TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

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A rocket propellant consisting of a single substance, especially a liquid, capable of creating rocket thrust without the addition of a second substance.  3, record 1, English, - monopropellant

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A monopropellant is a chemical propulsion fuel which does not require a separate oxidizer. A rocket engine which is based on a monopropellant requires only one fuel line instead of a fuel and an oxidizer line. The "mono" in monopropellant means singular - a fuel that can function alone. A chemical propulsion system that combines like hydrogen and oxygen would be a bipropellant. A monopropellant burns by itself because the oxidizer is bound into the molecule itself. This makes the rocket engine lighter, less expensive, and more reliable. Monopropellant designs are typically used in control thrusters but not in actual propulsion units.  4, record 1, English, - monopropellant

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The most commonly used monopropellant is hydrazine(N2H4), a chemical which is characterized as "strongly reducing". The most common catalyst is granular alumina coated with iridium(aka. Shell-405). There is no igniter with hydrazine. Shell 405 is a spontaneous catalyst, that is, hydrazine decomposes on contact with the catalyst. The reaction is highly exothermic and produces an 1800°F(1000°C) gas that is a mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia. Another monopropellant is hydrogen peroxide, which, when purified to 90% or higher concentration, is self-decomposing at high temperatures or when a catalyst is present.  5, record 1, English, - monopropellant

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Propergol ne contenant qu'un seul constituant dont la formation est endothermique ou dont la molécule contient à la fois le comburant et le combustible.  3, record 1, French, - monoergol

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Le peroxyde d'hydrogène (eau oxygénée) et l'hydrazine sont des monoergols quand ils agissent par décomposition.  4, record 1, French, - monoergol

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monergol : terme et définition uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de terminologie des munitions.  5, record 1, French, - monoergol

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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"pyrotechnic substance" :... a substance or a mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as the result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.  2, record 2, English, - exothermic%20chemical%20reaction

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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«matière pyrotechnique» : [...] matière (ou mélange de matières) destinée à produire un effet calorifique, lumineux, sonore, gazeux ou fumigène ou une combinaison de tels effets, grâce à des réactions chimiques exothermiques auto-entretenues non détonantes.  2, record 2, French, - r%C3%A9action%20chimique%20exothermique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Reacción que se produce con desprendimiento de calor.  1, record 2, Spanish, - reacci%C3%B3n%20qu%C3%ADmica%20exot%C3%A9rmica

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Los intercambios térmicos permiten definir la noción de calor de reacción [...] y de clasificar las reacciones en exotérmicas (que desprenden calor, engendrado por la ruptura de enlaces) y endotérmicas, que absorben calor [...]  2, record 2, Spanish, - reacci%C3%B3n%20qu%C3%ADmica%20exot%C3%A9rmica

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Las reacciones químicas suelen estar acompañadas de efectos térmicos; se denominan exotérmicas las que transcurren con liberación de calor y endotérmicas aquellas en las que se produce absorción.  2, record 2, Spanish, - reacci%C3%B3n%20qu%C3%ADmica%20exot%C3%A9rmica

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tending toward decomposition or other unwanted chemical change during normal handling or storage.  2, record 3, English, - unstable

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An unstable chemical in its pure state, or as commonly produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or become self-reactive under conditions of shock, pressure, or temperature. See also Stability.  2, record 3, English, - unstable

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Some substances are unstable; that is, they react when heated or when they come into contact with another product. As a result, they may cause pressure build-up or increases in temperature, or they may release toxic or corrosive products.  3, record 3, English, - unstable

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unstable : The opposite of "stable, "i. e. the chemical species concerned has a higher molar Gibbs energy than some assumed standard. The term should not be used in place of "reactive" or "transient, "although more reactive or transient species are frequently also more unstable.(Very unstable chemical species tend to undergo exothermic unimolecular decompositions. Variations in the structure of the related chemical species of this kind generally affect the energy of the transition states for these decompositions less than they affect the stability of the decomposing chemical species. Low stability may therefore parallel a relatively high rate of unimolecular decomposition.)  4, record 3, English, - unstable

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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combinaison instable : qui se décompose facilement en ses éléments.  2, record 3, French, - instable

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instable : Contraire de «stable»; en d'autres termes, l'énergie de Gibbs molaire de l'espèce chimique concernée est plus élevée que celle d'une référence sous-entendue. Ce terme ne doit pas être utilisé comme synonyme de «réactif» ou de «transitoire», bien que souvent les espèces les plus réactives ou les plus éphémères soient aussi les plus instables. (Les espèces chimiques très instables ont tendance à subir des décompositions unimoléculaires exothermiques. Généralement, les variations de structure d'espèces chimiques de ce type, appartenant à une même famille, affectent moins l'énergie es états de transition de leur décomposition que leur stabilité. Dans ce contexte, une faible stabilité peut signifier que la décomposition unimoléculaire est relativement rapide).  3, record 3, French, - instable

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Se aplica a los compuestos químicos que se descomponen con facilidad.  2, record 3, Spanish, - inestable

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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Thermoset molding. Thermosetting materials can be molded on reciprocating screw machines. The screw is designed differently and the barrel is usually heated with hot water. When thermosets are molded, the heating cylinder provides just enough heat to start exothermic cross-linking chemical reactions between the two monomers. The material must be transferred quickly into the mold and cannot be permitted to cool in the cylinder. If it does, the screw has to be removed and the thermosetting material chipped out.  1, record 4, English, - thermoset%20molding

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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A mixture or compound designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.  2, record 5, English, - pyrotechnic%20substance

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Term and definition standardized by ICAO.  3, record 5, English, - pyrotechnic%20substance

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Division 1c of the Classification of Dangerous Goods.  4, record 5, English, - pyrotechnic%20substance

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Mélange ou composé destiné à produire un effet calorifique, lumineux, sonore, gazeux ou fumigène ou une combinaison de tels effets, à la suite de réactions chimiques exothermiques, auto-entretenues non détonantes.  2, record 5, French, - mati%C3%A8re%20pyrotechnique

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Terme et définition normalisés par l'OACI.  3, record 5, French, - mati%C3%A8re%20pyrotechnique

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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... a certain number of heating fibres or textiles have been marketed which are claimed to store or even generate heat ... These fibres/textiles fall into two categories: the application of chemicals having exothermic phase change ... The first category, based on exothermic chemicals are better used by encapsulation so as to avoid ageing and in order to maintain an acceptable handle ...  1, record 6, English, - exothermic%20chemical

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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On voit apparaître depuis quelques années des fibres ou des textiles chauffants qui peuvent stocker ou même générer de la chaleur [...] Deux principes sont retenus : l'utilisation de produits chimiques à changement de phase exothermique [...] Cette technologie repose sur une réaction de changement d'état exothermique : état fondu état solide, qui dégage donc de la chaleur à la température où se passe cette réaction.  1, record 6, French, - produit%20chimique%20%C3%A0%20changement%20de%20phase%20exothermique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

"pyrotechnic substance" : a substance or a mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as the result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.  1, record 7, English, - self%2Dsustaining%20chemical%20reaction

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

matière pyrotechnique : matière (ou mélange de matières) destinée à produire un effet calorifique, lumineux, sonore, gazeux ou fumigène ou une combinaison de tels effets, grâce à des réactions chimiques exothermiques auto-entretenues non détonantes.  2, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9action%20chimique%20autoentretenue

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autoentretenu : Se dit d'un phénomène qui s'entretient de lui-même (par exemple une oscillation, une réaction chimique ou nucléaire).  3, record 7, French, - r%C3%A9action%20chimique%20autoentretenue

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"pyrotechnic substance" : a substance or a mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as the result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.  1, record 8, English, - non%2Ddetonative%20chemical%20reaction

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

"matière pyrotechnique" : matière (ou mélange de matières) destinée à produire un effet calorifique, lumineux, sonore, gazeux ou fumigène ou une combinaison de tels effets, grâce à des réactions chimiques exothermiques auto-entretenues non détonantes.  1, record 8, French, - r%C3%A9action%20chimique%20non%20d%C3%A9tonante

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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Besides radioactivity and continental drift, there are three other internal sources of heat, namely :-the heat released by exothermic chemical reactions within the crust;-the friction generated in fault;-the latent heat released by the crystallization or solidification of molten rocks on cooling.  1, record 9, English, - source%20of%20heat

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish