TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One of the most common uses of thermal drones is as firefighting tools. Heat mapping from the air allows firefighters to get ahead of risk factors. When working inside structures, it's possible to map out potential points of failure, while in wildfire scenarios, drones can help crews intercept fires’ progress in the open.  1, record 1, English, - thermal%20imaging%20drone

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les incendies ne sont pas les seuls types de catastrophes où les drones thermiques peuvent aider les équipes de secours. À la suite de catastrophes telles que des inondations, des glissements de terrain, des tremblements de terre, des tornades et des ouragans, les drones thermiques peuvent aider les équipes à retrouver les humains disparus, même la nuit.  1, record 1, French, - drone%20%C3%A0%20vision%20thermique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ocean energy is derived from technologies that utilize seawater as their motive power or harness its chemical or heat potential. The renewable energy(RE) resource in the ocean comes from six distinct sources, each with different origins and requiring different technologies for conversion : waves; tidal range; tidal currents; ocean currents; ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC) ;and salinity gradients.  4, record 2, English, - ocean%20energy

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les énergies océaniques sont les ressources d'énergie renouvelable qui se trouvent dans les océans. Elles regroupent l'énergie thermique des mers (ETM), l'énergie marémotrice, l'énergie des courants marins, l'énergie des vagues et l'énergie des gradients de salinité.  3, record 2, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20oc%C3%A9anique

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The total potential heat release if a building and its contents burned.  3, record 3, English, - fire%20load

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The nature and potential magnitude of fire in a building are directly related to the amount and physical arrangement of combustibles present ... Because of this, all codes classify buildings by occupancy and construction, because these features are related to the amount of combustibles. The total amount of combustibles is called the "fire load" of the building.  4, record 3, English, - fire%20load

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fire load: designation standardized by ISO.  5, record 3, English, - fire%20load

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fire load; fire loading: designations officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  6, record 3, English, - fire%20load

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Chaleur potentielle totale dégagée si un bâtiment et son contenu brûlent.  4, record 3, French, - charge%20combustible

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

charge calorifique : désignation normalisée par l'ISO.  5, record 3, French, - charge%20combustible

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 OBS

charge d'incendie : désignation uniformisée par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  6, record 3, French, - charge%20combustible

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cantidad de calor por unidad de superficie que se emite en la combustión completa de todos los materiales y productos que se encuentran en un recinto.  1, record 3, Spanish, - carga%20de%20fuego

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Esta magnitud depende de la cantidad, naturaleza y poder calorífico de dichos materiales y productos.  1, record 3, Spanish, - carga%20de%20fuego

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chemists typically activate chemical reactions through the application of heat(thermochemistry), light(photochemistry), or electric potential(electrochemistry). An alternative approach, called mechanochemistry, involves activating reactions through the application of mechanical stresses. In this approach specific atoms in a molecule are subjected to external stresses. These stresses deform the molecular geometry in a manner that alters the relative energies of reactants and transition states, thus altering reaction barriers.  3, record 4, English, - mechanochemistry

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les chercheurs s'intéressent aux influences que peut avoir le traitement mécanique sur la réactivité des solides : ainsi une véritable branche scientifique appelée «mécanochimie» est née. La mécanochimie s'intéresse à des disciplines très variées, comme la corrosion des pièces des machines dans les solutions : la dissolution des matériaux constituant ces pièces est grandement accélérée par l'action de friction de la surface du matériau.  1, record 4, French, - m%C3%A9canochimie

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La mecanoquímica es una alternativa energéticamente eficiente que evita el uso de grandes cantidades de disolventes y usa un proceso de molienda de alta frecuencia, mediante diminutas bolas metálicas, para generar las reacciones. La molienda se consigue mediante los impactos intensos de bolitas de acero que son agitadas junto con los reactivos y los catalizadores en un recipiente que vibra con gran rapidez. Las transformaciones químicas se producen en los lugares en que colisionan las bolas, donde el impacto genera puntos localizados de presión y calor significativos durante un instante.  1, record 4, Spanish, - mecanoqu%C3%ADmica

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Calorific energy which could be released by the complete combustion of a unit mass of a material.  1, record 5, English, - heat%20of%20combustion

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

heat of combustion; calorific potential : terms and definition standardized by ISO [International Organization for Standardization].  2, record 5, English, - heat%20of%20combustion

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Énergie calorifique susceptible d'être dégagée par la combustion complète d'un matériau par unité de masse.  1, record 5, French, - chaleur%20de%20combustion

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

chaleur de combustion; potentiel calorifique : termes et définition normalisés par l'ISO [Organisation internationale de normalisation].  2, record 5, French, - chaleur%20de%20combustion

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Energía calorífica que se podría liberar por la combustión completa dividida por la masa de un material.  1, record 5, Spanish, - calor%20de%20combusti%C3%B3n

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The actual heat produced by combustion divided by total heat potential of the fuel consumed.  2, record 6, English, - combustion%20efficiency

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

La chaleur réelle produite par la combustion divisée par le potentiel thermique du combustible brûlé.  2, record 6, French, - rendement%20de%20combustion

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mechanical refrigerating system used for air cooling in the summer, and which, when the evaporator and condenser effects are reversed, absorbs heat from the outside air, water or ground in winter and raises it to a higher potential so that it also can be used for winter heating.  2, record 7, English, - heat%20pump

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

heat pump: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 7, English, - heat%20pump

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dispositif prélevant de l'énergie thermique dans un milieu extérieur pour la transporter au moyen de l'air ou de l'eau vers l'espace à chauffer.  8, record 7, French, - thermopompe

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pompe thermique : terme adopté par l'Association canadienne pour le développement du cuivre et du laiton (CCBDA).  9, record 7, French, - thermopompe

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

thermopompe; pompe à chaleur : termes uniformisés par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  10, record 7, French, - thermopompe

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Instrumento que suministra aire frío o caliente, produciendo un gradiente de temperaturas entre el espacio que hay que calentar o enfriar y el espacio adyacente.  2, record 7, Spanish, - bomba%20de%20calor

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A potential source of heat energy within the Earth's crust : rocks at depths less than 10 km and at temperatures above 150°C.  1, record 9, English, - hot%20dry%20rock

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] massif granitique où la température ambiante est d'environ 170 °C.  1, record 9, French, - roche%20chaude%20s%C3%A8che

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'utilisation des roches chaudes sèches, ou procédé RCS, est une source d'énergie calorifique.  4, record 9, French, - roche%20chaude%20s%C3%A8che

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Energy varies in its quality or ability to do useful work. For useful work to occur energy must move or flow from a level of high-quality(more concentrated) energy to a level of lower-quality(less concentrated) energy. The chemical potential energy concentrated in a lump or coal or a tank of gasoline and the concentrated heat energy at a high temperature are forms of high-quality energy.  1, record 14, English, - high%2Dquality%20energy

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Parmi les diverses formes de l'énergie, la chaleur correspond à des mouvements désordonnés des molécules. Au contraire, les autres formes d'énergie, que l'on peut qualifier de «nobles», sont ordonnées à l'échelle microscopique. Elles ont donc tendance à se changer en chaleur. Ce phénomène est appelé la dissipation, et l'on dit que la chaleur est une forme dégradée de l'énergie. Il est facile de produire de la chaleur à partir d'une quantité équivalente d'énergie noble, par exemple dans des fours et chaudières, électriques ou à combustion, ou des capteurs solaires pour chauffe-eau.  2, record 14, French, - %C3%A9nergie%20noble

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Leaks... fall into two basic types : internal leakage [such] as a thin oil film is built into the working parts of a hydraulic system. This lubricates the mating surfaces of valve spools, cylinder pistons, and other moving parts. Oil is not lost through this normal internal leakage since it eventually returns to the system reservoir. However, too much internal leakage will slow the operation of the system and waste power through the generation of heat. In some cases, it may cause cylinders to creep or drift. Or it may cause loss of oil control in the valves.... External oil leaks not only look bad-they can be expensive and hazardous.... A small leak can also be the signal for a hydraulic rupture that may injure a person while putting the machine out of operation.... Every joint in a hydraulic circuit is a potential point of leakage. This is why the number of connections in a system is kept at a minimum. Components can leak, but care in assembly and use of new seals and gaskets during overhaul will help to reduce this problem.  2, record 15, English, - leak

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Fluid, zero leakage.  3, record 15, English, - leak

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Oil leak.  3, record 15, English, - leak

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 3 PHR

External, fluid, hydraulic, internal leakage.  3, record 15, English, - leak

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 4 PHR

Permanent leak.  3, record 15, English, - leak

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les fuites [...] peuvent être classées en deux groupes fondamentaux. Les fuites internes [...] telles que les minces films d'huile se créent dans les pièces en mouvement d'un système hydraulique, ceux-ci lubrifiant les surfaces d'usure des tiroirs de distributeurs, les pistons de vérins et toutes les autres pièces en mouvement. Ces fuites internes, normales, n'entraînent pas de pertes d'huile, celle-ci peut éventuellement retourner au réservoir du système. Toutefois, des fuites internes trop importantes ralentissent le fonctionnement du système et l'échauffement entraîne une perte de puissance. Dans certains cas, les vérins peuvent glisser ou flotter ou il peut y avoir diminution de l'action de l'huile dans les distributeurs. [...] Non seulement les fuites externes ne sont pas esthétiques, mais elles sont aussi onéreuses et présentent des risques. [...] Chaque joint d'un circuit hydraulique est un point de fuite en puissance. C'est pourquoi il y a le moins de raccords possible dans un système. Certains composants peuvent fuire, mais le soin apporté à leur assemblage et l'utilisation de joints neufs peuvent aider à diminuer l'importance de ce problème.  2, record 15, French, - fuite

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Fuite de fluide, de liquide, d'huile.  3, record 15, French, - fuite

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 2 PHR

Fuite externe, hydraulique, interne, permanente.  3, record 15, French, - fuite

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The NODLR system consists of an infrared Thermal Observation Device (TOD), a Laser Range Finder (LRF), and a goniometer.  3, record 17, English, - long%2Drange%20night%20observation%20device

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The night observation device, long-range(NODLR) allows infrared thermal viewing of night or daylight targets during all weather conditions. Infrared thermal technology allows the viewer to "see" heat sources, greatly improving observation in certain conditions such as fog and darkness. The NODLR can determine data on potential targets such as range, azimuth, and elevation. It may be mounted on a tripod and operated with a battery pack, or mounted on a vehicle(for static operation only).  3, record 17, English, - long%2Drange%20night%20observation%20device

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La technologie thermique par infrarouge du NODLR permet aux soldats de «voir» des sources de chaleur telles que des soldats et véhicules ennemis. Elle augmente grandement l'observation par mauvais temps et sous l'obscurité. Le NODLR est également équipé d'un télémètre laser.  1, record 17, French, - %C3%A9piscope%20d%27observation%20nocturne%20longue%20port%C3%A9e

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The trapped vortex combustion(TVC) concept is a revolutionary technology with potential payoffs in almost every category of gas turbine combustor performance including heat release rate, operability, weight, and even cost. High-pressure testing results of a prototype TVC sector indicate it can help meet increased performance requirements while reducing overall emissions. TVC may also be used as a rich-burn, quick-quench, lean-burn method to reduce nitric oxide in ground power gas turbine engines that operate on low-cost fuels containing fuel-bound nitrogen.  3, record 18, English, - rich%2Dburn%2C%20quick%2Dquench%2C%20lean%2Dburn

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is the potential to breed the brood mare only ten days after she delivers a foal. This period of sexual receptivity is called foal heat because it is the first heat period after foaling.  2, record 19, English, - foal%20heat

