TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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Unlike other sector's emissions, greenhouse gas emissions from the Land Use/Forestry Sector are considered to be kept in equilibrium due to the natural cycle of plants which uptake(sequester) carbon dioxide during plant growth and release it during decay or burning.  3, record 1, English, - natural%20cycle%20of%20plants

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More recently, because of the industrialization and specialization of agriculture, the cycle of plants providing food for animals and humans, animals providing food for humans, and nutrients recycling from humans and animals that replenished the soil decreased as agriculturists came to prefer the convenience, cost, and consistency of nutrients from commercial fertilizer.  2, record 1, English, - natural%20cycle%20of%20plants

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[A] natural cycle [is] a series of events in nature that repeat over and over, usually involving a complete process of growth or action. Examples include: the oxygen, nutrient, hydrologic and mineral cycles.  4, record 1, English, - natural%20cycle%20of%20plants

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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La phytoremédiation [est un] processus lent [qui] dépend du cycle naturel des plantes.  1, record 1, French, - cycle%20naturel%20des%20plantes

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Le fauchage tardif [...] tient compte de la diversité biologique et permet l'accomplissement du cycle des plantes.  2, record 1, French, - cycle%20naturel%20des%20plantes

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Equal to rate of growth plus rate of recruitment less rate of natural mortality—all in terms of weight and on an instantaneous basis. In a "balanced" or equilibrium fishery, this increment replaces what is removed by fishing, and rate of surplus production is numerically equal to rate of fishing.  2, record 2, English, - instantaneous%20rate%20of%20surplus%20production

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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Égal au taux de croissance, plus taux de recrutement, moins taux de mortalité naturelle (tous calculés en poids et sur base instantanée). Dans une pêche équilibrée, cette augmentation remplace la perte due à la pêche et le taux de production excédentaire est numériquement égal aux taux de pêche.  1, record 2, French, - taux%20instantan%C3%A9%20de%20production%20exc%C3%A9dentaire

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In order to prove the strand separation hypothesis, methods had to be found for the physical separation of parental and daughter DNA molecules. This was first accomplished through use of heavy isotopes such as N¹⁵. Bacteria grown in a medium containing the heavy isotope N¹⁵ have denser DNA than bacteria grown under normal conditions with N¹⁴. Heavy DNA can be separated from light DNA by equilibrium centrifugation in concentrated solutions of heavy salts such as cesium chloride. If DNA replication involves strand separation, definite predictions can be made about the density of the DNA molecules found after various growth intervals in a light medium. After one generation of growth, all the DNA molecules should contain one heavy and one light strand and thus be of intermediate hybrid density. This result is exactly what is observed. Likewise, after two generations of growth, half the DNA molecules are light and half hybrid, just as strand separation predicts.  1, record 3, English, - strand%20separation

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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Historiquement, trois mécanismes possibles de réplication du DNA ont été proposés : 1) la réplication conservative de DNA. Chacun des brins du DNA parental est répliqué, sans séparation des brins, en donnant du DNA d'origine et du DNA néoformé. 2) la réplication semi-conservatrice du DNA lourd. A la première génération, chaque double hélice contient un des brins d'origine parentale. 3) la réplication dispersive. Pendant la réplication, les chaînes parentales se fragmentent de place en place, et les segments néoformés se recombinent, dans le même brin, avec des segments d'origine parentale. Des expériences ingénieuses, imaginées et réalisées par Meselson et Stahl en 1957-1958, ont montré sans équivoque que, dans les cellules vivantes intactes d'E. coli, le DNA se réplique par le mécanisme semi-conservatif posé en postulat par Watson et Crick.  2, record 3, French, - s%C3%A9paration%20des%20brins

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A metamorphic process occurring in a dry snowpack with a weak temperature gradient where branched and angular snow crystals decompose into rounded shapes.  11, record 4, English, - rounding

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The rounding process builds rounded grains (rounds) which bond well to one another creating a snowpack (or layer) that is generally increasingly strong.  12, record 4, English, - rounding

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The following conditions promote rounding: - A weak temperature gradient generally less than 1 degree C per 10 cm (which moves water vapour slowly from warm areas to cold). - Dense, tightly packed snow. - Small grains (which produce denser snow). - A high snow temperature, typically above -10 degrees C (which promotes weaker temperature gradients).  12, record 4, English, - rounding

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As the temperatures penetrate the snowpack, it will promote rounding. [Example approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.]  13, record 4, English, - rounding

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equilibrium growth : This metamorphic process has always been believed to be driven by radius dependent vapor pressure gradients, but this is currently under investigation and is being re-thought by scientists.  14, record 4, English, - rounding

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In older popular literature originating mostly from the United States, the term "equitemperature metamorphism" has been used to describe the process of generating rounded forms ... Since temperature gradients largely determine the rate of growth (even in wet snow), and therefore the form, ... and since "equitemperature" conditions are nearly impossible to have in dry alpine snow, [this] term is not recommended [and was replaced in the late 1980 by rounding].  15, record 4, English, - rounding

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rounding: term officially approved by the Avalanche Bulletin Terminology Standardization Committee.  11, record 4, English, - rounding

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Métamorphose de neige sèche commandée par un gradient faible (G<0,1 °C/cm) [dont] l'effet prédominant est l'effet de rayon de courbure qui conduit au frittage et à la formation de grains fins.  6, record 4, French, - arrondissement%20des%20grains

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Métamorphose de faible gradient : vers les grains fins. Quand, pendant une assez longue période, la température à la surface de la neige reste faiblement négative (avec par exemple de faibles amplitudes entre le jour et la nuit) ou lorsque le manteau neigeux est très épais, les différences de températures au sein du manteau neigeux sont assez faibles. C'est dans ce cas que la neige subit la métamorphose de faible gradient (appelée aussi anciennement métamorphose d'isothermie). Alors, les particules reconnaissables vont s'arrondir (disparition des pointes, comblement des creux). La taille des grains devient relativement uniforme et nettement inférieure au mm. Les cristaux de neige obtenus s'appellent des grains fins [...]. C'est typiquement le genre de cristaux que l'on peut rencontrer dans la neige de piste damée ou dans celle que l'on peut découper en bloc pour construire un igloo. [...] L'arrondissement des grains et la diminution de leur taille rendent cette neige plus solide, plus dense (250 à 350 kg/m3) et, d'une certaine manière plus stable.  7, record 4, French, - arrondissement%20des%20grains

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Le réchauffement du manteau neigeux favorise l'arrondissement des grains. [Exemple entériné par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.]  8, record 4, French, - arrondissement%20des%20grains

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grain fin : Équivalent français de «rounded grain». Le «grain rond» français se rend par «wet grain» ou «melt-freeze particle».  9, record 4, French, - arrondissement%20des%20grains

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

arrondissement des grains : terme uniformisé par le Comité d'uniformisation de la terminologie des bulletins d'avalanche.  10, record 4, French, - arrondissement%20des%20grains

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The growth of moulds is dependent on the humidity of the air in the space between the seeds. The "critical moisture level" for a particular type of seed is the percentage moisture of the seed when it is in equilibrium with an atmospheric RH [relative humidity] of about 70% at 25 degrees C. This is the minimum moisture level required for the germination of spores of many spoilage moulds at moderate temperatures.  1, record 5, English, - critical%20moisture%20level

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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La prolifération des moisissures est influencée par l'humidité de l'air dans les espaces entre les graines. Le «degré d'humidité critique» pour un genre particulier de graines équivaut au pourcentage d'humidité de la graine lorsque ce pourcentage est en équilibre avec une humidité relative de l'atmosphère d'environ 70 % à 25 degrés C. Ce degré d'humidité est le minimum nécessaire pour la germination des spores de bon nombre de moisissures qui détériorent les graines à des températures modérées.  1, record 5, French, - degr%C3%A9%20d%27humidit%C3%A9%20critique

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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The direct cost method ignores that the [economic] impact may change the price(the partial equilibrium effect), that changes in one market may have effects on other markets(the general equilibrium effect), and that climate change may alter investments(the growth effect).  3, record 6, English, - general%20equilibrium%20effect

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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Ces changements [effets directs et indirects des interventions] se propagent par le biais de liens intersectoriaux et d'interdépendance entre industries (appelé techniquement en jargon économique «effet d'équilibre général»).  2, record 6, French, - effet%20d%27%C3%A9quilibre%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The trace element iron has been recently shown to play a critical role in nutrient utilization, phytoplankton growth and therefore the uptake of carbon dioxide from the surface waters of the global ocean. Carbon fixation in the surface waters, via phytoplankton growth, shifts the ocean/atmosphere exchange equilibrium for carbon dioxide. As a result, levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide(a greenhouse gas) and iron flux to the oceans have been linked to climate change(glacial to interglacial transitions). These recent findings have led some to suggest that large scale iron fertilization of the world's oceans may therefore be a feasible strategy for controlling climate.  2, record 7, English, - iron%20fertilization

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

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À la surface des océans, le phytoplancton absorbe le CO₂ atmosphérique via la photosynthèse. [...] La stimulation de la production du phytoplancton permettrait donc d'augmenter la pompe biologique du carbone. Différentes méthodes ont été proposées pour stimuler cette productivité marine, parmi lesquelles : la fertilisation par le fer («iron fertilization»), la culture intensive des algues [...] Un apport de fer aux zones océaniques déficitaires permettrait donc de stimuler la production primaire marine, et par conséquent d'augmenter l'exportation de carbone vers les fonds océaniques.  2, record 7, French, - fertilisation%20par%20le%20fer

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The price of tradables relative to non-tradables that, for given long-term equilibrium(or sustainable) values of other relevant variables such as trade taxes, international prices, capital and aid flows and technology, leads to the simultaneous attainment of internal and external equilibrium and is compatible with long-term economic growth.  3, record 8, English, - equilibrium%20real%20exchange%20rate

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Les deux marchés (marché des biens échangeables et marché des biens non échangeables) sont à l'équilibre. Le prix relatif qui correspond à cet équilibre est le taux de change réel d'équilibre.  3, record 8, French, - taux%20de%20change%20r%C3%A9el%20d%27%C3%A9quilibre

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Referring to conditions of pressure, temperature, and composition under which two or more solid phases crystallize at the same time, with no resorption, from a single liquid over a finite range of decreasing temperature.  2, record 9, English, - cotectic

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the growth rate for plagioclase were much greater, this mineral could crystallize almost completely before the pyroxene substantially developed. Such a phenomenon could not develop under equilibrium conditions where cotectic(simultaneous) crystallization of both phases would occur at a very early stage.... The observation that [the ophitic] texture is normally absent in coarser gabbros of the same composition that have cooled very slowly supports this hypothesis, as does the fact that it is pyroxene rather than plagioclase that is generally observed to have separated prior to cotectic precipitation during fractional crystallization of differentiated tholeiitic sills...  3, record 9, English, - cotectic

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Courbe cotectique, cristallisation cotectique, surface cotectique.  2, record 9, French, - cotectique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Level of minimum unemployment with equilibrium in the supply and demand of work. In the strictest sense, it is when the level of employment guarantees economic growth and price stability. Over/full employment is when the posts that are not covered exceed the number of unemployed people.  2, record 10, English, - full%20employment

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

full employment: term and definition reproduced from the CAPITAL Business Dictionary with the permission of LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 10, English, - full%20employment

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Niveau de chômage minimal, avec un équilibre de l'offre et de la demande de travail. Au sens strict, niveau d'emploi qui garantit la croissance de l'économie et la stabilité des prix. On parle de suremploi (over/full employment) lorsque les postes à pourvoir excèdent les sans-emploi. Même dans ce cas il y aura toujours un chômage frictionnel.  3, record 10, French, - plein%20emploi

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

plein emploi : terme et définition extraits du CAPITAL Business Dictionary et reproduits avec l'autorisation de LID Editorial Empresarial.  4, record 10, French, - plein%20emploi

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Nivel de desempleo mínimo, con equilibrio de la oferta y la demanda de trabajo. En sentido estricto, nivel de empleo (over/full employment) cuando los puestos sin cubrir exceden a los desempleados. Aun en este caso siempre habrá cierto paro friccional.  2, record 10, Spanish, - pleno%20empleo

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pleno empleo: término y definición extraídos del CAPITAL Business Dictionary con la autorización de LID Editorial Empresarial.  3, record 10, Spanish, - pleno%20empleo

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In irregular forests, for which yield analysis at the stand level remains suitable, growth studies must take into account conditions of equilibrium, that is, sustained recruitment.  1, record 11, English, - sustained%20recruitment

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les forêts irrégulières, qu'il convient quant à la production de continuer d'analyser sur un plan collectif, les études de croissance doivent tenir compte des conditions d'équilibre, c'est-à-dire du recrutement soutenu.  1, record 11, French, - recrutement%20soutenu

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If a stock in equilibrium at any mass(...) is released from fishing pressure it will start growing at the rate established by expression 13. 1(...) the growth curve is the S-shaped "logistic" curve of Verhulst(...)  1, record 12, English, - logistic%20curve%20of%20Verhulst

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pour passer à la relation entre population et temps il faut intégrer l'équation (42) (...) [l'opération] se traduit par la courbe logistique ou courbe de Verhulst-Pearl (...)  1, record 12, French, - courbe%20logistique

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish