TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The essential difference between legal and equitable rights is best understood by comparing absolute ownership with trusts....(A) t this point it is only necessary to appreciate that trusts were unenforceable at common law. If land was conveyed to A in fee simple upon trust for B in fee simple, the common law courts regarded A as absolute owner and would not recognise any rights in B. But the Chancellor would enforce trusts, as matters of conscience, and compel A to hold the land on B's behalf and to allow B to enjoy it. In such a case A is the "legal owner", B is the "equitable owner". The land is vested in A, but since he is trustee of it he is not the beneficial owner :he has only the "bare legal estate", and the beneficial interest belongs to B. Now legal ownership confers rights "in rem", rights of property in the land itself, which can be enforced against anyone. Equitable ownership conferred at first only a right "in personam", a right to compel the trustee personally to perform his trust.(Megarry & Wade, 4th ed., 1975, p. 113).  1, record 1, English, - legal%20ownership

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

propriété en common law : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, record 1, French, - propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20en%20common%20law

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Soon a more sturdy doctrine was fashioned. It was called "last clear chance", "last opportunity" or "ultimate negligence". The seminal case was Davies v. Mann where the plaintiff negligently left his donkey on the highway with its legs tied. The defendant drove his wagon and horses negligently into the animal and killed it. Liability was imposed on the defendant, despite the contributory negligence of the plaintiff, because according to Lord Abinger the defendant might have avoided the animal with proper care. The case was later explained on the ground that the defendant was held totally responsible because he had the "last opportunity of avoiding the accident". Another rationale of the case rested on causation theory; where the defendant could have avoided the accident, he, and not the plaintiff, was the sole cause of it.... The best explanation of the last clear chance theory was that it was a technique for imposing liability on the defendant, when his negligence was relatively greater than the plaintiff's.  1, record 2, English, - last%20clear%20chance

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une meilleure règle fut bientôt mise de l'avant. On l'appela la règle de la "dernière chance" ("last clear chance"), de la "dernière occasion" ou de la "négligence ultime". Elle vit le jour dans l'arrêt Davies v. Mann, dans lequel le demandeur avait, par négligence, laissé son âne sur la grande route avec les pattes attachées. Le défendeur fut imprudent, frappa l'animal avec son chariot et ses chevaux et le tua. Le défendeur fut déclaré responsable malgré le fait que le demandeur avait, par sa faute contribué à l'accident. Au dire de lord Abinger, le défendeur aurait pu éviter l'accident s'il avait pris des précautions raisonnables. On tenta plus tard de justifier cette décision en disant que le défendeur avait été tenu entièrement responsable parce que c'est lui qui "était le dernier à avoir eu l'occasion d'éviter l'accident". Une autre explication de cette décision est la théorie de la causalité : lorsque le défendeur aurait pu éviter l'accident, c'était lui, et non le demandeur, qui en était l'unique responsable. (...) La meilleure justification que l'on a apportée de cette règle de la dernière chance, c'est qu'il s'agissait d'un moyen de tenir le défendeur responsable s'il avait davantage fait preuve de négligence que le demandeur.  1, record 2, French, - r%C3%A8gle%20de%20la%20derni%C3%A8re%20chance

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Robert H. Goddard was the world's first person to ever launch a liquid fueled rocket. He was a New England physics professor and an American rocket pioneer. In the early 1900's, Dr. Goddard considered the idea of a liquid fueled rocket utilizing hydrogen and oxygen. In his studies he noticed that solid fueled rockets produced a lower exhaust velocity, which means it would make the rocket go faster. He pioneered the invention of rockets that used liquid oxygen and hydrogen. He also discovered "Rapid Reactions" which was the rapid loading of liquid fuels. He also noticed that liquid hydrogen is best from a higher exhaust velocity.  3, record 3, English, - liquid%2Dfueled%20rocket

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Première fusée à carburant liquide. Le physicien américain Robert Hutchings Goddard réalise à Auburn dans le Massachusetts, le lancement d'une fusée propulsée par un mélange d'essence et d'oxygène liquide. L'engin atteint une altitude de 12,50 mètres et une vitesse de 100 km/h. Ce premier essai encouragera Goddard à perfectionner son système de propulsion. Il déposera 214 brevets d'inventions qui joueront une importance capitale dans la conquête spatiale.  2, record 3, French, - fus%C3%A9e%20%C3%A0%20carburant%20liquide

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The horses and arms of a tenant, or, if he were a villein, the best beast to which the lord was entitled by custom on the death of his tenant.  1, record 4, English, - heriot

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Heriots survived chiefly as an incident of copyhold tenure, but were abolished as a manorial incident subject to compensation by the Law of Property Act, 1922, s. 128.  1, record 4, English, - heriot

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 OBS

heriots: Term no longer current in law.  2, record 4, English, - heriot

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

He was a consummate craftsman who made the best of his material.  1, record 5, English, - consummate%20craftsman

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ces hommes étaient des maîtres artisans et ont tiré de la pierre à peu près le maximum. (Courrier de l'Unesco, août-septembre 1972, p. 16).  1, record 5, French, - ma%C3%AEtre%20artisan

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

idiomatic expression (Vinay & Darbelnet).  1, record 6, English, - he%20was%20at%20his%20best

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish