TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The structural determinants of health ... operate furthest away from the individual at the system level, entrenching economic, social, and political power and ensuring that those who already have a privileged position in society maintain it.  3, record 1, English, - structural%20determinant%20of%20health

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the nonmedical factors that influence health outcomes. They are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life.  3, record 2, English, - social%20determinant%20of%20health

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La Organización Mundial de la Salud describe los determinantes sociales de la salud (DSS) como "las condiciones socioeconómicas en que las personas nacen, crecen, viven, educan, trabajan y envejecen" [que] influyen en la salud de los individuos, las familias y las comunidades en su conjunto.  1, record 2, Spanish, - determinante%20social%20de%20la%20salud

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ecological determinants of health: The elements of nature that are vital for life on Earth, including food sources, fresh water, oxygen, materials to construct shelters and tools, abundant energy, and reasonably stable global climate with temperatures conducive to human and other life forms. Maintaining the integrity, stability, and equitable distribution of these natural systems is an essential condition for health, survival, and prosperity.  5, record 3, English, - ecological%20determinant%20of%20health

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Déterminants écologiques de la santé : Éléments de la nature qui sont essentiels à la vie sur Terre, notamment les sources de nourriture, l'eau douce, l'oxygène, les matériaux de construction des abris et de fabrication des outils, une énergie abondante et un climat mondial raisonnablement stable offrant des températures propices à l'être humain et aux autres formes de vie. Le maintien de l'intégrité, de la stabilité et de la répartition équitable de ces systèmes naturels est une condition essentielle à la santé, à la survie et à la prospérité.  2, record 3, French, - d%C3%A9terminant%20%C3%A9cologique%20de%20la%20sant%C3%A9

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Los determinantes ecológicos de la salud, es decir, los elementos sociales, físicos y económicos, interactúan con factores individuales, biológicos y comportamentales, afectando el estado de salud de las personas.  1, record 3, Spanish, - determinante%20ecol%C3%B3gico%20de%20la%20salud

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The EDH [ecological determinants of health] were understood ... as systemic understandings and interrelations, while the EnDH were seen as contaminants and hazards ...  2, record 4, English, - environmental%20determinant%20of%20health

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La calidad del agua potable es un poderoso determinante ambiental de la salud.  1, record 4, Spanish, - determinante%20ambiental%20de%20la%20salud

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Access to health services refers to the ability of individuals or groups to obtain services they seek, and is widely regarded as an important determinant of health.  2, record 5, English, - access%20to%20health%20services

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

De igual forma, uno de los aspectos que afectan en mayor medida el acceso a los servicios de salud es la falta de equidad, motivada tanto por factores económicos como geográficos, étnicos, culturales, sociales, laborales y de regulación.  1, record 5, Spanish, - acceso%20a%20los%20servicios%20de%20salud

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Although [the] effects of PM₁₀ on individual mental health determinants in the ... study are small, the ramifications on the general German population and health system can be noteworthy.  2, record 6, English, - individual%20determinant%20of%20mental%20health

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Mental health is a complex topic, and there are a variety of factors, also known as mental health determinants, that can influence someone’s mental well-being. Mental health determinants can include anything from genetics and biology to social environment and lifestyle choices.  2, record 7, English, - determinant%20of%20mental%20health

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Examples of environmental determinants of mental health include natural disasters, industrial disasters, war or conflict, climate change, and forced migration.  1, record 8, English, - environmental%20determinant%20of%20mental%20health

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The social determinants of mental health are societal problems that disrupt optimal mental health, increase risk for and prevalence of mental illnesses, and worsen outcomes among individuals with mental illnesses. The various social determinants, two of which are described herein because they are too often neglected—discrimination and food insecurity—are underpinned by an unequal and unjust distribution of opportunity, which, in turn, is driven by both public policies and social norms.  3, record 9, English, - social%20determinant%20of%20mental%20health

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Determinants of health are the broad range of personal, social, economic and environmental factors that determine individual and population health. The main determinants of health include: income and social status, employment and working conditions, education and literacy, childhood experiences, physical environments, social supports and coping skills, healthy behaviours, access to health services, biology and genetic endowment, gender, culture, race/racism.  3, record 10, English, - determinant%20of%20health

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les déterminants de la santé comprennent un large éventail de facteurs personnels, sociaux, économiques et environnementaux qui déterminent la santé d'une personne ou d'une population. Les principaux déterminants de la santé comprennent : le revenu et le statut social; l'emploi et les conditions de travail; l'éducation et la littératie; les expériences vécues pendant l'enfance; l'environnement physique; le soutien social et la capacité d'adaptation; les comportements sains; l'accès aux services de santé; la biologie et le patrimoine génétique; le genre; la culture; la race et le racisme.  2, record 10, French, - d%C3%A9terminant%20de%20la%20sant%C3%A9

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conjunto de factores personales, sociales, políticos y ambientales que determinan el estado de salud de los individuos y las poblaciones.  1, record 11, Spanish, - factor%20determinante%20de%20la%20salud

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

factor determinante de la salud: término utilizado generalmente en plural.  2, record 11, Spanish, - factor%20determinante%20de%20la%20salud

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A retrospective observational study designed to determine whether there is a link between a given parameter(e. g. a disease or a health determinant) and a specified cause.  2, record 12, English, - case%2Dcontrol%20study

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Investigators select a group of subjects presenting the parameter of interest (cases) and a group not presenting the parameter (controls). Then they compare the histories of the cases and controls to determine whether there is an association between the parameter and the cause being studied.  2, record 12, English, - case%2Dcontrol%20study

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

The term “case-control study” is often, incorrectly, considered a synonym of “retrospective study.” Although, in both cases, it is necessary to look into the past for the chain of events, the term “retrospective study” does not necessarily include the element of comparison of two or more groups defined at the start of the study, an element that characterizes case-control studies. The qualifier “retrospective” simply indicates the temporal direction of the study.  2, record 12, English, - case%2Dcontrol%20study

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

case-control study: term and definition standardized by the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Glossary English Editorial Board and the Translation Bureau.  3, record 12, English, - case%2Dcontrol%20study

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Étude d’observation rétrospective conçue pour déterminer s’il existe un lien entre un paramètre donné (p. ex. une maladie ou un déterminant de santé) et une cause déterminée.  1, record 12, French, - %C3%A9tude%20cas%2Ft%C3%A9moins

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les chercheurs sélectionnent un groupe de sujets présentant le paramètre à l’étude (les cas) et un groupe qui ne présente pas ce paramètre (les témoins). Ils comparent ensuite les antécédents des cas et des témoins afin de déterminer s’il existe une association entre le paramètre et la cause à l’étude.  1, record 12, French, - %C3%A9tude%20cas%2Ft%C3%A9moins

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

L’expression étude cas/témoin est souvent considérée à tort comme synonyme d’étude rétrospective. Même si dans les deux cas, on doit faire un retour dans le passé pour remonter le cours des événements, l’expression étude rétrospective ne comporte pas nécessairement l’élément de comparaison entre deux ou plusieurs groupes définis au début de l’étude, élément qui caractérise l’étude cas/témoins. Le qualificatif «rétrospectif» indique simplement l’orientation temporelle de l’étude.  1, record 12, French, - %C3%A9tude%20cas%2Ft%C3%A9moins

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

On voit le plus souvent l’expression cas-témoins avec un trait d’union, mais cette graphie est discutable. En effet, l’expression binominale, avec le trait d’union et l’élision de l’article devant les deux noms, est construite sur le même modèle qu’une série d’autres expressions consacrées par l’usage dans lesquelles le deuxième nom est attribut du premier. Exemples : groupe témoin, appartement-témoin, secteur témoin (toutes ces expressions pouvant s’écrire avec et sans trait d’union). Dans l’expression étude cas-témoin, on pourrait donc croire, à tort, qu’il s’agit d’une étude comprenant des cas qui sont témoins (à l’instar des autres expressions binominales) et non pas d’une étude comprenant des cas et des témoins. L’ambiguïté a conduit certains auteurs à utiliser cette expression en lui donnant le premier sens et à écrire études des cas témoins. L’utilisation de l’article «des» ne peut que renforcer l’idée qu’il s’agit de cas qui sont des témoins. Néanmoins, l’usage de l’expression sous sa forme actuelle étant répandu parmi les épidémiologistes, on pourrait réduire l’ambiguïté en remplaçant le trait d’union par une barre oblique indiquant une opposition ou une comparaison, et écrire cas/témoins.  1, record 12, French, - %C3%A9tude%20cas%2Ft%C3%A9moins

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 4 OBS

étude cas/témoins; étude cas-témoin : termes et définition normalisés par l'Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) et le Bureau de la traduction en 2011.  3, record 12, French, - %C3%A9tude%20cas%2Ft%C3%A9moins

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En el diseño de "casos y controles", también llamado "trohoc" el investigador inicia el estudio seleccionando un grupo de pacientes con una enfermedad particular (o cualquier otro efecto), luego el investigador estima la tasa de exposición previa a un supuesto agente etiológico en este grupo de casos. También se tiene que determinar la tasa de exposición previa en un grupo de pacientes sin esa enfermedad (controles), ya que la lógica del diseño es de efecto-causa.  2, record 12, Spanish, - estudio%20de%20casos%20y%20controles

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En los estudios de casos y controles se utiliza una estimación indirecta del riesgo relativo, que se conoce como razón de productos cruzados o razón de momios (RM).  2, record 12, Spanish, - estudio%20de%20casos%20y%20controles

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In epidemiology, the exposed group(or simply, the exposed) is often used to connote a group whose members have been exposed to a supposed cause of a disease or health state of interest or possess a characteristic that is determinant of the health outcome of interest.  1, record 13, English, - exposed

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En l'absence d'un traitement efficace et de vaccin, la prévention reste le seul moyen de lutte contre la propagation de l'infection à VIH et du SIDA. La transmission s'effectuant principalement par voie sexuelle et par voie sanguine, la prévention porte sur ces deux modes de contamination. Les personnes exposées sont désormais nombreuses, c'est pourquoi il faut bien connaître ses partenaires et se protéger par des préservatifs.  2, record 13, French, - groupe%20expos%C3%A9

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Une population est dite exposée lorsque aucune distinction n'est faite entre les sujets susceptibles et les sujets non susceptibles de tomber malades. Une population vulnérable est susceptible de tomber malade si elle est exposée. Une population à risque élevé est une population plus vulnérable et exposée qu'une population vivant dans des conditions habituelles.  1, record 13, French, - groupe%20expos%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The importance of social support also extends to the broader community. Civic vitality refers to the strength of social networks within a community, region, province or country. It is reflected in the institutions, organizations and informal giving practices that people create to share resources and build attachments with others. The array of values and norms of a society influence in varying ways the health and well being of individuals and populations. In addition, social stability, recognition of diversity, safety, good working relationships, and cohesive communities provide a supportive society that reduces or avoids many potential risks to good health.  1, record 14, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%205%2DSocial%20Environments

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Health status improves with level of education. Education is closely tied to socioeconomic status, and effective education for children and lifelong learning for adults are key contributors to health and prosperity for individuals, and for the country. Education contributes to health and prosperity by equipping people with knowledge and skills for problem solving, and helps provide a sense of control and mastery over life circumstances. It increases opportunities for job and income security, and job satisfaction. And it improves people’s ability to access and understand information to help keep them healthy.  1, record 15, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%203%2DEducation

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Underemployment, stressful or unsafe works are associated with poorer health. People who have more control over their work circumstances and fewer stress related demands of the job are healthier and often live longer than those in more stressful or riskier work and activities.  1, record 16, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%204%2DEmployment%2FWorking%20Conditions%2C%20Unemployment

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Health status improves at each step up the income and social hierarchy. High income determines living conditions such as safe housing and ability to buy sufficient good food. The healthiest populations are those in societies that are prosperous and have an equitable distribution of wealth.  1, record 17, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%201%2DIncome%20and%20social%20status

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Gender refers to the array of society-determined roles, personality traits, attitudes, behaviours, values, relative power and influence that society ascribes to the two sexes on a differential basis. "Gendered" norms influence the health system’s practices and priorities. Many health issues are a function of gender-based social status or roles.  1, record 18, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%2011%2DGender

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Health services, particularly those designed to maintain and promote health, to prevent disease, and to restore health and function contribute to population health. The health services continuum of care includes treatment and secondary prevention.  1, record 19, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%2010%2DHealth%20Services

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

New evidence on the effects of early experiences on brain development, school readiness and health in later life has sparked a growing consensus about early child development as a powerful determinant of health in its own right. At the same time, we have been learning more about how all of the other determinants of health affect the physical, social, mental, emotional and spiritual development of children and youth. For example, a young person's development is greatly affected by his or her housing and neighborhood, family income and level of parents’ education, access to nutritious foods and physical recreation, genetic makeup and access to dental and medical.  1, record 20, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%208%2DHealthy%20Child%20Development

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Some persons or groups may face additional health risks due to a socio-economic environment, which is largely determined by dominant cultural values that contribute to the perpetuation of conditions such as marginalization, stigmatization, loss or devaluation of language and culture and lack of access to culturally appropriate health care and services.  1, record 21, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%2012%2DCulture

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills refer to those actions by which individuals can prevent diseases and promote self-care, cope with challenges, and develop self-reliance, solve problems and make choices that enhance health, but also the influence of social, economic, and environmental factors on the decisions people make about their health. There is a growing recognition that personal life "choices" are greatly influenced by the socioeconomic environments in which people live, learn, work and play. These influences impact lifestyle choice through at least five relationships and belonging, and a sense of control. Interventions that support the creation of supportive environments will enhance the capacity of individuals to make healthy lifestyle choices in a world where many choices are possible.  1, record 22, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%207%2DPersonal%20Health%20Practices%20and%20Coping%20Skills

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Genetic endowment provides an inherited predisposition to a wide range of individual responses that affect health status. Although socio-economic and environmental factors are important determinants of overall health, in some circumstances genetic endowment appears to predispose certain individuals to particular diseases or health problems.  1, record 23, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%209%2DBiology%20and%20Genetic%20Endowment

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Support from families, friends and communities is associated with better health. Such social support networks could be very important in helping people solve problems and deal with adversity, as well as in maintaining a sense of mastery and control over life circumstances. The caring and respect that occurs in social relationships, and the resulting sense of satisfaction and well being, seem to act as a buffer against health problems.  1, record 24, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%202%2DSocial%20support%20network

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The physical environment is an important determinant of health. At certain levels of exposure, contaminants in our air, water, food and soil can cause a variety of adverse health effects, including cancer, birth defects, respiratory illness and gastrointestinal ailments. In the built environment, factors related to housing, indoor air quality, and the design of communities and transportation systems can significantly influence our physical and psychological well being.  1, record 25, English, - Determinant%20of%20Health%206%2DPhysical%20Environments

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Document developed for the Canada-U.S.A. Women’s Health Forum, August 8-10, 1996.  1, record 26, English, - Gender%20as%20a%20Determinant%20of%20Health%2DA%20Canadian%20Perspective

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Document rédigé en vue du Forum du Canada et des États-Unis sur la santé des femmes, 8 au 10 août 1996.  1, record 26, French, - Le%20sexe%20comme%20d%C3%A9terminant%20de%20la%20sant%C3%A9%20%2D%20Une%20perspective%20canadienne

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Health Canada, Health Policy Paper Series, issued by Research Management and Dissemination, Applied Research and Analysis Directorate, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 27, English, - Social%20Capital%20as%20a%20Health%20Determinant%2DHow%20is%20it%20measured%3F

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Santé Canada, Série de documents de travail pour la recherche sur les politiques de santé, publié par la Division de la gestion et de la diffusion de la recherche, Direction de la recherche appliquée et de l'analyse, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 27, French, - Le%20capital%20social%20comme%20d%C3%A9terminant%20de%20la%20sant%C3%A9%20%2D%20comment%20le%20mesurer%3F

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Health Canada, Information, Analysis and Connectivity Branch, Health Policy Working Paper Series, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 28, English, - Social%20Capital%20as%20a%20Health%20Determinant%2DHow%20is%20it%20Defined%3F

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Santé Canada, Direction générale de l'information, de l'analyse et de la connectivité, Série de documents de travail, Ottawa, 2003.  1, record 28, French, - Le%20capital%20social%20comme%20d%C3%A9terminant%20de%20la%20sant%C3%A9%20%3A%20comment%20le%20d%C3%A9finir%3F

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Vackier M.-C and Rutledge D.N. - "Hydratation state of gelatine studied by time domain NMR." [in:] Food Chemistry, 1996; 57, 287-293.  2, record 29, English, - hydratation%20state

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Dr. Dieter Haüssinger et. al. "Cellular hydratation State : an important determinant of protein catabolism in health and disease. "Freiburg, University of Medicine.  3, record 29, English, - hydratation%20state

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Caractérisation de l'état d'hydratation de la gélatine par analyse chimiométrique des signaux RMN-Domaine Temps.  2, record 29, French, - %C3%A9tat%20d%27hydratation

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Le taux de sodium dans le plasma reflète l'état d'hydratation des cellules du corps [...]  3, record 29, French, - %C3%A9tat%20d%27hydratation

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The manufacturing and processing(M&P) sector accounts for almost one-fifth of Canada's GDP and employment. Its economic health is an important determinant of Canada's prosperity.  2, record 30, English, - manufacturing%20and%20processing%20sector

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish