TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

ACETATE DIFFERENTIAL AGAR. Medium used for the differentiation of Shigella from E. coli and non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli.... is used to test the ability of an organism to use acetate as the sole source of carbon.... Typical cultures of Shigella are unable to use acetate and fail to grow. Therefore, the medium remains unchanged. The majority of Escherichia coli grow well within 24-48 hours, but some strains grow more slowly and may give a false negative reaction if results are observed at 24-48 hours only.  3, record 1, English, - acetate%20differential%20agar

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 CONT

A total of 245 isolates of Escherichia coli (paracolons) were employed in comparing the use of acetate differential agar (ADA) with the simple test described by Sellers to eliminate these organisms from consideration as enteric pathogens ...  2, record 1, English, - acetate%20differential%20agar

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Milieux de culture déshydratés et ingrédients. [...] GŽélose diffŽérentielle à l'acétate. Différenciation séŽlective des entŽérobactŽéries.  1, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20diff%C3%A9rentielle%20%C3%A0%20l%27ac%C3%A9tate

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ce miieu est basé sur l'utilisation de l'acétate. Il permet la croissance d'Escherichia coli, mais pas celle des bactéries du genre Shigella.  2, record 1, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20diff%C3%A9rentielle%20%C3%A0%20l%27ac%C3%A9tate

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Trawling questionnaire : This term commonly refers to interview forms designed to capture a wide range of exposures. They are sometimes called “hypothesis-generating” or... shotgun questionnaires. These forms may be designed with embedded questions focused on disease-specific hypotheses, which may serve to consolidate the hypothesis generation and testing processes into a single step. For instance, the trawling questionnaire for an outbreak of E. coli O157 : H7 may contain questions about standard transmission mechanisms for this agent such as hamburger consumption, day-care attendance, recreational pool use, animal exposures...  1, record 2, English, - trawling%20questionnaire

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The nurses asked those who had become ill a battery of questions from a 20-page survey known as a "shotgun" questionnaire that explores potential sources of disease, from animal contact to sources of drinking water to attendance at various locations that could be contaminated. The nurses went through what each person had eaten during the week before the illness struck to attempt to identify what caused the outbreak ... The goal was to find a common element, whether it was a food item or some kind of contact or common location. "It’s like shooting in a barrel hoping to hit something," ... But they did hit something. ... 84% of those who were sickened had eaten a tomato ...  4, record 2, English, - trawling%20questionnaire

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A shotgun questionnaire aims at hypothesis generation and may be followed by a targeted questionnaire designed for hypothesis testing.  5, record 2, English, - trawling%20questionnaire

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Au moment de l'alerte, les cas les plus récemment identifiés ont été interrogés [...] à l'aide d'un questionnaire exploratoire qui recensait la consommation et l'achat d'aliments dans les 7 jours précédant les symptômes. Le questionnaire portait également sur les symptômes, les éventuelles autres expositions telles qu'un contact avec d'autres cas de diarrhée dans la famille, avec des animaux de compagnie ou sauvages, l'existence d'un voyage récent, etc.  3, record 2, French, - questionnaire%20exploratoire

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Enquête exploratoire : Cette phase a pour objectifs de confirmer ou non la nature épidémique du phénomène signalé, de définir la période épidémique et la population touchée et d'émettre une ou plusieurs hypothèses quant au véhicule en cause dans la transmission. [...] Un questionnaire alimentaire détaillé est rempli [...] afin d'identifier un ou plusieurs aliments communs ou lieux d'achat ou de consommation communs. [...] Le questionnaire exploratoire montrait que la consommation d'un certain fromage de chèvre au lait cru était souvent citée.  4, record 2, French, - questionnaire%20exploratoire

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Une fois l'hypothèse formulée à partir des résultats obtenus au moyen du questionnaire exploratoire, on peut utiliser un questionnaire plus ciblé pour faire l'enquête cas-témoin qui permettra de vérifier l'hypothèse.  5, record 2, French, - questionnaire%20exploratoire

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Recombinant subunit vaccines use attenuated virus or bacterium to introduce microbial DNA to cells of the body.... The protein components that induce immune response are synthesis peptides or antigens expressed in eukaryotic or prokaryotic expression system(e. g., E. coli, yeast) using recombinant protein expression technologies.  2, record 3, English, - recombinant%20subunit%20vaccine

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Recombinant subunit vaccines are produced using genetic engineering techniques.  3, record 3, English, - recombinant%20subunit%20vaccine

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vaccins sous-unitaires recombinants. Plusieurs vaccins sont actuellement produits dans des œufs de poule, mais des technologies de recombinaison de l'ADN ont été mises au point pour exprimer les protéines de vaccin par des types de cellule de remplacement dans des environnements contrôlés (cellules de mammifère, d'insecte, de plante, de levures). Ces techniques offrent de bonnes pistes pour la production rapide à grande échelle d'antigènes destinés à être utilisés dans les vaccins.  4, record 3, French, - vaccin%20sous%2Dunitaire%20recombinant

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les vaccins sous-unitaires recombinants sont produits à l'aide de techniques de génie génétique.  5, record 3, French, - vaccin%20sous%2Dunitaire%20recombinant

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Se pueden obtener vacunas de subunidades [sintetizando] las moléculas antigénicas del microorganismo utilizando técnicas de ADN recombinante. Las vacunas producidas por este método se denominan vacunas de subunidades recombinantes.  1, record 3, Spanish, - vacuna%20de%20subunidad%20recombinante

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Las vacunas de subunidades recombinantes son producidas utilizando técnicas de ingeniería genética.  2, record 3, Spanish, - vacuna%20de%20subunidad%20recombinante

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any disruption in a cell that occurs when it is exposed to a markedly hypertonic or hypotonic medium.  2, record 4, English, - osmotic%20shock

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Osmotic shock has been used in the extraction of hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins from a number of Gram-negative bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli, and in the release of DNA from T(even) bacteriophages by rupture of the protein coat... It has been suggested that the sudden increase in the osmotic pressure inside the cell causes the release of certain cell constituents.  3, record 4, English, - osmotic%20shock

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour la bioconversion proprement dite, on s'oriente de plus en plus vers des enzymes isolées extraites des cellules. Les bactéries sont lysées par des agents physiques (ultrasons) ou chimiques (NaCl par choc osmotique). [...] Le choc osmotique, provoqué sur certaines bactéries par leur introduction dans un milieu hypotonique, permet la libération de protéines périplasmiques.  2, record 4, French, - choc%20osmotique

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.4: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  2, record 5, English, - other%20intestinal%20Escherichia%20coli%20infections

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.4 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 5, French, - autres%20infections%20intestinales%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.1: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 6, English, - enterotoxigenic%20Escherichia%20coli%20infection

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.1 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 6, French, - infection%20ent%C3%A9rotoxig%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.0: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 7, English, - enteropathogenic%20Escherichia%20coli%20infection

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.0 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 7, French, - infection%20ent%C3%A9ropathog%C3%A8ne%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.2: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  3, record 8, English, - enteroinvasive%20Escherichia%20coli%20infection

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.2 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  2, record 8, French, - infection%20ent%C3%A9ro%2Dinvasive%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Our preference for organic foods, rejection of chemical fertilizer for cow manure, and contamination of water and vegetables with E. coli O157 : H7 have introduced new sources of what used to be the hamburger disease.  3, record 9, English, - enterohemorrhagic%20Escherichia%20coli%20infection

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.3: code used in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.  4, record 9, English, - enterohemorrhagic%20Escherichia%20coli%20infection

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les infections entéro-hémorragiques à E. coli, mieux connues sous le vocable de «maladie du hamburger», sont des maladies entériques sévères dont les sources se retrouvent le plus souvent dans la chaîne alimentaire et l'environnement.  2, record 9, French, - infection%20ent%C3%A9ro%2Dh%C3%A9morragique%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A04.3 : code de la Classification statistique internationale des maladies et des problèmes de santé connexes.  5, record 9, French, - infection%20ent%C3%A9ro%2Dh%C3%A9morragique%20%C3%A0%20Escherichia%20coli

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The various aerobic and facultatively anaerobic species of streptococci which possess Lancefield’s Group D antigen and which normally inhabit the large intestine of man and/or animals.  2, record 10, English, - faecal%20streptococci

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are two types of tests for testing the quality of the water in swimming pools: ... (b) detection of colon-type bacilli with identification of Escherichia coli, total enumeration of the bacteria at 37° C, detection of faecal streptococci, optional detection of leptospirae and mycobacteria.  3, record 10, English, - faecal%20streptococci

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Their presence in water, even in the absence of E. coli, indicates faecal pollution.  2, record 10, English, - faecal%20streptococci

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

faecal streptococci: term and definition standardized by ISO.  4, record 10, English, - faecal%20streptococci

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diverses espèces aérobies et facultativement anaérobies de streptocoques qui possèdent toutes l'antigène du groupe D de Lancefield, hôtes habituels du gros intestin de l'homme et/ou des animaux.  2, record 10, French, - streptocoques%20f%C3%A9caux

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les contrôles de la qualité de l'eau des bassins sont de deux sortes : [...] b) recherche des coliformes avec identification des Escherichia Coli, dénombrement total des bactéries à 37° C, recherche des streptocoques fécaux, recherche facultative des leptospires et mycobactéries.  3, record 10, French, - streptocoques%20f%C3%A9caux

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Leur présence dans l'eau, même en l'absence d'E. coli, indique une pollution fécale.  2, record 10, French, - streptocoques%20f%C3%A9caux

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 OBS

streptocoques fécaux : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  4, record 10, French, - streptocoques%20f%C3%A9caux

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diversas especies aeróbicas y opcionalmente anaeróbicas de estreptococo que poseen el antígeno del grupo D de Lancefield, y que suelen habitar en el intestino grueso de los seres humanos y/o de los animales.  1, record 10, Spanish, - estreptococos%20fecales

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Su presencia en agua, inclusive en ausencia de E. coli, suele indicar contaminación fecal.  1, record 10, Spanish, - estreptococos%20fecales

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A group of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, lactose-fermenting bacteria which typically inhabit the large intestine of man and animals.  1, record 11, English, - coliform%20organisms

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Generally, apart form E. coli [Escherichia coli], many of them are able to survive and multiply in the natural environment.  1, record 11, English, - coliform%20organisms

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

coliform organisms: term and definition standardized by ISO.  4, record 11, English, - coliform%20organisms

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Groupe de bactéries aérobies et éventuellement anaérobies Gram négatives, non sporulées, fermentant le lactose, hôtes typiques du gros intestin de l'homme et des animaux.  1, record 11, French, - organismes%20coliformes

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Généralement, mis à part l'E. coli [Escherichia coli], la plupart d'entre elles sont capables de survivre et de se multiplier dans l'environnement naturel.  1, record 11, French, - organismes%20coliformes

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

organismes coliformes : terme et définition normalisés par l'ISO.  4, record 11, French, - organismes%20coliformes

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 3 OBS

coliformes : terme uniformisé par le Groupe de travail de terminologie du génie.  4, record 11, French, - organismes%20coliformes

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Grupo de bacterias aeróbicas y anaeróbicas facultativas, Gram negativas, sin formación de esporas, que fermentan la lactosa, huéspedes típicos del intestino grueso de los seres humanos y de los animales.  1, record 11, Spanish, - organismos%20coliformes

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Bacteria que abunda en el tracto intestinal de algunos animales de sangre caliente. Se utiliza como indicador de la calidad sanitaria del agua.  3, record 11, Spanish, - organismos%20coliformes

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Generalmente, aparte de la E. coli [Escherichia coli], muchas de ellas pueden sobrevivir y multiplicarse en el medio ambiente natural.  1, record 11, Spanish, - organismos%20coliformes

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

E. coli from grain-fed animals are already accustomed to this level of acidity, so they are more likely to lodge in our intestines and make us sick. Raising animals on pasture keeps the E. coli count relatively low and keeps the bacteria vulnerable to our bodies natural defenses.  2, record 12, English, - grain%2Dfed%20animal

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Nos viandes contiennent d’avantage de protéines, de vitamines A et E et de gras Oméga-3 que la viande conventionnelle d’épicerie. De plus, elles proviennent d’animaux nourris au grain et de pâturage et ne contiennent ni antibiotiques, ni hormones de croissance.  1, record 12, French, - animal%20nourri%20au%20grain

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any of a group of organisms (of the same species) that have the same pathogenicity on a specified host.  3, record 13, English, - pathotype

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Even though E. coli [Escherichia coli] is a significant human and animal pathogen, there is currently no rapid and efficient method for identifying the different pathotypes of E. coli.  4, record 13, English, - pathotype

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Organisme classé dans un groupe d'une même espèce, qui présentent la même pathogénicité pour un hôte donné.  3, record 13, French, - pathotype

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sur la base des signes cliniques observés chez les malades, les souches d’E. coli [Escherichia coli] pathogènes sont regroupées en pathovars (ou pathotypes) [...]  4, record 13, French, - pathotype

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

As a result, sludge stability is measured based on the reduction of E. coli, the normal(nonpathogenic) intestinal organism found in all warm-blooded animals.  2, record 14, English, - sludge%20stability

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Propriété que possèdent les boues traitées de résister à la putréfaction.  2, record 14, French, - stabilit%C3%A9%20des%20boues

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Resistencia de un lodo de depuradora tratado, a la putrefacción.  1, record 14, Spanish, - estabilidad%20del%20lodo

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An aerobic and facultatively anaerobic thermotolerant coliform organism which ferments lactose (or mannitol) at a temperature of 44°C with the production of both acid and gas, and which also produces indole from tryptophan. [Definition standardized by ISO.]  4, record 16, English, - E%2E%20coli

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Escherichia coli's] normal habitat is the large intestine of man and warmblooded animals. E. coli is usually not able to multiply in waste water and polluted surface water.  4, record 16, English, - E%2E%20coli

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Escherichia coli; E. coli : The latin names are used more frequently in general language than the common names.  5, record 16, English, - E%2E%20coli

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

E. coli bacterium.  6, record 16, English, - E%2E%20coli

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Organisme coliforme thermotolérant, aérobie et anaérobie facultatifs, qui fermente le lactose (ou le mannitol) à une température de 44 °C en produisant de l'acide et du gaz, et qui produit aussi de l'indole à partir du tryptophane. [Définition normalisée par l'ISO.]  3, record 16, French, - colibacille

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le nouveau système de classification fait la distinction entre quatre classes d'E. coli à partir des différents mécanismes pathogéniques : l'E. coli entéropathogène (ECEP) (ou E. coli entéroadhérent [ECEA]), l'E. coli entérohémorragique (ECEH), l'E. coli entérotoxinogène (ECET) et l'E. coli entéroenvahissant (ECEE). Chacune des classes possède son propre degré de virulence, ses tableaux cliniques, ses caractéristiques épidémiologiques et son programme thérapeutique. S'ils sont vérotoxinogènes, ils peuvent être désignés sous le nom d'ECVT.  4, record 16, French, - colibacille

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Escherichia coli] se loge généralement dans le gros intestin de l'homme et des animaux à sang chaud. Les E. coli ne sont généralement pas capables de se multiplier dans l'eau usée et dans de l'eau de surface polluée.  3, record 16, French, - colibacille

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Escherichia coli; E. coli : Les noms latins sont utilisés plus fréquemment dans la langue courante que les noms vernaculaires.  5, record 16, French, - colibacille

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Bactérie E. coli.  6, record 16, French, - colibacille

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Bacilo gram negativo, aerobio o anaerobio facultativo, no esporulado que se caracteriza por poseer la enzima beta- galactosidasa, se desarrolla a 44°C ± 0,1°C [termotolerante], fermenta la lactosa y el manitol produciendo ácido y gas, produce indol a partir del triptofano, es oxidasa negativo y no hidroliza la urea.  4, record 16, Spanish, - colibacilo

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los agentes inductores de la diarrea (la bacteria del cólera Vibrio cholerae, rotavirus y Escherichia coli) son los principales responsables de la mortalidad infantil en las naciones en vías de desarrollo.  5, record 16, Spanish, - colibacilo

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Escherichia coli es un habitante normal del intestino de todos los animales. Escherichia coli es una variedad de la bacteria que habitualmente produce la colitis hemorrágica.  6, record 16, Spanish, - colibacilo

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The DNA that has been derived from a source organism and has been integrated into a host cell.  3, record 17, English, - heterologous%20DNA

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The situation of expressing heterologous DNA(DNA from a different species) in E. coli [Escherichia coli] has been discussed and it is clear that the well investigated genetic system of E. coli has enabled much valuable information to be gathered.  1, record 17, English, - heterologous%20DNA

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fragment, plus ou moins long, d'ADN qui provient d'un organisme étranger ou externe et qui est intégré dans une cellule hôte.  4, record 17, French, - ADN%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rologue

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les données relatives à l'expression d'un ADN hétérologue (ADN d'une espèce différente) dans E. coli [Escherichia coli] ont été examinées et il est manifeste que le système génétique bien étudié d'E. coli a permis de rassembler un grand nombre d'informations précieuses.  1, record 17, French, - ADN%20h%C3%A9t%C3%A9rologue

