TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Decision intelligence is defined as an engineering discipline that augments data science with theory from social science, decision theory and managerial science. Its application provides a framework for best practices in organisational decision-making and processes for applying machine learning at scale.  2, record 1, English, - decision%20intelligence

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'intelligence décisionnelle [...] est une discipline permettant de valoriser des informations existantes afin de prendre des décisions opérationnelles optimisées et pragmatiques [...] Les avancées technologiques récentes (intelligence artificielle notamment) permettraient d'utiliser ces données et d'en extraire des enseignements concrets, offrant ainsi aux décideurs une base de décision fiable.  2, record 1, French, - intelligence%20d%C3%A9cisionnelle

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rough set theory provides a feasible approach for decision rule extraction.  2, record 2, English, - decision%20rule%20extraction

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In decision theory, one of several possible prescriptions for making a decision under conditions of uncertainty; it prescribes the strategy that will maximize the maximum possible profit.  1, record 3, English, - maximax%20criterion

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Choix du gain maximal parmi les gains maximaux (critère optimiste). Ici on suppose que le meilleur va arriver. Pour appliquer ce critère le décideur doit trouver le gain maximal pour chaque stratégie et choisir alors le gain maximal parmi les gains maximaux possibles.  3, record 3, French, - crit%C3%A8re%20maximax

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Criterio de decisión que lleva a elegir la opción con el máximo resultado potencial, fijándose sólo en los resultados máximos posibles de cada opción.  1, record 3, Spanish, - criterio%20maximax

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Es característico de optimistas y aventureros, por contraposición al maximin.  1, record 3, Spanish, - criterio%20maximax

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

criterio maximax: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 3, Spanish, - criterio%20maximax

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In information theory, the amount by which the decision content exceeds the entropy. [Definition officially approved by GESC. ]  2, record 4, English, - redundancy

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

redundancy: term standardized by ISO; officially approved by the Government EDP (Electronic Data Processing) Standards Committee (GESC).  3, record 4, English, - redundancy

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En théorie de l'information, excès de la quantité de décision sur l'entropie. [Définition uniformisée par le CNGI.]  2, record 4, French, - redondance

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

redondance : terme normalisé par l'ISO; uniformisé par le Comité des normes gouvernementales en informatique (CNGI).  3, record 4, French, - redondance

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The manipulation of the environment to prevent crime taking into account that environment may cause crime.  2, record 6, English, - environmental%20criminology

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Urban planning and design, social planning, systems analysis and decision theory, governmental policies, and training in environmental criminology are discussed in the development of this concept that the environment, not the criminal justice system, is what must be reformed.  1, record 6, English, - environmental%20criminology

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

That concept was introduced in Canada by Mr. and Mrs. Brantingham.  2, record 6, English, - environmental%20criminology

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la gamme des outils analytiques de la criminologie environnementale (Brantingham et Brantingham, 1991).  2, record 6, French, - criminologie%20environnementale

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il s'agit de la théorie des opportunités criminogènes dans l'environnement.  1, record 6, French, - criminologie%20environnementale

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Analycentric policy analysis claims cognitive superiority over practice on the basis of the scientific logic and consistency built into analytical techniques such as cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–benefit analysis, statistical decision theory, and planning—programming—budgeting. The analycentric policy analyst relies on algorithms, filled with data and insights from secondary sources, either scientific or practical. His/her "value-added" ismerely to see to it that actual decision-making follows rigorousscientific canons of procedural rationality(Behn and Vaupel, 1982).  1, record 7, English, - analycentric%20policy%20analysis

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Analycentric policy analysis has been effectively criticised for its lack of political realism, and, in spite of its alleged procedural neutrality, its introduction of politically biased assumptions in the guise of "technicalities."  1, record 7, English, - analycentric%20policy%20analysis

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the period 1979-1985, the petroleum industry provides a unique test of the agency theory of corporate restructuring. Background material is provided on the industry's corporate restructuring, along with an elaboration of the free cash flow hypothesis that underlies the agency theory.... The exploration expenditure decision is specified as following from 3 models : a neoclassical investment model and pure and hybrid variants of free cash flow hypotheses.... The size of the parameter estimates implies that the free cash flow hypothesis does not fully explain the restructuring gains.  1, record 8, English, - free%20cash%20flow%20hypothesis

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... if one searches carefully, one may occasionally see evidence of the emerging view(Theory of strict liability for abnormally dangerous activities).... Mr. Justice Rand, of the Supreme Court of Canada, once based a decision on the "enhanced risk" involved in bringing water onto premises.  1, record 9, English, - enhanced%20risk

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] si on cherche bien, on peut découvrir un indice de la présence de cette nouvelle conception (théorie de la responsabilité stricte à l'égard d'activités anormalement dangereuses). [...] Le juge Rand de la cour suprême du Canada a déjà fondé une décision sur le "risque augmenté" qui entrait en jeu dans l'emmagasinage d'eau dans des locaux.  2, record 9, French, - risque%20augment%C3%A9

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The problem of taking into consideration species other than man in urban planning, opens up an innovative field of study both for natural sciences and planning. The numerous variables, their possible interdependence and their importance in the planning procedure in fact require an interdisciplinary approach(between urbanistic science, the natural sciences and applied mathematics) at least as far as the theory of systems and decision support processes are concerned.  1, record 11, English, - urbanistic%20science

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les «espaces libres» et les «plans d'aménagement et d'extension» sont d'emblée associés par certains, comme Forestier dès 1906 ou de Souza en 1908, à «l'idée anglaise de cities-jardins [sic]». La double enquête entreprise par la section d'hygiène en février et juin 1909 sur les «plans d'aménagement et d'extension» et sur «les cités-jardins à l'étranger» témoigne d'un lien désormais solidement établi. La cité-jardin devient alors un vecteur des revendications professionnelles des architectes et ingénieurs qui ont entrepris de promouvoir une nouvelle «science urbaniste» et se proposent d'intervenir à deux échelles liées entre elles : celle de la réalisation concrète de nouveaux quartiers et celle de la prévision globale et à long terme de la croissance urbaine.  2, record 11, French, - science%20urbaniste

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Wilde's theory is based on a cost-benefit model. He studied how people modify their hazard perception when safety systems are implemented. This process... states that people adjust their risk acceptance decision and their risk-taking behaviour towards their target level of perceived risk. Stating that people will behave more cautiously and accept fewer risks when they feel threatened, conversely, they will behave more daringly and accept higher levels of risk when they feel safe and secure.  1, record 12, English, - risk%20homeostatic%20theory

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le domaine de la sécurité routière, Wilde développe la théorie du risque homéostatique. Le sujet adapte son comportement en fonction de son niveau de risque préférentiel ou cible, c'est-à-dire le niveau de risque que le sujet pense pouvoir prendre. C'est une manière de considérer la sécurité comme un objet progressif. En effet, il ne suffit pas de rectifier des virages ou de réaménager un carrefour pour que le bilan soit positif. Un certain facteur de sécurité supplémentaire dans un domaine peut se révéler néfaste dans un autre domaine. Il faut plutôt travailler sur le niveau du risque cible.  1, record 12, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20du%20risque%20hom%C3%A9ostatique

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

D'une manière générale, selon M. Wilde, il est extrêmement difficile de diminuer le taux d'accidents, en vertu du principe du «risque homéostatique» : plus une route sera sûre, plus les automobilistes iront vite.  2, record 12, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20du%20risque%20hom%C3%A9ostatique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The study and application of mathematical techniques which provide a rational basis for choosing between alternative courses of action in situations of varying degrees of uncertainty.  3, record 13, English, - decision%20theory

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble d'hypothèses et d'idées dont le but est de découvrir les fondements rationnels de la prise de décision avec des degrés variables de certitude.  2, record 13, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

décision : en cybernétique, choix du comportement optimal en fonction des informations disponibles.  3, record 13, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Published in 1991 by the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade.  1, record 14, English, - New%20Research%20in%20Arms%20Control%20Verification%20Using%20Decision%20Theory%20%3A%20Site%20Selection%20for%20On%2DSite%20Inspection%20Under%20CFE%20I%20and%20Interactions%20Among%20Verification%20Methodologies

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Publié en 1991 par le ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Commerce international.  1, record 14, French, - New%20Research%20in%20Arms%20Control%20Verification%20Using%20Decision%20Theory%3A%20Site%20Selection%20for%20On%2DSite%20Inspection%20Under%20CFE%20I%20and%20Interactions%20Among%20Verification%20Methodologies

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fundamental differences between decision making as it has been studied using traditional decision theory, and as it occurs in socially-situated naturalistic settings. The resulting naturalistic decision theory has emphasized highly detailed, almost ethnographic, studies of decision processes in specific domains. This had resulted in dense data but primarily prose representations and analyses.  1, record 15, English, - traditional%20decision%20theory

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ainsi, les réflexions, menées au CREA3 sur les paradoxes de la rationalité, montrent que la théorie classique de la décision conduit à des résultats contre intuitifs et à des paradoxes, dès lors que l'on prend en compte les actions collectives, les représentations collectives et la façon dont les agents s'y réfèrent. Dès lors qu'une critique "interne" s'attaque à l'axiomatique du choix rationnel, elle peut être aussi dévastatrice pour l'économie dominante qu'une critique externe.  1, record 15, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20classique%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Statistical decision theory considers how best to make decisions in the face of uncertainty.  1, record 16, English, - statistical%20decision%20theory

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Séries statistiques simples : distribution d'échantillonnage, intervalle de confiance, théorie statistique de la décision.  1, record 16, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20statistique%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the traditional approaches... using decision theory and stochastic learning models have reached a dead end due to their oversimplified representation of learning. The reason for stochastic learning models failing as models of instruction is their lack of representing the content to be taught.  2, record 17, English, - stochastic%20learning%20model

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Description des changements observés dans le comportement au cours d'un apprentissage par des mécanismes modifiant les probabilités des réponses. Exemple: chaînes de Markov.  1, record 17, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20stochastique%20d%27apprentissage

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

CDT is applicable to a broad range of disciplines focusing on the issues involved with making the best possible decision based only on a limited amount of information.  1, record 18, English, - classical%20decision%20theory

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cette théorie postule qu'in individu peut étaler tous les choix qui s'offrent à lui et choisir celui qui correspond le mieux à ses fénalités et aux conséquences qu'il attend.  1, record 18, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20classique%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Behavioural decision theory and its application to consumer decision making. One such application is in services marketing where there are still many questions regarding how consumers evaluate and choose services, such as how variability in service outcome effects consumer choice.  1, record 19, English, - behavioural%20decision%20theory

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La détermination de la taille de l'échantillon est une question de base en statistique appliquée. Dans le contexte bayésien, cette condition est imposée sur la dispersion de la distribution à posteriori du paramètre alors qu'en théorie de la décision bayésienne elle porte sur l'ordre de grandeur de la valeur espérée de l'information d'échantillon (EVSI).  1, record 20, French, - th%C3%A9orie%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9cision%20bay%C3%A9sienne

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the decision in West Publishing Co. v. Mead Data Control... evokes the theory of unjustified enrichment, on which the sanction of parasitic acts can just as well be founded.  1, record 21, English, - parasitic%20act

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la décision West Publishing Co. c. Mead Data Control [...] évoque irrésistiblement la théorie de l'enrichissement sans cause, sur laquelle on peut tout aussi bien fonder la sanction des agissements parasitaires.  1, record 21, French, - agissement%20parasitaire

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The foregoing describes the four main types of evaluation methods used today. In recent years, a number of new evaluation methods have been promoted. Some, like the position analysis questionnaire(PAQ) method are statistically based. Using computers to determine the evaluation of a job on a pre-developed program. Others like the "time span of discretion" and the "decision band theory" are unidimensional.  2, record 22, English, - decision%20band%20theory

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The overly theory defines multiple sources of evidence available to the diagnostic module for its update of the overlay model :(Implicit evidence) is derived from a comparison of the student's behavior with the expert's decision, and is the kind used in WEST's differential model. It requires the ability to relate a given behavior to a specific set of skills.  1, record 23, English, - implicit%20evidence

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Antonyme d'évidence explicite.  1, record 23, French, - %C3%A9vidence%20implicite

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A new theory was used when damages were awarded to the purchaser of a used Oldsmobile when the transmission broke down causing a wreck a few days after purchase. The court based its decision on a warranty contained in a "certificate of mechanical fitness", given pursuant to the Highways Traffic Act that read :"We hereby certify that the... vehicle is in a safe condition to be operated on a highway. "  1, record 24, English, - certificate%20of%20mechanical%20fitness

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On a fait appel à une nouvelle théorie dans un cas où l'acheteur d'une Oldsmobile d'occasion a obtenu des dommages-intérêts après qu'une transmission défectueuse eut causé un accident quelques jours seulement après l'achat. Le tribunal s'est fondé sur la garantie figurant au "certificat de bon état" délivré en vertu du Code de la route et se lisant comme suit : "Nous attestons par la présente que le véhicule est en état d'être conduit en sécurité sur la route".  2, record 24, French, - certificat%20de%20bon%20%C3%A9tat

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Description of how decision making ought to be carried out.(See also Descriptive Decision Theory.)  1, record 25, English, - prescriptive%20decision%20theory

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A description of how decision making is actually carried out.(See also Prescriptive Decision Theory.)  1, record 26, English, - descriptive%20decision%20theory

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

McGregor's theory that behind every management decision is a set of assumptions that a manager makes about human behavior. The Theory X manager assumes that people are lazy, dislike work, want no responsibility, and prefer to be closely directed. The Theory Y manager assumes(...) [the contrary].  1, record 27, English, - Theory%20X%20%2D%20Theory%20Y

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish