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DISSOLVED SALT [14 records]

Record 1 2020-09-25

English

Subject field(s)
  • Analytical Chemistry
CONT

The Winkler method is the standard technique for the determination of dissolved oxygen in fresh and salt water. This scaled-down procedure requires reduced sample volume, reduced reagent volumes, less expense, and less time.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie analytique
CONT

La méthode de Winkler, d'utilisation générale dans la détermination de l'oxygène dissous, tant dans les eaux douces ou saumâtres que dans les eaux de mer, est encore considérée actuellement comme la méthode la plus précise.

Spanish

Campo(s) temático(s)
  • Química analítica
Save record 1

Record 2 2020-06-11

English

Subject field(s)
  • Soil Science
  • Drainage and Irrigation (Agric.)
  • Desertification
DEF

A mixture of inorganic salts of varying composition and solubilities forming a surface crust on desert soil.

CONT

... there are extreme cases in which salt shows on the surface and may therefore be observed in high or medium resolution images. This occurs for instance in Central Asia where determined areas(usually former ponds) are now totally converted into a salt crust. Such crust is due to both the drainage of dissolved salt and the fact that water recharge does not offset evaporation any longer.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Science du sol
  • Drainage et irrigation (Agriculture)
  • Désertification
CONT

Il existe cependant des cas extrêmes dans lesquels le sel affleure et est donc observable sur des images à haute ou moyenne résolution. Tel est notamment le cas de l'Asie centrale où existent des zones (généralement d'anciennes mares) actuellement complètement transformées en croûtes salines (effet conjugué du drainage du sel dissous et du fait que l'alimentation en eau ne compense plus l'évaporation) […]

Spanish

Save record 2

Record 3 2019-07-03

English

Subject field(s)
  • Oil Drilling
DEF

An aqueous clay base drilling fluid containing a substantial amount of dissolved inorganic salts [and] stabilized against flocculation by the addition of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium salt of a sulfated ethylene oxide adduct of long chain fatty alcohols.

Key term(s)
  • stabilised salty well fluid

French

Domaine(s)
  • Forage des puits de pétrole

Spanish

Save record 3

Record 4 2010-12-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Atomic Physics
  • Nuclear Fission Reactors
CONT

Molten salt reactors. While not strictly a fast neutron reactor, the uranium fuel is dissolved in the sodium fluoride salt coolant which circulates through graphite core channels to achieve some moderation and an epithermal neutron spectrum.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Physique atomique
  • Réacteurs nucléaires de fission
CONT

Réacteur à sels fondus (RSF ou MSR) […] Le spectre neutronique épithermique est obtenu par le passage du sel dans les canaux d’un bloc de graphite qui délimite la géométrie du cœur […]

Spanish

Save record 4

Record 5 2005-03-21

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geochemistry
CONT

Fluid inclusions in the constituent minerals always contain dense, saline, aqueous fluids. Total dissolved salts range from 10 to 30 wt.% and are predominantly sodium and calcium chlorides.

OBS

Term usually used in the plural.

Key term(s)
  • total dissolved salts

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géochimie
CONT

Les inclusions fluides présentes dans les minéraux constituants contiennent toujours des fluides aqueux, denses et salins. Les sels totaux dissous représentent de 10 à 30 % en poids de ces inclusions et sont surtout composés de chlorures de sodium et de calcium.

Spanish

Save record 5

Record 6 2005-02-16

English

Subject field(s)
  • Geochemistry
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds

French

Domaine(s)
  • Géochimie
  • Éléments et composés chimiques
DEF

Matière minérale dissoute dans l'eau.

CONT

Par l'oxygène, par le gaz carbonique et les sels minéraux qu'elle contient en solution, l'eau permet la vie animale et la vie végétale.

Spanish

Save record 6

Record 7 2001-07-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Oil Refining
DEF

To remove dissolved salt from crude oil.

OBS

Sometimes fresh water is injected into the crude stream to dissolve salt for removal by electrostatic treaters.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Raffinage du pétrole

Spanish

Save record 7

Record 8 2000-06-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Oil Drilling
DEF

A drilling mud in which the water has appreciable amounts of salt(usually sodium chloride) dissolved in it.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Forage des puits de pétrole

Spanish

Save record 8

Record 9 1998-06-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds
CONT

Reactive skin decontamination lotion(RSDL)... contains the reactive potassium oximate salt(KBDO) dissolved in a water soluble solvent(polyethylene glycol monomethylether with a molecular weight of 550 D with 10 % water).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Éléments et composés chimiques

Spanish

Save record 9

Record 10 1998-06-10

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemical Elements and Compounds
CONT

Reactive skin decontamination lotion(RSDL)... contains the reactive potassium oximate salt(KBDO) dissolved in a water soluble solvent(polyethylene glycol monomethylether with a molecular weight of 550 D with 10% water).

French

Domaine(s)
  • Éléments et composés chimiques

Spanish

Save record 10

Record 11 1998-03-18

English

Subject field(s)
  • Chemistry
DEF

The action of water on ions from a dissolved salt, by which a state of equilibrium is established in which both ions and molecules of acid or base capable of forming the salt coexist. The molecules of acid or base can revert to the ionic state when the conditions in the medium change.

OBS

Reversible hydrolysis is particularly observed in the case of salts of weak organic acids or weak organic amines, containing important hydrophobic radicals.

OBS

reversible hydrolysis: term and definition standardized by ISO.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Chimie
DEF

Action de l'eau sur les ions correspondant à un sel dissous, qui tend à l'établissement d'un état d'équilibre où coexistent les ions et des molécules d'acide ou de base assurant la formation du sel. Les molécules d'acide ou de base peuvent inversement repasser à l'état d'ions, quand les conditions du milieu varient.

OBS

L'hydrolyse réversible s'observe particulièrement pour les sels d'acides organiques faibles à radicaux hydrophobes importants.

OBS

hydrolyse réversible : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.

Spanish

Save record 11

Record 12 1989-12-19

English

Subject field(s)
  • Biological Sciences
DEF

The decrease in the solubility of a protein that is produced in solutions of high ionic strength by an increase of the concentrations of neutral salts.

CONT

The physicochemical basis of salting-out is rather complex; one factor is that the high concentration of salt may remove water of hydration from the protein molecules, thus reducing their solubility, but other factors are also involved. Whatever their physical basis, salting-in and salting-out are important procedures in the separation of protein mixtures, since different proteins vary in their response to the concentration of neutral salts. Proteins precipitated by salting-out retain their native conformation and can be dissolved again, usually without denaturation. Ammonium sulfate is preferred for salting out proteins because it is so soluble in water that very high ionic strengths can be attained.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Sciences biologiques
DEF

Précipitation réversible des protéines par de fortes concentrations de sels minéraux.

CONT

Le relarguage (...) des protéines à force ionique élevée varie suivant les protéines. Il est donc possible, par un accroissement progressif de la concentration saline (sulfate d'ammonium ou de sodium), d'obtenir une précipitation fractionnée des diverses protéines. En fait, par ce procédé, on obtient presque toujours des mélanges de protéines.

OBS

Certains ouvrages français utilisent le terme "salting-out".

Spanish

Save record 12

Record 13 1987-11-05

English

Subject field(s)
  • Electrolysis (Electrokinetics)
  • Electrochemistry
  • Chemical Engineering
CONT

Most of the chlorine produced in the world is manufactured by electrolysis of sodium chloride brine. Two processes are in common use: the mercury cell process and the diaphragm cell process.

CONT

In production of chlorine by the diaphragm cell process, salt is dissolved in water and stored as a saturated solution.... The purified saturated brine is then fed to the cell which typically is a rectangular box. It uses vertical anodes... The cathode is perforated metal which supports the asbestos diaphragm.... The diaphragm serves to separate the anolyte(the feed brine) from the catholyte(brine containing caustic soda). Chlorine is evolved at the anode.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Électrolyse (Électrocinétique)
  • Électrochimie
  • Génie chimique
CONT

Chlore. Fabrication industrielle. (...) on a recours à deux procédés : le procédé au diaphragme (...) et le procédé à cathode de mercure. Procédé au diaphragme. Une couche d'amiante (...), montée sur une toile métallique ou une tôle perforée formant cathode, isole celle-ci de l'anode en s'opposant à la diffusion de la soude vers cette dernière : ce diaphragme, perméable aux ions, augmente cependant la résistance du bain (...)

Spanish

Save record 13

Record 14 1986-08-14

English

Subject field(s)
  • Meats and Meat Industries
DEF

A type of coarse salt added to melted fat(either lard or oleo stock). The salt is partially dissolved by any water present in the rendering vessel. This increases the density of the water and facilitates the separation of the water from the rendered fat.

French

Domaine(s)
  • Salaison, boucherie et charcuterie

Spanish

Save record 14

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