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

ADN que proviene de un organismo y que se introduce en una célula de otro organismo de una especie diferente.  2, record 17, Spanish, - ADN%20ex%C3%B3geno

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Transfección de ADN: introducción en una célula en cultivo [...] permeable al ADN, de moléculas [...] de ADN extrañas (heterólogas) insertadas en un vector. [...] La transformación requiere la integración del ADN exógeno en el cromosoma bacteriano mientras que la transfección usualmente no la requiere. El ADN extraño se asocia con el del cromosoma del huésped y se expresa como un fenotipo identificable.  3, record 17, Spanish, - ADN%20ex%C3%B3geno

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The process of identifying pathogenic organisms in water is a lengthy one; indicator germs are used for routine counting.  2, record 18, English, - indicator%20germ

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Escherichia coli(E. coli) bacteria are part of the natural intestinal flora. Therefore, coli bacteria are used as so-called indicator germs to check for pollution of drinking water and foodstuff by fecal pathogens.  3, record 18, English, - indicator%20germ

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Comme l’identification des organismes pathogènes dans l'eau est longue, le comptage de germes-test est utilisé pour les contrôles de routine.  1, record 18, French, - germe%2Dtest

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'analyse porte sur des germes test ayant une résistance aux désinfectants proche de celle des germes pathogènes.  2, record 18, French, - germe%2Dtest

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Rodding and bunging are critical preliminary operations in controlling contamination during evisceration... Furthermore, the incidence of E. coli and Salmonella was decreased if the bung was sealed before pre-evisceration washing... The tying off of the oesophagus and enclosing the rectum to prevent leakage of ingesta and feces are critical preliminary operations in controlling contamination during evisceration...  1, record 19, English, - contamination%20during%20evisceration

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] présence de souillures diffuses en provenance du tube digestif : 15 carcasses identifiées par l’entreprise comme ayant fait l’objet d’un accident d’éviscération ont été introduites dans l’essai. Visuellement, ces carcasses présentaient des couleurs jaunes verdâtres, relativement diffuses [...]  1, record 19, French, - accident%20d%27%C3%A9visc%C3%A9ration

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La viande peut être contaminée au moment de l’éviscération si ducontenu de l’intestin entre en contact avec la carcasse [...]  2, record 19, French, - accident%20d%27%C3%A9visc%C3%A9ration

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A particular plasmid that codes efficiently for transfer of itself, and also of the bacterial chromosome, by conjugation.  7, record 20, English, - F%20factor

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This plasmid is the one with which bacterial conjugation was discovered in E. coli.  7, record 20, English, - F%20factor

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Épisome capable d'effectuer son propre transfert par conjugaison vers une bactérie receveuse. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  5, record 20, French, - facteur%20F

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

1. Intégré au chromosome bactérien, le facteur F est capable d'en promouvoir le transfert. 2. Découvert chez le colibacille, le facteur F est fonctionnel chez d'autres entérobactéries. [Observation reproduite avec l'autorisation de l'AFNOR.]  5, record 20, French, - facteur%20F

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 2 OBS

facteur F; épisome F; facteur de fertilité; facteur de sexualité; facteur sexuel : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR.  6, record 20, French, - facteur%20F

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A virus particle that accidentally contains a very small portion of its host chromosome, used in transduction.  3, record 21, English, - transducing%20phage

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

They can program still other strains of bacteria to manufacture proteins they normally cannot make. Most incisive use has been made of a defective phage that carries the E. coli gene involved in the breakdown of the sugar lactose to the simpler sugars glucose and galactose.  3, record 21, English, - transducing%20phage

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Phage capable de transmettre une partie du génome d'une cellule hôte à une autre. [Définition normalisée par l'AFNOR et reproduite avec son autorisation.]  4, record 21, French, - phage%20transducteur

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

phage transducteur; particule transductrice : termes normalisés par l'AFNOR.  5, record 21, French, - phage%20transducteur

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A slow starter culture can allow growth of foodborne pathogens such as Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Listeria, and enteropathogenic E. coli which enter with raw milk or as post-pasteurization contaminants.  1, record 22, English, - slow%20starter%20culture

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The fast cultures (coagulating milk within 20 h at 21 C) are definitely proteolytic, whereas the slow variants (requiring 48 h or more to coagulate milk) bring about little, if any, protein breakdown. ... No evidence of a slow starter developing fast variants has been reported.  2, record 22, English, - slow%20starter%20culture

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Qui coagule le lait lentement  1, record 22, French, - levain%20lactique%20lent

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Source : Le lait, 1980, LX p. 403  1, record 22, French, - levain%20lactique%20lent

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... Protein [that] is a central component of the bacterial system [and] mediates recombinational DNA repair and homologous genetic recombination.  1, record 23, English, - recA%20protein

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Genomic DNA is maintained with high fidelity to guarantee the integrity of genetic information. Damaged DNA must be properly repaired by sophisticated DNA repair systems to sustain cell viability and genomic stability. Homologous recombination is the major pathway for repairing DNA double strand breaks and for re-initiating stalled replication forks in E. coli and eukaryotes. In E. coli, there are several important proteins involved in homologous recombination : RecA protein is essential for pairing homologous DNA, and for promoting the strand exchange process.  2, record 23, English, - recA%20protein

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La protéine recA, expression du gène du même nom, joue un rôle essentiel dans le processus de recombinaison homologue, qui permet la réparation de l’ADN chez Escherichia coli. La protéine recA a pour effet de dissocier les deux brins d’un ADN normal pour permettre l’excision d’une séquence destinée à complèter une brèche d’un ADN dont les deux brins sont lésés irréversiblement. Ainsi au cours de la réplication si un des deux ADN produits est anormal et ne contient plus d’information, l’autre ADN, dissocié par recA, détachera un de ses brins pour le recombiner avec l’autre ADN : de sorte qu’il y aura de chaque côté un brin porteur de l’information et que les enzymes de réparation pourront complèter les deux doubles hélices avec la même information.  1, record 23, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20recA

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Proteína que contienen la mayoría de las bacterias, esencial para la reparación y la recombinación del ADN.  1, record 23, Spanish, - prote%C3%ADna%20recA

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The chromosome of E. coli [Escherichia coli] contains many cryptic prophage and insertion sequence(IS) elements that represent horizontally transferred genes that have moved into E. coli [Escherichia coli] over time. The chromosome of E. coli contains many cryptic prophage and insertion sequence(IS) elements that represent horizontally transferred genes that have moved into E. coli over time.  1, record 24, English, - cryptic%20prophage

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une caractéristique étonnante du génome d'E. coli [Escherichia coli] est sa plasticité qui se manifeste par la présence de séquences répétitives et l'insertion de différentes familles d'éléments transposables de type IS [insertion sequence], tout comme par celle de prophages cryptiques et de vestiges d'anciens prophages.  1, record 24, French, - prophage%20cryptique

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 25, English, - E%2E%20coli%20OK

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 25, French, - E%2E%20coli%20OK

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 26, English, - E%2E%20coli%20O

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 26, French, - E%2E%20coli%20O

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Term(s) taken from a Canadian laboratory-equipment company’s catalogue.  1, record 27, English, - E%2E%20coli%20H

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme(s) tiré(s) du catalogue d'une compagnie canadienne d'équipement de laboratoire.  1, record 27, French, - E%2E%20coli%20H

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Each of the two polypeptide chains of molecular weight 17, 000 forming a regulatory subunit of the E. coli ATCase(aspartate transcarbamylase). The ATCase of E. coli can be dissociated with mercurial agents to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits.  2, record 28, English, - R%20chain

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

One atom of Zn⁺² is bound to each of the R chains and each of the R chains can bind one molecule of the modulator CTP.  1, record 28, English, - R%20chain

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chacune des deux chaînes polypeptidiques (P.M. 17 000) composant une sous-unité régulatrice de l'aspartate transcarbamylase d'E. coli (ATCase). L'ATCase d'E. coli comprend trois sous-unités régulatrices et deux sous-unités catalytiques.  2, record 28, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20R

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'aspartate-carbamyl-transférase a un poids moléculaire de 300 000. On le dissocie aisément en cinq sous-unités : - deux sous-unités catalytiques, [...] - trois sous-unités régulatrices, de poids moléculaire 34 000, et constituées chacune de deux chaînes polypeptidiques (chaînes R), liées d'ailleurs à un atome de Zinc (Zn²⁺ : chacune de ces sous-unités régulatrices possède deux sites de fixation du modulateur CTP, un sur chaque chaîne R. L'activité de ces trois sous-unités est strictement régulatrice : elles n'ont aucun pouvoir catalytique.  3, record 28, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20R

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Because recombination in yeast is primarily legitimate rather than illegitimate, it is relatively easy to replace a resident gene with whatever modified gene that you wish. For E. Coli and yeast, such replacement can be done with ease. With mouse, it is possible but very time consuming to do such replacement. For other organisms, it is not yet possible.  1, record 29, English, - resident%20gene

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] des chercheurs de l'Inra ont introduit dans le tabac le gène de la nitrate réductase (NR) sous le contrôle du promoteur 35S, afin d'optimiser l'assimilation du nitrate absorbé dans la surexpression de cette enzyme. [...] Cette fois encore, il y a eu cosuppression du transgène et du gène résident de la NR.  1, record 29, French, - g%C3%A8ne%20r%C3%A9sident

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On forcing a cell suspension at high pressure through a narrow orifice, the rapid pressure drop provides a very powerful means of disrupting the cells. In practice it is simple to design equipment to subject the cell suspension to shear forces before releasing the pressure. By changing the pressure applied, cells may be disrupted completely or only sufficiently to release periplasmic enzymes.... [Experimentors have] used a liquid shear system for the disruption of chloroplasts. The suspension was passed through a needle valve at pressures up to 20, 000 p. s. i. and a flow rate of 10 ml/min. Under these conditions, rupture of E. coli was indicated by an increase in glutamic acid decarboxylase activity.  2, record 30, English, - liquid%20shear

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In practical terms liquid shear is associated with the generation of heat. As a result subsequent increases in the temperature of the suspension of up to 40 °C may be encountered. Cell suspensions must, therefore, be introduced to the apparatus at 0-4°C to minimise loss of enzyme activity. If recycling is used then cooling before re-entry is essential. Equally, with this type of equipment the best results are obtained by using a homogeneous cell suspension. Irregular particle sizes owing to filamentous or pelleted growth modes reduce the efficiency of cell breakage.  3, record 30, English, - liquid%20shear

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Appareil permettant de provoquer la lyse des cellules ou des organites, cellulaires. Les cellules sont placées dans un liquide sous pression d'azote pendant un temps suffisant pour équilibrer les pressions extra-et intracellulaires, puis le liquide est décompressé en passant par une valve étroite, ce qui provoque la rupture des cellules.  1, record 30, French, - bombe%20%C3%A0%20azote

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A network or framework, as of fibers, filaments or macromolecular chains.  2, record 31, English, - lattice

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In order to prepare efficient immobilized E. coli cells, the type and concentration of bifunctional reagent for cross-linking and the concentration of acrylamide monomer for lattice formation were investigated systematically. These studies showed that microbial cells, macromolecular enzymes and nucleic acids are not lost from the gel lattice during the enzyme reaction, but the low molecular substrate and product can pass freely through the gel lattice.  2, record 31, English, - lattice

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Structure macromoléculaire tridimensionnelle dans laquelle les chaînes sont reliées entre elles par des liaisons le plus souvent covalentes.  1, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9seau

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les enzymes sont immobilisées par diverses méthodes afin de prolonger le plus longtemps possible leur action dans le réacteur de production. Les molécules enzymatiques peuvent être retenues par adsorption ou par liaison chimique sur un support solide comme la cellulose. Elles peuvent aussi être emprisonnées dans un réseau formé par un polymère perméable, tel qu'un gel de silice. Elles peuvent enfin être enfermées dans des capsules sphériques faites de membranes de polymères semi-perméables.  2, record 31, French, - r%C3%A9seau

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The subunit of a regulatory enzyme that has no enzymatic activity but binds the effector.  1, record 32, English, - regulatory%20subunit

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The aspartate transcarbamoylase of E. coli... can be dissociated... to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits.... The mixture retains catalytic activity but the reaction is not inhibited by CTP so long as the catalytic and regulatory subunits are detached from each other.  2, record 32, English, - regulatory%20subunit

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

See "catalytic subunit".  1, record 32, English, - regulatory%20subunit

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Sous-unité d'un enzyme allostérique capable de fixer l'effecteur allostérique (mais dépourvue d'activité catalytique).  2, record 32, French, - sous%2Dunit%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9gulatrice

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La principale action du cAMP dans le métabolisme est de stimuler l'activité des protéines kinases, un groupe d'enzymes qui catalyse la phosphorylation des protéines. [...] L'enzyme possède deux sous-unités : l'une catalytique et l'autre, régulatrice et qui peut lier le cAMP. En absence de cAMP, les sous-unités régulatrice et catalytique forment un complexe enzymatiquement inactif. La liaison du cAMP à la sous-unité régulatrice entraîne un changement conformationnel et dissocie le complexe. La sous-unité catalytique ainsi libérée est enzymatiquement active et elle phosphoryle les autres enzymes.  3, record 32, French, - sous%2Dunit%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9gulatrice

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Distinct polypeptide chain in which lies the domain accommodating the catalytic site of complex enzymes. It is completely separated from the domain building up the binding site for the regulatory effector(s). From an evolutionary viewpoint, it is probable that gene fusion did occur in most cases rather than that originally continuous polypeptide chains have separated. In some oligomeric enzymes the allosteric site may have appeared as a result of gene duplication, e.g. in glutamate dehydrogenase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, whereas in others by acquisition of a foreign structural gene, e.g. the NAD-binding domain in glycogen phosphorylase. However, in present day complex enzymes the catalytic and regulatory protein units remained separate, but associable, entities.  2, record 33, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ATCase of E. coli has... a molecular weight of about 310, 000 but can be dissociated by treatment with mercurial reagents to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits. Each of the two catalytic subunits has a molecular weight of about 100, 000 and contains three polypeptide chains of molecular weight 34, 000 called C chains. Each catalytic subunit contains three binding sites for the substrate aspartate, one on each of the three C chains. The catalytic subunits have enzymatic activity but are not sensitive to the modulator CTP.  3, record 33, English, - catalytic%20subunit

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque la molécule native d'ATCase est dissociée en un mélange de ses sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices, ce mélange fait toujours montre d'activité catalytique, mais la réaction n'est pas inhibée par le CTP tant que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices sont séparées les unes des autres. Pour que l'inhibition par le CTP puisse avoir lieu, il faut que les sous-unités catalytiques et régulatrices soient physiquement associées dans la molécule oligomérique d'ATCase intacte.  1, record 33, French, - sous%2Dunit%C3%A9%20catalytique

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The ATCase of E. coli... has a molecular weight of about 310, 000 but can be dissociated by treatment with mercurial reagents to yield two identical catalytic subunits and three identical regulatory subunits. Each of the two catalytic subunits has a molecular weight of about 100, 000 and contains three polypeptide chains of molecular weight 34, 000 called C chains. Each catalytic subunit contains three binding sites for the substrate aspartate, one on each of the three C chains. The catalytic subunits have enzymatic activity but are not sensitive to the modulator CTP.  2, record 34, English, - C%20chain

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chacune des trois chaînes polypeptidiques (P.M. 34 000) composant une sous-unité catalytique de l'aspartate transcarbamylase d'E. coli (ATCase). L'ATCase d'E. coli comprend deux sous-unités catalytiques et trois sous-unités régulatrices.  2, record 34, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20C

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chacune des 2 sous-unités catalytiques [...] de l'ATCase [...] possède trois sites de fixation pour le substrat, l'aspartate, un site sur chacune des chaînes C. Ces sous-unités catalytiques ont une activité enzymatique mais ne sont pas sensibles au modulateur CTP.  3, record 34, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20C

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir «sous-unité catalytique».  2, record 34, French, - cha%C3%AEne%20C

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A recombinant form of Human Interferon Beta made by Triton Biosciences designed to treat HIV infection and Kaposi’s Sarcoma. It is classified as: antineoplastic, antiviral, immunomodulator, antiretroviral.  1, record 35, English, - interferon%20beta%2D1b

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

BETASERON : Berlex Canada, interferon beta-1b is an immunomodulator used in ambulatory patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Betaseron is a highly purified, sterile, lyophilized protein product produced by recombinant DNA techniques and formulated for use by injection. It is manufactured by bacterial fermentation of a strain of E. coli that bears a genetically engineered plasmid containing the gene for human interferon betaser17. The native gene was obtained from human fibroblasts and altered in a way that substitutes serine for the cysteine residue found at position 17.  1, record 35, English, - interferon%20beta%2D1b

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Canadian Food Inspection Agency. The objective of this Code of Practice is to define "Good Agricultural and Manufacturing Practices" to promote the production and sale in Canada of unpasteurized fruit juice/cider that is safe and of the highest quality. It sets out recommendations for growing, harvesting, transporting, storing, processing, packaging and distributing. Its aim is preventing the contamination of juice/cider by pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli O157 : H7.  1, record 36, English, - Code%20of%20Practice%20for%20the%20Production%20and%20Distribution%20of%20Unpasteurized%20Apple%20and%20Other%20Fruit%20Juice%2FCider%20in%20Canada

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Agence canadienne d'inspection des aliments. Le code d'usages a pour objet de définir les «bonnes pratiques agricoles et manufacturières» visant à favoriser la production et la vente au Canada de jus de fruit non pasteurisé salubre et de la plus haute qualité possible. Il expose les recommandations touchant la culture, la cueillette, le transport, la conservation, la transformation, l'emballage et la distribution. Il a pour objet de prévenir la contamination du jus par des micro-organismes pathogènes, comme E. coli O157:H7.  1, record 36, French, - Code%20d%27usages%20pour%20la%20production%20et%20la%20distribution%20de%20jus%20de%20pomme%20et%20de%20jus%20d%27autres%20fruits%20non%20pasteuris%C3%A9s%20au%20Canada

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A substance is deleterious if it is harmful to fish, if it limits the use of fish by humans(for example contamination of fish by dioxins or shellfish by E. coli), or if by going through some process of degradation, it harms the water quality(for example, oxygen-depleting wastes). A substance is also deleterious if it exceeds a level prescribed by regulation.  1, record 37, English, - deleterious%20substance

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour qu'un secteur soit ouvert à l'exploitation, il doit répondre aux normes canadiennes et américaines de contrôle de salubrité des eaux des secteurs coquilliers :a) le secteur ne doit pas être contaminé par des matières fécales ou par des substances délétères et toxiques au point que la consommation des mollusques de ce secteur s'avère dangereuse [...]  2, record 37, French, - substance%20d%C3%A9l%C3%A9t%C3%A8re

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hospital-associated urinary tract infections most frequently occur following urologic instrumentation, usually with urethral catheters.  2, record 38, English, - nosocomial%20urinary%20tract%20infection

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The principal organisms involved in nosocomial urinary tract infections are as follows :E. Coli(33 per cent), enterococci(15 per cent), Proteus(15 per cent), Klebsiella(10 per cent), and Pseudomonas(10 per cent).  3, record 38, English, - nosocomial%20urinary%20tract%20infection

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les signes cliniques de l'infection urinaire nosocomiale sont le plus souvent absent.  2, record 38, French, - infection%20nosocomiale%20des%20voies%20urinaires

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Enteric: pertaining to the small intestine ... enteric colibacillosis manifested as Escherichia coli gastro-enteritis in weaned pigs and as colibacillosis of newborn animals of any species.  3, record 39, English, - enteric%20colibacillosis

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Diary calves receiving milk replacer are more susceptible to enteric colibacillosis than those fed cow's milk, and when they are raised under intensified conditions, the rate of morbidity due to infection with E. coli may reach 75%. In pigs, enteric colibacillosis is responsible for about half of all intestinal diseases seen during the preweaning period and is also an important cause of death in weanling piglets.  4, record 39, English, - enteric%20colibacillosis

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La colibacilosis entérica se manifiesta por severas diarreas sin septicemia y está causada por cepas enteropatógenas de E. coli [...]  1, record 39, Spanish, - colibacilosis%20ent%C3%A9rica

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a serious threat to the economic success of the swine industry both due to losses as a result of mortalities and due to the reduced growth performance of surviving pigs. It is estimated that 50% of piglet mortality due to diarrhea is attributable to the causative agent of PWD, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).  1, record 40, English, - postweaning%20diarrhea

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On some farms post-weaning scours due to E. coli persists despite vaccination, aggressive use of antibiotics, and improved facility sanitation.  3, record 40, English, - postweaning%20diarrhea

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce vaccin vise à prévenir la diarrhée post-sevrage des porcelets, une infection bactérienne qui connaît une forte recrudescence à l’échelle mondiale. Très coûteuse, cette maladie ne fait pas que retarder la croissance des animaux, mais elle peut causer jusqu’à 10 % de mortalité dans les troupeaux affectés.  1, record 40, French, - diarrh%C3%A9e%20post%2Dsevrage

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La diarrea post-destete suele aparecer a partir del 7o día y es en principio un disturbio funcional del intestino como consecuencia del cambio de dieta que luego, en segunda instancia, se transforma en infeccioso.  1, record 40, Spanish, - diarrea%20post%2Ddestete

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The most important aspect of our cloning vectors is that they are based on the E. coli F-factor replicon. It allows for strict copy number control of the clones so that they are stably maintained at 1-2 copies per cell. The stability of the cloned DNA during propagation in E. coli host is substantially higher in lower-copy number vectors than in multi-copy counterparts.... The stabilizing effect of BAC and cosmid vectors is notable especially for certain genomic DNA that are normally unstable in high copy number vectors.  1, record 41, English, - bacterial%20artificial%20chromosome

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fragment d'ADN cloné dans une souche d'E. coli contenant le facteur F.  1, record 41, French, - chromosome%20artificiel%20bact%C3%A9rien

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'avantage [du facteur F] est sa grande efficacité de clonage, la stabilité de l'insert et la facilité de manipulation et de préparation de l'ADN cloné qui représente une source facile à produire.  3, record 41, French, - chromosome%20artificiel%20bact%C3%A9rien

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vector de clonación generado en el laboratorio que permite insertar segmentos largos de ADN [...] provenientes de otras especies en el genoma de bacterias.  1, record 41, Spanish, - cromosoma%20artificial%20bacteriano

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Local authorities took action on 19 September, after identifying practices that could result in contamination of cooked meat at the supplier's premises. E. coli O157 has been isolated from three samples of sliced cooked meat.  1, record 42, English, - sliced%20cooked%20meat

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les pouvoirs publics locaux sont intervenus le 19 septembre, après avoir décelé dans les installations du fournisseur des pratiques susceptibles de contaminer les viandes cuites. On a isolé la bactérie E. Coli O157 à partir de trois échantillons de viande cuite tranchée.  1, record 42, French, - viande%20cuite%20tranch%C3%A9e

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 43,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A form of gastroenteritis that is through travel to developing countries, most often caused by a toxigenic E. Coli bacteria.  1, record 43, English, - traveler%26rsquo%3Bs%20diarrhea

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Other causative agents include: Shigella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Rotavirus, Giardia and amoebas.  1, record 43, English, - traveler%26rsquo%3Bs%20diarrhea

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 OBS

turista: Term for traveler’s diarrhea, of Mexican derivation.  1, record 43, English, - traveler%26rsquo%3Bs%20diarrhea

Record 43,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La diarrhée des voyageurs, ou «tourista», est habituellement causée par les variations de pureté de l'eau consommée au cours du voyage. Dans certains pays, l'eau contient des organismes qui provoquent la diarrhée chez les personnes qui n'y sont pas habituées.  5, record 43, French, - diarrh%C3%A9e%20des%20voyageurs

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les colibacilles entérotoxinogènes représentent une des causes majeures de diarrhée infectieuse aiguë [...] En outre, ce sont les germes les plus fréquemment retrouvés dans la «diarrhée du voyageur» appelée encore «tourista» au Mexique.  3, record 43, French, - diarrh%C3%A9e%20des%20voyageurs

Record 43,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 44,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

E. coli sensitivity to 12 commonly used antibiotics was determined by the standard disc test(Bauer-Kirby).  1, record 44, English, - standard%20disc%20test

Record 44,  Textual support,  French

Record 44,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 45,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An enzyme that causes negative supercoiling of E. coli DNA during replication.  2, record 45, English, - gyrase

Record 45,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme capable d'introduire dans l'ADN des supertours négatifs.  1, record 45, French, - gyrase

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La gyrase est une topoïsomérase de type II.  1, record 45, French, - gyrase

Record 45,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 46,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vitamin K is a lipid-soluble vitamin that functions as an essential cofactor for photosynthesis in plants and blood clotting in animals. In several bacteria, vitamin K2(menaquinones) are used in anaerobic fermentation in fumarate reduction. We are studying the biosynthetic pathway of vitamin K1(phylloquinone) in photosynthetic organisms. Prokaryotes and chloroplasts contain metabolic pathways to synthesize vitamin K. The genes for the enzymes involved in conversion of chorismate to menaquinone have been cloned in E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The pathway of phylloquinone formation in chloroplasts is considered to be similar to the bacterial menaquinone synthesis pathway.  3, record 46, English, - menaquinone

Record 46,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 46, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tiré de la base de données Pascal : Libro-pharma, prob. tech., 1979, 27 (293) 953-962. (Institut Libre, Bruxelles).  3, record 46, French, - m%C3%A9naquinone

Record 46,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 47,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pCOR plasmids are narrow-host range plasmid vectors for nonviral gene therapy. These plasmids contain a conditional origin of replication and must be propagated in a specifically engineered E. coli host strain, greatly reducing the potential for propagation in the environment or in treated patients.  3, record 47, English, - plasmid%20with%20a%20conditional%20origin%20of%20replication

Record 47,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Afin d’améliorer la sécurité de notre vecteur non viral et notamment réduire le risque de dissémination du vecteur dans l’environnement et chez le patient, nous avons construit un nouveau plasmide doté d'une origine de réplication conditionnelle (pCOR). Cette plate-forme pCOR a été utilisée avec succès pour le transfert de gènes marqueurs et thérapeutiques (FGF-1, VEGFs) [...]  1, record 47, French, - plasmide%20dot%C3%A9%20d%27une%20origine%20de%20r%C3%A9plication%20conditionnelle

Record number: 47, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'abréviation anglaise pCOR est largement utilisée en français.  3, record 47, French, - plasmide%20dot%C3%A9%20d%27une%20origine%20de%20r%C3%A9plication%20conditionnelle

Record 47,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 48,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Canadian Food Inspection Agency pamphlet, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 48, English, - Food%20Safety%20Tips%20on%20E%2E%20coli%200157%20%3A%20H7

Record 48,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 48, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dépliant de l'Agence canadienne d'inspection des aliments, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 48, French, - Quelques%20conseils%20sur%20la%20salubrit%C3%A9%20des%20aliments%20%3A%20la%20bact%C3%A9rie%20E%2E%20coli%200157%3AH7

Record 48,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 49,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Penicillin acylase from E. coli is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for the mild hydrolysis of penicillin G, obtained by fermentation. The product, 6-aminopenicillanic acid(6-APA), is the starting material in the production of new, semisynthetic penicillins. Usually, crude penicillin acylase preparations are employed(either bound to insoluble matrices, or as soluble enzyme). This is the reason why few purification to homogeneity procedures have been described so far, and why little is known about acylase physico-chemical characteristics.  3, record 49, English, - semisynthetic

Record 49,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Se dit d'un produit dérivé de substances naturelles mais n'existant pas lui-même dans la nature.  2, record 49, French, - semi%2Dsynth%C3%A9tique

Record number: 49, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'amidase P. chrysogenum libère l'APA, ce qui a permis son obtention industrielle et la fabrication des pénicillines semi-synthétiques.  3, record 49, French, - semi%2Dsynth%C3%A9tique

Record 49,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 50,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 50, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mechanically tenderized meat can also harbor E. coli.  2, record 50, English, - tenderized

Record 50,  Textual support,  French

Record 50,  Textual support,  Spanish