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

About two weeks after giving birth, if covered [bred], the mares will often conceive.  3, record 19, English, - foal%20heat

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A technology that uses high-intensity sound waves in a pressurised gas to pump heat from one place to another.  2, record 20, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermoacoustic refrigeration is a novel refrigeration process utilizing acoustic energy to produce heat pumping. The process uses standing acoustic waves in an enclosed cavity to generate the mechanical compression and expansion of a working fluid(gas in this case) needed for the cooling cycle. The technique has the potential for high efficiency operation without the need for cooling liquids or mechanical moving parts.  3, record 20, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Part of the information contained in the English module of this record was provided by students of the Introduction to Terminology and Terminography class, section A, U. of Ottawa, Fall 2004.  4, record 20, English, - thermoacoustic%20refrigeration

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Technologie de réfrigération écologique alternative qui refroidit au rythme d'ondes sonores.  2, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Frigo écologique. Steve Garrett, un physicien américain [...], [a mis] au point un réfrigérateur thermoacoustique, dans lequel la chaleur est pompée par l'action d'ondes sonores de forte intensité sur un gaz. Découvert au début des années 80, cet effet de réfrigération thermoacoustique a permis à Garrett [...] de construire un premier prototype [...]. L'avantage de ces frigos d'un nouveau type : ils ne font pas appel aux gaz CFC, considérés comme nuisibles pour la couche d'ozone.  1, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Certains renseignements inclus dans le module français de cette fiche ont été fournis par les étudiants du cours d'Initiation à la terminologie et à la terminographie, section A, U. d'Ottawa, automne 2004.  3, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9ration%20thermoacoustique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Las máquinas termoacústicas son dispositivos que transforman energía térmica (calor) en potencia acústica (sonido) y viceversa. Existen en el mundo dos ramas principales de estudio en esta disciplina, refrigeración termoacústica y máquinas termoacústicas de presión. Las primeras, como su nombre lo dice, se utilizan como dispositivos de refrigeración con excelentes resultados comerciales, las segundas pretenden sustituir a algunas máquinas de combustión interna.  1, record 20, Spanish, - refrigeraci%C3%B3n%20termoac%C3%BAstica

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The inevitable slow decline in the heat potential of a wisely exploited field can usually be concealed for many years(as at Larderello) by sinking new bores or deepening existing ones so as to tap new zones of the aquifer and thus maintain a fairly constant output from the field.  2, record 21, English, - heat%20potential

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Decline in the heat potential.  2, record 21, English, - heat%20potential

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le projet consiste en un travail d'évaluation préliminaire des potentialités existant sur le territoire du canton de Vaud dans trois domaines d'utilisation du potentiel calorifique de la terre, à savoir les géostructures énergétiques (pieux, parois moulées, etc.), les aquifères profonds, ainsi que la géothermie haute énergie.  2, record 21, French, - potentiel%20calorifique

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 2 CONT

La baisse lente, inévitable, du potentiel calorifique d'un champ exploité prudemment peut être masquée pendant de nombreuses années (comme à Larderello) en fonçant de nouveaux forages ou en approfondissant ceux existants pour exploiter de nouvelles zones de l'aquifère et maintenir ainsi la production du champ assez constante.  3, record 21, French, - potentiel%20calorifique

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Baisse, utilisation du potentiel calorifique.  3, record 21, French, - potentiel%20calorifique

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The surface layer is the shallow fraction of the PBL [planetary boundary layer] near the surface where the fluxes are approximately equal to the surface values. The surface layer is therefore often called the constant flux layer.... The relevant parameters in the surface layer for the wind profiles are the momentum flux, the buoyancy flux and height above the surface... The height above the surface is the length scale for turbulence because the size of the transporting eddies is confined by their distance from the surface. If the potential temperature and specific humidity are considered, we also need the kinematic fluxes of heat and moisture...  1, record 22, English, - kinematic%20heat%20flux

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Thermodynamic diagram whose Cartesian coordinates are potential temperature and p^x(p is the pressure and x is equal to R/C_p=0. 2857, where R is the gas constant for air and C_p, the specific heat of air at constant pressure).  1, record 23, English, - Werenskiold%20diagram

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diagramme thermodynamique ayant pour coordonnées cartésiennes la température potentielle et p^x (p est la pression et x égale R/C_p = 0,2857, où R est la constante des gaz pour l'air et C_p, la chaleur massique de l'air à pression constante).  1, record 23, French, - diagramme%20de%20Werenskiold

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Diagrama termodinámico cuyas coordenadas cartesianas son la temperatura potencial y p^x (p = presión; x = R/C_p = 0,2857, donde R es la constante de los gases para el aire y C_p, el calor específico del aire a presión constante).  1, record 23, Spanish, - diagrama%20de%20Werenskiold

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Solar Orbital Transfer Vehicle(SOTV) GA is a major subcontractor to Boeing on the SOTV, a space vehicle that can efficiently transport space payloads from Low Earth Orbits(LEO) to Geosynchronous Orbits(GEO) while providing kilowatts of electrical power. A solar concentrator heats a graphite receiver up to temperatures of 2400 K. Heat from the graphite receiver is used to heat thermionic converters, which produce efficient, reliable electrical power. Alternately, hydrogen can be passed through passages within the graphite receiver, expanded out a nozzle and used to produce highly efficient propulsion. The SOTV has the potential to double the delivered payload mass to GEO.  2, record 24, English, - solar%20orbital%20transfer%20vehicle

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce véhicule de transfert orbital solaire sera construit par la Société Boeing. Il utilise un grand réflecteur qui focalise les rayons du Soleil sur un bloc de graphite. Chauffé à 2 100 degrés, ce dernier vaporise de l'hydrogène liquide stocké à bord, ce qui engendre une poussée. Le véhicule transfère en quelques semaines des charges utiles des orbites terrestres basses vers des orbites plus hautes. Ce véhicule solaire léger peut mettre des satellites en orbite à l'aide de fusées plus petites que les lanceurs classiques.  1, record 24, French, - v%C3%A9hicule%20de%20transfert%20orbital%20solaire

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Compared to existing coal power plants, clean coal technology(CCT) plants have the potential to both increase the competitiveness and environmental acceptance of coal, through increased overall thermal efficiency and reduced emissions of GHG [greenhouse gas] and other air pollutants. Given the importance of coal-based energy to the global economy and the need to reduce emissions, nations throughout the world are accelerating the development of a host of CCTs including new chemical processes that extract energy from coal in the form of electricity, heat and synthesis gas(H₂ and CO) with near zero pollutant emissions.  2, record 25, English, - clean%20coal%20technology

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Clean coal technologies available in the world markets which may improve efficiency in operation and mitigate environmental degradation should be sought.  3, record 25, English, - clean%20coal%20technology

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 3 CONT

The new 524-megawatt power plant in Hindman, Kentucky, will use so-called clean coal technology, which generates significantly more pollution than natural gas-fired power plants and renewable energy sources, such as wind, biomass, solar and geothermal energy. The plant, which is expected to be in operation by 2004, will emit annually more than 1,000 pounds of mercury, a potent neurotoxin. By comparison, natural gas-fired plants and renewable energy sources emit no mercury. "The term ’clean coal’ is like saying ’safe cigarettes,’" said Hawkins. "There is no such thing."  4, record 25, English, - clean%20coal%20technology

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Compare with "clean coal burning technology."  5, record 25, English, - clean%20coal%20technology

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Technologie faisant appel à des] techniques moins polluantes d'utilisation du charbon; [à des] techniques de charbon épuré.  3, record 25, French, - technologie%20du%20charbon%20%C3%A9pur%C3%A9

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Si on la compare aux centrales électriques actuelles qui sont alimentées au charbon, la technologie liée au charbon sans émissions (TCE) offre la possibilité d'accroître la compétitivité et l'acceptation sur le plan environnemental de la consommation houillère. Ces deux derniers éléments sont favorisés par une plus grande efficacité thermique globale, ainsi que par la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre et des autres polluants atmosphériques. Compte tenu de l'importance de la production énergétique à base de charbon pour l'économie mondiale et de la nécessité de réduire les émissions, un grand nombre de pays travaille actuellement à accélérer le développement de la TCE en plusieurs éléments, notamment de nouveaux procédés chimiques permettant d'extraire de l'énergie du charbon qui adopte la forme d'électricité, de chaleur et de gaz de synthèse (H₂ et CO) avec à peu près pas d'émissions polluantes.  2, record 25, French, - technologie%20du%20charbon%20%C3%A9pur%C3%A9

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Il y aura de nouvelles percées dans la technologie du charbon épuré. Un nouveau projet d'utilisation du charbon épuré sera en marche et bien en selle en l'an 2007. Tout ce qui sort des cheminées sera capté et réutilisé. Ce sont là des technologies auxquelles le gouvernement devrait s'intéresser.  4, record 25, French, - technologie%20du%20charbon%20%C3%A9pur%C3%A9

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Le Parlement européen [...] fait observer que la technologie du charbon épuré offre des possibilités considérables de gains d'efficacité énergétique, de réduction des émissions polluantes et de création d'un marché mondial de nouveaux équipements et systèmes; invite les industriels du secteur et les acteurs du sixième programme-cadre de recherche à mener à bien une démonstration du fonctionnement de systèmes de production d'énergie au moyen du charbon épuré; [...]  5, record 25, French, - technologie%20du%20charbon%20%C3%A9pur%C3%A9

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Pourrait se rapporter à une technologie de combustion écologique du charbon [en anglais : «clean coal burning technology»] (voir aussi cette autre fiche).  6, record 25, French, - technologie%20du%20charbon%20%C3%A9pur%C3%A9

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 OBS

of greenhouse gases.  1, record 26, English, - heat%20trapping%20potential

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Removal of suspended particulate material from a solution. It may be a necessary part of either pre-or post-fermentation processing of feed solutions or product streams : for example, where byproducts of food processing, such as molasses, are used as feed... Removal of particulate material may be necessary to reduce the solids load passing through the system, in order to reduce fouling of heat exchangers in particular, to increase the purity of the final product, to remove potential inhibitory materials or to recover a desired product.  2, record 27, English, - clarification

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The methods of clarification include gravity sedimentation, centrifugal sedimentation, filtration, and magnetic separation. Clarification differs from other applications of these mechanical separation techniques by the low solid content of the suspension to be clarified (usually less than 0.2%) and the substantial completion of the particle removal.  3, record 27, English, - clarification

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération consistant à rendre limpide un liquide qui contient des particules en suspension. (Pour ce faire, on utilise la filtration, la fermentation, la chaleur, des résines échangeuses d'ions, des matières englobantes ou adsorbantes.)  2, record 27, French, - clarification

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relationships between heat and other forms of energy, especially potential and kinetic energy, involved in atmospheric processes; the phase transformations of water are of special importance.  1, record 28, English, - atmospheric%20thermodynamics

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Relations entre la chaleur et les autres formes d'énergie, spécialement l'énergie potentielle et cinétique, intervenant dans les processus atmosphériques; les transformations de phase de l'eau sont des plus importantes.  1, record 28, French, - thermodynamique%20atmosph%C3%A9rique

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Conjunto de relaciones entre el calor y otras formas de energía, especialmente entre la energía potencial y la energía cinética, implicadas en los procesos atmosféricos. Las transformaciones de fase del agua son de singular importancia a este respecto.  1, record 28, Spanish, - termodin%C3%A1mica%20de%20la%20atm%C3%B3sfera

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Resistance to Temperature. ASTM Recommended Practice D 794 describes high-temperature testing for plastics. Only the procedure for heat exposure is specified, the test method being governed by the potential end use. Heat is applied using an oven with controlled air flow and with substantial fresh air intake. Two types of tests are described : continuous heat and cyclic heat. In the former, heat is gradually increased until failure occurs. Failure is defined as a change in appearance, weight, dimension, or other property that alters the material to a degree that it is no longer serviceable for the purpose in question. The test may take minutes to weeks, depending on the rate of temperature increase. The cyclic heat test repeatedly applied heat of a constant value until failure.  1, record 30, English, - continuous%20heat%20test

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les méthodes d'essai d'endurance thermique sont destinées à déterminer les changements survenus dans les propriétés des matériaux par suite d'une longue exposition à une température élevée.  2, record 30, French, - essai%20d%27endurance%20thermique%20continu

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Températures et durées d'exposition. Les éprouvettes doivent être soumises à un minimum de trois températures réparties sur une gamme suffisamment étendue pour permettre l'établissement de la relation entre la température et la durée jusqu'à détérioration et pour déterminer le profil d'endurance thermique ou l'indice de température. [On distingue le] vieillissement par cycles [et le] vieillissement continu.  2, record 30, French, - essai%20d%27endurance%20thermique%20continu

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Resistance to Temperature. ASTM Recommended Practice D 794 describes high-temperature testing for plastics. Only the procedure for heat exposure is specified, the test method being governed by the potential end use. Heat is applied using an oven with controlled air flow and with substantial fresh air intake. Two types of tests are described : continuous heat and cyclic heat. In the former, heat is gradually increased until failure occurs. Failure is defined as a change in appearance, weight, dimension, or other property that alters the material to a degree that it is no longer serviceable for the purpose in question. The test may take minutes to weeks, depending on the rate of temperature increase. The cyclic heat test repeatedly applies heat of a constant value until failure.  1, record 31, English, - cyclic%20heat%20test

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les méthodes d'essai d'endurance thermique sont destinées à déterminer les changements survenus dans les propriétés des matériaux par suite d'une longue exposition à une température élevée.  2, record 31, French, - essai%20d%27endurance%20thermique%20cyclique

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Températures et durées d'exposition. Les éprouvettes doivent être soumises à un minimum de trois températures réparties sur une gamme suffisamment étendue pour permettre l'établissement de la relation entre la température et la durée jusqu'à détérioration et pour déterminer le profil d'endurance thermique ou l'indice de température. [On distingue le] vieillissement par cycles [et le] vieillissement continu.  2, record 31, French, - essai%20d%27endurance%20thermique%20cyclique

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Essai cyclique. Essai composite dans lequel les mêmes expositions se répètent de façon cyclique [...]  2, record 31, French, - essai%20d%27endurance%20thermique%20cyclique

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Geothermal energy. Heat from the interior of the earth. It has high potential for electric power production, residential space heating, desalinization, refrigeration, and air conditioning.  2, record 32, English, - geothermal%20potential

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Stored heat. The total heat potential of the earth is not easily assessed. In the first place we do not know how much of the internally stored heat could safely be extracted without risking cataclysmal consequences of a seismic or climatic nature.  1, record 33, English, - internally%20stored%20heat

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

thermochemical solar energy converters.  1, record 34, English, - thermochemical%20solar

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The term "thermochemical solar" was found in the index but not on the page indicated. Reference is made to "heat engines that are potential candidates for coupling to a solar heat source [including] thermoelectric, thermionics, thermochemical, magnetohydrodynamic, Rankine, Brayton(simple or recuperated), and cascaded cycles. "  2, record 34, English, - thermochemical%20solar

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il faut mentionner [...] le vaste domaine de la thermochimie solaire. Les calories obtenues au récepteur d'une centrale solaire, au lieu d'être utilisées dans un cycle thermodynamique, peuvent l'être pour produire une réaction chimique endothermique. Cette idée peut déboucher sur trois types de «centrale thermohéliochimique», qui se distinguent par leur mode de fonctionnement.  3, record 34, French, - thermo%2Dh%C3%A9liochimique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Methodology For Detection of Heat Loss From Buildings Through Aerial Thermography... Airborne thermal sensing procedures are developed in this paper. Potential problems are presented as well as ideal environment conditions for aerial surveys. Interpretation of the thermograms is also discussed. The Daedalus scanning system is used.  1, record 35, English, - airborne%20thermal%20sensing

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 36,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Methodology For Detection of Heat Loss From Buildings Through Aerial Thermography... Airborne thermal sensing procedures are developed in this paper. Potential problems are presented as well as ideal environment conditions for aerial surveys. Interpretation of the thermograms is also discussed. The Daedalus scanning system is used.  1, record 36, English, - thermal%20sensing

Record 36,  Textual support,  French

Record 36,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 37,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another example is the East Hamilton solid waste reduction unit(SWARU), a large scale heat producing facility which also has the potential for cogeneration.  1, record 37, English, - heat%20producing%20facility

Record 37,  Textual support,  French

Record 37,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 38,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In Ontario, the "Watts from Waste" programme sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Environment was established to separate combustible from non-combustible waste items for incineration in an electricity or steam-producing facility. In Metropolitan Toronto, this process permitted hybrid coal/MSW fuelling in one of the coal-fired boilers at Lakeview Generating Station. Another example is the East Hamilton solid waste reduction unit(SWARU), a large scale heat producing facility which also has the potential for cogeneration.  1, record 38, English, - solid%20waste%20reduction%20unit

Record 38,  Textual support,  French

Record 38,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 39,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Airtight construction. Any house has a large number of potential air leakage points... These leakage points let cold outside air in, and warm inside air out. As a result, in a conventional house, it is not uncommon for the heated indoor air to be completely changed every half hour. A major potential problem associated with this air change [is] condensation in the building's structure... There is in addition, a second problem : such air change typically accounts for 25-30 per cent of the total house heat loss... The use of an air-vapour barrier is an attempt to prevent these problems by stopping virtually all air leakage.  1, record 39, English, - airtight%20construction

Record 39,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Une construction étanche à l'air a-t-elle besoin de ventilation? Dans les maisons construites de façon traditionnelle, le renouvellement de l'air intérieur est amplement assuré par les fuites et les infiltrations d'air fortuites à travers l'enveloppe du bâtiment. Dans une maison étanche à l'air, l'air frais nécessaire au maintien d'une atmosphère intérieure agréable est fourni par une ventilation mécanique contrôlée.  1, record 39, French, - construction%20%C3%A9tanche%20%C3%A0%20l%27air

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'étanchéité à l'air de la construction (...) est le fait, pour la maison, d'être étanche, c'est-à-dire de conserver l'air chaud à l'intérieur et d'empêcher l'air froid extérieur d'y pénétrer. Cette caractéristique est généralement obtenue par la mise en place d'un pare-vapeur étanche à l'air (...).  1, record 39, French, - construction%20%C3%A9tanche%20%C3%A0%20l%27air

Record 39,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 40,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Designers of heat exchangers are constantly striving to develop more effective surface configurations. A wavy shape, for instance, was found to be more effective than straight fins. In this way, compact heat exchangers have been created.  2, record 40, English, - compact%20heat%20exchanger

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Compact heat exchangers offer a potential cost savings by eliminating the need for a pressure shell and by requiring a smaller volume of material.  3, record 40, English, - compact%20heat%20exchanger

Record 40,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les échangeurs compacts sont de 4 types: échangeurs à plaques, échangeurs à lamelles, échangeurs spirale, et échangeurs à tubes rapprochés. Tous sont commercialisés. Ce sont des appareils à utiliser surtout en service propre. Ces échangeurs ont généralement de très bonnes performances de transfert.  2, record 40, French, - %C3%A9changeur%20compact

Record 40,  Textual support,  Spanish