TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

DNase Agar. DM132 A medium for the presumptive identification of pathogenic staphylococci by demonstration of DNase production.  6, record 1, English, - deoxyribonucleic%20acid%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Deoxyribonuclease(DNAse) agar actually has DNA in it. Deoxyribonuclease is an exoenzyme excreted from the cell which will break the DNA down into smaller molecules. There are 2 kinds of DNAse agar that can be used. 1) The first medium has no indicator, but is does require HCl(hydrochloric acid) reagent to be added after growth has occurred on the plate. Without DNAse enzyme, the HCl precipitates out the undestroyed DNA. The rest of the agar with the remaining DNA, which binds to HCl will have turned cloudy. Around the growth area, if the bacterium has made DNAse and destroyed the DNA, there will be clear zones seen. 2) DNAse agar with the indicator methyl green can be used. In this medium, when the DNA in the medium is hydrolyzed by the bacterial DNAse enzyme, the pieces of cut DNA release from binding to methyl green, and you will see a yellowish/orange zone around the growth area. OBJECTIVE : To identify the presence of the DNAse enzyme.  3, record 1, English, - deoxyribonucleic%20acid%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

DNase agar with (w/) toluidine blue, methyl green.  7, record 1, English, - deoxyribonucleic%20acid%20agar

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La gélose de test DNase est un milieu de culture pour détecter la production de désoxyribonucléase par des bactéries, en particulier les staphylocoques.  4, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20%C3%A0%20l%27acide%20d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS

La désoxyribonucléase (ADNase [ou DNase]) est une enzyme qui catalyse les acides désoxyribonucléiques (ADN).  1, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20%C3%A0%20l%27acide%20d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Gélose à ADN au bleu de toluidine, au vert de méthyle.  1, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20%C3%A0%20l%27acide%20d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Gélose DNase au bleu de toluidine, au vert de méthyle.  1, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20%C3%A0%20l%27acide%20d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any disruption in a cell that occurs when it is exposed to a markedly hypertonic or hypotonic medium.  2, record 2, English, - osmotic%20shock

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Osmotic shock has been used in the extraction of hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins from a number of Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli, and in the release of DNA from T(even) bacteriophages by rupture of the protein coat... It has been suggested that the sudden increase in the osmotic pressure inside the cell causes the release of certain cell constituents.  3, record 2, English, - osmotic%20shock

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour la bioconversion proprement dite, on s'oriente de plus en plus vers des enzymes isolées extraites des cellules. Les bactéries sont lysées par des agents physiques (ultrasons) ou chimiques (NaCl par choc osmotique). [...] Le choc osmotique, provoqué sur certaines bactéries par leur introduction dans un milieu hypotonique, permet la libération de protéines périplasmiques.  2, record 2, French, - choc%20osmotique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Conceivably the individual variations in promoter sequences reflect differences in promoter efficiency, allowing different DNA functional units to be transcribed to lesser or greater degrees. The fact that both binding sequences are AT-rich probably reflects the fact that such sequences denature much more easily than do GC-rich regions, and so are obvious targets for an enzyme like RNA polymerase, whose functioning demands local denaturations.  1, record 3, English, - GC%2Drich

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La première méthode utilisée pour repérer la position réelle de différentes mutations du bactériophage lambda est basée sur la possibilité de fragmenter mécaniquement l'ADN en des segments de taille définie. Les fragments qui ont une densité différente peuvent être séparés les uns des autres par centrifugation à l'équilibre dans un gradient de chlorure de césium. Les fragments riches en GC ayant une densité plus grande que les fragments riches en AT, la séparation devient une opération de routine si les différents segments possèdent des rapports AT/GC distincts. Ces fragments peuvent être utilisés dans des expériences de transformation pour déterminer quels sont les gènes appartenant à chaque fragment.  2, record 3, French, - riche%20en%20GC

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A protein which binds tightly and cooperatively to single-stranded DNA. The protein facilitates DNA unwinding within a cell by lowering helix stability by virtue of tight cooperated binding to exposed single strands of DNA. It has a function in genetic recombination and in the replication of DNA. Such proteins have been isolated from bacterial cells infected with a number of different viruses and also from eukaryotic cells.  2, record 4, English, - DNA%2Dunwinding%20protein

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Polypeptide qui s'attache à l'ADN simple brin et par suite le stabilise : Ce faisant, il favorise le déroulement de la double hélice. Un tel processus de déroulement est coopératif, la liaison d'une protéine favorisant la fixation de plusieurs autres.  2, record 4, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20de%20d%C3%A9roulement

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[déroulase:] Terme déconseillé qui est souvent utilisé dans les ouvrages traduits.  2, record 4, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20de%20d%C3%A9roulement

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The molecular mechanisms that control gene expression. These include controls that operate at every stage of protein determination: transcription of DNA, posttranscriptional processing of mRNA, translation of mRNA, and posttranslational modification of proteins.  1, record 5, English, - genetic%20regulation

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The genome of an organism contains DNA sequences of several different types, including structural genes, which specify the amino acid sequences of enzymes and structural proteins or the nucleotide sequences of ribosomal RNAs or transfer RNAs; and regulatory genes and signals, which code for regulatory proteins, and control the initiation and termination of transcription or provide binding sites for regulatory molecules.  1, record 5, English, - genetic%20regulation

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ensemble des mécanismes capables de moduler l'expression du potentiel héréditaire dans une cellule vivante en fonction des signaux qu'elle reçoit, en provenance d'autres cellules ou de l'environnement.  2, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9gulation%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Cette régulation peut s'exercer à 3 niveaux : celui de la transcription, celui de la traduction des messagers et celui du transport et de l'assemblage des polypeptides aboutissant à la production de molécules enzymiques actives.  2, record 5, French, - r%C3%A9gulation%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proceso que controla la síntesis o supresión de los productos génicos en células o tejidos específicos.  1, record 5, Spanish, - regulaci%C3%B3n%20g%C3%A9nica

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inhibition of transcription by binding of a repressor protein to a specific site on DNA.  3, record 6, English, - enzyme%20repression

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Blocage de la transcription d'un gène. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  3, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9pression%20enzymatique

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

répression : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  4, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9pression%20enzymatique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Interferencia en la síntesis de una enzima debido al elevado nivel de una sustancia efectora, generalmente un metabolito, cuya presencia causaría depresión del gen responsable de la síntesis enzimática.  1, record 6, Spanish, - represi%C3%B3n%20enzim%C3%A1tica

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Protein synthesised by a regulator gene, which by binding to a specific site on DNA(the operator gene of an operon) prevents the formation of messenger RNA by the operon's other(structural) genes and hence stops protein(enzyme) synthesis.  3, record 7, English, - repressor

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Protéine qui bloque l'expression d'un gène en empêchant la transcription s'y associant. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  2, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9presseur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce processus est réversible. [Observation reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'AFNOR.]  2, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9presseur

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

répresseur : terme normalisé par l'AFNOR.  3, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9presseur

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 8, English, - DNA%20binding

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 8, French, - fixation%20d%27ADN

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An antibiotic produced by Steptomyces chrysomallus that inhibits the transcription of DNA to RNA by binding to DNA and that also has immunosuppressive activity.  3, record 9, English, - dactinomycin

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because actinomycin D inhibits RNA elongation in intact cells, as well as in cell extracts, it has become a very useful diagnostic tool for [the] identification of cell processes that depend upon RNA synthesis.  4, record 9, English, - dactinomycin

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dactinomycin: International nonproprietary name (INN) of the World Health Organization (WHO).  5, record 9, English, - dactinomycin

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Chemical formula: C₆₂H₈₆N₁₂O₁₆  6, record 9, English, - dactinomycin

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Antibiotique antinéoplastique agissant par fixation sur la guanine du DNA, inhibant ainsi l'action de la DNA polymérase, administré par voie veineuse.  3, record 9, French, - dactinomycine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[La] forte toxicité [de la dactinomycine] pour le tissu hématopoïétique et l'épithélium digestif fait réserver son utilisation au traitement du néphroblastome, du choriocarcinome et de certains sarcomes.  3, record 9, French, - dactinomycine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

dactinomycine : Dénomination commune internationale (DCI) de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS).  4, record 9, French, - dactinomycine

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Formule chimique : C₆₂H₈₆N₁₂O₁₆  5, record 9, French, - dactinomycine

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fármaco antibiótico antineoplásico.  3, record 9, Spanish, - actinomicina%20D

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] utilizado en el tratamiento de tumores germinales, tumor del Wilms, sarcoma de Ewing, rabdomiosarcoma embrionario, enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional y sarcoma de Kaposi.  3, record 9, Spanish, - actinomicina%20D

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Fórmula química: C₆₂H₈₆N₁₂O₁₆  4, record 9, Spanish, - actinomicina%20D

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chromosomes consist largely of nuclei acids and proteins, joined here as complexes called nucleoproteins.  2, record 10, English, - nucleo%2Dprotein

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Sequence-specific binding of DNA by proteins is often the first step in the assembly of regulatory complexes that control cellular processes such as the initiation of gene transcription. The second assembly step is the cooperative interaction of these DNA-bound proteins resulting in the formation of nucleo-protein complexes with highly specific biological activity.  3, record 10, English, - nucleo%2Dprotein

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Hétéroprotéine résultant d'une association non covalente entre un acide nucléique et une protéine basique [...]  2, record 10, French, - nucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ine

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les chromosomes sont constitués surtout de protéines et d'acides nucléiques [...] associés en complexes appelés nucléoprotéines.  3, record 10, French, - nucl%C3%A9oprot%C3%A9ine

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proteína asociada con los ácidos nucleicos [ADN o ARN].  1, record 10, Spanish, - nucleoprote%C3%ADna

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Molecular endocrinology and gene expression. Functional organization of the estrogen receptor and its involvement in mammary carcinogenesis. Estrogens and estrogen antagonists represent a group of clinically useful hormones and drugs that act through a nuclear receptor to modulate the transcriptional activity of a set of genes involved most notably in female reproductive physiology. The receptor for estrogens belongs to a superfamily of intracellular receptors that mediate the effects of the other gonadal and adrenal steroids, retinoids, thyroid hormones, and vitamin D. Common features shared by the intracellular receptors include organization into discrete functional domains responsible for ligand recognition, sequence-specific DNA binding, nuclear localization, and activation of transcription.  1, record 11, English, - sequence%20specific%20DNA%20binding%20ligand

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les profils ou patterns compositionnels des génomes des vertébrés. Histogrammes montrant les quantités relatives, les densités de flottaison modales et les niveaux des GC des composants majeurs de l'ADN chez le xénope, le poulet, la souris et l'homme, estimés après le fractionnement d'ADN par centrifugation préparative en gradient de densité en présence de ligands séquence-spécifiques.  1, record 11, French, - ligand%20s%C3%A9quence%2Dsp%C3%A9cifique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thyroid hormone receptors(TRs) bind as dimers to specific DNA response elements. We have used a genetic approach to identify amino acid sequences required for dimerization of the TR beta isoform. Bacteria expressing a chimeric repressor composed of the DNA binding domain of the bacteriophage lambda cl repressor fused to the TR beta ligand binding domain are immune to lambda infection as a consequence of homodimerization activity provided by the receptor sequences.  1, record 12, English, - thyroid%20hormone%20receptor

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les récepteurs des hormones thyroïdiennes (TR) et de l'acide rétinoïque (RAR) font partie d'une superfamille de facteurs transcriptionnels hormono-dépendants.  1, record 12, French, - r%C3%A9cepteur%20des%20hormones%20thyro%C3%AFdiennes

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two-armed molecules could become the highly diverse subjects of future directed evolution experiments. The functional arm, which consists of amino acids or other subunits, can be tested for its ability to perform a task, such as binding to a target. The genetic arm, which is made of DNA or RNA, contains a coded description of the functional arm's composition. This description can be replicated and analyzed.  1, record 13, English, - dual%2Dpurpose%20molecule

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De acuerdo con Brenner y Lerner, se preparan moléculas bifuncionales con dos "brazos", unidos por un punto común. Un brazo es una molécula funcional; se valora en atención a su capacidad para enlazarse en una diana; el brazo puede estar formado por aminoácidos, azúcares u otros compuestos orgánicos. El brazo segundo, una macromolécula genética (ADN, por lo común), cifra la descripción del brazo funcional.  1, record 13, Spanish, - mol%C3%A9cula%20bifuncional

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

To remove a methyl group from (a chemical compound).  3, record 14, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Three active demethylation mechanisms have been proposed.... The first mechanism is direct replacement of the methyl moiety by a hydrogen atom. The human MBD2(Methylated DNA binding protein 2) was reported to demethylate DNA by this mechanism, i. e., the thermodynamically unfavorable breakage of the carbon-carbon bond that links the pyrimidine to its methyl group.  4, record 14, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The enzymes that actively demethylate DNA include 5-methylcytosine glycosylase, which removes the methylated cytosine from DNA, leaving the deoxyribose intact ...  5, record 14, English, - desmethylate

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

desmethylate: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).  1, record 14, English, - desmethylate

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Action de provoquer une déméthylation, c'est-à-dire de détacher, de retirer un groupement méthyle (-CH₃) d'un composé, d'une cellule.  3, record 14, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Méthylation et déméthylation des pectines. Des PMT (pectine méthyl transférases) peuvent méthyler des pectines acides au cours du transfert golgien. Des PME (pectine méthyl estérases) secrétées par la voie golgienne peuvent déméthyler les pectines méthylées et les rendre acides dans la paroi elle même.  4, record 14, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La découverte d'activités capables de déméthyler les séquences mCG de l'ADN ouvre un nouveau chapitre des connaissances sur la régulation des gènes et laisse entrevoir d'importantes applications thérapeutiques et biotechnologiques.  5, record 14, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Étude de la capacité d'un certain nombre de bactéries aérobies et anaérobies de N-déméthyler l'imipramine (I) en désipramine (II).  1, record 14, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

desméthyler : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée).  1, record 14, French, - desm%C3%A9thyler

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In meiotic cells, a protein with broad phyletic distribution and unique cellular localization which shows a high binding efficiency for single-stranded DNA and the property of catalyzing the renaturation of thermally denatured DNA. The protein is assumed to play a role in meiotic recombination and to promote chromosome pairing and crossing over between homologous chromosomes. It is absent from somatic tissues.  1, record 15, English, - DNA%2Dbinding%20protein

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le déroulement des deux biens de la molécule de DNA entraîne la formation de zones monocoténaires. Ces zones simple brin doivent être stabilisées (suppression du réappariement des deux brins de la molécule de DNA) et protégées de l'action des DNases. Ces fonctions semblent être assurées par une protéine appelée «DNA binding protein» qui se lie spécifiquement au DNA simple chaîne [...]. C'est le complexe formé par l'association entre le DNA monocoténaire et la protéine de liaison au DNA qui constitue en fait le substrat de la DNA polymérase III et des autres protéines qui jouent un rôle dans la réplication.  1, record 15, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20de%20liaison%20au%20DNA

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La régulation de l'expression d'un gène passe, entre autres mécanismes, par l'association de protéines à certaines des séquences d'acides nucléiques qui le constituent. L'analyse de ces séquences et celles des protéines régulatrices qui s'y fixent est donc d'une importance capitale pour la compréhension des mécanismes de régulation de l'expression des gènes.  2, record 15, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20de%20liaison%20au%20DNA

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Transformation is the process of transferring a free DNA [deoxyribonucleic acid] molecule from a donor to a recipient bacterium. In vitro, the uptake of a plasmid into the DNA of a living microorganism can be useful in determining gene expression and in vivo, transformation is useful to cells for the exchange of information. In the case of plasmid transformation, a plasmid which has a known gene is introduced to competent bacterial cells for uptake. In order for a cell to be competent it must have a binding site for the donor DNA and will usually(in vitro) have been treated with salts for easier uptake of plasmid DNA.  3, record 16, English, - competent%20donor%20bacterium%20cell

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A very original set of experiments carried out by the Unit of Molecular Biology of Gene Expression concerns another protein essential for mouse development that is also a transcription factor. This factor known as KBF2 or RBP-Jk is homologous to a Drosophila gene product, Su(H)(Suppressor of Hairless), which belongs to the Notch signal transduction cascade involved in regulating the competence of a cell to respond to specific developmental cues. A likely function of the Su(H) protein is to serve as an anchor on DNA for non DNA-binding transcriptional activators. This function is conserved in the Notch pathway : the activation of this transmembrane receptor likely involves a proteolytic cleavage step which releases its intracellular domain; following nuclear translocation, it activates its target genes by binding to the Su(H) protein, which is already bound to several sites in the target promoters.  2, record 17, English, - Su%28H%29%20protein

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La protéine Su(H), impliquée dans l'activité de transmission de ce signal, semble capable de s'associer à la région intracellulaire de Notch. C'est un facteur de transcription qui se lie à certaines séquences localisées dans les promoteurs de plusieurs des gènes cibles de Notch.  1, record 17, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20Su%28H%29

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Binding of the TATA Binding Protein(TBP) to the TATA box is the first step in the formation of the transcription pre-initiation complex(Nakajima, et. al, 1988). TBP demonstrates DNA binding properties unique among the sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, namely a strong temperature dependence of binding and slow on/off rates(Horikoshi, et. al, 1988; Lee, et. al, 1992). In this study, the temperature dependent binding of yeast TBP(yTBP) to the TATA box consensus sequence from adenovirus major late promoter is characterized. Equilibrium dissociation constants(Kds) were determined for yTBP binding to the TATA box at both 25° C and 37° C.  3, record 18, English, - major%20late%20promoter

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Elles [protéines virales synthétisées] activent ainsi une cascade transcriptionnelle qui conduit à la réplication de l'ADN génomique. Cette dernière marque le point de virage après lequel les protéines tardives (qui dépendent toutes du même promoteur tardif, MLP (major late promoter) sont à leur tour synthétisées.  1, record 18, French, - MLP

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... precise complementarity also is required in the binding of a hormone molecule to its receptor on a cell surface and in the replication of DNA and many other cell activities.  1, record 19, English, - cell%20surface

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une complémentarité [...] précise est [...] nécessaire à la liaison d'une molécule hormonale à son récepteur sur une surface cellulaire, à la réplication du DNA ainsi qu'à d'autres activités cellulaires.  1, record 19, French, - surface%20cellulaire

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... precise complementarity... is required in the binding of a hormone molecule to its receptor on a cell surface and in the replication of DNA and many other cell activities.  1, record 20, English, - cell%20activity

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une complémentarité [...] précise est [...] nécessaire à la liaison d'une molécule hormonale à son récepteur sur une surface cellulaire, à la réplication du DNA ainsi qu'à d'autres activités cellulaires.  1, record 20, French, - activit%C3%A9%20cellulaire

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... precise complementarity also is required in the binding of a hormone molecule to its receptor on a cell surface and in the replication of DNA and many other cell activities.  1, record 21, English, - hormone%20molecule

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une complémentarité [...] précise est [...] nécessaire à la liaison d'une molécule hormonale à son récepteur sur une surface cellulaire, à la réplication du DNA ainsi qu'à d'autres activités cellulaires.  1, record 21, French, - mol%C3%A9cule%20hormonale

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Short stretches of RNA have been found attached to the 5’ ends of many newly synthesized DNA chains. The starting points for DNA replication may therefore be recognized not by a DNA polymerase, but by a form of RNA polymerase. Following binding of a starter RNA polymerase, a number of ribonucleotides are sequentially linked together until a stop signal is read. The enzyme then detaches leaving a short RNA chain still bound to its DNA template. This RNA chain then serves as a primer onto which DNA polymerase III adds deoxynucleotides. Removal of the RNA primer occurs later through the action of other enzyme(s) which can digest away the RNA component of RNA/DNA hybrids. One enzyme that has this capacity is DNA polymerase I, whose primary task may be to close the gaps between RNA-primed DNA fragments.  1, record 22, English, - RNA%2Dprimed%20DNA%20fragment

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On a trouvé de courts fragments d'ARN attachés aux extrémités 5' de nombreuses chaînes d'ADN nouvellement synthétisées. Les points de départ de la réplication de l'ADN pourraient donc être reconnus non pas par une ADN polymérase mais par une forme d'ARN polymérase. Après l'attachement d'une ARN polymérase de démarrage, un certain nombre de ribonucléotides sont séquentiellement liés les uns aux autres jusqu'à lecture d'un signal stop. L'enzyme se détache alors, laissant une courte chaîne d'ARN toujours liée à sa matrice ADN. Cette chaîne d'ARN sert alors d'amorce à laquelle l'ADN polymérase III ajoute des désoxynucléotides. Cet ARN amorce est éliminé plus tard par l'action d'autres enzymes (ou d'une autre enzyme) qui sont capables de digérer la partie ARN de l'hybride ARN/ADN. Une enzyme qui possède cette aptitude est l'ADN polymérase I, dont le rôle principal consiste à combler les espaces entre les fragments d'ADN amorcés par des ARN.  1, record 22, French, - fragment%20d%27ADN%20amorc%C3%A9%20par%20des%20ARN

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish