ou l'aiglefin.

OBS

morceaux; bits : désignations inusitées au singulier.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Productos del mar y de agua dulce (Ind. alimentaria)
  • Pesca comercial
  • Fraseología de los lenguajes especializados
OBS

En plural.

Save record 5

Record 6 2016-09-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mathematics
OBS

In the plane, fix a point P and a circle, then consider the intersections A and B of an arbitrary line passing through P with the circle. The product PA x PB is called the power of P with respect to the circle.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Mathématiques
CONT

On définit par puissance d'un point P intérieur à un cercle le produit PA x PB, A et B étant les points d'intersection, avec le cercle, d'une sécante passant par P.

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2016-02-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Botany
Universal entry(ies)
Armoracia rusticana
Latin, see observation
Armoracia lapathifolia
Latin, see observation
DEF

A plant (Armoracia lapathifolia) of the crucifer family, grown for its pungent, white, fleshy root.

OBS

Armoracia rusticana P. Gaertn. B. Mey. & Scherb.

OBS

Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.

OBS

The more commonly used scientific name seems to be "Armoracia rusticana."

OBS

horseradish: preferred common name in the Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds (2003).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Botanique
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
Armoracia rusticana
Latin, see observation
Armoracia lapathifolia
Latin, see observation
DEF

Plante vivace (crucifères), cultivée pour sa racine à goût de moutarde.

OBS

Armoracia rusticana P. Gaertn. B. Mey. & Scherb.; Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib.

OBS

Le nom scientifique le plus utilisé semble être «Armoracia rusticana».

OBS

raifort : nom à privilégier selon l'Inventaire des mauvaises herbes du Canada (2003)

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2016-02-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • Recruiting of Personnel
  • Public Service
DEF

The coded representation of levels of proficiency in the second language(A, B, C, R and P) of bilingual positions; each language skill(reading, writing, listening and speaking) is assigned a particular level of proficiency.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Recrutement du personnel
  • Fonction publique
DEF

Dans l'administration publique fédérale, représentation codée des niveaux de compétence en langue seconde pour chacune des habilités reconnues (compréhension de l'écrit, expression écrite, interaction orale) participant à la définition des exigences linguistiques d'un poste.

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 2016-01-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
  • Law of Contracts (common law)
OBS

Offers which cross, e. g., in the post. Example : A and B discuss the sale and purchase of A's motor car; A then writes to B offering to sell the car for 12, 000 pounds, and, simultaneously, B writes to A offering to buy it for 12, 000 pounds.(Curzon, 1979, p. 259)

OBS

cross-offers: term used in the plural.

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
  • Droit des contrats (common law)
OBS

offres croisées : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

OBS

offres croisées : terme utilisé au pluriel.

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 - external organization data 2014-08-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
16.03.03 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

mean value of the information content of the events in a finite set of mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive events, that is in mathematical notation H(X) = [...] p(xi)l(xi) = [...] p(xi)log 1/p(xi) where X = {x1 ... xn} is the set of events xi (i = 1 ... n), l(xi) are the information contents of the events xi, and p(xi), the probabilities of the occurrences of these events, subject to [...] p(xi) = 1

OBS

Example : Let X={a, b, c} be a set of three events and let p(a)=0, 5, p(b)=0, 25 and p(c)=0, 25 be the probabilities of their occurrences. The entropy of this set is H(X)=p(a) l(a) + p(b) l(b) + p(c) l(c)=1, 5 Sh

OBS

entropy; average information content; negentropy: terms and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
16.03.03 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

espérance mathématique de la quantité d'information des événements d'un ensemble exhaustif d'événements s'excluant mutuellement, soit mathématiquement H(X) = [...] p(xi)l(xi) = [...] p(xi)log 1/p(xi) où X = {x1 ... xn} est l'ensemble des événements xi (i = 1 ... n), l(xi) sont les quantités d'information de ces événements et p(xi) leurs probabilités de réalisation, avec [...] p(xi) = 1

OBS

Exemple : Soit X = {a,b,c) un jeu de trois événements et p(a) = 0,5, p(b) = 0,25 et p(c) = 0,25 leurs probabilités de réalisation. L'entropie de ce jeu est H(X) = p(a) l(a) + p(b) l(b) + p(c) l(c) = 1,5 Sh

OBS

entropie; néguentropie : termes et définition normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 2014-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

If A leased land in 1970 to B for 20 years and in 1980 B... granted to D a term of nine years, or even 10 years less one day, D would take a sub-lease. In that case D would hold of B, who would continue to hold of A, although only D would be entitled to present possession of the land. In such circumstances A, if he owns the fee simple, is said to hold the "freehold reversion" while B holds a "leasehold reversion, "although it is, in this case, only of one day's duration. [Yates and Hawkins, p. 26].

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

réversion de propriétaire franc : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 2014-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Problems of classification. The distinction between general and special powers is, however, as has been pointed out, now demonstrably inadequate in the light of judicial recognition of a number of limited or "hybrid" powers such as...(b) a consent power... ["Williams, Mortimer & Sunnucks on Executors, Administrators and Probate, "1982, p. 551].

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

Forme elliptique de «consent power of appointment».

OBS

L'équivalent «attribution» s'emploie à l'égard de biens. Les équivalents «désignation» et «institution» s'emploient à l'égard de personnes (les bénéficiaires).

OBS

pouvoir assujetti à consentement; pouvoir de désignation assujetti à consentement; pouvoir d'attribution assujetti à consentement : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 2014-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

A leaf of a book or manuscript. A page number. In the ancient law books it was the custom to number the leaves, instead of the pages; hence a folio would include both sides of the leaf, or two pages. The references to these books are made by the number of the folio, the letters "a" and "b" being added to show which of the two pages is intended.(Black's, 6th ed., 1990, p. 643)

OBS

In the Torrens system the individual leaf of the register is usually referred to as a "folium" or "folio." "Folium" is the latin for leaf; it is not a word to be found in an ordinary English dictionary and there would appear to be no good reason for resorting to latin. [Simpson, p. 305].

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

feuillet; folio : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 2014-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Law of Estates (common law)
  • PAJLO
DEF

A grant of representation is an Order of the Court which confirms or confers the authority of the personal representatives to administer the estate of the deceased, and which indicates the terms on which the estate is to be administered. [Mellows, p. 215].

OBS

There are several types of grant... but they fall into three broad categories : a) Probate... b) Administration with will annexed... c) Administration. [Mellows, "The Law of Succession, "4th ed., 1983, p. 215].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit successoral (common law)
  • PAJLO
OBS

grant : terme générique, employé seul (et non dans la construction «grant of...», ni en tant que membres d'un «terme complexe») pour désigner collectivement ou indifféremment les «letters probate» - ou «probate» - les «letters of administration» et les «letters of administration with the will annexed». Quand le substantif «grant» est employé seul pour désigner spécifiquement soit l'une des trois catégories de «letters» mentionnées ci-dessus, soit une de leurs espèces (par ex. «letters of administration ad litem»), c'est-à-dire comme contraction de «grant of letters (of administration «ad litem»)», etc., il sera rendu par l'équivalent qui a été normalisé pour cette catégorie ou cette espèce (ou seulement «lettres»).

OBS

lettres successorales : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

OBS

lettres successorales : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel.

Key term(s)
  • lettre successorale

Spanish

Save record 14

Record 15 2013-09-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
CONT

Some English and American commentators have defined hearsay evidence narrowly to include only evidence of a declarant's words or non-verbal conduct(a) which the declarant intended as an assertions of a particular matter, and(b) which the proponent of the evidence offers as proof of that matter.(Schiff, Evidence in the Litigation Process, 1978, p. 281)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

comportement non verbal : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 15

Record 16 2013-09-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
OBS

If the witness is not testifying as an expert, his testimony in the form of opinion or inferences is limited to those opinions or inferences which are(a) rationally based on the perception of the witness and(b) helpful to a clear understanding of his testimony or the determination of a fact in issue.(Black's, p. 985)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

preuve d'opinion de profane; témoignage d'opinion de profane : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 16

Record 17 2013-08-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds
Universal entry(ies)
(C2H4O)x.C12H26O
formula, see observation
9002-92-0
CAS number
OBS

alpha-dodecyl-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethane-1,2-diyl): form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).

OBS

ethoxylated lauryl alcohol: commercial name.

OBS

alpha; omega: These words must be italicized or replaced by the corresponding Greek letters.

OBS

Also known under a large number of trade names, among which : Aldosperse L 9; Atlas G-2133; Base LP 12; BL 9; BRIF 23; Chimipal AE 3; Cimagel; Dehydol LS 4; DEPEG; Emal 108; Emulgen 100; Ethal LA-X; Ethosperse LA-4; Lanettes; Laureth; Lauromacrogol; Lipocol L-4; Lubrol PX; Marlipal 1217; Mergital LM 11; Newcol 1203; Nikkol BL; Nissan Nonion K 220; Noigen 160; Noniolite AL 20; Pegnol L 12; Polidocanol; Rokanol L; Romopal LN; Simulol 330 M; Simulsol P 4; Siponic L 3; Slovasol S; Standamul LA 2; Teric 12A; Texofor B 9; Thesat; Thesit; Trycol LAL 12; Value 2205; YX 500.

OBS

Chemical formula: (C2H4O)x.C12H26O

French

Domaine(s)
  • Éléments et composés chimiques
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
(C2H4O)x.C12H26O
formula, see observation
9002-92-0
CAS number
OBS

alpha-dodécyl-oméga-hydroxypoly(oxyéthane-1,2-diyl) : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).

OBS

alcool laurylique éthoxylé : nom commercial.

OBS

alpha; oméga : Ces mots s'écrivent en italique ou doivent être remplacés par la lettre grecque correspondante.

OBS

Formule chimique : (C2H4O)x.C12H26O

Spanish

Save record 17

Record 18 2013-08-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
CONT

A. may be under a duty to inform B..., B. may be under a duty to record such information and pass it on... to C., and so on... Subject to exceptions designed to cover cases such as those which have just been mentioned, the unreliability of hearsay upon hearsay was thought... to justify the continued prohibition of its reception.(Cross, p. 481).

CONT

Multiple hearsay would include double hearsay and instances where the chain of repeated statements is longer still, as where the witness reports that A told him that B said that C had stated a given fact.(McCormick, p. 585)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

ouï-dire multiple : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 18

Record 19 2013-08-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

Evidence of person’s moral standing in community based on reputation. (Black’s, p. 211)

CONT

The second consideration is the manner of proof, i. e. the distinction between different types of proof which may be offered as evidence of character. These types are(a) testimony as to the conduct of the person in question as reflecting his character, and(b) testimony of a witness as to his opinion of the person's character based on observation, and(c) testimony as to his reputation.(McCormick, p. 443)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

preuve de moralité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 19

Record 20 2013-07-31

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Evidence
DEF

The obligation of proving facts. (L.B. Curzon,) A Dictionary of Law, 1979

CONT

In the Common law, burden of proof is the obligation to prove allegations which are presented in a legal action. More colloquially, burden of proof refers to an obligation in a particular context to defend a position against a prima facie other position.

OBS

The term "burden of proof" is commonly used to describe either or both of the following two concepts...(a) Burden of Adducing Evidence of Evidential Burden(b) Burden of Persuasion or Legal Burden(Fed./Prov. Task Force, p. 19)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit de la preuve
OBS

charge de la preuve; fardeau de la preuve : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

OBS

burden of proof : Terme générique. Certains emploient aussi «burden of proof» dans un sens spécifique correspondant à «burden of persuasion», en opposition avec «burden of evidence» («burden of producing evidence»).

Spanish

Save record 20

Record 21 2013-06-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Leasehold ownership exists where one person(the tenant or lessee) is given :(a) exclusive possession of land by another(the landlord or lessor),(b) with the intention that he should hold it as a tenant and not in some other capacity,(c) for a determinate period of time less than that held by the landlord himself.(T) he tenure of the leaseholder is still of vital importance. It is this relationship, represented in the terms of the lease or tenancy agreement, which determines the continuing rights and obligations of the parties. Although it is still common, and correct, for lawyers to talk of freehold tenants, tenants in fee simple, etc., the layman normally understands the word tenant to mean the leasehold tenant; and the expression "landlord and tenant" is invariably used even by lawyers to mean leasehold ownership.(Harwood, 1975, p. 81).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

propriété à bail : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 21

Record 22 2013-06-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

If A leased land in 1970 to B for 20 years and in 1980 B... granted to D a term of nine years, or even 10 years less one day, D would take a sub-lease. In that case D would hold of B, who should continue to hold of A, although only D would be entitled to present possession of the land. In such circumstances A, if he owns the fee simple, is said to hold the "freehold reversion" while B holds a "leasehold reversion", although it is, in this case, only of one day's duration.(Yates & Hawkins, 1981, p. 26)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

réversion de bailleur : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 22

Record 23 2013-06-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Conditions are either true or apparent. A true condition is where the event on which the existence of the right depends is future and uncertain("I give Blackacre to A if B shall die without leaving children")(Jowitt, p. 410).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

condition véritable : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 23

Record 24 2013-06-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

Tenant's fixtures... are divisible according to their nature into(a) trade fixtures, being articles erected by the tenant solely for the purposes of trade or manufacture, such as engines... cisterns, plants and trees planted by nurserymen, etc., and(b) ornamental fixtures....(Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 802).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

accessoire fixe d'exploitation : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 24

Record 25 2013-06-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

It is necessary,... to distinguish this situation from the situation in which a prior seller, A, makes an express representation concerning, for example, the authenticity of a painting, to his immediate buyer, B. If B sells the goods to a subsequent buyer, C, the question arises whether C should be able to sue A in respect of the express warranty given by A to B(Ontario Law Reform Commission, "Report on the Sale of Goods", vol. 1, 1979, p. 243)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

acheteur postérieur : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 25

Record 26 2013-05-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

If A, B, C and D are co-owners of Blackacre, and the land is sold to P, the co-ownership will come to an end since the land has become vested in a sole owner, P.(Riddall, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 138).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

propriétaire unique : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 26

Record 27 2013-05-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

A, and B, may be joint tenants in fee simple, but the result of the death of B, is that his interest totally disappears and A, becomes owner in severalty of the land.(Cheshire, 12th, p. 212)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

propriétaire individuel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 27

Record 28 2013-05-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

An easement is an incorporeal hereditament and is a privilege without a profit. Thus when A, the owner of a piece of land, has the right of compelling B, the owner of an adjoining piece of land, either to refrain from doing something on his(B's) land; or to allow A to do something on his(B's) land, then A is said to have an easement over B's land : A is called the dominant owner, and his land the dominant tenement; B is called the servient tenant, and his land the servient tenement.(Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 675).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

tenant de fonds servant : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 28

Record 29 2013-05-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

A reversion is the interest which continues in the grantor after he has conveyed away a particular estate that is less than what he owned.... Thus, in a grant "to A for life, remainder to B in tail", A has a life estate in possession, B has a vested remainder in tail and the grantor retains the reversion in fee.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 338).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

réversion en fief : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 29

Record 30 2013-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

If land was limited... "to B for life and to the heirs of his body, "the Rule in "Shelley's Case" required that(this remainder)... in fee tail should vest at once in B, and not in the persons who would be(his) heirs when(he) died. The words... "and to the heirs of his body" were thus treated as words of limitation, marking out the estates taken by B.(Megarry & Wade, "The Law of Real Property", 4th ed., 1975, p. 61).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

résidu en fief taillé; résidu taillé : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 30

Record 31 2013-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

There may be a number of remainders in succession. Thus, the holder of an estate in fee simple in land may grant the land to A for a term of years, remainder to B for life, remainder to C in fee simple.(Anger and Honsberger, 1959, p. 122).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

résidu viager : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 31

Record 32 2013-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

If A, a tenant in fee simple, grants land to B for life, and after B's decease to C and his heirs, C's interest is termed a remainder in fee expectant on the decease of B.(Osborn's, 7th, p. 284).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

résidu en fief : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 32

Record 33 2013-04-26

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Prescriptive period is the period of time necessary to acquire an easement by prescription. (Ballentine, p. 981)

CONT

An easement is created by such use of land, for the period of prescription, as would be privileged if an easement existed, provided the use is(a) adverse, and(b) for the period of prescription, continuous and uninterrupted.("Restatement of the Law of Property", p. 2923).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

délai de prescription acquisitive; délai de prescription : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 33

Record 34 2013-04-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
DEF

A person who takes part in a legal transaction or proceeding is said to be a party to it. Thus, if an agreement, conveyance, lease, or the like, is entered between A and B, they are said to be parties to it;...(Jowitt, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 1321).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

partie : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 34

Record 35 2013-04-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

A may be the owner of a thing as against all the world except B, while with regard to B he may have no rights of ownership at all, being bound, by virtue of a personal relation between them, to allow B to have the use and profits of the property, or even to deal with the property as B may direct. As the rules of the common law only recognize A's rights to the property and ignore those of B, A is called the legal owner, while B is called the equitable owner, because his rights are only recognized by virtue of the doctrines of equity. The legal owner is the nominal owner, the equitable the beneficial owner.(Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 1302).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

propriétaire nominal : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 35

Record 36 2013-03-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

The essential difference between legal and equitable rights is best understood by comparing absolute ownership with trusts....(A) t this point it is only necessary to appreciate that trusts were unenforceable at common law. If land was conveyed to A in fee simple upon trust for B in fee simple, the common law courts regarded A as absolute owner and would not recognise any rights in B. But the Chancellor would enforce trusts, as matters of conscience, and compel A to hold the land on B's behalf and to allow B to enjoy it. In such a case A is the "legal owner", B is the "equitable owner". The land is vested in A, but since he is trustee of it he is not the beneficial owner : he has only the "bare legal estate", and the beneficial interest belongs to B. Now legal ownership confers rights "in rem", rights of property in the land itself, which can be enforced against anyone. Equitable ownership conferred at first only a right "in personam", a right to compel the trustee personally to perform his trust.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 113).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

propriété en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 36

Record 37 2013-03-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
  • Law of Estates (common law)
OBS

The main branches of the law of succession are :(a) the law of testamentary succession...(b) the law of intestate succession.(Curzon, "Law of Succession", 1976, p. 4)

Key term(s)
  • succession law

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
  • Droit successoral (common law)
OBS

droit successoral; loi successorale : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

OBS

Le second équivalent «loi successorale» s'emploie en droit international privé.

Spanish

Save record 37

Record 38 2013-03-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

When a person who is prima facie liable to A, on being sued by him sets up as a defence that the money or property claimed does not belong to A, but belongs by a paramount title to B, he is said to set up the "jus tertii"(right of a third person).(Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 1041)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

droit du tiers : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 38

Record 39 2013-03-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
OBS

In general a covenant is framed so as to be at once joint and several, and then it is at the election of the covenantee in which form he shall sue upon it; whether to charge all the covenantors together or the survivor alone on the joint covenant, or to charge one alone, or the executor of a deceased covenantor, with the entire liability on the several covenant. A joint and several covenant is now usually made by the words "jointly and severally" but it will arise from any other words which have the same effect, such as we and each of us covenant; or A and B covenant for themselves and each of them.(12 Hals., 4th ed., p. 1555)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

covenant conjoint et individuel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 39

Record 40 2013-02-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

A surrender is the yielding or delivering up of lands or tenements and the estate a man has therein, unto another that has a higher and a greater estate in the same lands or tenements.(T) o give a surrender legal effect, the surrenderee must have the immediate estate in remainder or reversion expectant on the estate of the surrenderor. For example, if A lets to B for five years and B lets to C for four years, C cannot surrender to A, as A has not the immediate estate in remainder or reversion expectant on the estate of the surrenderor.(Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 290)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

domaine immédiat : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 40

Record 41 2013-02-12

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

It is necessary,... to distinguish this situation from the situation in which a prior seller, A, makes an express representation concerning, for example, the authenticity of a painting, to his immediate buyer, B. If B sells the goods to a subsequent buyer, C, the question arises whether C should be able to sue A in respect of the express warranty given by A to B(Ontario Law Reform Commission, "Report on the Sale of Goods", vol. 1, 1979, p. 243)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

acheteur immédiat : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 41

Record 42 2013-01-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Suppose land is transferred to A and his heirs until A marries B, and then to B and her heirs. A clearly receives a fee simple determinable by virtue of the express special limitation-"until A marries B"-but if the special limitation becomes operative(i. e., if A marries B), there is a gift over to B which precludes any reverter to the transferor. Since the only kind of future interest that may "follow" a fee simple is an executory interest, B's interest must be an executory interest in fee simple absolute.... The term "fee simple determinable with an executory limitation" would clearly be more convenient than, and as descriptive as, the term adopted by the "Property Restatement"("fee simple with an executory limitation" creating an interest which takes effect at the expiration of a prior interest).(Cunningham, Stoebuck and Whitman, p. 62)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

fief simple résoluble assorti d'une délimitation non réalisée : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 42

Record 43 2013-01-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

Easements may be created(i) by express grant, as where A grants B a right of way over A's land;(ii) by implied grant... and(iii) by prescription....(Jowitt, 3rd ed., 1977, p. 677)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

concession expresse : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 43

Record 44 2012-12-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

A purchaser under contract to buy land had... at common law only a right to damages if his vendor broke the contract. But in equity he had a right to compel his vendor to convey the land itself. This right to specific performance created a right in the land, a species of equitable property right. Therefore, if A agreed to sell land to B,... B was equitable owner from the time of the contract, and could enforce his equitable right to the land against anyone except a "bona fide" purchaser of a legal estate without notice of the contract.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 132)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

droit de propriété en equity : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 44

Record 45 2012-12-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

An estate for life is an estate which is not an estate of inheritance, and(a) is an estate which is specifically described as to duration in terms of the life or lives of one or more human beings, and is not terminable at any fixed or computable period of time; or(b) though not so specifically described as is required under the rule stated in Clause(a), is an estate which cannot last longer than the life of lives of one or more human beings, and is not terminable at any fixed or computable period of time or at the will of the transferor.(Restatement of the Law of Property, s. 18, cité dans Laskin, 1958, p. 69)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

domaine à vie : [terme spécifique qui] exprimera la distinction entre «estate for life» et «estate for lives».

OBS

domaine viager; domaine à vie : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 45

Record 46 2012-12-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Estates (common law)
CONT

The equitable doctrine of marshalling applies where there are two creditors(A and B) of the same debtor and two funds(X and Y) out of which payment must be claimed, and where... A can resort to both funds... for the satisfaction of his debt but... B can resort to only one fund(Y). In this instance, equity will intervene and, in order to prevent.... A from depriving... B of his security, order A to be paid out of the X fund to which B is not entitled, resorting to the Y fund only in case of deficiency, while allowing B to be paid out of the Y fund.(Yogis, "Canadian Law Dictionary", l982, p. l32)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit successoral (common law)
OBS

doctrine de l'ordonnancement : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 46

Record 47 2012-12-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
  • Law of Contracts (common law)
OBS

The doctrine of privity, while a natural if not inevitable inference from a strict theory of contract, has clashed with the needs and concepts of the land law. A lease, for instance, is a contract, but it creates rights of property that cannot be kept within contractual bounds. If A lets land to B, the lease will contain mutual rights and duties to pay the rent, to keep the premises in repair and many other obligations. As between the parties themselves there is privity of contract; but if either transfers his interest to a stranger, convenience demands that he in his turn shall take the benefit and the burden of the original covenants.(Cheshire and Fifoot, 9th ed., 1976, p. 429).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
  • Droit des contrats (common law)
OBS

doctrine de la connexité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 47

Record 48 - external organization data 2012-11-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
16.03.05 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

<information theory> amount R by which the decision content H0 exceeds the entropy H; in mathematical notation: R = H0 - H

OBS

Usually, messages can be represented with fewer characters by using suitable codes; the redundancy may be considered as a measure of the decrease of the average length of the messages accomplished by appropriate coding.

OBS

Example : Let {a, b, c} be a set of three events and let p(a)=0, 5, p(b)=0, 25, and p(c)=0, 25 be the probabilities of their occurrences. The redundancy of this set is R=1, 58 Sh-1, 50 Sh=0, 08 Sh

OBS

redundancy: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
16.03.05 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

<théorie de l'information> excès R de la quantité de décision H0 sur l'entropie H, exprimé mathématiquement par R = H0 - H

OBS

En pratique, l'usage de codes convenables permet de représenter des messages avec un nombre réduit de caractères; la redondance peut être considérée comme une mesure de la diminution de la longueur moyenne des messages ainsi réalisée au moyen d'un codage approprié.

OBS

Exemple : Soit {a,b,c} un jeu de trois événements et p(a) = 0,5, p(b) = 0,25 et p(c) = 0,25 leurs probabilités de réalisation. La redondance de ce jeu est R = 1,58 Sh - 1,50 Sh = 0,08 Sh

OBS

redondance : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

Spanish

Save record 48

Record 49 2012-11-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

"Contract" is sometimes used in a sense similar to that of "agreement" in its primary sense, namely, the common intention of two persons with regard to a certain subject. Thus, the phrase "contract of sale" frequently denotes the ordinary transaction of A delivering goods to B and B paying the price to A at the same instant. This is a sale, rather than a contract of sale, for "contract" usually implies a promise to be performed at a future time.(Jowitt, p. 450)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

contrat de vente : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

OBS

Solution valable aussi pour le sens métonymique.

Spanish

Save record 49

Record 50 2012-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Estates (common law)
OBS

Gifts expressed in the alternative. Two or more gifts may be made to take effect alternatively, for example, in certain mutually exclusive events; thus, a gift to A or B, where A and B are donees, described or named, and mutually exclusive, is an alternative gift. In such a gift there is generally a contingency implied, even if not expressed, on the happening of which the gift is to take effect in favour of the second-named donee, and the circumstances of the gift must be ascertained before the contingency can be determined. Usually it refers to the death of the first-named donee before some particular period; for example, the death of the testator or some other period of distribution; and it is inferred that the intention of the testator is that the first donee shall take if then alive, but that the second donee is to take if the first does not survive the particular period.(Halsbury's Laws of England, 3rd ed., v. 39, 1962, p. 1048)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit successoral (common law)
OBS

L'adjectif anglais «alternative» dans «alternative gift» se rapporte tantôt à l'une ou à l'autre de deux choses faisant l'objet d'un legs fait à une même personne, tantôt à une alternative quant au destinataire de la chose léguée (légataire), c'est-à-dire à l'une ou à l'autre de deux ou plusieurs personnes appelées à recevoir une même chose. Sur le plan de la traduction, l'équivalent français reste le même et est valable dans toutes les situations d'emploi de «alternative gift», sans égard à l'interprétation de «alternative» anglais qui se dégagera de l'analyse, sur le plan juridique, du contexte.

OBS

legs alternatif : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 50

Record 51 2012-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

"Ad medium filum viae" Rule... At common law, where the boundary between A's land and B's land is a road, there is a presumption that, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, each owns the road up to an imaginary line or thread drawn along the centre of the road; the respective ownership of A and B is said to be "ad medium filum viae".(Di Castri, Registration of Title to Land, 1987, p. 18-789).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

règle «ad medium filum viae»; règle «medium filum viae» : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 51

Record 52 2012-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Law of Estates (common law)
CONT

Voluntary waste is the commission of an act which is injurious to the inheritance or to those entitled in remainder or reversion, either(a) by diminishing the value of the estate, such as by felling trees, mining, or destroying buildings or gardens,(b) by increasing the burden on it, or(c) by impairing evidence of title.(Anger and Honsberger, 2nd, p. 168)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit successoral (common law)
OBS

dégradation volontaire: terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO)

Spanish

Save record 52

Record 53 2012-10-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

The Statute "Quia Emptores" forbade alienation by subinfeudation and removed all restraints on alienation by substitution of an estate in fee simple that had previously existed. The statute is in force in all the common law jurisdictions of Canada.... the statute has been described as a pillar of real property law, for it still operates, whenever a person sells his land, to put the purchaser in the vendor’s place. (Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 114)

OBS

The alternative to subinfeudation was substitution. B might grant to C not by creating a new tenure but by letting C step into his shoes so that C became, and B ceased to be, tenant of A.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 30

Key term(s)
  • substitution alienation

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

aliénation par substitution : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 53

Record 54 2012-10-17

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

(I) n a grant "to A for life, remainder to such of A's children as shall attain the age of 21, and for want of such issue, to B in fee", the remainders of A's children and B are contingent. A's children's interest cannot be regarded as vested, for then B's contingent remainder in fee would operate so as to defeat a vested fee simple which the law does not permit....(Anger & Honsberger, 2nd ed., 1985, p. 401)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

résidu en fief éventuel : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 54

Record 55 2012-10-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

For a gift to be classified as a class gift the generic description of the group intended to be benefited must usually cover all possible members of the group. However, this does not exclude a gift to a composite class, for instance, a gift "to the children of A and the children of B", or "to the children of A who attain 25 and the issue of such children as die under that age".(Feeney, 1982, Vol. 2, p. 155)

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

catégorie composée : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 55

Record 56 2012-09-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • General Conduct of Military Operations
DEF

A mission assigned to a unit that might be executed.

OBS

It is generally a contingency mission which will be executed because something planned has or has not been successful. In planning priorities, it is planned after any on-order missions.

OBS

The use of oblique strokes in abbreviations is not recommended by the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces.

OBS

be-prepared mission; B/P : term and abbreviation officially approved by the Joint Terminology Panel.

OBS

be-prepared mission: term officially approved by the Defence Terminology Standardization Board.

Key term(s)
  • be prepared mission

French

Domaine(s)
  • Conduite générale des opérations militaires
OBS

mission probable : terme uniformisé par le Groupe d’experts en terminologie interarmées et par le Conseil de normalisation de terminologie de la Défense.

Spanish

Save record 56

Record 57 2012-08-15

English

Subject field(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Property Law (common law)
DEF

One which exists where there(is) either :(a) an "actual delivery", consisting in giving to the bailee or his agent the real possession of the chattel, or(b) a "constructive delivery", consisting of any of those acts which, although not truly comprising real possession of the goods transferred, have been held by legal construction equivalent to acts of real delivery.(Black's, 5th ed., 1979, p. 129).

French

Domaine(s)
  • PAJLO
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

baillement de fait : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 57

Record 58 2012-04-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geochemistry
  • Mineralogy
DEF

[A type of sulfide] in which both metallic and metalloid or non-metallic elements are present in combination with sulfur ...

OBS

Sulfosalts... conform to the general composition Amsub>Bn</sub>Xp</sub>, in which m, n, and p are integers; A may be lead, silver, thallium, or copper; B may be antimony, arsenic, bismuth, tin, or germanium; and X may be sulfur or selenium.

PHR

Sulphosalt mineralization, mineralogy.

Key term(s)
  • sulfosalt mineral
  • sulfo-salt

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géochimie
  • Minéralogie
CONT

On regroupe parmi les sulfures les minéraux ayant formule de type général AmSp, où A est un métal [argent, cuivre, plomb, zinc, fer, nickel, mercure, arsenic, antimoine, molybdène], et S est le soufre. En revanche, les sulfosels ont comme formule générale AmBnSp = AmSq·BnSp-q, où le métalloïde B coexiste avec le soufre.

CONT

La structure de la majorité des sulfosels consiste en clusters, bandes ou couches d'unité sulfure simple liées par des liaisons dirigées de type moléculaire.

Spanish

Save record 58

Record 59 2012-04-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Mineralogy
  • Chemistry
Universal entry(ies)
Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
formula, see observation
3MgO·4SiO2·H2O
formula, see observation
14807-96-6
CAS number
DEF

A naturally occurring monoclinic mineral of hydrated silicate of magnesium which covers a wide range of products of diverse composition, shape, purity and brightness, occurs in foliated, granular or fibrous masses, appears usually under the form of a white, apple-green, gray powder or of transparent laminae or plates, with a characteristic soapy or greasy feel and a shining lustre ...

OBS

... used in ceramics, in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as a filler in rubber, paints, soap, putty, plaster and oilcloth, as a dusting agent, as a lubricant, in paper, in slate pencils and crayons and for electrical insulation.

OBS

Talc exists in three varieties: foliated, massive (steatite or soapstone), and indurated (talc slate or schist). Compact, massive varieties may be called steatite in distinction from the foliated varieties, which are called talc. Soapstone is an impure variety of steatite.

OBS

Chemical formulas: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 or 3MgO·4SiO2·H2O

OBS

talc: term standardized by ISO; officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).

OBS

Also known under a very large number of commercial designations, such as : Agalite; Asbestine; B 9; B 13; Beaver White 200; B 13(mineral) ;CP 10-40; CP 38-33; Crystalite CRS 6002; Desertalc 57; Emtal 500; EX-IT; Fibrene C 400; Finntalc C10; FW-XO; IT Extra; LMR 100; Micro Ace K1; Micron White 5000A; Microtalco IT Extra; Mistron 139; Mistron RCS; Mistron Star; Mistron Super Frost; Mistron Vapor; MP 12-50; MST; Mussolinite; Nytal 200; P 3; PK-C; PK-N; Polytal 4641; Steawhite; Supreme; Supreme Dense; Talcan PK-P; Talcron CP 44-31; Talcum; TY 80.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Minéralogie
  • Chimie
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
formula, see observation
3MgO·4SiO2·H2O
formula, see observation
14807-96-6
CAS number
DEF

Silicate naturel de magnésium hydraté renfermant de l'eau et diverses impuretés [telles le fer, l'aluminium], trouvé en amas lamellaires, constituant le plus tendre des minéraux, onctueux au toucher, blanc ou coloré [...]

OBS

[Utilisé] entre autres en pharmacie, comme poudre de toilette, comme enduit pour produits caoutchoutés, dans la fabrication de produits de haute réfractarité et dans les peintures.

OBS

Identifié dans le Colour Index par le numéro C.I. «CI 77 718» et le nom C.I. «Pigment White 26».

OBS

Formules chimiques : Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 ou 3MgO·4SiO2·H2O

OBS

talc : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR et par l'ISO; uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).

PHR

Poudre de talc.

PHR

Saupoudrer de talc.

Spanish

Save record 59

Record 60 2011-11-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Position and Functional Titles (Armed Forces)
  • Medical and Dental Services (Military)
Universal entry(ies)
56.A3
occupation code
OBS

Classification Specialty Qualification(CSQ) Code 56. A3, formerly designated Medical Record Librarian Officer. See Canadian Forces Publication(CFP) 150(1), p. 5C1(56)-1; National Defence Headquarters Administrative Unit Routine Orders(NDHQ/AU RO) 31, art. 6 b, 770728.

OBS

56A3: classification specialty qualification code.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Postes et fonctions (Forces armées)
  • Service de santé et service dentaire (Militaire)
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
56.A3
occupation code
OBS

Nouvelle description du code de qualification de spécialiste 56.A3, remplaçant conservateur des archives médicales militaires. Voir la Publication des Forces canadiennes (PFC 150(1), page 5C1(56)-1; Ordres courants de l'Unité administrative du Quartier général de la Défense nationale numéro 31, article 6 b, 770728.

OBS

56.A3 : code de qualification de spécialiste (classification).

Spanish

Save record 60

Record 61 2011-10-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • The Heart
DEF

An attack of asthma associated with heart disease as ventricular failure characterized by predominant pulmonary congestion with some bronchoconstriction. (Glanze, Walter. Mosby’s Medical and Nursing Dictionary. C.V. Mosby Co., 1986, p. 185)

CONT

Cardiac asthma is a term sometimes given to paroxysmal breathing difficulties of... an episodic failure of the left ventricle of the heart.(Walton, John and Paul B. Besson, The Oxford Companion to Medicine. Oxford, 1986, p. 88).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Cœur
DEF

Expression impropre désignant une crise dyspnéique asthmatiforme survenant chez certains sujets atteints d'insuffisance ventriculaire [...] et témoignant d'un oedème bronchique prédominant lié à une sensibilité [...].

CONT

[Le] diagnostic différentiel de l'asthme [...] est plus délicat avec l'asthme cardiaque comportant l'association d'une cardiopathie d'une insuffisance cardiaque et d'une dyspnée paroxystique évoquant l'asthme.

OBS

Le terme asthme cardiaque est impropre car il ne s'agit pas d'asthme.

Spanish

Save record 61

Record 62 2011-08-09

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
DEF

Reaction whose rate of reaction is determined by the concentration of two chemical species or the square of one chemical species.

CONT

It is important to note that a second order reaction such as A + B-> P may under some conditions appear to be a first-order reaction. For example, if the concentration of B is very high and that of A very low, this reaction might appear to be first-order because its rate will be nearly proportional to the concentration of only one reactant, namely, A. Under these special conditions the reaction is an apparent-or pseudo-first-order reaction.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
DEF

Réaction [...] dont la vitesse est proportionnelle au produit de la concentration de deux réactifs différents, ou au carré de la concentration d'un seul réactif.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Ciencias biológicas
Save record 62

Record 63 2011-03-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chronology
  • Petrography
CONT

Synplutonic dikes in the granodiorite of Toyn Creek are medium-grained epidote-bearing hornblende biotite tonalite with hypidiomorphic granular texture.

CONT

Another observation ... is the coalescence of basic and granitic magmas with symplutonic relationships.

OBS

The prefix syn-(sym-before b, p, and m) means "together, with or joined. "

OBS

synplutonic: term used at Natural Resources Canada - Earth Sciences Sector.

Key term(s)
  • syn-plutonic

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chronologie
  • Pétrographie
CONT

La formation du minerai est rattaché à un épisode synplutonique d'âge Carbonifère [...]

CONT

Des dykes mafiques, pré- ou syn-plutoniques auraient été déformés, fragmentés et recristallisés dans les roches très visqueuses du pluton, et auraient formé les nombreuses inclusions mafiques qui sont distribuées de façon irrégulière dans le pluton.

OBS

Préfixe syn- : Exprime l'idée d'ensemble, avec. [...] Le «n» se transforme [habituellement] en «m» devant les consonnes «b», «p».

OBS

synplutonique : terme en usage à Ressources naturelles Canada - Secteur des sciences de la Terre.

Spanish

Save record 63

Record 64 2011-01-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds
Universal entry(ies)
OCHCH2CH2CHO
correct, formula
DEF

Properties : Liquid; sp. gr. 1. 064(20/4 °C) ;b. p. 169-170 °C. Refractive index 1. 4254. Soluble in water, alcohol, and ether.

OBS

The name succinaldehyde is often incorrectly used in commerce as a synonym for succinic anhydride.

OBS

Chemical formula: OCHCH2CH2CHO

French

Domaine(s)
  • Éléments et composés chimiques
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
OCHCH2CH2CHO
correct, formula
DEF

[...] Liquide incolore. Densité : 1,0644. Point d'ébullition : 169[degrés]C - 170°C. [...] Soluble dans : eau, alcool, éther. Récipients : Verre, fer. Usages : Intermédiaire de synthèse.

OBS

Formule chimique : OCHCH2CH2CHO

Spanish

Save record 64

Record 65 2010-07-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Microbiology and Parasitology
  • Pollution (General)
CONT

According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 46th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, held November 3-7, 1995, in Chicago, Illinois. To evaluate the influence of HIV infection on HCV-related chronic hepatitis, we compared biological (AST, ALT and GGT activities), histological (cirrhosis or not, Knodell score), virological (HCV genotypes) and therapeutical data in a large series of intravenous drug users (IVDU), according to the HIV status. We studied 212 patients (162 males and 50 females), mean age 32 years, mean "anciennety" of drug addiction ...

OBS

"Chronic Hepatitis C of Drug Users : Influence of HIV Infection. "S. Pol, N. Trinh Thi, V. Thiers, F. Jaffredo, F. Camot, B. Lamorthe, H. Zylberberg, P. Berthelot, C. Brechot and B. Nalpas. Liver Unit, INSERM U-3(Excerpt from Internet).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Microbiologie et parasitologie
  • Pollution (Généralités)
CONT

Le diagnostic de l'hépatite chronique impose une biopsie du foie. Jusqu'à récemment, on évaluait la gravité de l'atteinte hépatique par le score de Knodell qui a l'inconvénient de ne pas faire de distinction entre l'état de la fibrose et l'activité. Cette dernière est évaluée d'après les lésions de nécrose et d'inflammation, mais elle n'a pas de valeur pronostique. En revanche, le stade de la fibrose est déterminant pour prédire l'évolution de la maladie. Un nouveau score (Metavir) résout ce problème.

Spanish

Save record 65

Record 66 2010-07-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Monographs
  • Finance
OBS

by James B. Davies, France St-Hilaire. Ottawa : Economic Council of Canada, 1987. 153 p.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de monographies
  • Finances
OBS

Ottawa : Conseil économique du Canada, 1987. 171 p.

Spanish

Save record 66

Record 67 2010-04-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Environmental Studies and Analyses
  • Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics (Physics)
CONT

Nomograms for the penetration of 2-ethylhexanol into the unsaturated zone above the groundwater table were prepared for each soil. The nomograms show the total depth of penetration(B) versus penetration time(t[ subscript] p) for various volumes spilled per unit area of soil(B[ subscript] O.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Études et analyses environnementales
  • Mécanique des fluides et hydraulique (Physique)
CONT

Un nomogramme de la migration de l'éthyl-2 hexanol dans la couche de sol non saturée (à capacité au champ) située au-dessus de la nappe phréatique a été préparé pour chaque sol. Chaque nomogramme montre la hauteur totale de migration h[indice]m en fonction du temps de migration t[indice]m pour un volume donné de polluant déversé au sein d'une colonne de sol d'une superficie donnée (charge volumétrique) [...]

OBS

B[indice]o.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Estudios y análisis del medio ambiente
  • Mecánica de fluidos e hidráulica (Física)
Save record 67

Record 68 2009-07-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Investment
  • Stock Exchange
CONT

Value investors look for some other indicators besides earnings growth and so on. One of the metrics they look for is the Price to Book ratio or P/B. This measurement looks at the value the market places on the book value of the company.

Key term(s)
  • price-to-book ratio
  • price-book ratio
  • market-to-book ratio
  • market-book ratio

French

Domaine(s)
  • Investissements et placements
  • Bourse
DEF

Quotient obtenu en divisant le cours d'une action par la valeur comptable de l'action

Spanish

Save record 68

Record 69 2008-08-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Food Services (Military)
  • Combat Support
CONT

The [s] urvival [r] ation consists of the [b] asic [s] urvival [p] ack and the [s] upplementary [b] everage [p] ack. The [s] urvival [r] ation provides subsistence sustainment for up to six consecutive days in situations where there is a minimal expenditure of energy and limited drinking water.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Alimentation (Militaire)
  • Soutien au combat
CONT

La ration de survie est composée de la ration de survie de base et de boissons supplémentaires. Elle assure la subsistance pendant une période allant jusqu'à six jours consécutifs dans des situations de dépense minimale d'énergie et d'accès limité à l'eau potable.

Spanish

Save record 69

Record 70 2008-03-06

English

Subject field(s)
  • Hydrology and Hydrography
DEF

Rhythmic series of waves caused by: the convergence of main channel currents as the result of rising water, underwater obstacles or ledges.

OBS

Haystacks resemble standing waves but are more peaked. They tend to move around. [U’Ren, Stephen B., Performance Kayaking, 1990, p. 70. ]

French

Domaine(s)
  • Hydrologie et hydrographie

Spanish

Save record 70

Record 71 2007-01-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Graphics
  • Telecommunications Transmission
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Video Technology
CONT

The MPEG standard is primarily a bitstream specification, although it also specifies a typical decoding process to assist in interpreting the bitstream specification. This approach supports data interchange, but it does not restrict creativity and innovation in the means for creating or decoding that bitstream. The bitstream architecture is based on a sequence of pictures, each of which contains the data needed to create a single displayable image. Note that the order of transmission of pictures in the data stream may not be the same as the order in which pictures will be displayed-this will be evident shortly. There are four different kinds of pictures, depending on how each picture is to be decoded : I pictures... P pictures... B pictures are interpolated pictures, which are coded by interpolating between a previous and a future I or P picture. This process is sometimes referred to as "bidirectional prediction. "

French

Domaine(s)
  • Infographie
  • Transmission (Télécommunications)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Vidéotechnique
DEF

Image codée en utilisant une prédiction compensée du mouvement, d'après une image de référence antérieure et/ou future.

CONT

Le débit numérique d'images vidéo compressées selon MPEG-1 a été fixé à 1,5 Mbits/s, compatible avec le taux de transfert des lecteurs de CD ROM, dans le but de développer des applications multimédia basées sur le stockage de séquences animées. Le format standard mais paramétrable des images est de 352 X 288 pixels, avec vidéo non entrelacée. [...] Trois statuts d'images ont donc été définis : - l'«intrapicture», (image de type I) qui est transmise dans sa totalité selon une compression identique à JPEG. Elle servira de référence pour le calcul des autres images et lors des accès aléatoires dans une lecture accélérée de type magnétoscope (notion de «keyframe» dans Quicktime); - la «predicted picture» (image de type P), ou image prédite, codée à partir des images complètes précédentes grâce aux vecteurs de mouvements des blocs 8 X 8 pixels et avec une correction d'erreur sur le contenu du bloc, environ une image sur trois; - l'image interpolée ou bi-directionnelle (image de type B) [...]

OBS

Vidéo.

Spanish

Save record 71

Record 72 2006-05-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Roofs (Building Elements)
DEF

Incline of a roof expressed as a ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run. For example, a roof that rises at the rate of 4 in. for each 12 in. of run is designated as having a 4 in. 12 slope.

CONT

The slope of a roof is generally referred to as the pitch and is expressed as the ratio of the rise of the roof to the horizontal span.

OBS

Slope indicates the incline of a roof as a ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run .... Slope and pitch are often incorrectly used synonymously when referring to the incline of a sloped roof. Pitch indicates the incline of a roof as a ratio of the vertical rise to twice the horizontal run.

OBS

The distinction between "slope" and "pitch" traced in "Construction : Principles, Materials, and Methods, "by Harold B. Olin, et al(source OLICO) can also be found in "Construction Glossary : an encyclopedic reference and manual, "by J. Stewart Stein(source SCONS, p 275), but nowhere else.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Toitures (Éléments du bâtiment)
DEF

Inclinaison d'un versant. (Elle s'exprime soit en degrés mesurés sur l'angle que forme l'horizontale avec la couverture, soit en hauteur mesurée sur la perpendiculaire.)

CONT

(...) la pente d'un toit, c'est le rapport entre son élévation et sa course. Prends, par exemple, un toit ayant une élévation de 2 000 mm et une course de 6 000 mm. Le rapport élévation : course est donc de 2 000 : 6 000 mais, pour uniformiser, on parle d'une pente de 1 : 3.

OBS

Noter que pour certains auteurs la pente ne doit pas être confondue avec l'inclinaison; la pente exprime un rapport entre l'élévation et la course du toit, alors que l'inclinaison est une mesure de l'angle formé avec le plan horizontal, exprimée en degrés.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Techos (Elementos de edificios)
Save record 72

Record 73 2006-04-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Optics
OBS

Quantity P as defined by the relation "P equals(A-B)/(C-B) ", where A is one of the chromaticity coordinates of the considered colour stimulus, B is the analogous chromaticity coordinate of the specified achromatic light stimulus, and C is the analogous chromaticity coordinate of the monochromatic light stimulus having the same wavelength as the dominant wavelength of the considered colour stimulus(cf. CIEVO 1970, p. 63).

OBS

excitation purity: term standardized by CIE.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Optique
DEF

Dans un système trichromatique donné rapporté au point achromatique spécifié A, rapport des rayons vecteurs issus de A et ayant respectivement pour extrémités les points de couleur du stimulus donné et de la radiation dominante correspondante [lambda]. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR.]

OBS

Pluriel : des stimulus, des stimuli.

OBS

stimulus (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).

OBS

pureté d'excitation : terme normalisé par la CIE et l'AFNOR.

Spanish

Save record 73

Record 74 2006-03-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Training of Personnel
  • Internet and Telematics
  • Education Theory and Methods
CONT

(B + T) x P=Maximum Effectiveness. Many people believe that success is the result of business skills and knowledge(B) and technical/specialty skills(T). The truth is, success is the result of highly developed personal skills(P). Personal skills are the multiplier to achieve maximum effectiveness. Who you are and how you operate is far more important than what you know or your functional skills. Small incremental improvements in personal skills produce multiplied results.

OBS

Compare "soft skills".

French

Domaine(s)
  • Perfectionnement et formation du personnel
  • Internet et télématique
  • Théories et méthodes pédagogiques
CONT

Les compétences personnelles sont celles qui ne sont pas liées directement à l'emploi par exemple, la flexibilité, l'indépendance, les capacités générales de communication, le sens des contacts sociaux, etc.

CONT

Les compétences personnelles en ligne de mire. Les exigences du marché du travail ont considérablement évolué au cours des dernières années. Si un chef d'entreprise ou un responsable du personnel accordait autrefois une importance primordiale aux diplômes et à l'expérience professionnelle, les qualités personnelles du candidat sont aujourd'hui déterminantes pour le futur employeur. Outre son niveau d'expérience, le candidat est désormais jugé sur des qualités qui vont au-delà de sa qualification. Elles regroupent certaines qualités intellectuelles - structure, esprit d'analyse ou de synthèse - mais également la capacité à communiquer, à créer, à s'imposer, à travailler en équipe ou encore à s'investir efficacement dans l'entreprise.

OBS

En fait, les «compétences» signifie «connaissances» plus que capacités, aptitudes ou qualités personnelles.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Capacitación del personal
  • Internet y telemática
  • Teorías y métodos pedagógicos
Save record 74

Record 75 - external organization data 2006-02-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
16.03.04 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

ratio Hr of the entropy H to the decision content H0; in mathematical notation: Hr = H/H0

OBS

Example : Let {a, b, c} be a set of three events and let p(a)=0, 5, p(b)=0, 25, and p(c)=0, 25 be the probabilities of their occurrences. The relative entropy of this set is Hr=1, 5 Sh/1, 580 Sh=0, 95

OBS

relative entropy: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
16.03.04 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

rapport Hr de l'entropie H à la quantité de décision H0, exprimé mathématiquement par Hr = H/H0

OBS

Exemple : Soit {a,b,c} un jeu de trois événements et p(a)=0,5, p(b)=0,25 et p(c)=0,25 leurs probabilités de réalisation. L'entropie relative de ce jeu est Hr = 1,5 Sh / 1,580 Sh = 0,95

OBS

entropie relative : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

Spanish

Save record 75

Record 76 - external organization data 2006-02-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Compartment - ISO/IEC JTC 1 Information Technology Vocabulary
Universal entry(ies)
16.03.02 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

quantitative measure of information about the occurrence of an event of definite probability, equal to the logarithm of the reciprocal of this probability, that is in mathematical notation l(x) = log 1/p(x) = - log p(x) where p(x) is the probability of the occurrence of the event x

OBS

Note 3 of 16.01.03 is applicable to this definition.

OBS

For a set of equiprobable events, the information content of each event is equal to the decision content of the set.

OBS

Example : Let {a, b, c} be a set of three events and let p(a)=0, 5, p(b)=0, 25 and p(c)=0, 25 be the probabilities of their occurrences. The information contents of these events are l(a)=lb 1/0, 50 Sh=1 Sh; l(b)=lb 1/0, 25 Sh=2 Sh; l(c)=lb 1/0, 25 Sh=2 Sh

OBS

information content: term and definition standardized by ISO/IEC [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tiroir - ISO/CEI JTC 1 Vocabulaire des technologies de l'information
Entrée(s) universelle(s)
16.03.02 (2382)
ISO/IEC standard entry number
DEF

mesure quantitative de l'information concernant la réalisation d'un événement de probabilité déterminée, égale au logarithme de l'inverse de cette probabilité, soit mathématiquement l(x) = log 1/p(x) = - log p(x) où p(x) est la probabilité de réalisation de l'événement x

OBS

La note 3 du terme 16.01.03 s'applique également à cette définition.

OBS

Pour un ensemble d'événements équiprobables, la quantité d'information de chaque événement est égale à la quantité de décision de l'ensemble.

OBS

Exemple : Soit {a,b,c} un jeu de trois événements et p(a) = 0,5, p(b) = 0,25 et p(c) = 0,25 leurs probabilités de réalisation. Les quantités d'information de ces événements sont l(a) = lb 1/0,50 Sh = 1 Sh; l(b) = lb 1/0,25 Sh = 2 Sh; l(c) = lb 1/0,25 Sh = 2 Sh

OBS

quantité d'information : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO/CEI [ISO/IEC 2382-16:1996].

Spanish

Save record 76

Record 77 2004-05-04

English

Subject field(s)
  • Property Law (common law)
CONT

(Feed :) to lend additional support; to strengthen "ex post facto". A subsequently acquired interest is said to feed an estoppel. Thus, if A, not having the legal estate, but being estopped from denying that he has it, conveys property to B, then A's subsequent acquisition of the legal estate feeds the estoppel and the legal estate vests in B....(Jowitt's, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 780).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droit des biens et de la propriété (common law)
OBS

soutenir la préclusion : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).

Spanish

Save record 77

Record 78 2004-04-23

English

Subject field(s)
  • Examinations and Competitions (Education)
DEF

A system allowing an educational institution to create an evaluation grid to evaluate students.

CONT

Marking systems vary with individual teachers; however, letter grades are used in all classes and have the following numerical values : A=90-100 D=60-70 B=80-90 F=below 60 C=70-80 P=passing.

OBS

"Grading system" is sometimes synonymous with "marking system" in this sense.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Docimologie
DEF

Système permettant à une institution d'enseignement d'établir un barème d'évaluation pour ses étudiants.

OBS

Les étudiants de McGill [...] doivent bien comprendre le système de l'Université Queen's. Conformément à la politique de McGill concernant le transfert d'unités à McGill, la notation par lettres a priorité sur la notation par chiffre lorsqu'elle est utilisée.

Spanish

Save record 78

Record 79 2003-12-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Medication
CONT

Polymyxin B sulfate should be used only where specifically indicated in the treatment of serious P. aeruginosa infections, or in septicemias and meningitis or other diseases caused by susceptible gram negative bacilli, and when facilities are available for determining possible toxic effects in the patient, such as proteinuria and nitrogen retention.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Médicaments
CONT

Le sulfate de polymyxine B ne sera utilisé que lorsqu'il est spécifiquement indiqué pour le traitement des infections graves au P. aeruginosa ou pour les septicémies, les méningites ou les autres maladies causées par les bacilles sensibles Gram négatifs et quand l'on dispose des facilités pour déterminer chez les patients les effets toxiques possibles tels que la protéinurie et la rétention azotée.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Medicamentos
Save record 79

Record 80 2003-10-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Monographs
  • Business and Administrative Documents
  • Sociology of the Family
OBS

Human Resources Development Canada, Strategic policy working paper, Ottawa, by T. Seifert, P. Canning, B. Lindemann, 2001.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de monographies
  • Écrits commerciaux et administratifs
  • Sociologie de la famille
OBS

Développement des ressources humaines Canada, politique stratégique - document de travail, Ottawa, par t. Seifert, P. Canning, B. Lindemann, 2001.

Spanish

Save record 80

Record 81 2002-04-02

English

Subject field(s)
  • General Vocabulary
DEF

News morphed into entertainment, the TV news version of elevator music.

CONT

On the TV, Dan Rather is telling us about how President Bush is "keeping up his drumbeat of negative talk about the health of the U. S. economy and using that in his efforts to sell Congress on a big tax cut". The Newzak goes on and on... I do what millions of Americans have been doing for years.. I blow Dan Rather a good-by kiss... aim my remote at his eyeball, and click the button marked "off".(B. Goldberg, Bias, Regnery Publishing, Inc. Washington D. C., 2002, p. 214).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Vocabulaire général

Spanish

Save record 81

Record 82 2001-05-01

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biochemistry
CONT

Kersten S., S. Mandard, N. S. Tan, P. Escher, D. Metzger, P. Chambon, F. J. Gonzalez, B. Desvergne, and W. Wahli(2000). Characterization of the fasting induced adipose factor FIAF, a novel PPAR target gene. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275, 28488D28493. P

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biochimie
CONT

Le FIAF(fasting induced adipose factor) également décrit sous le nom de PGAR (PPAR angiopoietin related) ou HFARP (hepatic fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein) a été identifié chez la souris. Cette glycoprotéine, apparentée au fibrinogène et aux angiopoïétines, est produite essentiellement par les tissus adipeux blanc et brun, le placenta et une quantité moindre par le foie.

Spanish

Save record 82

Record 83 1999-08-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Military Finances
  • Postage Stamps and Stamp Cancelling
CONT

"Whether it was children saving 16 25-cent Victory stamps on a card to buy a $4 bond (which would pay $5 in 7 1/2 years), or a Toronto racetrack which paid off winners with certificates, or giving the bonds as Christmas gifts, Canadians contributed an astonishing $8.8 billion to the war effort."

OBS

Source(s) : The Home Front in the Second World War, by D. B. Scott, published by Canadian Heritage, 1995, p. 22.(About Canada Series).

Key term(s)
  • Victory stamps

French

Domaine(s)
  • Finances militaires
  • Timbres et oblitération
CONT

«Qu'il s'agisse d'enfants qui épargnaient 16 timbres de la Victoire sur une carte pour acheter une obligation de 4 $ (qui au bout de 7 1/2 ans rapportait 5 $) ou d'une piste de course de Toronto qui payait les gagnants en certificats, ou encore des généreux donateurs qui remplissaient les bas de Noël d'obligations, les Canadiens versèrent la somme fabuleuse de 8,8 milliards de dollars pour l'effort de guerre.»

OBS

Source(s) : L'effort de guerre au pays, p. 25.

Key term(s)
  • timbres de la Victoire

Spanish

Save record 83

Record 84 1998-03-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Monographs
  • Mineral Prospecting
OBS

Information found in Amicus. By Colin B. McKenzie, P. Dimmell, prepared for NALE, Newfoundland and Labrador Explorationists, 1992, 26 pages.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de monographies
  • Prospection minière
OBS

Information trouvée dans Amicus, par Colin B. McKenzie, P. Dimmell, NALE, Newfoundland and Labrador Explorationists, 1992.

Spanish

Save record 84

Record 85 1998-02-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemistry
CONT

In simple collision theory the rate constant of a bimolecular reaction between A and B is expressed as k=PAB</sub> AAB e-E/RT where PAB</sub>, the steric factor, allows for the fact that, even when the energy requirements are satisfied, all collisions are not effective.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie
CONT

Dans la théorie des collisions simples, la constante de vitesse d'une réaction bimoléculaire entre A et B est exprimée par l'équation: k = PAB AAB e-E/RT dans laquelle PAB, le facteur stérique, permet de tenir compte du fait que, même lorsque les conditions énergétiques sont remplies, toutes les collisions ne sont pas nécessairement efficaces.

Spanish

Save record 85

Record 86 1998-01-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemistry
CONT

A pure gaseous substance B is treated as an ideal gas when the approximation fB</sub>star=p is used where fB</sub>star is the fugacity of B and p its pressure).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie
DEF

[...] substance pure gazeuse B pour l'étude de laquelle on utilise l'approximation fBastérisque = p (fBastérisque est la fugacité et B et p est sa pression) [...]

Spanish

Save record 86

Record 87 1996-11-20

English

Subject field(s)
  • Artificial Intelligence
CONT

Even if the denotations of terms were the same for all agents(and for use), we would need to have a way of referring to the constants used by agents for denoting objects(because the constants used by these agents might not appear in our theory). Suppose we were to Skolemize a nested belief formula by replacing the existential variable by a Skolem constant, say Sk. Sk denotes an object-we do not know which one, but A does know!(We know that A knows which object Sk denotes because the semantics of B tells us that there is an expression of the form P(C) in A's theory such that C denotes whatever Sk is supposed to denote.) Therefore, we need a constant to denote whatever it is that Sk denotes. We introduce an operator o. called the bullet operator, that transforms any term inside the context of the B operator to a constant denoting, for the believer, whatever that term is supposed to denote for us.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Intelligence artificielle

Spanish

Save record 87

Record 88 1996-09-30

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
OBS

McCollam, L., Bonfini, L., Karlovich, C. A., Conway, B. R., Kozma, L., Banerjee, U., and Czech, M. P.(1995). Functional roles for the Pleckstrin and Dbl homology regions in the Ras exchange factor. Analysis of the Ras Exchange Factor Son of Sevenless. Science 268, 576-579(1995).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Biochimie
  • Génétique

Spanish

Save record 88

Record 89 1996-02-07

English

Subject field(s)
  • Bones and Joints
OBS

Kaplan, Emmanuel B. "Functional and Surgical Anatomy of the Hand", 2nd ed. Montreal, 1965, p. 36.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Os et articulations

Spanish

Save record 89

Record 90 1995-11-29

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Documents and Works
  • Library Science
OBS

prepared by Ann B : Piternick. Ottawa : National Library of Canada, 1984. 70 p.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de documents et d'œuvres
  • Bibliothéconomie
OBS

87 p.

Spanish

Save record 90

Record 91 1995-03-08

English

Subject field(s)
  • Internet and Telematics
DEF

Defined groups of Internet addresses with each class identifying networks of a certain size. The range of numbers that can be assigned for the first octet in the IP address is based on the address class. Class A networks(values 1-126) are the largest, with over 16 million hosts per network. Class B networks(128-191) have up to 65, 534 hosts per network, and Class C networks(192-223) can have up to 254 hosts per networks(G. Bean, Internet Server..., 1995, p. 403).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Internet et télématique

Spanish

Save record 91

Record 92 1995-02-22

English

Subject field(s)
  • Titles of Documents and Works
  • Water Transport
OBS

by Vincent B. Lamoureux. WHO, 1967. Source. WHO Publications Catalog, 1947-1979, p. 34

French

Domaine(s)
  • Titres de documents et d'œuvres
  • Transport par eau
OBS

Source. Catalogue de publications de l'OMS, 1947-1980, p. 76

Spanish

Save record 92

Record 93 1995-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Graphics
  • Telecommunications Transmission
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Video Technology
CONT

The MPEG standard is primarily a bitstream specification, although it also specifies a typical decoding process to assist in interpreting the bitstream specification. This approach supports data interchange, but it does not restrict creativity and innovation in the means for creating or decoding that bitstream. The bitstream architecture is based on a sequence of pictures, each of which contains the data needed to create a single displayable image. Note that the order of transmission of pictures in the data stream may not be the same as the order in which pictures will be displayed-this will be evident shortly. There are four different kinds of pictures, depending on how each picture is to be decoded : I pictures.... P pictures are predicted pictures, which are coded using motion compensation from a previous I or P picture. B pictures.... D pictures....

French

Domaine(s)
  • Infographie
  • Transmission (Télécommunications)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Vidéotechnique
DEF

Image codée en utilisant une prédiction compensée en mouvement à partir de l'image de référence antérieure.

CONT

Le débit numérique d'images vidéo compressées selon MPEG-1 a été fixé à 1,5 Mbits/s, compatible avec le taux de transfert des lecteurs de CD ROM, dans le but de développer des applications multimédia basées sur le stockage de séquences animées. Le format standard mais paramétrable des images est de 352 X 288 pixels, avec vidéo non entrelacée. [...] Trois statuts d'images ont donc été définis : - l'«intrapicture», (image de type I) qui est transmise dans sa totalité selon une compression identique à JPEG. Elle servira de référence pour le calcul des autres images et lors des accès aléatoires dans une lecture accélérée de type magnétoscope (notion de «keyframe» dans Quicktime); - la «predicted picture» (image de type P), ou image prédite, codée à partir des images complètes précédentes grâce aux vecteurs de mouvements des blocs 8 X 8 pixels et avec une correction d'erreur sur le contenu du bloc, environ une image sur trois; - l'image interpolée ou bi-directionnelle (image de type B) [...]

OBS

Vidéo.

Spanish

Save record 93

Record 94 1995-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Graphics
  • Telecommunications Transmission
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Video Technology
CONT

The MPEG standard is primarily a bitstream specification, although it also specifies a typical decoding process to assist in interpreting the bitstream specification. This approach supports data interchange, but it does not restrict creativity and innovation in the means for creating or decoding that bitstream. The bitstream architecture is based on a sequence of pictures, each of which contains the data needed to create a single displayable image. Note that the order of transmission of pictures in the data stream may not be the same as the order in which pictures will be displayed-this will be evident shortly. There are four different kinds of pictures, depending on how each picture is to be decoded : I pictures.... P pictures.... B pictures.... D pictures are a special format that is only used for implementing fast search modes.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Infographie
  • Transmission (Télécommunications)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Vidéotechnique
DEF

Image codée en utilisant uniquement ses propres informations. Parmi les coefficients DCT de sa représentation codée, seuls figurent les coefficients DC.

OBS

Vidéo.

Spanish

Save record 94

Record 95 1995-02-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Computer Graphics
  • Telecommunications Transmission
  • Audiovisual Techniques and Equipment
  • Video Technology
CONT

The MPEG standard is primarily a bitstream specification, although it also specifies a typical decoding process to assist in interpreting the bitstream specification. This approach supports data interchange, but it does not restrict creativity and innovation in the means for creating or decoding that bitstream. The bitstream architecture is based on a sequence of pictures, each of which contains the data needed to create a single displayable image. Note that the order of transmission of pictures in the data stream may not be the same as the order in which pictures will be displayed-this will be evident shortly. There are four different kinds of pictures, depending on how each picture is to be decoded : I pictures are intracoded, meaning that they are coded independent of any other picture. An I picture must exist at the start of any video stream and also at any random-access entry point in the stream. P pictures.... B pictures.... D pictures....

French

Domaine(s)
  • Infographie
  • Transmission (Télécommunications)
  • Audiovisuel (techniques et équipement)
  • Vidéotechnique
DEF

Image codée en utilisant uniquement ses propres informations.

CONT

Le débit numérique d'images vidéo compressées selon MPEG-1 a été fixé à 1,5 Mbits/s, compatible avec le taux de transfert des lecteurs de CD ROM, dans le but de développer des applications multimédia basées sur le stockage de séquences animées. Le format standard mais paramétrable des images est de 352 X 288 pixels, avec vidéo non entrelacée. [...] Trois statuts d'images ont donc été définis : - l'«intrapicture», (image de type I) qui est transmise dans sa totalité selon une compression identique à JPEG. Elle servira de référence pour le calcul des autres images et lors des accès aléatoires dans une lecture accélérée de type magnétoscope (notion de «keyframe» dans Quicktime); - la «predicted picture» (image de type P), ou image prédite, codée à partir des images complètes précédentes grâce aux vecteurs de mouvements des blocs 8 x 8 pixels et avec une correction d'erreur sur le contenu du bloc, environ une image sur trois; - l'image interpolée ou bi-directionnelle (image de type B) [...]

OBS

Vidéo.

Spanish

Save record 95

Record 96 1994-05-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Agricultural Chemicals
  • Soil Improvement and Fertilizer Management
DEF

An element in a fertilizer, other than N, P, K, that is essential to the proper growth of plants, e. g. Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, B.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Agents chimiques (Agriculture)
  • Fumure et amélioration du sol
DEF

Élément d'importance secondaire par rapport aux 3 éléments principaux (N, P, K); notamment le soufre, le magnésium et le calcium.

Spanish

Save record 96

Record 97 1994-05-13

English

Subject field(s)
  • Auditing (Accounting)
OBS

Source : Sawyer, Lawrence B. The Practice of Modern Internal Auditing. 2nd ed. Altamonte Springs(Fla.) : Institute of Internal Auditors, 1981, p. 144.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Vérification (Comptabilité)

Spanish

Save record 97

Record 98 1993-05-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Rights and Freedoms
CONT

the issue in this appeal is to determine whether pre-charge delay may be considered in determining whether a person charged with an offence has been tried within a reasonable time pursuant to section 11(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.(The Canadian Charter of Rights, 1987, Vol. I, p. 12-4)

French

Domaine(s)
  • Droits et libertés
DEF

période de temps qui s'écoule entre la commission de l'infraction et le dépôt de l'acte d'accusation.

CONT

La pertinence du délai pré-inculpation est évidemment d'importance fondamentale compte tenu surtout de l'obligation qu'elle risque d'imposer à tous ceux qui participent à l'enquête qui précède l'institution des procédures judiciaires. (Les garanties juridiques en vertu de la Charte, 1984, page 65)

OBS

«délai antérieur à l'accusation» : R. c. Kalanj, (1989) 1 R.C.S. 1594.

Spanish

Save record 98

Record 99 1992-11-27

English

Subject field(s)
  • Pipes and Fittings
CONT

With B/P coupling and the KIMAX portable glass cutter, you can cut and join 1 1/2" through 4" glass drainline anywhere one the jobsite.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Tuyauterie et raccords
CONT

Grâce aux accouplements B/P et au coupe verre KIMAX portable, il est possible de tronçonner et de raccorder des canalisations en verre de diamètres allant de 1 1/2 po à 4 po n'importe où sur le chantier.

Spanish

Save record 99

Record 100 1992-09-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Wind Instruments
DEF

an althorn in circular form sometimes used as a substitute for the French horn.

CONT

Tenor cor(in the U. S. A., mellophone) and ballad horn. These circular instruments are substitute and amateur horns of alto(F, E flat) or tenor(C, B flat) pitch brought out from c. 1860 onwards. The tenor cor, in France "cor alto", is intended to be easier to play on the march and by inexperted band boys....(Antony Baines, European and American Musical Instruments, 1966, p. 15).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Instruments de musique à vent
OBS

On retrouve "cor alto" dans deux ouvrages écrits par Anthony Baines soit dans "Brass Instruments, Their History and Development" (1976, p. 26) et dans "European and American Musical Instruments" (1966, p. 15).

Spanish

Save record 100

Copyright notice for the TERMIUM Plus® data bank

© Public Services and Procurement Canada, 2025
TERMIUM Plus®, the Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank
A product of the Translation Bureau

Display options

Change the order of display of the official languages of Canada
Option to display the non-official languages (Spanish or Portuguese)
Display definitions, contexts, etc., on records

Features

Language Portal of Canada

Access a collection of Canadian resources on all aspects of English and French, including quizzes.

Writing tools

The Language Portal’s writing tools have a new look! Easy to consult, they give you access to a wealth of information that will help you write better in English and French.

Glossaries and vocabularies

Access Translation Bureau glossaries and vocabularies.

Date Modified: