TERMIUM Plus^®

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Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, coal products, natural gas, derived gas, crude oil, petroleum products and non-renewable wastes. These fuels originate from plants and animals that existed in the geological past(for example, millions of years ago).  2, record 1, English, - fossil%20fuel

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fossil fuel: term often used in the plural as a collective term.  3, record 1, English, - fossil%20fuel

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fossil fuel: term used at the Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada, and extracted from its 2001 Annual Report.  4, record 1, English, - fossil%20fuel

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fossil fuel: term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Report.  5, record 1, English, - fossil%20fuel

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

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Le terme combustible fossile est un terme générique désignant toutes les ressources énergétiques naturelles non renouvelables, telles que le charbon, le gaz naturel et le pétrole, formées à partir de plantes et d'animaux (biomasse) vivant dans le passé géologique (il y a des centaines de millions d'années, par exemple).  2, record 1, French, - combustible%20fossile

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combustible fossile : terme souvent utilisé au pluriel comme collectif.  3, record 1, French, - combustible%20fossile

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combustible fossile : terme en usage à l'Office de l'efficacité énergétique, Ressources naturelles Canada, et extrait de son rapport annuel de 2001.  4, record 1, French, - combustible%20fossile

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combustible fossile : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques.  5, record 1, French, - combustible%20fossile

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

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Combustibles fósiles. Se agrupan bajo esta denominación el carbón, el petróleo y el gas natural, productos que por sus características químicas se emplean como combustibles. Se han formado naturalmente a través de complejos procesos biogeoquímicos, desarrollados bajo condiciones especiales durante millones de años. La materia prima a partir de la cual se generaron incluye restos vegetales y antiguas comunidades planctónicas. Constituyen un recurso natural no renovable.  2, record 1, Spanish, - combustible%20f%C3%B3sil

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

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The conventional energy resources on which our economy is built are not renewable; these are nuclear power and the fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and oil.  2, record 2, English, - conventional%20energy%20resources

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

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Compte tenu de sa dotation relativement faible en ressources énergétiques classiques, l'Inde a commencé à s'intéresser aux possibilités de produire de l'électricité au moyen de sources d'énergie [non classiques.]  3, record 2, French, - ressources%20%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tiques%20classiques

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ressources énergétiques conventionnelles : L'emploi de l'adjectif «conventionnel» pour qualifier les ressources énergétiques dont l'utilisation est très répandue constitue un anglicisme. Cette construction est donc à éviter.  4, record 2, French, - ressources%20%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tiques%20classiques

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

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La denominación "recursos energéticos convencionales" corresponde a los de mayor utilización hoy en día: carbón mineral, petróleo y sus derivados, gas natural, energía eléctrica (bien sea de origen hídrico o térmico), la energía nuclear y la biomasa.  1, record 2, Spanish, - recurso%20energ%C3%A9tico%20convencional

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recurso energético convencional: término utilizado generalmente en plural.  2, record 2, Spanish, - recurso%20energ%C3%A9tico%20convencional

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

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Almost all of the emission changes over the long term are attributable to six major areas : the fossil fuel(coal, oil and gas) industries, transport, electricity generation, manufacturing, commercial/institutional and agriculture.  1, record 3, English, - fossil%20fuel%20industry

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

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Presque tous les changements à long terme survenus dans les émissions concernent six grands domaines : les industries des combustibles fossiles (charbon, pétrole et gaz), le transport, la production d’électricité, le secteur manufacturier, le secteur commercial/institutionnel et l’agriculture.  1, record 3, French, - industrie%20des%20combustibles%20fossiles

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Record 4,  Textual support,  English

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In the 2011 data year, approximately 88% of the total oil and gas sector emissions can be attributed to the upstream fossil fuel industry, which includes crude oil production(both conventional, as well as bitumen and synthetic crude oil from oil sands operations), natural gas production and processing, and oil and gas transmission.  1, record 4, English, - oil%20and%20gas%20transmission

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

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En 2011, environ 88 % des émissions totales du secteur du pétrole et du gaz peuvent être attribuées au secteur d'amont de l'industrie des combustibles fossiles, qui comprend la production de pétrole brut (de pétrole brut classique ainsi que de bitume et de pétrole brut synthétique des exploitations de sables bitumineux), la production et le traitement de gaz naturel et le transport du pétrole et du gaz.  1, record 4, French, - transport%20du%20p%C3%A9trole%20et%20du%20gaz

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Record 5,  Textual support,  English

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A carbonaceous fuel mixed or stripped from the earth, such as petroleum, coal, peat, shale oil, or tar sands.  2, record 5, English, - mineral%20fuel

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... coal and petroleum (the so-called mineral fuels) ... belong to the mineral kingdom but are non-crystalline and not necessarily formed by inorganic processes.  3, record 5, English, - mineral%20fuel

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Note that coal, oil and natural gas are primary energy sources which are extracted from the earth(fossil fuels). Natural uranium is also a primary energy source extracted from the earth but does not come from the decomposition of organisms(mineral fuel).  4, record 5, English, - mineral%20fuel

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

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Les principaux combustibles sont le bois, la houille, le pétrole et le gaz naturel. À l'exception du bois, tous ces combustibles sont classés comme combustibles minéraux, parce qu'ils sont extraits de formations rocheuses, mais ils ne constituent pas des minéraux [...]  2, record 5, French, - combustible%20min%C3%A9ral

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Gîtes d'origine chimico-biologique. À ce type appartiennent les combustibles minéraux (houille, pétrole), les minerais de fer oolithique et les gisements de phosphates sédimentaires [...]  3, record 5, French, - combustible%20min%C3%A9ral

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Le calcaire, le granite, le basalte sont des roches aussi bien que l'argile, le sable, et les combustibles minéraux tels la houille, le pétrole et même les hydrocarbures gazeux.  4, record 5, French, - combustible%20min%C3%A9ral

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Record 6,  Textual support,  English

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Several participants saw natural gas as a transition fuel between coal and oil and renewable energy sources.... natural gas has a bridging role as a fossil fuel between fuels that have a higher [greenhouse gas] output per unit of energy and renewable fuels such as wind and solar power.  2, record 6, English, - transition%20fuel

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

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Plusieurs participants voyaient le gaz naturel comme un carburant de transition entre le charbon et le pétrole et les sources d'énergie renouvelables. [...] legaz naturel joue un rôle de pont en tant que combustible fossile, entre les combustibles ayant une plus grande production de [gaz à effet de serre] par unité d'énergie et les combustibles renouvelables tels que les filières éolienne et solaire.  2, record 6, French, - carburant%20de%20transition

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Record 7,  Textual support,  English

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Source of heat and power that ... rely on [other sources than] fossil fuels or nuclear fission.  3, record 7, English, - renewable%20energy%20source

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These include solar energy, hydroelectric energy, wind energy, wave energy, tidal energy, biological energy sources, nuclear fusion, geothermal energy and ocean thermal energy conversion. The term may also be understood to include nuclear fission and such fossil fuels as are presently little used, such as oil shales and tar sands.  4, record 7, English, - renewable%20energy%20source

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renewable energy source: term used at the Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada, and extracted from its 2001 Annual Report.  5, record 7, English, - renewable%20energy%20source

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

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Les énergies de substitution [proviennent de] la conversion de l'énergie solaire, de l'énergie hydroélectrique, de l'énergie éolienne, de l'énergie des vagues, de l'énergie marémotrice, de la fusion nucléaire, de l'énergie géothermique et de l'énergie thermique des mers.  4, record 7, French, - source%20d%27%C3%A9nergie%20renouvelable

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sources d'énergie de remplacement : terme en usage à l'Office de l'efficacité énergétique, Ressources naturelles Canada, et tiré de son rapport annuel de 2001.  5, record 7, French, - source%20d%27%C3%A9nergie%20renouvelable

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source d'énergie renouvelable; source d'énergie de substitution; source d'énergie de remplacement : termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  4, record 7, French, - source%20d%27%C3%A9nergie%20renouvelable

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Record 8,  Textual support,  English

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A brachiopod shell especially of the genus "terebratula" or a related genus.  3, record 8, English, - lamp%20shell

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More than 30, 000 fossil species of lamp shells are known, although there are only some 350 species worldwide today.... Turned upside down, brachiopods resemble ancient Roman oil lamps, hence the common name.  4, record 8, English, - lamp%20shell

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

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Cette Terebratula du Quaternaire de Calabre a la forme classique en lampe à huile, commune à de nombreux brachiopodes, forme due au développement inégal de valves et au gros crochet perforé.  4, record 8, French, - brachiopode%20en%20forme%20de%20lampe%20%C3%A0%20huile

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Le nom de «lampshell», utilisé dans la langue de Shakespeare, vient de la ressemblance de certaines espèces [de térébratules] avec des lampes à huile romaines, vraisemblablement d'origine étrusque.  3, record 8, French, - brachiopode%20en%20forme%20de%20lampe%20%C3%A0%20huile

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Record 9,  Textual support,  English

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A tax levied on all fossil fuels in proportion to the amount of carbon dioxide that is released as they burn.  4, record 9, English, - carbon%20tax

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Greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide are estimated in carbon (dioxide) equivalent.  5, record 9, English, - carbon%20tax

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Carbon taxes discourage the use of fossil fuels and aim to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by placing a surcharge on the carbon content of oil, coal, and gas.  6, record 9, English, - carbon%20tax

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In this form of fuel tax, the level of taxation is determined by the carbon content of each fuel. Users of natural gas would pay less than users of petroleum gasoline (Source: Mintzer, 1992).  7, record 9, English, - carbon%20tax

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

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[...] une taxe sur la teneur en carbone du pétrole, du charbon et du gaz découragerait l'utilisation des combustibles fossiles et réduirait ainsi les émissions de dioxyde de carbone. Un certain nombre de pays industrialisés ont déjà tenté d'instaurer une taxe sur le carbone. De nombreux économistes estiment que cette taxe pourrait entraîner une réduction des émissions de CO₂ à un coût minimum. Toutefois, comme les taxes laissent les particuliers et les entreprises libres de leur choix, elle ne garantit pas absolument que le niveau d'émissions prescrit sera atteint. Pour être efficace, la taxe doit être bien conçue et bien gérée.  2, record 9, French, - taxe%20sur%20les%20%C3%A9missions%20carboniques

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Record 10,  Textual support,  English

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Marked by his carbon intensity.  2, record 10, English, - carbon%2Dintensive

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Policies that preserve flexibility and diversity in supplying energy and that as far as possible avoid irreversible commitments to large-scale, long-term use of coal or oil shale may also be appropriate. Over the intermediate term, policies to encourage the substitution of less carbon-intensive fuels are appropriate for consideration by governments. Such policies might include(1) a "carbon tax" on fossil fuel use;(2) a system of marketable permits for CO2 or greenhouse gas emissions, tradeable on a regional basis or(3) incentives for the use of alternative non-fossil technologies.  3, record 10, English, - carbon%2Dintensive

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A carbon-intensive activity, apparatus, method, process.  4, record 10, English, - carbon%2Dintensive

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

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Qui se caractérise par son intensité carbonique.  2, record 10, French, - %C3%A0%20intensit%C3%A9%20carbonique

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L'intensité carbonique permet de reconnaître le moins polluant (du point de vue rejet de gaz carbonique) de plusieurs appareils, procédés ou méthodes. Plus l'intensité est faible moins l'appareil pollue, plus elle est élevée, plus l'appareil pollue. Il faut bien prendre garde de ne pas confondre cette notion avec l'intensité énergétique : un combustible qui offre un bon rendement (énergie utilisée-travail produit) est qualifié de combustible à forte intensité énergétique; un combustible qui produit peu de rejets carboniques est qualifié de combustible à faible intensité carbonique.  2, record 10, French, - %C3%A0%20intensit%C3%A9%20carbonique

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À faible, à grande intensité carbonique.  3, record 10, French, - %C3%A0%20intensit%C3%A9%20carbonique

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Record 11,  Textual support,  English

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The amount of energy available to the final consumer, plus conversion losses and energy used by the energy supply industries themselves.  1, record 11, English, - primary%20energy%20consumption

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Conversion losses are losses in the processing of refined petroleum products, for example, or losses due to thermal and mechanical inefficiencies resulting from the conversion of fossil fuels-coal, oil and natural gas-into electricity in thermal power generation.  1, record 11, English, - primary%20energy%20consumption

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

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Quantité d'énergie dont dispose le consommateur final, augmentée des pertes en cours de conversion et des quantités utilisées par l'industrie de l'approvisionnement en électricité elle-même.  1, record 11, French, - consommation%20d%27%C3%A9nergie%20primaire

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Les pertes en cours de conversion sont les pertes subies au cours du traitement des produits pétroliers, par exemple, ou les pertes attribuables à un manque d'efficacité des processus thermiques et mécaniques qui interviennent dans la conversion des combustibles fossiles- charbon, pétrole et gaz naturel- en électricité.  1, record 11, French, - consommation%20d%27%C3%A9nergie%20primaire

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Record 12,  Textual support,  English

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A non profit organization created in 1994, has as its mission implementing the National Earth Comfort Program. The National Earth Comfort Program is a collaborative effort between the US Department of Energy, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and private sector organizations interested in promoting the growth of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly heating and cooling technology. The GHPC' s specific area of interest is in increasing the use of GeoExchange technology for both commercial and residential heating and cooling. GeoExchange systems use the earth's renewable energy to provide heating in winter, and cooling in summer, with energy consomption 25% to 50% less than traditional oil, natural gas, and electric heat pump systems. Moreover because GeoExchange systems burn no fossil fuels in creating heat, they reduce greenhouse gas emissions substantially, and eliminate a source of carbon monoxide inside the homes and commercial buildings where they’re used.  1, record 12, English, - Geothermal%20Heat%20Pump%20Consortium

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Record 13,  Textual support,  English

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An early name for petroleum.  2, record 13, English, - fossil%20oil

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Un des premiers noms du pétrole.  1, record 13, French, - huile%20fossile

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Record 14,  Textual support,  English

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The recoverable fossil fuel reserves(coal, gas, crude oils, oil shale, and tar sands) and biomass that can be used in fuel production and consumption.  1, record 14, English, - carbon%20resources

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This definition is very general and rather confusing : there is defined limits separating the meaning of the technical terms : reserve, resource, exploitable resource, potentially exploitable resource, etc. (see Energy terminology - A Multi-lingual Glossary, WEC-2 1983, for more specific definitions).  2, record 14, English, - carbon%20resources

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

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Réserves de carbone fossile (charbon, gaz, etc.) et non fossile (liziers, déchets, etc.) qui peut être récupérées.  1, record 14, French, - ressources%20en%20carbone

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Des normes très précises permettent de distinguer les ressources des réserves. Les réserves sont connues et valent la peine d'être exploitées sur leur site dans des conditions déterminées au moment de l'évaluation de leur utilité; les ressources quant à elles comprennent d'abord les réserves mais aussi la quantité de matière qui après estimation pourrait devenir valable dans un avenir prévisible. Pour les normalisateurs, l'exploitabilité ne constitue pas un facteur au moment de dresser l'inventaire des ressources.  1, record 14, French, - ressources%20en%20carbone

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Record 16,  Textual support,  English

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Low energy gas(LEG) is produced by air gasification processes where a portion of the input wood(about 20 percent) is combusted with air to provide process heat. LEG can be used to displace fossil fuels by retrofitting oil or gas-fired boilers, kilns, dryers and space heaters. In addition, it can be cooled and cleaned for use in internal combustion engines to generate shaft power or electricity. Due to the low energy content, economics dictate that the gas be used immediately and not piped great distances.  1, record 16, English, - low%20energy%20gas

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Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

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The water cooled cyclonic burner fired with crushed coal on oil may be adapted to firing hog [fuel] in combination with fossil fuels. The all refractory cyclonic burner limited to firing dry pulverized wood waste has been wed as the heat source for dry kilns and rotary dryers but has yet to be demonstrated firing directly into a boiler.  1, record 17, English, - cyclonic%20burner

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

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Des brûleurs cyclones [pour la paille] simples et compacts, inspirés du gazogène en suspension, (...) sont en cours de développement.  1, record 17, French, - br%C3%BBleur%20cyclone

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish