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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Traditionally, evidence on affidavit is only admissible where it is affirmed by oral evidence of the deponent, failing which it will be considered hearsay and as such will be inadmissible. Further, the accused may argue prejudice, against the use of affidavits, as he will not have an opportunity to cross examine the evidence in the affidavit.  6, record 1, English, - affidavit%20on%20evidence

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Témoignage transcrit volontairement dans un document fait sous serment servant de déclaration et qui peut être utilisé comme un élément de preuve au cours d'un procès civil ou criminel.  4, record 1, French, - t%C3%A9moignage%20par%20affidavit

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

At the bail hearing : the Crown prosecutor summarizes the nature of the offence, the evidence against the accused and the factors that will assist the Court in deciding if the accused should be held in custody or released until the trial. In some places, the police may represent the Crown prosecutor at bail hearings; and the Court must take into account any evidence about the need to ensure the victim or witness's safety. This can include the seriousness of the charge or whether it involved violence.  2, record 2, English, - bail%20hearing

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

bail hearing: designation used in the Criminal Code.  3, record 2, English, - bail%20hearing

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Pendant l'audience sur la libération sous caution : le procureur de la Couronne résume la nature de l'infraction, les preuves contre l'accusé et les facteurs qui aideront le tribunal à décider si l'accusé doit être détenu ou libéré jusqu'à son procès. Dans certains endroits, la police peut représenter le procureur de la Couronne pendant les audiences sur la mise en liberté sous caution; le tribunal doit tenir compte de toute preuve concernant le besoin d'assurer la sécurité de la victime ou des témoins. Les facteurs à prendre en compte peuvent comprendre la gravité de l'accusation ou la présence de violence pendant l'infraction.  3, record 2, French, - audience%20sur%20la%20lib%C3%A9ration%20sous%20caution

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

audience sur le cautionnement : désignation employée dans le Code criminel.  4, record 2, French, - audience%20sur%20la%20lib%C3%A9ration%20sous%20caution

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A reasonable prospect of conviction requires that there be more than a bare "prima facie" case, or in other words, it requires more than evidence that is capable of making out each of the necessary elements of the alleged offence against an accused. However, the test does not require a probability of conviction, that is, it does not require a conclusion that a conviction is more likely than not.  2, record 3, English, - reasonable%20prospect%20of%20conviction

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une perspective raisonnable de condamnation exige qu'il y ait plus qu'une preuve «prima facie»; en d'autres mots, qu'il y ait des éléments de preuve au procès permettant de prouver chaque élément nécessaire de l'infraction contre un accusé. Cependant, le critère n'exige pas qu'il y ait une probabilité de condamnation, c'est-à-dire une conclusion selon laquelle il est plus probable que l'accusé soit condamné qu'il soit acquitté.  2, record 3, French, - perspective%20raisonnable%20de%20condamnation

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

perspective raisonnable de condamnation : terme tiré du mini-lexique «Violence faite aux femmes» et reproduit avec l'autorisation du Centre de ressources en français juridique de l'Université de Saint-Boniface.  3, record 3, French, - perspective%20raisonnable%20de%20condamnation

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In a criminal proceeding, a presumption that operates against the accused may, subject to subsection 11(2), be rebutted by evidence sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt as to the existence of the presumed fact.  1, record 4, English, - operate%20against%20the%20accused

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En matière criminelle, toute présomption jouant contre l'accusé peut, sous réserve du fardeau de persuasion concernant la question d'aliénation mentale visé à l'article 11, être repoussée par une preuve qui soulève un doute raisonnable quant à l'existence du fait présumé.  2, record 4, French, - jouer%20contre%20l%27accus%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Psychiatric assessment... Any statement communicated by an accused to a qualified medical practitioner during the course of a court-ordered psychiatric observation, examination or assessment is privileged and, unless the accused has first put his mental condition in issue, no evidence of or relating to that statement is admissible against the accused in any proceeding before a court, tribunal, body or person having power to compel the production of evidence, other than a hearing to determine the fitness of the accused to stand trial or conduct his defence.  2, record 5, English, - privilege%20for%20psychiatric%20assessment

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Evidence of a witness's consistent statement is generally inadmissible according to a common law rule which has been called variously, the rule against narrative, self-confirmation, or self-serving statements. In Canadian law, the exceptions to this rule, which allow evidence of a witness's prior consistent statement, are :(1) evidence of an eyewitness's prior identification of an accused,(2) evidence of recent complaint by the victim of a sexual offence, and(3) evidence to rebut impeachment of a witness's credibility suggesting that his testimony was a fabrication or concoction(recent fabrication).  1, record 6, English, - rule%20against%20narrative

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The role of the Police officer is then to confiscate the incriminating object.  2, record 7, English, - incriminating%20object

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... "the plain view" doctrine has been applied where a police officer is not searching for evidence against the accused, but nonetheless inadvertently comes across an incriminating object.  3, record 7, English, - incriminating%20object

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le rôle de l'agent de confisquer l'objet incriminant.  2, record 7, French, - objet%20incriminant

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A statement in which an accused person acknowledges having committed the crime.  2, record 8, English, - direct%20confession

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Even with a direct confession of guilt, the defendant can find a way to have it later thrown out through one or another loophole.  3, record 8, English, - direct%20confession

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Confession, in law, the formal admission of criminal guilt, usually obtained in the course of examination by the police or prosecutor or at trial. For a confession to be admissible as evidence against an accused individual, it generally must have been procured voluntarily after the person was informed of his or her right to remain silent and right to consult an attorney.  4, record 8, English, - direct%20confession

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] il [Brown] a toujours nié l'avoir fait, malgré que les enquêteurs aient exercé sur lui de fortes pressions psychologiques pour le faire avouer; il n'a pas fait non plus d'aveu direct à quelque autre personne, y compris son épouse.  1, record 8, French, - aveu%20direct

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

aveu : reconnaissance d'un fait de nature à produire des conséquences juridiques contre son auteur.  2, record 8, French, - aveu%20direct

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The conduct of legal proceedings according to established principles and rules which safeguard the position of the individual charged.  4, record 9, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The concept of due process is rooted in English common law and expressed in "Magna Carta", Art. 39 (1215), whereby the King promised that ’No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way destroyed ... except by the legal judgment of his peers or by the law of the land’. This was later interpreted to require trial by jury.  4, record 9, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

"Due process" is an imprecise and elastic term, the meaning of which varies with time and place. Basically, it suggests fundamental fairness and tries to apply that concept to all parts of the criminal process. The breadth of the concept depends upon the subjective view of the American courts, particularly the United States Supreme Court. In the last twenty years "due process" has included protections against self-incrimination, coerced confessions, illegal searches, denial of counsel or jury trial and unregulated eavesdropping. In the American system a judicial finding that law enforcement officials have offended due process will result in a complete exclusion of the impugned evidence and will usually result in the acquittal of the accused.  5, record 9, English, - due%20process%20of%20law

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Notion corollaire à celle de la primauté du droit, «q.v.», à savoir que les gouvernements sont tenus de respecter les droits fondamentaux des citoyens et les principes de justice naturelle dans l'application du droit, à défaut de quoi une décision administrative pourra se voir annulée par un tribunal à la demande du citoyen concerné. Les principes de justice naturelle en question sont : (1) le droit du citoyen d'être entendu et, (2) l'obligation pour le tribunal ou l'autorité compétente d'être impartiale, ce qui implique notamment la prohibition de toute forme de discrimination et l'égalité de traitement de tous.  4, record 9, French, - application%20r%C3%A9guli%C3%A8re%20de%20la%20loi

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

debido procedimiento legal: reproducido del Glosario Provisional de Términos Jurídicos con la autorización de la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas en Ginebra.  3, record 9, Spanish, - debido%20procedimiento%20legal

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Where, as here, the evidence against an accused is significantly stronger…  1, record 10, English, - evidence%20against%20an%20accused

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Lorsque, comme en l'espèce, la preuve qui pèse contre un accusé est plus convaincante [...]  1, record 10, French, - preuve%20qui%20p%C3%A8se%20contre%20un%20accus%C3%A9

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Prior to any custodial interrogation(that is, questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person is taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his freedom in any significant way) the person must be warned... Unless and until these warnings or a waiver of these rights are demonstrated at the trial, no evidence obtained in the interrogation may be used against the accused.  2, record 11, English, - Miranda%20warnings

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish