TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For all we know electrons and quarks are elementary particles, which means that in no experiment has there anything like a structure of these particles been seen. They appear point-like, unlike the proton, neutron, nucleus and atom that have sizes that can be measured. It is, of course, entirely possible that particles that are called elementary today shall turn out to be composite; let it be said though that they have been probed quite extensively.... The aim is to know all about them, their properties and their interactions. The idea is that from this nuclear physics, atomic physics, chemistry, in fact, the whole physical world derives. Thus particles and their interactions are the very fundamentals of nature. That is the view now. An elementary particle physicist studies primarily these elementary particles and not the larger structures such as protons, nuclei or atoms.  1, record 1, English, - elementary%20particle%20physicist

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Two developments that had an especially important impact [on music in the 1960s] were quotation music and minimal music. The former, which involved the use of earlier music as material for new compositions, represented an idea with a long tradition in Western music. Quotation had been a standard procedure during the medieval and Renaissance eras and it persisted in occasional use throughout the common-practice period.... Quotation music of the 1960s was set apart, then, not so much by how pervasive it was(though it was certainly that) but by the fact that the borrowed material consumed such a large portion of the musical structure that its "foreign" nature was emphasized to such a marked degree.... Not uncommonly, entire compositions were made up of quotations.  2, record 2, English, - quotation%20music

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The unpredictable nature of crime results in a major impact on the victim and his or her family. Crime also affects the community. In fact, Sellin and Wolfgang(1964) identify three levels of victim impact : primary, secondary, and tertiary victimization. They suggested that(1) primary victimization affects the targeted or personalized victim;(2) secondary victimization involves impersonal victims, such as commercial establishments, churches, schools, and public transportation; and(3) tertiary victimization is diffuse and extends to the community at large. Regardless of the level of victimization, services need to be available to those who are victimized.  1, record 3, English, - secondary%20victimization

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] quatre catégories de victimes peuvent être identifiées en fonction de leur proximité émotionnelle ou psychologique avec la victimisation : 1) les victimes directes 2) les victimes indirectes 3) les victimes secondaires et 4) les victimes tertiaires [...] Les victimes secondaires sont les personnes qui ont subi un préjudice en intervenant pour aider des victimes en détresse ou qui ont été témoins de la victimisation. Les victimes tertiaires sont les membres de la communauté.  2, record 3, French, - victimisation%20secondaire

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The unpredictable nature of crime results in a major impact on the victim and his or her family. Crime also affects the community. In fact, Sellin and Wolfgang(1964) identify three levels of victim impact : primary, secondary, and tertiary victimization. They suggested that(1) primary victimization affects the targeted or personalized victim;(2) secondary victimization involves impersonal victims, such as commercial establishments, churches, schools, and public transportation; and(3) tertiary victimization is diffuse and extends to the community at large. Regardless of the level of victimization, services need to be available to those who are victimized.  1, record 4, English, - primary%20victimization

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The unpredictable nature of crime results in a major impact on the victim and his or her family. Crime also affects the community. In fact, Sellin and Wolfgang(1964) identify three levels of victim impact : primary, secondary, and tertiary victimization. They suggested that(1) primary victimization affects the targeted or personalized victim;(2) secondary victimization involves impersonal victims, such as commercial establishments, churches, schools, and public transportation; and(3) tertiary victimization is diffuse and extends to the community at large. Regardless of the level of victimization, services need to be available to those who are victimized.  1, record 5, English, - tertiary%20victimization

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] quatre catégories de victimes peuvent être identifiées en fonction de leur proximité émotionnelle ou psychologique avec la victimisation : 1) les victimes directes 2) les victimes indirectes 3) les victimes secondaires et 4) les victimes tertiaires [...] Les victimes secondaires sont les personnes qui ont subi un préjudice en intervenant pour aider des victimes en détresse ou qui ont été témoins de la victimisation. Les victimes tertiaires sont les membres de la communauté.  2, record 5, French, - victimisation%20tertiaire

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

By the fact or act itself; by its very nature.  2, record 6, English, - ipso%20facto

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Se dit de ce qui constitue une conséquence obligée d'un fait ou d'un acte juridique.  2, record 6, French, - ipso%20facto

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Par le fait même; du seul fait.  2, record 6, French, - ipso%20facto

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Por el hecho mismo, inmediatamente, en el acto.  1, record 6, Spanish, - ipso%20facto

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a port which, during the relevant period of time, the ship can reach, enter; remain at and depart from without, in the absence of some abnormal occurrence, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good navigation and seamanship.  3, record 7, English, - safe%20port

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The "safe" nature of a port is therefore determined in fact and in law and does not depend only on the mere opinion of well-informed people.  3, record 7, English, - safe%20port

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fair comment on matters of public concern or interest is protected from liability for defamation provided it is based on fact. These matters fall within two main categories; first those in which the public has a legitimate interest, such as government activity, political debate, proposals by public figures, and public affairs generally; second, works of art displayed in public such as theatrical performances, music and literature. In a democratic and culturally vibrant society, a discussion of these matters must be unfettered. In the case of the former, the public has an interest by reason of the nature of the subject matter. With regard to the latter, the objects of the comment have voluntarily submitted their deeds to public scrutiny.  2, record 8, English, - fair%20comment

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est possible de faire un commentaire loyal sur des questions d'intérêt public sans risquer d'être tenu responsable pour diffamation, pourvu que ce commentaire soit fondé sur des faits. Ces questions se répartissent en deux catégories : premièrement, celles qui présentent un intérêt légitime pour le public, comme les activités gouvernementales, les débats politiques, les propositions avancées par les personnalités publiques et les affaires publiques en général; deuxièmement, les œuvres artistiques présentées au public, comme les pièces de théâtre, la musique et la littérature. Le débat sur ces questions ne peut être limité dans une société sur les plans démocratique et culturel. En ce qui concerne la première catégorie, l'intérêt du public ressort de la nature même des questions traitées; quant à la deuxième, les œuvres qui font l'objet de commentaires sont volontairement soumises par leur auteur à l'appréciation du public.  2, record 8, French, - commentaire%20loyal

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... is a $10 million private sector fundraising campaign to provide the World Wildlife Fund with extra muscle and better tools to make real gains in the conservation of Canada's natural heritage. One hundred percent of the funds raised will be spent directly on conservation programs to accomplish very ambitious year 2000 goals. This critical financial support will enable World Wildlife Fund to save endangered ecological areas, implement recovery plans for Canadian endangered species, and make progress in reducing toxic pollution of our air and water. The symbol of The Nature of Tomorrow Campaign is a vibrant flower and child's hand, underlining the fact that our children's future depends upon the actions and decisions we take today. That future will be a much better one because of the generous and far-sighted donors who have contributed to the success of this ambitious campaign. Our children will be thankful for such commitments to the nature of their tomorrow.  1, record 9, English, - The%20Nature%20of%20Tomorrow%20Campaign

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] est une vaste campagne de collecte de fonds de 10 millions de dollars auprès du secteur privé, dont le but est de doter le World Wildlife Fund de moyens additionnels et d'outils encore plus performants pour assurer des gains réels quant à la conservation du patrimoine naturel au Canada. La totalité des fonds recueillis sera directement affectée aux programmes de conservation en vue d'atteindre des objectifs très ambitieux, d'ici à l'an 2000. Cet appui financier crucial permettra au World Wildlife Fund de sauvegarder des sites écologiques en danger, de mettre en œuvre des plans de rétablissement au profit d'espèces menacées et de réduire la pollution toxique de notre air et de nos eaux. Le logo de la campagne La nature de l'avenir - une fleur que tient une main d'enfant - nous rappelle que l'avenir que nous souhaitons pour nos enfants dépend des décisions et des actions que nous prenons aujourd'hui. Cet avenir dépend aussi de la compréhension et de la générosité des souscripteurs à cette grande campagne. Nos enfants seront reconnaissants de tels engagements envers la nature de leur avenir.  1, record 9, French, - La%20nature%20de%20l%27avenir

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Once again, the environmental groups appearing before the Committee were opposed to the two recommendations, claiming that they were in fact not necessary. The joint CELA/CIELAP submission to the Committee argued that the criticism that MMLERs are not "scientifically based" was simply out of place and did not reflect the nature of how the regulations were developed and administered. The regulations remain technically defensible since they are based on what is technologically feasible, and not what is required from an ecological point of view. In actual fact, the problem is not the existence of poor science, but rather that the MMLERs are not tough enough to protect local ecosystems.(19) The joint brief went on to note that as a general principle, the natural background levels of metals in waters and sediments are not germane to the notion of technology-based standards.  2, record 10, English, - technology%2Dbased%20standard

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

technology-based standard: term extracted from the “Glossaire de l’environnement” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  3, record 10, English, - technology%2Dbased%20standard

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Norme établie en fonction des progrès techniques récents accomplis dans un secteur formé de la lutte antipollution.  3, record 10, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans ce cas-là aussi, les représentants des groupes environnementaux qui ont comparu devant le Comité ont dit s'opposer aux deux recommandations, en déclarant qu'elles étaient inutiles. Les auteurs du mémoire conjoint que l'ACDE et l'ICDPE ont fait parvenir au Comité soutiennent en effet que la critique de ceux qui prétendent que le RELMM n'est pas scientifique n'est pas fondée, car elle ne tient pas compte de sa démarche d'élaboration, ni de la manière de l'appliquer. Le RELMM se défend du point de vue technique puisqu'il est basé sur ce que la technologie rend possible et non sur ce qu'il faudrait du point de vue écologique. En réalité, le problème n'est pas la piètre valeur scientifique des données, mais plutôt le fait que le RELMM n'est pas assez strict pour protéger les écosystèmes locaux. Les auteurs n'ont pas manqué de souligner que, en règle générale, les niveaux naturels ambiants de métaux dans l'eau et les sédiments n'ont rien à voir avec l'idée de normes fondées sur la technologie.  1, record 10, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

norme d'inspiration technique : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’environnement» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 10, French, - norme%20fond%C3%A9e%20sur%20la%20technologie

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The insecticidal nature of [Bacillus thuringiensis] is attributed to crystal-like proteins that are produced by Bt cells during the spore-forming stage of its life cycle. The crystal protein in Bt kills insects by binding to and disrupting the midgut(stomach) membranes. Susceptible insects will stop feeding within hours of ingesting Bt and will generally die within 2-5 days. The specificity of Bt lies in the fact that particular stomach enzymes(present only in certain insects) must activate the crystal proteins before they are considered toxic. Under normal conditions the crystal protein is insoluble(not active) and is therefore safe to humans, mammals and the majority of insects.  3, record 11, English, - insecticidal%20crystal%20protein

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

insecticidal crystal protein; ICP: term and abbreviation extracted from the “Glossaire de l’agriculture” and reproduced with permission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.  4, record 11, English, - insecticidal%20crystal%20protein

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le Bacillus thuringiensis [...] est une bactérie Gram positif que l'on rencontre fréquemment dans le sol. Au stade de la sporulation, la bactérie produit une protéine cristalline insecticide Cry1A(c) non toxique pour l'être humain, les autres vertébrés et les insectes utiles. Cette protéine ainsi que des protéines semblables sont employées contre les lépidoptères, à titre d'insecticides foliaires acceptables sur le plan environnemental.  1, record 11, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20cristalline%20insecticide

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

protéine cristalline à action insecticide : terme extrait du «Glossaire de l’agriculture» et reproduit avec l’autorisation de l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques.  3, record 11, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20cristalline%20insecticide

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although the term "legal mortgage" is inappropriate to a mortgage under the land titles system and is not in fact in common use, the term "equitable mortgage", which under the old system is used in contradistinction to a legal mortgage, is under the new system commonly used to indicate a mortgage or charge other than a registered or statutory mortgage. Under the old system any mortgage subsequent to a legal mortgage is necessarily an equitable mortgage, but under the new system a second mortgage is of the same nature as a first mortgage. In other respects, however, the ordinary rules as to equitable mortgages prevail under the land titles system. Thus, an equitable mortgage may be created by an agreement to execute a mortgage or to charge money on land or by deposit of documents of title.(Falconbridge on Mortgages, 1977, 4th ed., s. 10. 11)  2, record 12, English, - registered%20mortgage

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

hypothèque enregistrée : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l’accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 12, French, - hypoth%C3%A8que%20enregistr%C3%A9e

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The fact that there is no constitutional text relating to this question simplifies matters; still, the nature of the consultation remains more the result of established practice than of a clear-cut interpretation.  3, record 13, English, - clear%2Dcut%20interpretation

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le fait qu'il n'existe pas de texte constitutionnel à ce sujet simplifie la question, mais la nature de cette consultation reste davantage le résultat d'une pratique que d'une interprétation nette.  2, record 13, French, - interpr%C3%A9tation%20pr%C3%A9cise

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Until two years ago the nature of promoter base sequences was totally obscure. Now, however, a number of different promoter sequences are known and soon many more will be worked out. Soon after the initial binding to the RNA polymerase recognition site, the polymerase diffuses closer to the start of transcription to a group of At-rich base pairs to which it binds more tightly(RNA polymerase binding site). The fact that both binding sequences are AT-rich probably reflects the fact that such sequences denature much more easily than doGC-rich regions, and so are obvious targets for an enzyme like RNA polymerase, whose functioning demands local denaturation.  4, record 14, English, - AT%2Drich

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un groupe riche en paires de bases AT entouré de deux groupes riches en GC pourrait être particulièrement important pour le promoteur lactose. En effet, les régions riches en AT ont une fréquence d'ouverture spontanée plus grande que les régions riches en GC; il est donc tentant de penser que l'entrée initiale de l'ARN polymérase se fait dans cette région riche en AT et que la fréquence de cette entrée est influencée par la longueur des sections environnantes, riches en GC.  2, record 14, French, - riche%20en%20AT

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

This discretion is itself broadly phrased so as to include any case with respect to which “... the Supreme Court is of the opinion that any question involved therein is, by reason of its public importance or the importance of any issue of law or any issue of mixed law and fact involved in such question, one that ought to be decided by the Supreme Court or is, for any other reason, of such a nature or significance as to warrant decision by it.... ”  2, record 15, English, - issue%20of%20mixed%20law%20and%20fact

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce pouvoir discrétionnaire est lui‑même formulé en termes généraux de manière à inclure toute affaire à l’égard de laquelle «[...] la Cour suprême estime, étant donné l’importance de l’affaire pour le public, l’importance des questions de droit ou des questions mixtes de droit et de fait qu’elle comporte, ou sa nature ou son importance à tout autre égard, qu’elle devrait en être saisie [...]»  2, record 15, French, - question%20mixte%20de%20droit%20et%20de%20fait

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Facts in evidence that are so convincing as to support findings of fact but that are not absolutely beyond contradiction.  2, record 16, English, - conclusive%20evidence

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Indirect evidence is conclusive, when the existence of the fact in issue follows either by a necessary consequence of the laws of nature or from a rule of law.(Jowitt's p. 729)  3, record 16, English, - conclusive%20evidence

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

preuve concluante : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 16, French, - preuve%20concluante

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Unfortunately, however, there is a fundamental defect in a system of conveyancing by deeds which does not stem from lack of publicity but rather from the very nature of a deed. A deed does not in itself prove title; it is merely a record of an isolated transaction. If properly drawn, it shows that a particular transaction took place, but it does not prove that the parties were legally entitled to carry out the transaction and consequently it does not prove the transaction valid. It may not be consistent with a previously registered transaction or even with actual fact.(Rowton Simpson, 1976, p. 15).  1, record 17, English, - system%20of%20conveyancing%20by%20deeds

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'équivalent «système des transports fonciers par actes» peut s'employer lorsqu'il s'agit plus particulièrement des éléments matériels constitutifs du «system».  1, record 17, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20des%20transports%20fonciers%20par%20actes

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

régime des transports fonciers par actes : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 17, French, - r%C3%A9gime%20des%20transports%20fonciers%20par%20actes

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Narrative recitals are those which show the nature of the interest that is being transferred, and if the vendor is seized in fee simple, they merely state that fact.(Cheshire, 11th ed., 1972, p. 748).  1, record 18, English, - narrative%20recitals

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

narrative recitals: term generally used in the plural in this context.  2, record 18, English, - narrative%20recitals

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

attendus narratifs : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 18, French, - attendus%20narratifs

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 2 OBS

attendus narratifs : terme habituellement utilisé au pluriel dans ce contexte.  2, record 18, French, - attendus%20narratifs

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Formerly, it meant any deed relating to hereditaments, especially deeds of feoffment. (Jowitt, 2nd ed., 1977, p. 326).  1, record 19, English, - charter

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

From the thirteenth century onward it was, in fact, customary for the feoffor to deliver to the feoffee a deed or charter of feoffment but the function of the charter was to furnish evidence of the livery of seisin and of the nature of the estate given, as well as to set forth the covenant of warranty.(Moynihan, 1962, p. 164).  1, record 19, English, - charter

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

charte : qualifiant ce terme d'historique, le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO) n'a pas tenu à le normaliser.  2, record 19, French, - charte

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mobility, particularly interdepartmental mobility, is at an all-time low despite the fact that the changing nature of service delivery and policy issues requires managers and policy analysts to acquire a broad diversity of knowledge and experience.  3, record 20, English, - interdepartmental%20mobility

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mobilité, surtout la mobilité interministérielle, est à son plus bas, au moment où les changements dans la prestation des services et les questions transversales exigent que les gestionnaires et les analystes diversifient leurs connaissances et leur expérience.  3, record 20, French, - mobilit%C3%A9%20interminist%C3%A9rielle

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Enzyme immobilization method which involves the formation of a highly crosslinked network of a polymer in the presence of an enzyme. Enzyme molecules are physically entrapped within the polymer lattice and cannot permeate out of the gel matrix, but appropriately sized substrate and product molecules can transfer across and within this network to insure a continuous transformation.  2, record 21, English, - lattice%20entrapment

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Advantages of the lattice entrapment method for immobilizing an enzyme include its overall experimental simplicity, the need for only small amounts of an enzyme in order to produce a water-insoluble enzyme conjugate and the fact that it is a physical method.... Disadvantages of the method also exist.... The exact physical nature of the crosslinked polymers is often quite important for obtaining high activity.... A considerable disadvantage of this method is leakage of an enzyme from within the crosslinked polymeric network.  1, record 21, English, - lattice%20entrapment

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Une des techniques d'immobilisation par inclusion dans laquelle l'enzyme est solubilisée ou dispersée dans une solution d'un monomère qui est ensuite polymérisé en présence d'un agent de réticulation et d'un colloïde protecteur, albumine, agarose ou dextrane.  2, record 21, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Grâce à leur spécificité et leur rapidité d'action dans des conditions douces, les enzymes peuvent constituer des réactifs très précieux offrant d'énormes possibilités. Cependant, leur emploi en solution reste limité en raison de leur fragilité (dénaturation) et de la difficulté de récupération de l'enzyme pour une utilisation répétée. Ces inconvénients ont été considérablement réduits par l'immobilisation des enzymes, qui a pu être réalisée par des procédés très divers : réticulation de la protéine enzymatique, conduisant à des agrégats insolubles, inclusion dans les mailles d'un gel (entrappement) ou en microcapsules poreuses, ou fixation sur un support solide insoluble (matrice) par adsorption, ou mieux par liaison covalente.  3, record 21, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le terme "entrappement" est quelquefois utilisé dans les ouvrages français. Emploi à déconseiller.  2, record 21, French, - inclusion%20dans%20une%20matrice

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Crystalline silica is the scientific name for a group of minerals composed of silicon and oxygen. The term crystalline refers to the fact that the oxygen and silicon atoms are arranged in a three dimensional repeating pattern.... Because oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust and silicon is the second most abundant, the formation of silica is quite common in nature. … quartz, … is the most common form of silica found in nature. Silica can also be biological in origin, produced by tiny organisms. The most significant of these are diatoms(plants) and radiolarians(animals)... Thus, silica can be found in more than one state—amorphous as in the remains from a diatom and crystalline as in a quartz crystal … Both are SiO₂, but they are quite different physically.  3, record 22, English, - crystalline%20silica

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Crystalline silica is a basic component of soil, sand, granite, and many other minerals. Quartz is the most common form of crystalline silica. Cristobalite and tridymite are two other forms of crystalline silica. All three forms may become respirable size particles when workers chip, cut, drill, or grind objects that contain crystalline silica.  4, record 22, English, - crystalline%20silica

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Chemical formulas: O₂Si or SiO₂  5, record 22, English, - crystalline%20silica

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La silice ou dioxyde de silicium (formule moléculaire : SiO₂) peut exister sous forme de silice cristalline ou de silice amorphe. La silice cristalline, peut se présenter sous plusieurs formes (polymorphes : même formule chimique mais structure cristalline différente). Le quartz (CAS : 14808-60-7) [...] La cristobalite (CAS : 14464-46-1) [...] Le tripoli (CAS : 1317-95-9) [et la] tridymite (CAS : 15468-32-3) [...]  2, record 22, French, - silice%20cristalline

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Formules chimiques : O₂Si ou SiO₂  3, record 22, French, - silice%20cristalline

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Friendship Centre representatives now sit on boards of half-way houses, battered women’s homes and children’s aid societies.  1, record 23, English, - battered%20women%26rsquo%3Bs%20home

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The fact that battered women often use a shelter several times, returning to the abusive relationship between such visits, speaks in favour of shelters and reflects the nature of the problem.  7, record 23, English, - battered%20women%26rsquo%3Bs%20home

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A titre d'exemple, des représentants de centres d'accueil siègent maintenant au conseil de maisons de transition, de refuges pour femmes battues et de sociétés d'aide à l'enfance.  1, record 23, French, - maison%20de%20refuge%20pour%20femmes%20battues

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Force used that exceeds what reasonably appears to be necessary to beat off an attack. This is a question of fact and depends on such variable factors as the degree of violence offered, the nature of the weapons used by the assailant or his previous conduct and reputation for violence.  1, record 24, English, - excessive%20force

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A defendant who is liable because he has used excessive force may, of course, have a counter-claim against the plaintiff for his initial attack and thus scale down the latter’s recovery.  1, record 24, English, - excessive%20force

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A wind, named after the Maloja Pass between the Engadine and Bergall, Switzerland, that blows down the valley of the Upper Engadine by day and either up or down by night.  1, record 25, English, - Maloja%20wind

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This deviation from the usual nature of mountain and valley winds is attributed to the fact that the stronger daytime valley wind from the south overtops the ridge and continues down the Engadine.  1, record 25, English, - Maloja%20wind

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Vent du col de même nom des Alpes suisses.  2, record 25, French, - vent%20de%20Maloja

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le vent de Maloja ne fait pas que le bonheur des amateurs de voile, il permet également la pratique du cerf-volant, parapente et deltaplane.  1, record 25, French, - vent%20de%20Maloja

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les sources consultées, ne nous ont pas permis de déterminer le genre de «maloja», «malvaja» et de «maloggia».  3, record 25, French, - vent%20de%20Maloja

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are also problems related to the attribution of the burden of proof and to the nature of the evidence that an administrative body with quasi-judicial functions would have to adduce to justify its decision under s. 1 in light of the fact that it is supposed to be independant of the government.  1, record 26, English, - quasi%2Djudicial%20function

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il y a aussi les difficultés liées à l'attribution du Fardeau de preuve et à la nature de la preuve que devrait présenter un organisme administratif exerçant des fonctions quasi-judiciaires pour justifier sa décision conformément à l'article premier, alors qu'il est censé être indépendant du gouvernement.  1, record 26, French, - fonction%20quasi%2Djudiciaire

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A type of lighting that utilizes light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), or polymer light-emitting diodes as sources of illumination rather than electrical filaments or gas.  3, record 27, English, - solid%2Dstate%20lighting

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "solid state" refers to the fact that light in an LED is emitted from a solid object(a block of semiconductor) rather than from a vacuum or gas tube, as is the case in traditional incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent lamps. Unlike traditional lighting, however, SSL creates visible light with virtually no heat or parasitic energy dissipation. In addition, its solid-state nature provides for greater resistance to shock, vibration, and wear, thereby increasing its lifespan significantly.  3, record 27, English, - solid%2Dstate%20lighting

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les systèmes d'éclairage à semiconducteurs de Philips procurent les multiples avantages propres à la mise en lumière au moyen de diodes électroluminescentes, notamment une très longue durée de vie, un entretien extrêmement réduit et pratiquement 100 % de fiabilité.  2, record 27, French, - %C3%A9clairage%20%C3%A0%20semi%2Dconducteurs

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The description of history with changes in a few key facts or events as the basis for speculation of a different outcome.  4, record 28, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Virtual history, also referred to as counterfactual history, is a form of history which attempts to answer "what if" questions. It seeks to explore history and historical processes from the point of view of extrapolating a position in which certain key historical events did not happen or had an outcome which was different to that which did in fact occur. Most historians regard counterfactual history as sometimes entertaining, but not meeting the standards of mainstream historical research due to its speculative nature.  5, record 28, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Favorite] subjects for counterfactual history conjecture include: ... "What if the Confederacy won the Civil War?" ... What if the Kaiser’s Germany won World War I?" ...  3, record 28, English, - counterfactual%20history

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

D'abord, comment désigne-t-on cet exercice qui consiste à faire l'histoire avec des «si» ? Les Anglais disent What if? Il y a d'ailleurs des collections entières de livres anglais qui portent ce titre. C'est un titre prosaïque qui diminue sans doute un peu le sujet. On peut, en termes plus abstraits, parler d'histoire contrefactuelle ou virtuelle. Un de nos compatriotes du XIXe siècle, Charles Renouvier, avait inventé un substantif féminin, l'uchronie, construit à partir du grec sur le modèle d'utopie, pour désigner l'histoire faite en pensée, telle qu'elle aurait pu être et qu'elle n'a pas été.  1, record 28, French, - histoire%20contrefactuelle

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A curved downward-flattening fault, generally concave upward.  2, record 29, English, - listric%20fault

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Listric faults may be characterized by normal or reverse separation.  2, record 29, English, - listric%20fault

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Current debates about the listric(concave upwards) versus planar geometry of normal faults in extensional terranes are partly due to the lack of reliable depth images from seismic reflection data. A recent example of this controversy has arisen concerning the geometry and nature of the Sevier Desert normal fault in west-central Utah(Von Tish et al., 1985; Anders and Christie-Blick, 1994). The presence of shallow-dipping normal faults is one of the most important criteria for recognizing extensional regimes(e. g., Shelton, 1984). In fact, substantial extension can only be accomplished by initially shallow faults or by faults that rapidly rotate toward shallower dips as extension proceeds(Wernicke and Burchfiel, 1982).  3, record 29, English, - listric%20fault

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Faille dont le pendage diminue en profondeur, dessinant une courbe concave vers le haut.  2, record 29, French, - faille%20listrique

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les failles listriques semblent dues à l'écartement progressif de deux plaques continentales, ou plus souvent de deux fragments d'une plaque en cours d'étirement. À l'affleurement, elles sont presque verticales, mais en profondeur elles sont quasi horizontales et il semble qu'elles découpent en lames horizontales parallèles la base de la croûte continentale.  3, record 29, French, - faille%20listrique

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In disputes of an international nature involving neither honour nor vital interests, and arising from a difference of opinion of points of fact, the Contracting Powers deem it expedient and desirable that the parties who have not been able to come to an agreement by means of diplomacy, should, as far as circumstances allow, institute an International Commission of Inquiry, to facilitate a solution of these disputes by elucidating the facts by means of impartial and conscientious investigation.(Art. 9) International Commissions of Inquiry are constituted by special agreement between the parties in dispute. [Art. 10].  2, record 30, English, - party%20to%20a%20dispute

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les litiges d'ordre international n'engageant ni l'honneur ni des intérêts essentiels et provenant d'une divergence d'appréciation sur des points de faits, les Puissances contractantes jugent utile et désirable que les Parties qui n'auraient pu se mettre d'accord par les voies diplomatiques instituent, en tant que les circonstances le permettront, une Commission internationale d'enquête chargée de faciliter la solution de ces litiges en éclaircissant, par une examen impartial et consciencieux, les questions de fait. Art. (9) Les Commissions internationales d'enquête sont constituées par convention spéciale entre les Parties en litige. [Art. 10].  1, record 30, French, - partie%20en%20litige

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las partes en la diferencia tendrán acceso a toda la información pertinente que se haya facilitado al grupo de expertos técnicos, a menos que sea de carácter confidencial.  2, record 30, Spanish, - parte%20en%20la%20diferencia

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice depends upon a prior declaration of acceptance under Article 36(2) of the Statute, which reads :"The states parties to the present Statute may at any time declare that they recognize as compulsory ipso facto and without special agreement, in relation to any other state accepting the same obligation, the jurisdiction of the Court in all legal disputes concerning : a) the interpretation of a treaty; b) any question of international law; c) the existence of any fact which, if established, would constitute a breach of an international obligation; d) the nature or extent of the reparation to be made for the breach of an international obligation. "Although this jurisdiction is generally referred to as "compulsory"..., it is only compulsory once the declaration is made and within the limits of that declaration.  2, record 32, English, - compulsory%20jurisdiction

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La compétence de la CIJ [Cour internationale de Justice] est définie à l'Article 36, par. 1 et 2 du Statut de la Cour, comme suit : 1) La compétence de la Cour s'étend à toutes les affaires que les parties lui soumettront, ainsi qu'à tous les cas spécialement prévus dans la Charte des Nations Unies ou dans les traités et conventions en vigueur.  1, record 32, French, - juridiction%20obligatoire

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Reproduit de la Liste provisoire de termes juridiques se rapportant aux travaux de la Commission du droit international avec l'autorisation de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève.  2, record 32, French, - juridiction%20obligatoire

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 3 OBS

La juridiction ou compétence obligatoire est exercée non pas par arbitrage mais par une juridiction internationale comme la C.I.J.  2, record 32, French, - juridiction%20obligatoire

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ready and colleagues have shown that unlike wheat, oat bran did not affect fecal concentrations of secondary bile acids and, in fact brought about an increase in both total and secodary bile acid excretion when fed to human subjects for 5 weeks. This could be due to inhibition of bile acid reasorbtion, ether through physical binding or because of the viscous nature of oat ß glucan which entraps bile acids in the small intestine.  1, record 34, English, - %C3%9F%20glucan

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] la société General Foods a assuré sa transformation pour produire le premier produit céréalier pré-sucré comportant une teneur élevée en protéines (Alpha Bits). L'industrie cosmétique porte aujourd'hui une grand intérêt à Hinoat, car cette variété représente une source importante de protéines, de fibres alimentaires solubles (ß-glucane), d'huile, d'amidon à grains fins et de son permettant la fabrication de nombreux produits à valeur ajoutée.  1, record 34, French, - %C3%9F%2Dglucane

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Championed by a group of biologists led by John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, the emerging discipline of evolutionary psychology sees the human mind as a set of specific instincts that are trained by experience and learning, but are triggered by outside stimuli. This is very different from the old view that instinct and learning were mutually exclusive. These instincts are what constitutes human nature: for instance, the instinct to like sweet food ... whatever form it comes in; the instinct to learn language with a specifically human grammar, whatever its vocabulary; the instinct to trade favors with other trusted individuals, a sense of social credit and debt; an instinct to form interpretations of what is going on in other human minds....  1, record 35, English, - evolutionary%20psychology

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Economics and evolutionary psychology both focus on the similarities among individuals of all races : the fact that humans of all colors and creeds are motivated by the same preferences, desires and goals-to accumulate the means to consume, find a mate, have children, be famous or popular, and so on. This view holds that the differences between people are the result of different environmental triggers acting on the same genetic nature.  1, record 35, English, - evolutionary%20psychology

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In fact, depending upon the nature of the subcontract-i. e., whether it contains conditional or unconditional terms of payment-between himself and the Canadian exporter, a subsupplier can become exposed to a variety of risks.  1, record 36, English, - conditional%20terms%20of%20payment

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En fait, selon la nature du sous-traité (s'il est assorti de modalités de paiement conditionnel ou inconditionnel) conclu entre l'exportateur canadien et le sous-traitant, ce dernier peut être exposé à divers risques.  1, record 36, French, - modalit%C3%A9s%20de%20paiement%20conditionnel

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In fact, depending upon the nature of the subcontract-i. e., whether if contains conditional or unconditional terms of payment-between himself and the Canadian exporter, a subsupplier can become exposed to a variety of risks.  1, record 37, English, - unconditional%20terms%20of%20payment

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En fait, selon la nature du sous-traité (s'il est assorti de modalités de paiement conditionnel ou inconditionnel) conclu entre l'exportateur canadien et le sous-traitant, ce dernier peut être exposé à divers risques.  1, record 37, French, - modalit%C3%A9s%20de%20paiement%20inconditionnel

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

He maintained that the conventional view-that the crisis is systemic nature and arises from the fact that the command economy has died while the market economy hasn’t been born-is not valid.  1, record 38, English, - conventional%20view

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il rejette l'explication classique selon laquelle la crise tient à la nature du système et cite trois grandes erreurs qui ont été commises par les responsables de la politique économique.  1, record 38, French, - explication%20classique

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Hyper-Raman effect. The nature of this effect is most easily described in terms of the corpuscular picture of the Raman effect. With an intense laser source, the number of monochromatic photons impinging on the molecules of a medium per unit volume and unit time may be extremely large.... the selection rules for the vibrational and rotational transitions in the hyper-Raman effect are different... Thus certain transitions are observable in the hyper-Raman effect that are normally forbidden. This is one virtue of the hyper-Raman effect; the other is that it is observed in a spectral region whose frequency is far removed from that of the incoming radiation(and is, in fact, twice that of the latter).  1, record 39, English, - hyper%2DRaman%20effect

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Effets Raman non linéaires. (...) effet hyper Raman, effet Raman stimulé, effet Raman inverse.  1, record 39, French, - effet%20hyper%20Raman

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Despite the fact that in real terms the U. S. current account deficit has improved significantly and the Japanese and German trade surpluses have fallen, the continued deterioration in the U. S. nominal current account balance has been a source of disappointment and confusion to markets. To some extent, the lack of progress in nominal terms was expected, due to the so-called "J-curve" phenomenon, whereby the effect of a depreciation in the U. S. dollar worsens the U. S. terms of trade such that it initially offsets the improving net flow of goods and services in volume terms. But the "J-curve" effect is short term and transitional in nature, and it cannot account entirely for the slow adjustment of the U. S. current account imbalance.  1, record 40, English, - %5C%22J%2Dcurve%5C%22%20phenomenon

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Bien qu'en termes réels le déficit du compte courant des Etats-Unis se soit nettement amélioré et que les excédents commerciaux du Japon et de l'Allemagne aient diminué, la dégradation persistante de la balance courante américaine en termes nominaux a engendré déception et confusion sur les marchés. Dans une certaine mesure, on s'attendait à une absence de progrès en termes nominaux à cause du phénomène dit «courbe en J», par le jeu duquel une baisse du dollar américain entraîne une détérioration des termes de l'échange des Etats-Unis au point de compenser initialement l'amélioration du flux net de biens et de services en volume. Cependant, l'effet «courbe en J» est de courte durée et de nature passagère, et il ne peut expliquer à lui seul la lenteur de la correction du déséquilibre de la balance courante américaine.  1, record 40, French, - ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne%20dit%20%C2%ABcourbe%20en%20J%C2%BB

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 41,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Misrepresentation or concealment either by error or design, of a fact of a nature to diminish the appreciation of the risk or change the object of it, is a cause of nullity.  1, record 41, English, - concealment%20by%20error

Record 41,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les fausses représentations ou réticences par erreur ou de propos délibéré sur un fait de nature à diminuer l'appréciation du risque, ou à en changer l'objet, sont des causes de nullité.  1, record 41, French, - r%C3%A9ticence%20par%20erreur

Record 41,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 42,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Misrepresentation or concealment either by error or design, of a fact of a nature to diminish the appreciation of the risk or change the object of it, is a cause of nullity.  1, record 42, English, - concealment%20by%20design

Record 42,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les fausses représentations ou réticences par erreur ou de propos délibéré sur un fait de nature à diminuer l'appréciation du risque, ou à en changer l'objet, sont des causes de nullité.  1, record 42, French, - r%C3%A9ticence%20de%20propos%20d%C3%A9lib%C3%A9r%C3%A9

Record 42,  Textual support,  Spanish