TERMIUM Plus^®

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A condensation particle counter(CPC) detects individual [aerosol] particles by passing them through a tube with controlled humidity in which the nanoparticles act as condensation nuclei for water. They can be grown to a sufficient size so that each one produces a detectable flash of light when it passes through a focused laser beam and can be counted.  4, record 1, English, - condensation%20particle%20counter

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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La mesure de la concentration en nombre des particules submicroniques dispersées dans l'air repose sur l'utilisation de compteurs de noyaux de condensation (CNC). Ces appareils sont fondés sur la détection optique de particules ayant été artificiellement grossies à la suite de la condensation d'une vapeur adsorbée à leur surface. Ils reportent ainsi en temps réel la concentration en nombre des particules de taille comprise entre quelques nanomètres et quelques micromètres [...]  3, record 1, French, - compteur%20de%20particules%20de%20condensation

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Dispositivo para efectuar mediciones discretas del número de núcleos de condensación.  1, record 1, Spanish, - contador%20de%20n%C3%BAcleos%20de%20condensaci%C3%B3n

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An additive manufacturing process in which focused thermal energy is used to fuse materials by melting as they are being deposited.  3, record 2, English, - directed%20energy%20deposition

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... additive manufacturing technologies ... Directed energy deposition can come in many forms, but they all follow a basic process. Wire or powder material is deposited into thin layers and melted using a high-energy source, such as a laser.  4, record 2, English, - directed%20energy%20deposition

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... an energy source(for example laser, electron beam or plasma arc) is focused to melt the materials being deposited.  3, record 2, English, - directed%20energy%20deposition

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directed energy deposition; DED: designations standardized by ISO.  5, record 2, English, - directed%20energy%20deposition

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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Procédé de fabrication additive dans lequel l'énergie thermique focalisée est utilisée pour fusionner des matériaux en les fondant pendant leur dépôt.  1, record 2, French, - d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t%20de%20mati%C3%A8re%20sous%20%C3%A9nergie%20concentr%C3%A9e

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[...] une source d'énergie (par exemple, laser, faisceau d'électrons, ou arc plasma) est focalisée pour faire fondre les matériaux pendant leur dépôt.  1, record 2, French, - d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t%20de%20mati%C3%A8re%20sous%20%C3%A9nergie%20concentr%C3%A9e

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dépôt de matière sous énergie concentrée : désignation normalisée par l'ISO.  3, record 2, French, - d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t%20de%20mati%C3%A8re%20sous%20%C3%A9nergie%20concentr%C3%A9e

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Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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Optical disk storage involves the use of a laser beam(e. g., from a helium-neon laser) to write the data on the surface of a metallic disk. The laser beam is tightly focused to form a spot of light, or the optical stylus, which burns tiny pits onto concentric tracks(rings) on the disk to write data. The laser beam scans the pits, which reflect light from the disk to photodetector to read data.  3, record 3, English, - optical%20disk%20storage

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[Optical disk storage can be, for example, an] optical disk cartridge [or an] optical disk drive.  4, record 3, English, - optical%20disk%20storage

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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Chromosomes are scanned as they flow lengthwise through an excitation laser beam. Scanning may be accomplished by one of the two methods : object plane scanning or image plane scanning. In object plane scanning, the exciting laser beam is focused so that it is narrow along the flow axis.  1, record 4, English, - excitation%20laser%20beam

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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Le rayon laser excitateur pénètre dans l'échantillon préalablement marqué par des fluorochromes [...] auparavant répertoriés et choisis en fonction de leurs propriétés à se fixer sur des molécules particulières d'une structure ou d'un objet d'intérêt.  2, record 4, French, - faisceau%20laser%20excitateur

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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Laser Deposition Technology(LDT) is a blanket name that encompasses many "like" processes—direct metal deposition(DMD), laser additive manufacturing(LAM), laser metal deposition, and others—that use a focused laser beam as the heat source for depositing powdered metals.  2, record 5, English, - laser%20additive%20manufacturing

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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Forces as small as 0. 01 pN can be detected. Using TIRM, Dr. Prieve's group has measured double-layer repulsion, van der Waals attraction, optical forces exerted by a focused laser beam, receptor-mediated interaction between antigen and antibodies, steric repulsion due to adsorbed polymer layers and depletion forces.  1, record 6, English, - steric%20repulsion

