TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique for separating molecules based on their differential mobility in an electric field.  3, record 1, English, - electrophoresis

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The principles of electrophoresis ... can be simply stated as the acceleration of charged particles in an electric field; this is opposed by friction due to passage through the surrounding medium such that the particles move at a constant speed proportional to their charge.  4, record 1, English, - electrophoresis

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Electrophoresis] is used routinely to separate the protein fractions of serum, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid; to separate serum lipoproteins; to separate the lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzymes; and to detect hemoglobin variants. It is also used in conjunction with immunodiffusion to separate proteins and identify them by antigenic differences.  3, record 1, English, - electrophoresis

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Agarose gel, gel, paper, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.  5, record 1, English, - electrophoresis

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technique physicochimique permettant la séparation de diverses substances contenues dans un mélange, grâce à leur différence de mobilité sous l'influence d'un champ électrique (courant continu) [...]  3, record 1, French, - %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[La] mobilité [des molécules], en présence d'une solution tampon de pH déterminé, est fonction, suivant le support utilisé, de la taille, de la forme, et surtout de la charge électrique de ces molécules.  3, record 1, French, - %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Électrophorèse continue, sur gel, sur gel d'agarose, sur gel de polyacrylamide, sur papier, sur support.  4, record 1, French, - %C3%A9lectrophor%C3%A8se

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Método de fraccionamiento molecular basado en diferencias de movilidad en un campo eléctrico que es función de la carga de la molécula.  2, record 1, Spanish, - electroforesis

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

D55.0: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 2, English, - anemia%20due%20to%20glucose%2D6%2Dphosphate%20dehydrogenase%20deficiency

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

D55.0 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 2, French, - an%C3%A9mie%20due%20%C3%A0%20une%20carence%20en%20glucose%2D6%2Dphosphate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The histochemical assay for SDH [succinate dehydrogenase] is used to distinguish between oxidative and nonoxidative(actually, "less" oxidative) fibers. Recall that fibers with a high oxidative capacity generate ATP [adenosine triphosphate] via oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. It follows that muscle cells which contain more mitochondria will have a higher oxidative capacity.  2, record 3, English, - oxidative%20capacity

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mesure de l'aptitude du muscle à utiliser l'oxygène.  2, record 3, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20oxydative

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Category of enzyme immunoassays that include enzyme-labeled hapten assays wherein active enzyme-hapten conjugates are modulated on binding of hapten-specific antibody to the complex.  3, record 4, English, - homogeneous%20enzyme%20immunoassay

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In homogeneous EIA, continuous assays are done. The enzymes most frequently used are glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase...  4, record 4, English, - homogeneous%20enzyme%20immunoassay

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'application des épreuves immunoenzymatiques au diagnostic de diverses infections virales d'importance médicale est discutée ainsi que différentes façons d'augmenter leur spécificité et de diminuer les réactions croisées. [...] On peut aussi s'attendre à la mise au point d'épreuves immunoenzymatiques homogènes permettant d'éliminer la phase solide de coût élevé, et qui rendront ce type d'épreuve encore plus rapide.  1, record 4, French, - %C3%A9preuve%20immunoenzymatique%20homog%C3%A8ne

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A constituent enzyme of the TCA cycle found in mitochondria of all aerobic cells. It contains FAD as a prosthetic group and requires no separate coenzyme. The enzyme catalyzes the formation of fumaric acid from succinic acid, coupled to the reduction of FAD.  1, record 5, English, - succinate%20dehydrogenase

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme catalysant la déshydrogénation du succinate en fumarate. Le système enzymatique le plus simple capable d'oxyder le succinate, en portant les hydrogènes sur un accepteur artificiel (phénazine-méthosulfate), a été isolé de membranes internes des mitochondries sous forme d'une ferroflavoprotéine à FAD et à fer non héminique.  2, record 5, French, - succinate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'inhibition compétitive existe pour tous les enzymes. Un analogue structural du substrat, non métabolisable, est en général un inhibiteur compétitif. On peut citer l'exemple de la succinodéshydrogénase, inhibée par divers analogues structuraux de l'acide succinique (qui n'en diffèrent que par le nombre de maillons -- CH₂-- compris entre les 2 groupements carboxyliques).  3, record 5, French, - succinate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"Succinodéhydrase" est un terme vieilli à éviter.  2, record 5, French, - succinate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class (EC 1.1.1.14) that catalyzes the reaction L-iditol + NAD+ L-sorbose + NADH. It also acts on D-sorbitol, giving D-fructose.  1, record 6, English, - sorbitol%2Ddehydrogenase

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The enzyme occurs in significant quantities only in the liver, with very small amounts also present in the prostate and kidneys.  1, record 6, English, - sorbitol%2Ddehydrogenase

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate.  3, record 7, English, - lactate%20dehydrogenase

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Isozyme qui se présente chez les mammifères, sous 5 formes moléculaires résultant de 5 combinaisons possibles en proportions variables de 2 sous-unités A et B.  3, record 7, French, - lacticod%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzima que se encuentra en la sangre cuya función está relacionada con la oxigenación.  1, record 7, Spanish, - lactato%20deshidrogenasa

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 8, English, - malic%20dehydrogenase

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 8, French, - d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase%20malique

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 9, English, - glucose%2D6%2Dphosphate%20dehydrogenase

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 9, French, - glucose%2D6%2Dphosphate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 10, English, - glucose%20dehydrogenase

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 10, French, - glucose%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 11, English, - glutamate%20dehydrogenase

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 11, French, - glutamate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Aldehyde dehydrogenases are a group of enzymes that catalyse the oxidation (dehydrogenation) of aldehydes. Multiple forms exist in mammals in the cytosol, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. They have been classified as Class 1 (cytosolic), Class 2 (mitochondrial) and Class 3 (tumour and other isozymes).  3, record 12, English, - aldehyde%20dehydrogenase

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Aldehyde dehydrogenases are] isoenzymes important in cell defence against both exogenous and endogenous aldehydes.  4, record 12, English, - aldehyde%20dehydrogenase

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Fatty, liver mitochondrial, long-chain, mammalian aldehyde dehydrogenase.  5, record 12, English, - aldehyde%20dehydrogenase

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les aldéhydes déshydrogénases sont des flavoprotéines hépatiques qui captent les aldéhydes et les oxydent en acides. Il existe plusieurs isoenzymes catalysant ces réactions, dans le cytoplasme ou les mitochondries de nombreuses cellules : foie, rein, cerveau, globules rouges. Au cours de l'oxydation de l'acétaldéhyde, un coenzyme NAD⁺ est encore réduit, et l'acide acétique produit est lié au coenzyme A par une liaison riche en énergie. L'acétyl-CoA issu de ce métabolisme pénètre dans la mitochondrie devient un substrat du cycle de Krebs.  5, record 12, French, - ald%C3%A9hyde%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El fármaco más usado en Chile para el tratamiento del alcoholismo es el disulfiram, cuyo efecto se basa en inactivar covalentemente la deshidrogenasa aldehídica (ALDH), enzima que elimina el acetaldehído producido en el metabolismo del etanol.  2, record 12, Spanish, - deshidrogenasa%20aldeh%C3%ADdica

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The terminology used to describe the structure of multisubunit enzymes is as follows. A protein composed of a number of subunits is called an oligomeric protein, or an oligomer. The subunits building the oligomeric structure are referred to as protomers, monomers, or subunits... Some regulatory proteins are composed of identical subunits such as in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, or from nonidentical subunits as in the case of hemoglobin... Most oligomeric proteins are composed of a small number of subunits which form closed oligomeric structures that rarely contain more than 12 subunits... Minor changes in primary structure... result in the formation of additional intramolecular intersubunit electrostatic or hydrophobic bonds. Even a small number of these bonds can drastically increase the stability of subunit enzymes.  2, record 13, English, - multisubunit%20enzyme

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Certaines enzymes sont constituées d'une seule chaîne polypeptidique; il s'agit le plus souvent d'enzymes sécrétées telle la ribonucléase par exemple. D'autres, en beaucoup plus grand nombre, sont formées de plusieurs chaînes (ou sous-unités) identiques ou différentes. Lorsque les enzymes comprennent des sous-unités identiques, chacune des chaînes est bien entendu porteuse d'un centre actif : une enzyme tétramérique a 4 centres actifs. Dans cette catégorie on trouve les enzymes allostériques (qui représentent 10-20 % des enzymes à structure quaternaire).  1, record 13, French, - enzyme%20oligom%C3%A8re

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Class of enzymes in which a covalent thioester bond is formed between an acyl roup of the substrate and the sulfhydryl group of a specific cysteine residue in the active site of the enzyme. These include glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase and the proteolytic enzyme papain.  2, record 14, English, - cysteine%20class

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Classe d'enzymes dans laquelle il y a formation d'une liaison thioester covalente entre un groupement acyle du substrat et le groupement sulfhydryle d'un résidu cystéine spécifique au site actif de l'enzyme.  2, record 14, French, - classe%20des%20enzymes%20%C3%A0%20cyst%C3%A9ine

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Distinct polypeptide chain in which lies the domain accommodating the catalytic site of complex enzymes. It is completely separated from the domain building up the binding site for the regulatory effector(s). From an evolutionary viewpoint, it is probable that gene fusion did occur in most cases rather than that originally continuous polypeptide chains have separated. In some oligomeric enzymes the allosteric site may have appeared as a result of gene duplication, e. g. in glutamate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, whereas in others by acquisition of a foreign structural gene, e. g. the NAD-binding domain in glycogen phosphorylase. However, in present day complex enzymes the catalytic and regulatory protein units remained separate, but associable, entities.  2, record 15, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ATCase of E. coli has ... a molecular weight of about 310,000 but can be dissociated by treatment with mercurial reagents to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits. Each of the two catalytic subunits has a molecular weight of about 100,000 and contains three polypeptide chains of molecular weight 34,000 called C chains. Each catalytic subunit contains three binding sites for the substrate aspartate, one on each of the three C chains. The catalytic subunits have enzymatic activity but are not sensitive to the modulator CTP.  3, record 15, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque la molécule native d'ATCase est dissociée en un mélange de ses sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices, ce mélange fait toujours montre d'activité catalytique, mais la réaction n'est pas inhibée par le CTP tant que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices sont séparées les unes des autres. Pour que l'inhibition par le CTP puisse avoir lieu, il faut que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices soient physiquement associées dans la molécule oligomérique d'ATCase intacte.  1, record 15, French, - sous%2Dunit%C3%A9%20catalytique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Enzymes are commonly used in clinical and research laboratories in coupled enzyme systems to determine the activity of another enzyme. Ex : the enzyme to be assayed, asparate aminotransferase, produces oxaloacetate which is a substrate for the second enzyme, malate dehydrogenase. This oxidizes its other substrate, reduced NAD, so that the reaction is readily followed by the decrease in extinction at 340 nm. If the assay is to be accurate the oxaloacetate must not accumulate; only if it is used as soon as it is formed will the rate of formation of NAD be a true measure of the activity of asparate aminotransferase. Since the second enzyme has to function with a minute substrate concentration, a great excess has to be present in the assay mixture.  1, record 16, English, - coupled%20enzyme%20system

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It has been calculated that even with a 100-fold excess of the second enzyme, compared to the first, there was likely to be a 4% error in the initial rate measurements. Thus these coupled enzyme systems are likely to be very expensive, and it is essential that the second enzyme be free from any contaminating activities that might interfere.  2, record 16, English, - coupled%20enzyme%20system

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les réactions enzymatiques couplées peuvent servir au dosage du substrat S ou du produit P d'une enzyme ou encore à la mesure de l'activité d'une enzyme. Par exemple lorsque l'enzyme E, dont on mesure l'activité, n'est pas une déshydrogénase à NAD [exposant+] ou NADP [exposant+], et que ni le substrat S, ni le produit P ne possèdent de propriétés spectrales particulières, on couple la première réaction à une deuxième, catalysée par une déshydrogénase dont P est le substrat. Dans certaines conditions, mesurer l'activité de la deuxième équivaut à mesurer l'activité de la première. La deuxième réaction est dite «réaction indicatrice» de la première, appelée «réaction principale».  2, record 16, French, - r%C3%A9action%20enzymatique%20coupl%C3%A9e

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans ces conditions la réaction principale est limitante pour la seconde, les vitesses des deux réactions sont alors égales. Pour cela, le NADH, H (exposant+] doit être en large excès et l'activité potentielle de E₂ doit être grandement supérieure à celle de E₁ (environ cent fois plus).  1, record 16, French, - r%C3%A9action%20enzymatique%20coupl%C3%A9e

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Triggered conformational changes ... are the motions of groups of atoms (i.e. individual side-chains) or whole sections of a protein (i.e. loops of chain, domains of secondary and tertiary structure, or subunit), which occur as a response to a specific stimulus. The distance moved can be as much as 10 [angstrom unit] or more. The time scale can be estimated by studies of the rate of binding or turnover reactions. The energy for triggered conformational change comes from specific interactions, such as electrostatic attractions or hydrogen bonding interactions. The best-known example of a triggered conformational change is the transition in tertiary structure that occurs when ligands bind to the iron atoms of hemoglobin.  1, record 17, English, - triggered%20conformational%20change

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The types of substances whose binding can trigger a specific conformational change include substrates(dihydroxyacetone phosphate in triose phosphate isomerase), coenzymes(NAD binding to lactate dehydrogenase), allosteric effectors(CTP and ATP in aspartic transcarbamylase), inhibitors(statine-containing polypeptide inhibitors of acid proteases) and even protons(the Bohr effect in hemoglobin; pH-dependent conformational changes in adenylate kinase).  1, record 17, English, - triggered%20conformational%20change

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Modification de la conformation des protéines provoquée par la fixation de ligands à leur surface. Parmi ces ligands, notons les substrats, activateurs, inhibiteurs et coenzymes.  2, record 17, French, - changement%20de%20conformation%20prot%C3%A9ique%20induit

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A chemical compound that have [its] atoms bonded together in the same sequence.  2, record 18, English, - stereoisomer

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Their molecules differ only in the spatial positions of their atoms.  2, record 18, English, - stereoisomer

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

It is the absolute stereospecificity of many enzymes that is specially remarkable, since man-made catalysts are generally unable to select one of a pair of stereoisomers. Other stereospecific enzymes are lactate dehydrogenase, specific for the L stereoisomer of lactate, and D-amino acid oxidase, specific for the D stereoisomer of various amino acids.  3, record 18, English, - stereoisomer

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forme chimique, molécule qui est en relation de stéréo-isomérie avec une autre.  3, record 18, French, - st%C3%A9r%C3%A9o%2Disom%C3%A8re

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette isomérie résulte de la disposition différente dans l'espace des atomes ou des radicaux d'une molécule; il existe, de ce fait, deux isomères, dont l'un est l'image de l'autre dans un miroir. La stéréo-isomérie s'accompagne de pouvoir rotatoire.  3, record 18, French, - st%C3%A9r%C3%A9o%2Disom%C3%A8re

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un cas particulier de spécificité de substrat est la spécificité stéréochimique. La plupart des substances d'intérêt biochimique sont optiquement actives et, en conséquence, peuvent exister sous deux formes stéréo-isomères (antipodes optiques) droite et gauche. Il existe également des exemples de spécificité cis-trans absolue et relative.  4, record 18, French, - st%C3%A9r%C3%A9o%2Disom%C3%A8re

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases... are dehydrogenase enzymes which convert acetaldehyde into acetic acid. The oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetate can be summarized as follows : CH₃CHO + NAD⁺ + CoA=acetyl-CoA + NADH + H⁺.  2, record 19, English, - acetaldehyde%20dehydrogenase

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Aldehyde dehydrogenases have a broad substrate specificity. Oxidation of aldehydes is considered to be generally a detoxification reaction, removing the electrophilic products of alcohol oxidation. For example, alcohol dehydrogenase oxidizes ethanol to acetaldehyde, responsible for some "hangover" symptoms, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase detoxifies this to acetic acid.  3, record 19, English, - acetaldehyde%20dehydrogenase

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'acétaldéhyde déshydrogénase [...] est une enzyme du groupe des déshydrogénases qui convertit l'acétaldéhyde en acide acétique. L'oxydation de l'acétaldéhyde en acétate peut se résumer ainsi : CH₃3CHO + NAD⁺ CoA = + acétyl-CoA + NADH + H⁺.  5, record 19, French, - ac%C3%A9tald%C3%A9hyde%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'alcool est métabolisé en acétaldéhyde par l'alcool-déshydrogénase, puis en acétate par l'acétaldéhyde-déshydrogénase.  6, record 19, French, - ac%C3%A9tald%C3%A9hyde%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A hemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant by persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient erythrocytes.  1, record 20, English, - favism

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une maladie héréditaire, liée à un déficit en glucose 6 phosphate deshydrogénase, peut déclencher une amoxie. Elle est surtout fréquente dans le bassin méditerranéen. On lui a donné le nom de favisme car l'anoxie peut être déclenchée par l'ingestion de fèves; on observe une anémie aiguë par hémolyse (irruption de l'hémoglobine dans le plasma).  1, record 20, French, - favisme

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... Cytotoxicity was determined either by chromium release assay or colorimetrically by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release from the cytosol, using the LDH [lactate dehydrogenase] release cytotoxicity detection kit.  1, record 21, English, - chromium%20release%20assay

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] L'activité fonctionnelle cytotoxique (LTC) est étudiée par la technique conventionnelle de relargage au chrome et par les techniques alternatives (Elispot et tétramères) nouvellement développées.  2, record 21, French, - %C3%A9preuve%20de%20relargage%20au%20chrome

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... Cytotoxicity was determined either by chromium release assay or colorimetrically by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release from the cytosol, using the LDH [lactate dehydrogenase] release cytotoxicity detection kit.  1, record 22, English, - chromium%20release%20assay

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] L'activité fonctionnelle cytotoxique (LTC) est étudiée par la technique conventionnelle de relargage au chrome et par les techniques alternatives (Elispot et tétramères) nouvellement développées.  2, record 22, French, - %C3%A9preuve%20de%20relargage%20au%20chrome

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An enzyme involved in plant respiration.  4, record 23, English, - malic%20acid%20dehydrogenase

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The capital letter "S" between parentheses must be italicized.  3, record 23, English, - malic%20acid%20dehydrogenase

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Diastase intervenant dans le mécanisme de respiration des plantes.  3, record 23, French, - malate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

MDH : abréviation non officielle; ne pas l'utiliser seule, pour éviter tout risque de confusion.  2, record 23, French, - malate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 3 OBS

La lettre majuscule «S» entre parenthèses s'écrit en italique.  2, record 23, French, - malate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

any of various enzymes that accelerate the removal of hydrogen from metabolites and its transfer to other substances (as diphosphopyridine nucleotide) and thus play an important role in biological oxidation-reduction processes ...  3, record 24, English, - dehydrogenase

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme (oxydoréductase) qui catalyse les réactions d'oxydo-réduction en effectuant le transfert d'hydrogène d'une molécule à une autre.  4, record 24, French, - d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzima óxido-reductasa que cataliza la transferencia de hidrógeno entre dos sustratos, uno de los cuales es un nucleótido de piridina o flavina.  3, record 24, Spanish, - deshidrogenasa

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Maple syrup urine disease(MSUD). This disorder, also called branched-chain a-ketoaciduria, derives its name from the burnt-sugar smell of affected infants. MSUD is caused by impaired branched chain a-ketoacid dehydrogenase, which catalyzes decarboxylation of the a-ketoacid derivatives of all three of these amino acids.  1, record 26, English, - maple%20syrup%20urine%20disease

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Maladie héréditaire à transmission autosomique récessive, liée à un déficit de l'enzyme catalysant la décarboxylation oxydative des cétoacides dérivant des acides ramifiés (leucine, isoleucine et valine).  3, record 26, French, - maladie%20des%20urines%20%C3%A0%20odeur%20de%20sirop%20d%27%C3%A9rable

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde.  3, record 28, English, - alcohol%20dehydrogenase

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme qui transforme l'alcool en acétaldéhyde.  6, record 28, French, - alcool%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À l'enzyme qui catalyse l'oxydation de l'alcool en aldéhyde [...] on donne le nom d'alcool-déshydrogénase selon la nomenclature commune et d'alcool - NADP+ - oxydo-réductase selon la nomenclature systématique.  7, record 28, French, - alcool%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reduction of oxaloacetic acid to malic acid in a reaction linked to the oxidation-reduction of NAD.  2, record 29, English, - malate%20dehydrogenase

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Because of technical constraints, the formula(s) given in CBT-167 could not be reproduced.  3, record 29, English, - malate%20dehydrogenase

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme catalysant la réaction de déshydrogénation du L-malate en oxaloacétate.  2, record 29, French, - malate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme that catalyzes the second dehydrogenation step of the pentose phosphate pathway.  1, record 31, English, - 6%2Dphosphogluconate%20dehydrogenase

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

enzyme présent dans tous les tissus et dont l'action nécessite la présence de Mg⁺⁺, catalyse la deuxième oxydation de la voie des pentose-phosphates, voie qui permet la formation du NADPH nécessaire aux biosynthèses réductrices.  1, record 31, French, - phospho%2D6%2Dgluconate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamic acid to [alpha]-ketoglutaric (oxoglutaric) acid and ammonia, coupled with the reduction of NAD(P). It is found in the mitochondria of most cells, and is involved in the deamination and transamination of amino acids.  3, record 32, English, - glutamate%20dehydrogenase

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme à NAD ou à NADP selon les organismes, qui catalyse l'interconversion entre l'acide glutamique et l'acide [alpha]-cétoglutarique par désamination oxydative ou amination réductrice.  2, record 32, French, - glutamate%20d%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase,... transfers electrons from lactate to the oxidized form of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD⁺, to yield pyruvate, the reduced coenzyme NADH, and a proton.... The reduced form of the coenzyme, NADH, absorbs light in the ultraviolet at 340 nm; whereas the oxidized form NAD⁺, the lactate, and the pyruvate do not. Thus the progress of the reaction in the forward direction can be followed by measuring the increase in light absorption of the system at 340 nm in a spectrophotometer.  4, record 33, English, - nicotinamide%20adenine%20dinucleotide

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Coenzyme essentiel au métabolisme cellulaire intervenant dans les mécanismes d'oxydo-réduction (glycolyse, oxydations respiratoires terminales, réductions de l'azote) en agissant comme agent de transfert d'hydrogène et d'électrons.  3, record 33, French, - nicotinamide%20ad%C3%A9nine%20dinucl%C3%A9otide

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Determination of blood groups in the various systems : ABO, phosphoglucomutase, esterase D, erythrocyte acid phosphatase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase.  1, record 34, English, - erythrocyte%20acid%20phosphatase

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Système de classification du sang  1, record 34, French, - acide%20%C3%A9rythrocyte%20phosphorique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Product dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase component of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase : dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase component of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.  1, record 35, English, - alpha%2Dketoglutarate

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Acide aminé issu du glutarate et produit du cycle de Krebs.  2, record 35, French, - a%2Dc%C3%A9toglutarate

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Muscle enzyme related to energy supply.  1, record 36, English, - triosephosphate%20dehydrogenase

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enzyme musculaire associée à la production d'énergie.  1, record 36, French, - triose%2Dphosphate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Muscle enzyme related to energy supply.  1, record 37, English, - glycerol%2D3%2Dphosphate%20dehydrogenase

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Enzyme musculaire associée à la production d'énergie.  1, record 37, French, - %C3%93%5Balpha%5D%2Dglyc%C3%A9rophosphate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde in the liver by the action of cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase, which uses NAD as acceptor...  1, record 38, English, - cytosolic

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'éthanol est oxydé en acétaldéhyde dans le foie par l'action de l'alcool déshydrogénase cytosolique, qui utilise du NAD comme accepteur (...)  1, record 38, French, - cytosolique

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the immobilized enzyme system, glucose-6-phosphate(G-6-P) produced by the first enzyme reaction, hexokinase, is immediately oxidized by the second enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, at a location close to the first one... This is a good example where diffusion resistance is efficiently utilized, and it suggests that the location of enzymes within cells significantly affects the enzyme reaction rate.... When the activity ratio of HK and G-6-PDH is small, the difference between immobilized and free enzymes becomes great..., while when it is high, the difference becomes small. In the latter case, it is considered that as the concentration of G-6-P within the carrier becomes very high due to the high activity of HK, the difference between the two systems becomes less apparent, because rather large amounts of G-6-P are released into the outer solution against the diffusion resistance. That is, when the activity ratio of HK and G-6-PDH is great, the diffusion resistance is not utilized efficiently.  1, record 39, English, - activity%20ratio

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien que, dans l'industrie, les enzymes soient utilisées pour hydrolyser des macromolécules complexes dont les sites de coupures sont souvent inconnus, l'effet global recherché implique généralement l'utilisation d'un type d'enzyme précis. Dans certains cas, tel celui de la pectinase, une enzyme associe trois activités différentes et le rapport des activités doit être assez précis suivant le produit à traiter.  1, record 39, French, - rapport%20des%20activit%C3%A9s

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A potent new approach which marries the inherent speed and resolving power of HPLC with the biological specificity of affinity chromatography.  1, record 40, English, - high%20performance%20liquid%20affinity%20chromatography

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The technique of HPLAC was used to resolve a mixture of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase and pig heart lactate dehydrogenase by consecutive elution with appropriate ternary complexes.... The two enzymes were separated... in near quantitative yield and in less than 5 minutes. Furthermore, the heart muscle(H4) and skeletal muscle(M4) isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase were also resolved with equal rapidity on the AMP-silica column by a gradient of NADH.  3, record 40, English, - high%20performance%20liquid%20affinity%20chromatography

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The general versatility of HPLAC has been amply demonstrated with the resolution of enzymes and isoenzymes, albumin, protein antigens and antibodies, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, nucleosides and nucleotides using microparticulate silica-immobilized nucleotides, boronates, immunoadsorbents, lectins and charge transfer ligands.  1, record 40, English, - high%20performance%20liquid%20affinity%20chromatography

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'apparition de supports rigides facilement dérivables par les ligands va inévitablement avoir pour conséquence le développement de la chromatographie d'affinité sous pression. Le biologiste va ainsi bénéficier de la puissance de l'association affinité-pression : - vitesse accrue de chargement de l'échantillon sur la colonne; (...) - temps de lavage de la colonne; (...) - vitesse d'évolution rapide : de l'ordre de quelques minutes seulement. A ces avantages, il faut ajouter que ces nouveaux supports ont une longévité importante.  1, record 40, French, - chromatographie%20d%27affinit%C3%A9%20sous%20pression

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Très répandu dans les cellules animales [...] il joue plusieurs rôles physiologiques importants.  1, record 41, French, - hydroxybutyrate%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nase

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Overproduction of lysine, far beyond the bacterium's own needs, has been achieved by isolating two kinds of mutant. In one kind a mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme homoserine dehydrogenase abolishes the enzyme's activity and thereby prevents the bacterium from making threonine(one of the inhibitory products) and methionine.  1, record 42, English, - homoserine%20dehydrogenase

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On a isolé deux mutants bactériens qui synthétisent la lysine bien au-delà de leurs besoins. Pour la première de ces souches surproductrices, une mutation du gène codant pour une enzyme, l'homosérine déshydrogénase, abolit son activité et empêche la bactérie de synthétiser la thréonine (un des produits inhibiteurs) et la méthionine.  1, record 42, French, - homos%C3%A9rine%20d%C3%A9shydrogenase

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

malate déhydrogénase malate déshydrogénase MDH Ann. Inst. Last, juin 72, vol. 122, no6, p.1081 RA  1, record 43, French, - Activit%C3%A9%20malico%2Dd%C3%A9shydrog%C3%A9nasique

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish