TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Deep belief networks(DBNs) are probabilistic models made up of multiple layers of hidden nodes. DBNs may be used to extract a hierarchical representation of training data sets. A DBN may be obtained by stacking up layers of restricted Boltzmann machines(RBMs).  1, record 1, English, - deep%20belief%20network

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

deep belief network; DBN : designations validated by Canadian subject-field experts from Concordia University, Dalhousie University, Laval University and Microsoft Canada.  2, record 1, English, - deep%20belief%20network

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

réseau de croyances profond : désignation validée par des spécialistes canadiens de l'Université Concordia, de l'Université Dalhousie, de l'Université Laval et de Microsoft Canada.  1, record 1, French, - r%C3%A9seau%20de%20croyances%20profond

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] una RBM [máquina de Boltzmann restringida] por sí sola está limitada en cuanto a lo que puede representar. Su verdadero poder se ve cuando se usan "apiladas" para formar una red de creencia profunda [...], un modelo generativo de varias capas. Aquí, cada capa contiene un conjunto de unidades binarias o con valores continuos, y están conectadas con todas las unidades de las capas adyacentes pero no entre las de una misma capa. A esta pila se le agrega una capa final que mapeará la última capa oculta con las unidades de salida.  1, record 1, Spanish, - red%20de%20creencia%20profunda

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A [deep belief network] may be obtained by stacking up layers of restricted Boltzmann machines(RBMs).  1, record 2, English, - restricted%20Boltzmann%20machine

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

restricted Boltzmann machine; RBM: designations validated by Canadian subject-field experts from Concordia University, Dalhousie University, Laval University and Microsoft Canada.  2, record 2, English, - restricted%20Boltzmann%20machine

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] une classe spécifique de réseaux de neurones, les machines de Boltzmann restreintes, ont émergé de l'apprentissage automatique comme une approche performante pour l'apprentissage de représentations utiles de données.  1, record 2, French, - machine%20de%20Boltzmann%20restreinte

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

machine de Boltzmann restreinte : désignation validée par des spécialistes canadiens de l'Université Concordia, de l'Université Dalhousie, de l'Université Laval et de Microsoft Canada.  2, record 2, French, - machine%20de%20Boltzmann%20restreinte

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La máquina de Boltzmann restringida (MBR) es uno de los modelos que más se utilizan en las arquitecturas profundas. [...] Una MBR es una red neuronal recurrente de conexiones simétricas, cuyas neuronas son activadas estocásticamente, y permite aprender regularidades complejas presentes en los datos de entrenamiento. La MBR cuenta con ciertas restricciones en sus conexiones y se forma por una capa de neuronas (binarias) ocultas y otra capa de neuronas visibles, que pueden tener valores binarios o reales.  2, record 2, Spanish, - m%C3%A1quina%20de%20Boltzmann%20restringida

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A belief that the human race can evolve beyond its current limitations, especially by the use of science and technology.  1, record 3, English, - transhumanism

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le transhumanisme s'appuie sur les avancées de l'intelligence artificielle et de la biologie pour promettre l'abolition de la vieillesse, des maladies et de la mort et l'apparition d'une nouvelle humanité.  2, record 3, French, - transhumanisme

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le transhumanisme constitue finalement une véritable économie de l'espoir autour de laquelle gravitent les plus importantes firmes économiques [...] ainsi qu'une multitude [d'entreprises en développement].  3, record 3, French, - transhumanisme

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The belief that economic outcomes derive primarily from factors beyond personal control, such as chance or fate.  1, record 4, English, - external%20economic%20locus%20of%20control

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a tendency to place more weight on information that corroborates an existing belief than information that contradicts or casts doubt on that belief.  2, record 5, English, - confirmation%20bias

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] tendance à donner plus de poids aux informations qui corroborent une opinion existante au détriment de celles qui la contredisent ou la mettent en doute[.]  1, record 5, French, - parti%20pris%20li%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20confirmation

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the difference between what the public thinks auditors do and what auditors actually do.  2, record 6, English, - knowledge%20gap

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This recognises that the public can sometimes misunderstand audit : for example, a belief that auditors are responsible for preventing corporate failure.  2, record 6, English, - knowledge%20gap

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] différence entre ce que le public pense que les auditeurs font et ce qu'ils font réellement.  2, record 6, French, - %C3%A9cart%20de%20connaissances

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] le public peut parfois se méprendre sur l'audit, par exemple en croyant que les auditeurs ont pour responsabilité de prévenir la faillite d'une entreprise.  2, record 6, French, - %C3%A9cart%20de%20connaissances

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Characterized by the belief(especially when viewed as irrational) in the goodwill of others or the pervasiveness of serendipity.  1, record 7, English, - pronoid

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the belief that problems can be solved simply and quickly with new technologies.  1, record 8, English, - technological%20solutionism

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] croyance selon laquelle tout problème serait soluble à l'aide de la technologie [...]  3, record 8, French, - solutionnisme%20technologique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The just world hypothesis... refers to the belief that the world is essentially a fair and just place where people get what they deserve...  2, record 9, English, - just%2Dworld%20hypothesis

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'hypothèse de la justice dans le monde : croyance répandue mais erronée selon laquelle le monde est par essence juste, les êtres bons étant récompensés et les êtres mauvais, punis.  2, record 9, French, - hypoth%C3%A8se%20du%20monde%20juste

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A failure to recognize the independence of chance events, leading to the mistaken belief that one can predict the outcome of a chance event on the basis of the outcomes of past chance events.  1, record 10, English, - gambler%26rsquo%3Bs%20fallacy

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] un biais cognitif joue un rôle clé dans ce basculement : l'illusion du parieur, qui lui fait croire que la chance doit forcément tourner un jour.  3, record 10, French, - erreur%20du%20joueur

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Belief logic is "logic" in an extended sense. Instead of studying what follows from what, our belief logic studies patterns of consistent believing and willing; it generates consistency norms that prescribe that we be consistent in various ways.  2, record 11, English, - belief%20logic

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Religious Bullying. Includes treating people badly because of their religious background or beliefs, making negative comments about a religious background or belief, calling someone names or telling jokes based on his or her religious beliefs in an effort to hurt them.  3, record 12, English, - religious%20bullying

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'intimidation religieuse comprend des comportements comme traiter une personne avec mépris en raison de ses croyances ou de son appartenance religieuse, parler en mal de croyances ou de groupes religieux, injurier l'autre en l'affublant de surnoms ou en faisant des blagues sur ses croyances religieuses.  3, record 12, French, - intimidation%20religieuse

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution [in 2022] sponsored by 60 Member-States of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation(OIC), which designated 15 March as the International Day to Combat Islamophobia. [In the resolution, the OIC] calls for a global dialogue on the promotion of a culture of tolerance and peace, based on respect for human rights and for the diversity of religions and belief.  1, record 13, English, - International%20Day%20to%20Combat%20Islamophobia

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[En 2022, les] 60 membres de l'Organisation de la coopération islamique (OCI) ont parrainé une résolution faisant du 15 mars la Journée internationale de lutte contre l'islamophobie. [Dans cette résolution, l'OCI] appelle à un dialogue mondial sur la promotion d'une culture de tolérance et de paix, fondée sur le respect des droits de l'homme et de la diversité des religions et des [croyances].  1, record 13, French, - Journ%C3%A9e%20internationale%20de%20lutte%20contre%20l%27islamophobie

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The tendency to be influenced by one’s knowledge about the world in evaluating conclusions and to accept them as true because they are believable rather than because they are logically valid.  2, record 14, English, - belief%20bias

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Belief bias occurs when real-world knowledge interferes with subject's reasoning.  3, record 14, English, - belief%20bias

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'idée que c'est vrai rend difficile la vérification logique et, la plupart du temps on ne questionne pas notre conclusion (biais de croyance).  2, record 14, French, - biais%20de%20croyance

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The problem is further compounded by the so-called blind spot bias... the general belief people have that they are less susceptible to bias than others...  2, record 15, English, - blind%20spot%20bias

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

S'estimer objectif – ou plus objectif qu'autrui – est un mirage si répandu qu'il porte son propre nom : biais d'angle mort.  2, record 15, French, - biais%20de%20l%27angle%20mort

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

As one of the most widely applied theories of health behavior..., the Health Belief Model(HBM) posits that six constructs predict health behavior : risk susceptibility, risk severity, benefits to action, barriers to action, self-efficacy, and cues to action... Originally formulated to model the adoption of preventive health behaviors in the United States, the HBM has been successfully adapted to fit diverse cultural and topical contexts...  2, record 16, English, - Health%20Belief%20Model

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Belief propagation algorithms are currently used in order to analyze systems which are modelled by networks. Whenever graph theory can be used to model information with nodes and connecting communications channels, the belief propagation algorithm can be used to infer information.  1, record 17, English, - belief%20propagation%20algorithm

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Techno-optimism [is] the belief that science and technology will be able to solve the major social and environmental problems of our times...  3, record 18, English, - technological%20optimism

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'optimisme technologique [...] sous-entend que pratiquement tous les problèmes peuvent être résolus par la technologie ou, du moins, par ses développements futurs.  1, record 18, French, - optimisme%20technologique

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The inference software is an application of Bayesian inference. An interpretation of statistics that expresses probabilities in terms of "degrees of belief. "  2, record 19, English, - inference%20software

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A statement about an entity of the real or conceptual world, whose validity is measured by a certainty factor.  2, record 20, English, - belief

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Beliefs help derive a conclusion from incomplete knowledge.  2, record 20, English, - belief

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

belief : designation and definition standardized by ISO in collaboration with the International Electrotechnical Commission.  3, record 20, English, - belief

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Énoncé relatif à une entité du monde réel ou conceptuel, dont la validité est caractérisée par un facteur de certitude.  2, record 20, French, - croyance

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les croyances permettent de tirer une conclusion à partir de connaissances incomplètes.  2, record 20, French, - croyance

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

croyance : désignation et définition normalisées par l'ISO en collaboration avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale.  3, record 20, French, - croyance

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... the policy or process whereby the distinctive identities of the cultural groups within ... a society are maintained or supported.  2, record 21, English, - multiculturalism

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Canadian multiculturalism is fundamental to our belief that all citizens are equal. Multiculturalism ensures that all citizens can keep their identities, can take pride in their ancestry and have a sense of belonging.  3, record 21, English, - multiculturalism

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Par le multiculturalisme, le Canada reconnaît le potentiel de tous les Canadiens et Canadiennes en les encourageant à s'intégrer à leur société et à participer activement à la vie sociale, culturelle, économique et politique.  2, record 21, French, - multiculturalisme

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As the vast majority of hate groups are white supremacist, a common belief among these groups is that the white race is supreme to all other races and should therefore maintain positions of power in the United States. These groups believe that whites are losing power and privilege through the actions of various minority groups... In attempts to maintain power for their race, white supremacist groups are known to vilify minorities and characterize them in derogatory ways.  2, record 22, English, - white%20supremacist%20group

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

supremacismo: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que el sustantivo "supremacismo" es válido para aludir a la corriente que cree en la preeminencia o la superioridad de aquello a lo que se aplica.  2, record 22, Spanish, - grupo%20que%20milita%20por%20el%20supremacismo%20blanco

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[In the United Kingdom, ] Rastafarianism is a philosophical belief protected by the religious discrimination regulations.... Employers will need to consider days off for Rastafarian festivals and whether and how to accommodate the practice of wearing hair in dreadlocks in appearance codes.  4, record 23, English, - Rastafarian

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Prohibition in Canada came about as a result of the temperance movement. It called for moderation or total abstinence from alcohol, based on the belief that drinking was responsible for many of society's ills.  2, record 24, English, - temperance%20movement

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La prohibition au Canada a été le résultat du mouvement de tempérance. Ce mouvement faisait appel à la modération ou à l'abstinence totale d'alcool, il était basé sur la conviction que l'alcool était responsable de nombreux maux de la société.  1, record 24, French, - mouvement%20de%20temp%C3%A9rance

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... a number of approaches have taken career counseling beyond job placement.... Clients are active participants in becoming aware of and exploring the variety of life roles(e. g., worker, family, relationship, learner). Acknowledging the synergy among the life roles and the belief system of the client marks a refreshing direction for career counseling.  1, record 25, English, - life%20role

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

life role: designation usually used in the plural.  2, record 25, English, - life%20role

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

rôle dans la vie : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  2, record 25, French, - r%C3%B4le%20dans%20la%20vie

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture. Part of ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups.  2, record 26, English, - ethnocentrism

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tendance à privilégier le groupe social auquel on appartient et à en faire le seul modèle de référence.  2, record 26, French, - ethnocentrisme

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tendencia emocional que hace de la cultura propia el criterio exclusivo para interpretar los comportamientos de otros grupos, razas o sociedades.  2, record 26, Spanish, - etnocentrismo

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cotonou, 5-6 June 1997.  2, record 27, English, - International%20Meeting%20of%20Experts%20on%20All%20Forms%20of%20Discrimination%20Based%20on%20Race%2C%20Nationality%2C%20Ethnic%20Origin%2C%20Religion%20or%20Belief%20or%20Any%20Other%20Factors%20in%20Africa%20South%20of%20the%20Sahara

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The belief... or doctrine that white people are inherently superior to people from all other racial and ethnic groups... and are therefore rightfully the dominant group in any society.  2, record 28, English, - white%20supremacy

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Doctrine ou idéologie qui postule la supériorité des personnes blanches.  3, record 28, French, - supr%C3%A9macisme%20blanc

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

suprématie blanche : L'emploi du nom «suprématie» dans cette désignation constitue une impropriété, puisque «suprématie» désigne une situation de dominance et non une doctrine ou une idéologie.  3, record 28, French, - supr%C3%A9macisme%20blanc

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

supremacismo: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que el sustantivo "supremacismo" es válido para aludir a la corriente que cree en la preeminencia o la superioridad de aquello a lo que se aplica.  1, record 28, Spanish, - supremacismo%20blanco

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The freedom to undertake practices and harbour beliefs, having a nexus with religion, in which an individual demonstrates they sincerely believe or are sincerely undertaking in order to connect with the divine or as a function of their spiritual faith, irrespective of whether a particular practice or belief is required by official religious dogma or is in conformity with the position of religious officials.  2, record 29, English, - freedom%20of%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The council of commissioners’ decision prohibiting G from wearing his kirpan to school infringes his freedom of religion.  3, record 29, English, - freedom%20of%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

freedom of religion: designation and definition officially approved by the Defence Terminology Standardization Board.  4, record 29, English, - freedom%20of%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

freedom of religion: designation used by Citizenship and Immigration Canada and the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB).  5, record 29, English, - freedom%20of%20religion

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Liberté de se livrer à des pratiques et d'entretenir des croyances ayant un lien avec une religion, pratiques et croyances que l'intéressé exerce ou manifeste sincèrement, selon le cas, dans le but de communiquer avec une entité divine ou dans le cadre de sa foi spirituelle, indépendamment de la question de savoir si la pratique ou la croyance est prescrite par un dogme religieux officiel ou conforme à la position de représentants religieux.  3, record 29, French, - libert%C3%A9%20de%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La décision du conseil des commissaires interdisant à G de porter son kirpan à l'école porte atteinte à sa liberté de religion.  4, record 29, French, - libert%C3%A9%20de%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

liberté de religion; liberté de culte : désignations et définition uniformisées par le Conseil de normalisation de terminologie de la défense.  5, record 29, French, - libert%C3%A9%20de%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

liberté de religion : désignation employée par Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada et la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié (CISR).  6, record 29, French, - libert%C3%A9%20de%20religion

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 3 OBS

liberté de culte : désignation employée par la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de réfugié (CISR).  6, record 29, French, - libert%C3%A9%20de%20religion

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The availability heuristic is a mental shortcut we use to estimate probability and risk. It's based on the belief that if we can remember an event easily, it must happen frequently.  2, record 30, English, - availability%20heuristic

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'heuristique de disponibilité décrit la tendance à évaluer la probabilité d'un événement en fonction de la facilité avec laquelle un événement similaire vient à l'esprit.  2, record 30, French, - heuristique%20de%20disponibilit%C3%A9

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Core beliefs are the very essence of how we see ourselves, other people, the world, and the future. Sometimes, these core beliefs become ’’activated’’ in certain situations.  2, record 31, English, - core%20belief

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Core beliefs are strongly held, rigid, and inflexible beliefs that are maintained by the tendency to focus on information that supports the belief and ignoring evidence that contradicts it.  2, record 31, English, - core%20belief

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les croyances fondamentales sont généralement inconscientes et elles représentent le niveau cognitif le plus profond. Il s'agit de conclusions absolues à propos de soi, des autres et du monde, à travers lesquelles l'individu perçoit et analyse son environnement. Elles se développent sur la base de l'interaction entre l'hérédité d'une personne et les évènements qu'il a vécus très tôt dans sa vie, et elles tendent à se maintenir de façon stable et rigide dans le temps.  2, record 31, French, - croyance%20fondamentale

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At the onset of rabbit hole syndrome, the individual may be skeptical of the type of information that society has discarded. For example, the belief that the world is flat. However, when they enter conspiracy circles and contact the people within them, the "contagion effect" occurs.  2, record 32, English, - rabbit%20hole%20syndrome

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble de symptômes caractérisant l'état d'une personne qui se coupe progressivement de la réalité en adhérant à diverses théories conspirationnistes.  1, record 32, French, - syndrome%20de%20la%20spirale%20conspirationniste

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

syndrome de la spirale conspirationniste : désignation et définition entérinées par le Comité de terminologie de Radio-Canada.  2, record 32, French, - syndrome%20de%20la%20spirale%20conspirationniste

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Belief operators play an important role in epistemic analyses of games. For any event, a belief operator determines the set of states where this event is(in some precise sense) believed.  2, record 33, English, - belief%20operator

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la logique doxastique [...] interprète l'opérateur modal comme un opérateur de croyance [...] offrant un formalisme pour représenter [...] les croyances [et raisonner à leur sujet].  1, record 33, French, - op%C3%A9rateur%20de%20croyance

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

When a given proposition is included in the databases of all the agents, the belief predicates will be omitted... The belief predicate is explicitly specified only when the meta-theory refers to the belief of a specific agent...  2, record 34, English, - belief%20predicate

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[White] nationalism expresses itself primarily as a sense of white entitlement. To put it succinctly it is the belief that, if [a person is] white and... not doing well, economically or [otherwise, they think that they] have every right to expect better precisely because [they] are white.  3, record 35, English, - white%20entitlement

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

entitlement :[The] belief that one is deserving of... certain privileges.  4, record 35, English, - white%20entitlement

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 PHR

sense of white entitlement  5, record 35, English, - white%20entitlement

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si hace cuatro años, la campaña presidencial estadunidense fue, esencialmente, un proyecto de reivindicación del hombre blanco en contra de sus privilegios perdidos, en 2020, lo que ha pegado con fuerza han sido las movilizaciones de reivindicación de las minorías en contra de la discriminación sufrida.  1, record 35, Spanish, - reivindicaci%C3%B3n%20del%20hombre%20blanco

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The Bahá’ís of Ottawa come from a variety of backgrounds, brought together by a common belief in the oneness of humanity and the unity of religion. We work alongside others to become a force of positive change, applying insights from the Bahá’í teachings to bring about a more just, peaceful and unified community.... The Ottawa Bahá’í community continues to gain a higher profile through its broader work for gender equality, human rights, peace, the environment, and interfaith relations.  1, record 36, English, - The%20Bah%C3%A1%26rsquo%3B%C3%AD%20Community%20of%20Ottawa

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les bahá'ís d'Ottawa viennent de divers horizons, réunis par une croyance commune dans l'unité de l'humanité et l'unité de la religion. Nous travaillons avec d'autres pour devenir une force de changement positif, en appliquant les enseignements bahá'ís pour parvenir à une communauté plus juste, pacifique et unifiée.  1, record 36, French, - La%20communaut%C3%A9%20bah%C3%A1%27%C3%ADe%20d%27Ottawa

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A belief that some covert but influential organization is responsible for a circumstance or event.  2, record 37, English, - conspiracy%20theory

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The more you see the world [as] full of malice and planning instead of circumstance and coincidence, the more likely you are to accept conspiracy theories of all kinds. Once you buy into the first theory, with its premises of coordination, efficacy, and secrecy, the next seems that much more plausible.  3, record 37, English, - conspiracy%20theory

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Terre est plate. Les vaccins causent l'autisme. [...] Plusieurs théories du complot circulent ces temps-ci [...]  2, record 37, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20du%20complot

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Une] politologue [...] croit que les théories du complot offrent des explications simples à des phénomènes complexes.  3, record 37, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20du%20complot

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A core belief of spiritualism is that individuals survive the deaths of their bodies by ascending into a spirit existence.  3, record 38, English, - spiritualism

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Science occulte fondée sur l'existence, les manifestations et l'enseignement des esprits [...]  2, record 38, French, - spiritisme

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A person holding any of the doctrines and ideas attributed to the Alexandrian biblical scholar and theologian Origen..., especially the belief that all moral beings, including the fallen angels, will ultimately be saved.  2, record 39, English, - Origenist

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Adepte de l'origénisme.  2, record 39, French, - orig%C3%A9niste

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les origénistes soutenaient que Jésus-Christ n'était fils de Dieu que par adoption, que l'âme est créée avant le corps, et que les supplices des démons auront une fin.  3, record 39, French, - orig%C3%A9niste

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Upon information and belief means "based on secondhand information that [the asserting party] believes to be true. "  4, record 40, English, - upon%20information%20and%20belief

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

An application for an authorization... shall be accompanied by an affidavit, which may be sworn on the information and belief of [a] peace officer or public officer or of any other peace officer or public officer...  2, record 40, English, - upon%20information%20and%20belief

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La demande d'autorisation [est accompagnée d']un affidavit [...] de tout autre agent de la paix ou fonctionnaire public, pouvant être fait sur la foi de renseignements tenus pour véridiques [...]  1, record 40, French, - fait%20sur%20la%20foi%20de%20renseignements%20tenus%20pour%20v%C3%A9ridiques

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We often talk about our belief that public servants can accomplish so much more as a community, especially one that crosses sectors, branches and professions. We have both seen how working as a community and through departmental networks fosters innovation and collaboration.  1, record 41, English, - departmental%20network

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nous parlons souvent de notre conviction que les fonctionnaires peuvent en faire tellement plus en tant que collectivité, en particulier une collectivité composée de représentants de divers secteurs, directions générales et professions. Nous avons vu que le fait de travailler en collectivité et par l'entremise de réseaux ministériels favorise l'innovation et la collaboration.  1, record 41, French, - r%C3%A9seau%20minist%C3%A9riel

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A general policy adopted in 1947 by the Truman Administration to build "situations of strength" around the globe in order to contain Communist power within its existing boundaries.  1, record 42, English, - containment%20policy

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Underlying the containment policy was a belief that, if Soviet expansion could be stopped, communism would collapse of its own internal weaknesses. The policy was first applied in the Truman Doctrine of 1947 in a program of military aid to Greece and Turkey.  1, record 42, English, - containment%20policy

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

containment: term extracted from the "Disarmament and Peace Keeping" glossary with the permission of the United Nations Office at Geneva.  4, record 42, English, - containment%20policy

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Stratégie diplomatique qui vise à circonscrire l'influence d'un adversaire, notamment dans les domaines militaire, diplomatique et idéologique.  3, record 42, French, - politique%20de%20l%27endiguement

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] Harry Truman se méfie de Staline. La possession de l'arme nucléaire le convainc qu'il est possible de dresser un barrage contre ses ambitions. L'aide à la Grèce et à la Turquie, le plan Marshall, le pacte atlantique, le réarmement de l'Allemagne occidentale entre autres marquent les étapes de cette politique dite de l'endiguement [...]  1, record 42, French, - politique%20de%20l%27endiguement

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

endiguement; refoulement politique : termes tirés du lexique «Désarmement et Maintien de la Paix» avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.  4, record 42, French, - politique%20de%20l%27endiguement

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 2 OBS

endiguement : désignation et définition publiées au Journal officiel de la République française le 15 septembre 2020.  5, record 42, French, - politique%20de%20l%27endiguement

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Systemic faithism refers to the ways that cultural and societal norms, systems, structures and institutions directly or indirectly, consciously or unwittingly, promote, sustain or entrench differential(dis) advantage for individuals and groups based on their faith(understood broadly to include religious and non-religious belief systems). Systemic faithism can adversely affect both religious and non-religious persons, depending on the context...  2, record 43, English, - systemic%20faithism

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'expression «(dés)avantages systémiques liés à la foi» fait référence aux façons dont les normes, structures, institutions et systèmes sociaux et culturels encouragent, maintiennent ou fixent profondément, de manière directe ou indirecte, consciente ou non, les (dés)avantages différentiels auxquels se heurtent des personnes et des groupes en raison de leur foi (prise dans son sens large qui inclut les systèmes de convictions religieuses et non religieuses). Les (dés)avantages liés à la foi peuvent avoir des effets préjudiciables sur des personnes croyantes ou non croyantes, selon le contexte [...]  1, record 43, French, - %28d%C3%A9s%29avantages%20syst%C3%A9miques%20li%C3%A9s%20%C3%A0%20la%20foi

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vaccine equity means that vaccines should be allocated equally across all countries, regardless of their developmental or economic status. Access to and allocation of vaccines should be based on principles grounded in the right of every human to enjoy the highest attainable standard of health without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic, or any other social condition.  2, record 44, English, - vaccine%20equity

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A religion developed among the ancient Hebrews and characterized by belief in one transcendent God who has revealed himself to Abraham, Moses, and the Hebrew prophets and by a religious life in accordance with Scriptures and rabbinic traditions.  1, record 45, English, - Judaism

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The belief that there is more than one god.  1, record 46, English, - polytheism

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conception philosophique ou religieuse qui admet une pluralité d'êtres divins.  1, record 46, French, - polyth%C3%A9isme

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Creencia en más de un dios.  1, record 46, Spanish, - polite%C3%ADsmo

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The belief that there is only one God.  1, record 47, English, - monotheism

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Croyance en un seul Dieu.  1, record 47, French, - monoth%C3%A9isme

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Creencia en un solo dios.  1, record 47, Spanish, - monote%C3%ADsmo

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Butterfly was formed by sex workers, social workers, legal and health professionals. It provides support to, and advocates for, … Asian and migrant sex workers. The organization is founded upon the belief that sex workers are entitled to respect and basic human rights. Butterfly asserts that, regardless of their immigration status, Asian and migrant sex workers should be treated like all other workers.  3, record 48, English, - Butterfly%20%28Asian%20and%20Migrant%20Sex%20Workers%20Support%20Network%29

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The emails, in any event, do not represent credible evidence, that is, evidence "reasonably capable of belief. "  2, record 49, English, - reasonably%20capable%20of%20belief

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En tout état de cause, les courriels ne représentent pas des éléments de preuve crédibles, c'est‑à‑dire des éléments de preuve «raisonnablement dignes de foi».  1, record 49, French, - raisonnablement%20digne%20de%20foi

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... the Azrieli Foundation has been funding institutions as well as operating programs in Israel and Canada since 1989. Driven by a strong belief in the powerful role... of philanthropy, the foundation empowers and assists tens of thousands of people by supporting a broad range of organizations, facilitating innovative outcomes, and increasing knowledge and understanding in the search for practical and novel solutions.  2, record 50, English, - Azrieli%20Foundation

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Inspired by Jewish values and the vision and resilience of [the organization’s] founder, David J. Azrieli ..., the [Azrieli Foundation’s] mission ... is to improve the lives of present and future generations through education, research, healthcare and the arts ... in Canada and [in] Israel.  3, record 50, English, - Azrieli%20Foundation

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] la Fondation Azrieli s'attache à poursuivre la réalisation de son projet en appuyant un grand nombre d'institutions et de programmes. Convaincue que la philanthropie a un rôle essentiel à jouer, la fondation aide depuis 1989 des dizaines de milliers d'individus à atteindre leur plein potentiel en apportant son soutien à une vaste gamme d'organisations, en favorisant l'émergence de résultats innovants et en stimulant l'évolution de la pensée et des savoirs dans sa quête de solutions pragmatiques et inédites.  2, record 50, French, - Fondation%20Azrieli

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Inspirée par les valeurs juives, ainsi que par l'esprit visionnaire et la ténacité de son fondateur David J. Azrieli [...], la Fondation Azrieli [...] a pour mission d'améliorer les vies des générations actuelles et futures à travers l'éducation, la recherche, la santé et les arts [...] au Canada et en Israël.  3, record 50, French, - Fondation%20Azrieli

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 51,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 51, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Explicit belief atoms are used to assess the truth of implicit belief atoms.  2, record 51, English, - explicit%20belief%20atom

Record 51,  Textual support,  French

Record 51,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 52,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For the solar park agent, we assume that sensor measurements relating to solar panel temperature, internal combiner temperature, frequency, voltage and current are... combined and their corresponding belief atoms are inserted into the belief base...  2, record 52, English, - belief%20atom

Record 52,  Textual support,  French

Record 52,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 52, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un átomo de creencia es un predicado de primer orden y sus negaciones son literales de creencia; un conjunto inicial de creencias es tan sólo una colección de átomos de creencia.  1, record 52, Spanish, - %C3%A1tomo%20de%20creencia

Record 53,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... an agent's explicit beliefs [comprise] all facts included in the agent's belief base...  2, record 53, English, - explicit%20belief

Record 53,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 53, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le chercheur] a proposé un début de solution pour le problème de l'omniscience logique [en] faisant intervenir des croyances explicites et des croyances implicites. L'idée consiste à dire qu'un agent a un petit ensemble de croyances explicites et un ensemble beaucoup plus grand (infini) de croyances implicites incluant les conséquences logiques des croyances explicites.  2, record 53, French, - croyance%20explicite

Record 53,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 54,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

We view a belief base as the collection of all beliefs explicitly held by some agent.  2, record 54, English, - belief%20base

Record 54,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 54, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quand un agent acquiert de nouvelles informations (par ses propres moyens de perception ou par des messages envoyés par d'autres agents), il met automatiquement à jour sa base de croyances.  2, record 54, French, - base%20de%20croyances

Record 54,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 55,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In general, belief functions are used as a way to model uncertainty where imprecision, or lack of knowledge has to be modelled explicitly.  2, record 55, English, - belief%20function

Record 55,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 55, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les fonctions de croyance sont de nos jours reconnues pour [ce qui est de] la modélisation d'informations incertaines.  2, record 55, French, - fonction%20de%20croyance

Record 55,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 56,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[An] agent's implicit beliefs [include] all facts deducible from the agent's belief base.  2, record 56, English, - implicit%20belief

Record 56,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[Le chercheur] a proposé un début de solution pour le problème de l'omniscience logique [en] faisant intervenir des croyances explicites et des croyances implicites. L'idée consiste à dire qu'un agent a un petit ensemble de croyances explicites et un ensemble beaucoup plus grand (infini) de croyances implicites incluant les conséquences logiques des croyances explicites.  2, record 56, French, - croyance%20implicite

Record 56,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 56, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Distingamos primero entre creencia conscientemente explícita y creencia implícita; y, correspondientemente, entre conocimiento conscientemente explícito y conocimiento implícito.  1, record 56, Spanish, - creencia%20impl%C3%ADcita

Record 57,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 57, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Explicit belief atoms are used to assess the truth of implicit belief atoms.  2, record 57, English, - implicit%20belief%20atom

Record 57,  Textual support,  French

Record 57,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 58,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The expectancy–value theory addresses whether or not children desire to participate in an activity and how much effort they are prepared to put into the activity. Thus, the theory consists of 2 major components, expectancy beliefs and subjective task values. Precisely, the level of persistence and performance in the activity is determined by their beliefs about how well they will perform the activity and values they attach to the activity. Beliefs about ability are defined as an individual’s beliefs about competence in performing or learning different achievement tasks and probability for success at a specific task.  1, record 58, English, - expectancy%20belief

Record 58,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[…] cette théorie propose que la persévérance et la performance découlent des attentes de réussite de l'étudiant quant à une tâche ainsi que de la valeur qu'il lui accorde. En d'autres mots, la personne évalue son potentiel de réussite de la tâche (attentes) et l'adéquation entre cette éventuelle réussite et les buts qu'elle poursuit (valeur de la tâche).  1, record 58, French, - attente%20de%20re%CC%81ussite

Record number: 58, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A l'intérieur de la théorie de l'efficacité personnelle, deux types d'attentes individuelles sont les construits (ou les composantes) majeurs de ce modèle théorique […] Les attentes d'efficacité personnelle consistent en des: «croyances concernant les capacités d'une personne à accomplir le comportement à un niveau désiré» […]  4, record 58, French, - attente%20de%20re%CC%81ussite

Record 58,  Textual support,  Spanish