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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Il s'agit d'empêcher les opsonines, ces protéines plasmatiques, de venir se fixer sur les nanovecteurs. Pour ce faire, l'équipe de Patrick Couvreur a fait appel au concept physico-chimique de la «répulsion stérique» qui consiste à greffer à la surface des nanoparticules des chaînes de polymères de polyéthylène glycol (PEG) hydrophiles et flexibles. Grâce à leur mobilité moléculaire, les chaînes de PEG repoussent - par le processus de répulsion stérique - les opsonines et les empêchent de se fixer à la surface des nanovecteurs, qui de ce fait, ne sont plus reconnus par le foie et la rate.  1, record 6, French, - r%C3%A9pulsion%20st%C3%A9rique

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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A relatively new optical storage technology which combines laser and magnetic methods to read and write from a platter. Information stored by local magnetization of a magnetic medium, using a focused light beam to produce local heating and consequent reduction of coercivity so that a moderately strong, poorly localized magnetic field can flip the state of a small region of high coercivity material. Reading is done either magnetically, with inductive heads in close proximity to the medium, or optically, through rotation of the plane of polarization of probing light via the Faraday effect or Kerr effect.  4, record 7, English, - magneto%2Doptical%20storage

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Méthode de stockage employée dans les unités de disques optiques pouvant être réécrits; elle combine les techniques d'enregistrement magnétiques et optiques. Le disque est recouvert d'un film qui est uniformément magnétisé au départ. Un rayon laser est utilisé pour démagnétiser une petite zone sur le film en la portant à une température supérieure à la température critique (le point de Curie ou point de compensation), et l'application d'un champ magnétique local détermine ensuite la direction dans laquelle cette zone sera magnétisée lorsqu'elle refroidira. Pour lire l'information, le disque est balayé par un rayon de lumière polarisée émis par un laser de faible puissance. Le plan de polarisation d'une lumière qui est réfléchie par une surface magnétisée tourne en fonction de la direction du champ magnétique - c'est l'effet de Kerr.  2, record 7, French, - m%C3%A9moire%20magn%C3%A9to%2Doptique

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Método de almacenamiento empleado en las unidades de discos ópticos regrabables, que combina las técnicas de registro magnético y óptico.  1, record 7, Spanish, - almacenamiento%20magn%C3%A9tico%2D%C3%B3ptico

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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Any technique in which a specimen is bombarded with a finely focused laser beam(diameter less than 10 µm) in the ultraviolet or visible range under conditions of vapourization and ionization of sample material and in which the ions generated are recorded with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer.  1, record 8, English, - laser%20Raman%20microanalysis

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Technique qui permet de mesurer l'intensité du rayonnement Raman en fonction de la longueur d'onde enregistrée, suite au bombardement de l'échantillon par faisceau laser finement focalisé (diamètre de moins de 10 µm) dans l'ultraviolet ou le visible.  2, record 8, French, - microanalyse%20Raman%20par%20laser

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Des renseignements concernant les états vibrationnels de la substance excitée (groupes fonctionnels et liaisons chimiques) sont ainsi obtenus.  2, record 8, French, - microanalyse%20Raman%20par%20laser

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microanalyse : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2004).  3, record 8, French, - microanalyse%20Raman%20par%20laser

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Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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A confocal laser scanning microscope is a light microscope having a dramatically higher axial resolution than a conventional microscope. In other words, a confocal microscope is capable of optical sectioning. This is accomplished by illuminating the specimen one point at a time with a focused laser beam and using an optical arrangement, where only the light originating from the focus can be detected. The image is formed by scanning the laser beam over the specimen and recording the image into computer memory. A three-dimensional view of the specimen can be reconstructed from a stack of such images taken at successive focal planes.  2, record 9, English, - axial%20resolution

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

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[...] la résolution optique [est augmentée] de l'ordre de 30%, soit une résolution latérale de 0.18 µm et axiale de 0.59 µm pour une ouverture numérique de 1,4 et une longueur d'onde 550 µm.  2, record 9, French, - r%C3%A9solution%20axiale

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Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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Any technique in which a specimen is bombarded with a finely focused laser beam(diameter less than 10 µm) in the ultraviolet or visible range under conditions of vapourization and thermal excitation of electronic states of sample material and in which the photon emission spectrum is observed.  1, record 10, English, - laser%20micro%20emission%20spectroscopy

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

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Technique par laquelle un échantillon est bombardé au moyen d'un faisceau laser finement focalisé de diamètre inférieur à 10 µm, dans l'ultraviolet ou dans le visible. Cette technique permet d'observer les états électroniques de l'échantillon, excités thermiquement par vaporisation.  1, record 10, French, - spectroscopie%20d%27%C3%A9mission%20par%20laser

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any technique in which a specimen is bombarded with a finely focused laser beam(diameter less than 10 µm) in the ultraviolet or visible range under conditions of vapourization and ionization of a sample material and in which the ions generated are recorded with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer.  1, record 11, English, - laser%20micro%20mass%20spectrometry

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

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Technique utilisée pour enregistrer à l'aide d'un spectromètre de masse à temps de vol les ions émis par un échantillon vaporisé et ionisé, soumis au bombardement d'un faisceau laser finement focalisé (diamètre de moins de 10 µm dans l'ultraviolet ou dans le visible).  2, record 11, French, - microspectrom%C3%A9trie%20de%20masse%20par%20laser

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Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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A single laser system whose beam is split into twenty separate beams, each of which is amplified several hundredfold before being focused into a chamber in a spherical array of light that converges upon the tiny target.  3, record 12, English, - Shiva%20laser

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The 20-beam laser, completed in 1977, provided more power, better control over conditions, higher temperature, and greater fuel compression than previous lasers, including delivering 10 kilojoules of energy in a billionth of a second.  2, record 12, English, - Shiva%20laser

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It is called Shiva, after the multiarmed Hindu god of both creation and destruction.  3, record 12, English, - Shiva%20laser

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Mirror which changes its shape many times a second to compensate for the spreading effect of the Earth’s atmosphere.  2, record 13, English, - rubber%20mirror

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In a test, a ground-based laser beam was bounced off the rubber mirror and then reflected into space where it accurately tracked a rocket moving at very high speed with a tightly focused beam.  2, record 13, English, - rubber%20mirror

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Record 14,  Textual support,  English

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Their semiautomated LMM(laser microbeam microdissection) technique uses a pulsed nitrogen laser to circumscribe single cells or cell clusters of interest located in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Increasing the intensity of the focused beam results in the physical ejection or "catapulting" of the circumscribed cells away from the surrounding tissue onto a cap of a microfuge tube-a phenomenon known as laser pressure catapulting(LPC). Contamination by surrounding cell(s) can be processed using reverse transcriptase(RT)-PCR to examine patterns of gene expression.  1, record 14, English, - laser%20pressure%20catapulting

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Record 15,  Textual support,  English

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A plotter using a beam of laser light(very sharply focused) to produce an image on photosensitive material, normally at reduced scale.  2, record 15, English, - laser%20plotter

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Used in computer assisted cartography and airborne remote sensing.  3, record 15, English, - laser%20plotter

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

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Traceur utilisant le rayon d'un laser pour produire une image sur un support photosensible.  2, record 15, French, - traceur%20%C3%A0%20laser

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Record 16,  Textual support,  English

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A laser beam is focused into a plasma containing hydrogen propellant. The laser heats the core of the propellant fluid to a plasma state and then the plasma is allowed to expand through a nozzle to produce thrust.  2, record 16, English, - laser%20propulsion

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Record 17,  Textual support,  English

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A laser is a unit that produces a high intensity beam of light. This can be focused i. e. the power density increased, to melt materials. The anilox laser engraver uses this principle but controls the laser and the position of the beam to produce accurately positioned cells. The fine control of the laser allows for screens up to 3475 1/cm and depth down to 4 microns...  2, record 17, English, - anilox%20laser%20engraver

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

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[Appareil servant à la] gravure des cylindres anilox directement à partir de fichiers numériques, à l'aide de têtes laser dont les faisceaux creusent des alvéoles dans une grande précision.  1, record 17, French, - machine%20%C3%A0%20graver%20%C3%A0%20laser

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En première mondiale au salon drupa 2004, HELL avait dévoilé le prototype d'un graveur au laser qui est le premier au monde à créer directement des alvéoles sur une surface cuivrée ou chromée. Les différentes possibilités de contrôle du laser permettent la création d'alvéoles dont la profondeur et les profils peuvent être largement définis à volonté et indépendamment les unes des autres.  3, record 17, French, - machine%20%C3%A0%20graver%20%C3%A0%20laser

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machine à graver à laser : terme et définition tirés du Vocabulaire de la flexographie de France Brodeur. Reproduction autorisée par l'Institut des communications graphiques du Québec.  4, record 17, French, - machine%20%C3%A0%20graver%20%C3%A0%20laser

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Record 18,  Textual support,  English

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MTHEL uses directed energy(laser beam) to intercept aerial targets such as rockets, missiles, artillery shells and other aerial threats. The target destruction is achieved by projecting a highly focused, high-power laser beam, delivered by a chemical laser, with enough energy to affect the target, and explode it in midair.  1, record 18, English, - mobile%20tactical%20high%20energy%20laser

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MTHEL is a development of the mobile version of the Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL) testbed weapon, developed by Northrop Grumman under a US Army contract. The program is expected to provide a completed prototype by 2007.  1, record 18, English, - mobile%20tactical%20high%20energy%20laser

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Record 19,  Textual support,  English

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A laser scanning microscopy system that focuses on a single plane of light through a biological substance, allowing high-resolution, three-dimensional images to be built up.  4, record 19, English, - confocal%20laser%20scanning%20microscopy

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Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy(LSCM, also referred to as CSLM, Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy) is now established as a valuable tool for obtaining high resolution images and 3-D reconstructions of a variety of biological specimens. In LSCM, a laser light beam is expanded to make optimal use of the optics in the objective. Through a x-y deflection mechanism this beam is turned into a scanning beam, focussed to a small spot by an objective lens onto a fluorescent specimen. The mixture of reflected light and emitted fluorescent light is captured by the same objective and(after conversion into a static beam by the x-y scanner device) is focused onto a photodetector(photomultiplier) via a dichroic mirror(beam splitter). The reflected light is deviated by the dichroic mirror while the emitted fluorescent light passes through in the direction of the photomultiplier. A confocal aperture(pinhole) is placed in front of the photodetector, such that the fluorescent light(not the reflected light!) from points on the specimen that are not within the focal plane(the so called out-of-focus light) where the laser beam was focussed will be largly obstructed by the pinhole. In this way, out-of-focus information(both above and below the focal plane) is greatly reduced.  2, record 19, English, - confocal%20laser%20scanning%20microscopy

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

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Principe de la microscopie confocale à balayage laser (MCBL). Le rayon laser excitateur pénètre dans l'échantillon préalablement marqué par des fluorochromes [...], auparavant répertoriés et choisis en fonction de leurs propriétés à se fixer sur des molécules particulières d'une structure ou d'un objet d'intérêt. Lors de l'impact optique, il y a émission de rayons lumineux provenant de différents plans de la préparation. Grâce à un diaphragme variable («trou d'aiguille» - pinhole), il est possible de sélectionner les rayons émis par un seul plan de préparation et d'éliminer le signal provenant d'autres plans. Les rayons réfléchis sont filtrés en fonction de leur longueurs d'onde puis détectés par des photo-multiplicateurs. Le signal reçu est enfin converti en signal numérique, contribuant à la création d'une image [...]  2, record 19, French, - microscopie%20confocale%20%C3%A0%20balayage%20laser

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tous les champs d'application de la microscopie confocale à balayage laser : localisations intracellulaires par fluorescence (simple et double marquage), reconstitution 3D par fluorescence de structures cellulaires, hybridation in situ, cinétique de processus dans les cellules vivantes, états de surface de matériaux divers.  3, record 19, French, - microscopie%20confocale%20%C3%A0%20balayage%20laser

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Record 20,  Textual support,  English

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A light microscope that has a high axial resolution and that is capable of optical sectioning by illuminating the specimen one point at a time with a focused laser beam and using an optical arrangement, where only the light originating from the focus can be detected.  5, record 20, English, - confocal%20laser%20scanning%20microscope

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

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Le microscope confocal à balayage laser (MCBL) est un microscope optique à éclairage épiscopique géré par un ordinateur qui est capable de sectionner optiquement un échantillon épais. Son image est ensuite reconstruite en superposant toutes ou certaines des sections optiques. Le faisceau lumineux (laser) balaie la surface de l'échantillon au moyen d'un miroir galvanométrique et la lumière réfléchie ou émise (fluorescence) provenant de chaque point de la surface balayée est recueillie par un détecteur, numérisée et stockée dans la mémoire de l'ordinateur. Sur le trajet des rayons provenant de l'échantillon se trouve un diaphragme (pinhole), situé sur l'avant du détecteur dans le plan conjugué avec celui de l'échantillon (confocal). Seuls les rayons image venant du plan focal, qui est confocal avec le plan du diaphragme, parviennent au détecteur. Les autres rayons, provenant d'autres plans focaux, sont bloqués par le diaphragme [...]. L'image résultante obtenue par balayage au niveau du plan focal a une épaisseur extrêmement limitée (section optique) et n'est pas perturbée par des images floues des plans situés au dessus ou au dessous. Comme l'ordinateur déplace la platine dans la direction de l'axe optique Z avec des mouvements micrométriques prédéfinis après chaque balayage, le MCBL ne peut pas recueillir les images provenant d'autres plans. L'ordinateur stocke les images correspondants aux sections optiques successives. Ces images peuvent être traitées de multiples manières.  3, record 20, French, - microscope%20confocal%20%C3%A0%20balayage%20laser

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Record 21,  Textual support,  English

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Electron beam and laser are high energy beam welding processes. Their focused and concentrated beams are capable of outputs equivalent to millions of watts per square inch.... we can identify electron beam and laser as energy processes which generate or create heat at and in the weld joint by conversion of beam energy to thermal energy.  2, record 21, English, - high%20energy%20beam%20welding

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Effet thermique : il produit le cycle échauffement/fusion/refroidissement et s'exerce essentiellement sous deux formes : - celle d'une source extérieure de chaleur transférée aux parties à souder et généralement ponctuelle et mobile; c'est le cas des procédés suivants, appelés également procédés par fusion : le soudage au chalumeau [,] le soudage à l'arc électrique [,] le soudage par faisceau haute énergie - celle d'une source de chaleur engendrée dans la matière elle-même, soit dans le plan de joint, soit de façon diffuse et qu'il convient de localiser. Cette source est fixe dans l'espace et il lui est associé l'effet mécanique évoqué ci-après.  1, record 21, French, - soudage%20par%20faisceau%20%C3%A0%20haute%20%C3%A9nergie

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Record 22,  Textual support,  English

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The availability of additional laser methods such as optical trapping(immobilizing and moving cells or organelles with a focused beam of light), optiporation(permeabilization of the cell membrane with light), optical fusion(inducting cells or vesicles for fuse with light), and optical ablation(optically incinerating cells or subcellular structures) provides an ever-increasing armory of optical tools for new and exciting investigations that depend upon macromanipulation of single cells and contaminant-free isolation of these cells from tissue slices or tissue culture.  1, record 22, English, - optiporation

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

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Perméabilisation de la membrane cellulaire à l'aide du rayon laser.  1, record 22, French, - perm%C3%A9abilisation%20optique

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

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The availability of additional laser methods such as optical trapping(immobilizing and moving cells or organelles with a focused beam of light), optiporation(permeabilization of the cell membrane with light), optical fusion(inducting cells or vesicles for fuse with light), and optical ablation(optically incinerating cells or subcellular structures) provides an ever-increasing armory of optical tools for new and exciting investigations that depend upon macromanipulation of single cells and contaminant-free isolation of these cells from tissue slices or tissue culture.  1, record 23, English, - optical%20trapping

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

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Il est souvent délicat de contrôler avec précision la position de l'objet étudié en raison de sa taille et de sa fragilité. Cela devient plus délicat encore lorsqu'il s'agit d'approcher deux objets initialement séparés afin de les amener au contact. Pour réaliser de telles expériences, nous développons des outils spécifiques de manipulation : le piégeage optique par faisceaux laser et la micromanipulation mécanique. Le piégeage optique utilise la pression de radiation exercée par un ou deux faisceaux laser focalisés. On peut ainsi manipuler sans contact des objets de quelques microns. Nous utilisons cette technique pour mettre en contact une particule solide avec une vésicule géante.  1, record 23, French, - pi%C3%A9geage%20optique

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The availability of additional laser methods such as optical trapping(immobilizing and moving cells or organelles with a focused beam of light), optiporation(permeabilization of the cell membrane with light), optical fusion(inducting cells or vesicles for fuse with light), and optical ablation(optically incinerating cells or subcellular structures) provides an ever-increasing armory of optical tools for new and exciting investigations that depend upon macromanipulation of single cells and contaminant-free isolation of these cells from tissue slices or tissue culture.  1, record 24, English, - optical%20ablation

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ablation cellulaire par rayon laser.  1, record 24, French, - ablation%20optique

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The availability of additional laser methods such as optical trapping(immobilizing and moving cells or organelles with a focused beam of light), optiporation(permeabilization of the cell membrane with light), optical fusion(inducting cells or vesicles for fuse with light), and optical ablation(optically incinerating cells or subcellular structures) provides an ever-increasing armory of optical tools for new and exciting investigations that depend upon macromanipulation of single cells and contaminant-free isolation of these cells from tissue slices or tissue culture.  1, record 25, English, - optical%20fusion

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Laser ionization. A focused beam from a high-power pulsed laser can be used to produce a small ball of dense plasma from essentially any solid, and positive ions can be extracted from this plasma.  1, record 26, English, - laser%20ionization

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source à laser. L'utilisation d'un laser pour créer des ions [peut servir à] l'analyse des molécules organiques. L'énergie importante véhiculée par le faisceau d'un laser peut conduire, lors de l'irradiation d'un solide, à un plasma [...] qui se prête [...] à une vaporisation des éléments minéraux les plus réfractaires [...] avec rupture totale des liaisons chimiques [...] le spectre ionique est [...] représentatif de l'échantillon.  2, record 26, French, - ionisation%20par%20laser

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish