TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An extended surface to increase the heat transfer area, as metal sheets attached to tubes.  2, record 1, English, - fin

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

fin: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 1, English, - fin

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Saillie destinée à augmenter la surface de transmission de chaleur entre une paroi, comme celle d'un tuyau servant au chauffage ou au refroidissement, et le fluide qui le baigne de ce côté.  2, record 1, French, - ailette

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS

ailette : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  3, record 1, French, - ailette

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Indeed, if one looks at the catalytic propensity (or "catalycity") of each residue (the proportion of catalytic residues/proportion of all residues for each residue type, cysteine has the second highest catalycity behind histidine.  2, record 2, English, - catalycity

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Applications include planetary entry/ascent vehicles where the hot shock layer gases thermally excite and dissociate and the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle(particularly control surfaces) can be different from the perfect gas case. Heat transfer at the vehicle surfaces depends on surface chemical behaviour such as catalycity and ablation, and these effects are catered for in the developed methods.  3, record 2, English, - catalycity

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Étude de catalycité des tuiles de protection thermique pour les engins de rentrée atmosphérique.  2, record 2, French, - catalycit%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Au cours de la rentrée atmosphérique d'un corps, celui-ci est soumis à un écoulement hypersonique (M>5). Dans ces conditions, l'énergie dissipée par l'onde de choc est telle que la couche de choc est le siège de réactions chimiques qui dépendent des niveaux de température et de pression. L'énergie est alors essentiellement stockée sous forme chimique, et la composition de l'atmosphère peut fortement influencer la quantité d'énergie libérée par les réactions de recombinaison et retransmise à la paroi. Les caractéristiques «catalytiques» de la paroi vis à vis de ces réactions jouent donc un rôle fondamental sur la quantité d'énergie cédée à la paroi. L'objectif est donc d'analyser et de quantifier ces phénomènes, en particulier pour qualifier par rapport aux conditions spatiales les moyens d'essai «sol» des matériaux de réentrée atmosphérique (composites non ablatifs), ces moyens étant des torches à plasma inductif ou à arc mis en œuvre à EADS-LV Saint Médard.  3, record 2, French, - catalycit%C3%A9

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The increase of coolant flow velocity and subcooling enhanced heat transfer coefficient at cladding surface during film boiling, which resulted in large decrease of maximum cladding temperature and film boiling duration, and consequently in the increase of fuel failure threshold energy.  1, record 3, English, - maximum%20cladding%20temperature

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le refroidissement est conditionné par une autre butée technologique relative au combustible [du réacteur] : la température maximale de gaine, qui conditionne le taux de combustion maximal que le combustible pourra supporter; dans la technologie actuelle (gaines en acier austénitique du type 316), la température de gaine nominale est limitée à des valeurs comprises entre 620 et 650 °C.  1, record 3, French, - temp%C3%A9rature%20maximale%20de%20gaine

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The freezing system uses a highly effective heat transfer technology for rapid crust-freezing of raw protein-laden products. A low temperature plate filled with recirculating refrigerant begins the freezing process immediately to set the product's shape. With a firm bottom surface, the product has enough integrity to be transferred to a spiral or tunnel freezer where it can be deep frozen to 0°F. Including investment and consumable costs, mechanical freezing can be as low as one-tenth the cost of comparable cryogenic crust-freezing systems.  2, record 4, English, - crust%20freezing

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The "CASCADE" superCONTACT freezing tunnel (mechanical refrigeration) uses two thin conveyors (throw-away polyethylene film) enabling the individual Quick Freezing of food products, especially if they are wet, fatty or sticky and without any risk of the products sticking together. This new process enables ultra fast freezing in two stages: product surface crust freezing on film conveyors level N° 1, followed by deep core freezing on the lower level film conveyors. These film conveyors slide over refrigerated contact plates constructed for the recirculation of a mechanically refrigerated low temperature refrigerant.  3, record 4, English, - crust%20freezing

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Congélation ultra rapide de la couche superficielle d'un produit, la volaille par exemple, le processus étant complété par la suite selon un procédé traditionnel.  2, record 4, French, - cong%C3%A9lation%20superficielle

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A surface regarded as the common boundary between air and water.  3, record 5, English, - air%2Dwater%20interface

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The interface between air and water exists not only as the boundary between two bulk phases (air/sea), but also as the boundary between dispersed and bulk phases (atmospheric droplet/air). Hence, the study of the thermodynamic properties of compounds at the air-water interface is of special relevance in atmospheric chemistry.  4, record 5, English, - air%2Dwater%20interface

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Transfer of heat, mass, and momentum across the air-water interface is a result of many physical, chemical, and biological factors that occur at the water surface.  5, record 5, English, - air%2Dwater%20interface

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Surface de séparation entre l'air et l'eau.  3, record 5, French, - interface%20air%2Deau

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le domaine planctonique mal délimité vers le bas où il s'imbrique avec le domaine benthique, et latéralement avec le domaine littoral, s'arrête brusquement à l'interface eau-air.  2, record 5, French, - interface%20air%2Deau

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'atmosphère interagit avec l'océan de multiples manières; il influence son contenu biologique et ses caractéristiques physico-chimiques; il provoque directement ou indirectement ses mouvements. Les échanges gazeux à l'interface air-eau de mer concernent aussi bien l'oxygène, le dioxyde de carbone que l'azote.  4, record 5, French, - interface%20air%2Deau

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Fuel Element. MITR-II [Massachusetts Institute of Technology Reactor] fuel consists of fifteen fuel plates in a rhomboid-shaped element. Each fuel plate consists of fuel sandwiched between sides of aluminum cladding, which are finned to increase the heat transfer surface area in a reactor. The uranium fuel is in a uranium-aluminum matrix called cermet.  2, record 6, English, - fuel%20plate

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Combustible nucléaire, notamment de l'uranium, emprisonné entre des gaines d'aluminium, qui sert à alimenter les réacteurs.  4, record 6, French, - plaque%20de%20combustible

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Overall coefficient of heat transmission.  4, record 7, English, - U%2Dvalue

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

U-VALUE. The overall heat transfer coefficient or thermal conductance of a building wall, floor, ceiling, roof, or other element; of piping or tubing carrying heating or cooling fluids; or of heat transfer equipment. The U-value is normally applied to a cross-section of more than one material and considers the film conductance and air. The total heat transfer can be estimated as the product of U, surface area, temperature difference, and time.  2, record 7, English, - U%2Dvalue

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Flux de chaleur par heure et n₂ traversant 1 m d'épaisseur de matériau homogène pour 1 °C de différence de température entre ses deux faces.  3, record 7, French, - coefficient%20K

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Various theories and models have been advanced to account for the origin of geothermal heat and the mechanism of its upward transfer towards the surface of earth. The actual source of the heat is now almost universally believed to be radioactivity, mostly within the crustal rocks...  2, record 8, English, - geothermal%20heat

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A form of solar collector in which a flat surface is arranged to absorb radiant energy from sunlight.  1, record 9, English, - flat%2Dplate%20collector

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Heat is extracted from the surface by means of a thermal transfer medium, usually water or air.  1, record 9, English, - flat%2Dplate%20collector

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Capteur, constitué d'un ou de plusieurs panneaux plats, destiné à convertir le rayonnement solaire en énergie calorifique et à transmettre la chaleur ainsi produite à un fluide caloporteur.  2, record 9, French, - capteur%20plan

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A component of a steam-generating unit that absorbs heat from the products of combustion after they have passed through the steam-generating and superheating sections.  3, record 10, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Heat recovered from the gas is recycled to the furnace by the combustion air and is absorbed in the steam-generating unit, with a resultant gain in overall thermal efficiency ... Air heaters frequently are used in conjunction with economizers, because the temperature of the inlet air is less than that of the feedwater to the economizer ...  3, record 10, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Air heaters are usually classed as recuperative or regenerative types. Both types depend upon convection transfer of heat from the gas stream to a metal or other solid surface and upon convection transfer of heat from this surface to the air.  3, record 10, English, - air%20heater

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Regenerative-type, rotary regenerative, plate-type, tubular air heater.  3, record 10, English, - air%20heater

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] récupérateur de chaleur, utilisé concurremment avec l'économiseur pour pousser au maximum le refroidissement des fumées; il est placé après l'économiseur, sur le parcours de celles-ci, parce que la température de l'eau d'alimentation, à l'entrée de l'économiseur, est supérieure à celle de l'air frais.  2, record 10, French, - r%C3%A9chauffeur%20d%27air

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les centrales thermiques conventionnelles posent des problèmes d'épuration d'effluents liquides divers [...], tels que les éluats de régénération des échangeurs d'ions, les effluents alcalins de lavage des réchauffeurs d'air [...]  3, record 10, French, - r%C3%A9chauffeur%20d%27air

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A material, especially a coating material, designed to provide thermal protection to a body in a fluid stream through loss of mass.  1, record 11, English, - ablating%20material

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Ablating materials are used on the surfaces of some reentry vehicles to absorb heat by removal of mass, thus blocking the transfer of heat to the rest of the vehicle and maintaining temperatures within design limits. Ablating materials absorb heat by increasing in temperature and changing in chemical or physical state. The heat is carried away from the surface by a loss of mass(liquid or vapor). The departing mass also blocks part of the convective heat transfer to the remaining material in the same manner as transpiration cooling.  1, record 11, English, - ablating%20material

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Matériau spécial recouvrant un astronef et qui peut être sacrifié (entraîné, emporté, évaporé) au cours des opérations de rentrée dans l'atmosphère de la Terre. L'énergie cinétique se dissipe et prévient l'échauffement excessif de la structure principale de l'astronef.  1, record 11, French, - mat%C3%A9riau%20d%27ablation

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Two metal sheets are dimpled in corresponding locations and spotwelded together. The sheets are then welded along their perimeter. The resultant panel is filled with a supply pipe at one end and a return pipe at the other. Heat transfer liquid is then able to flow through the sandwich, soaking up heat absorbed by practically the entire surface of the collector.  1, record 12, English, - sandwich%2Dtype%20absorber

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Pluriel : des sandwichs; des sandwiches.  2, record 12, French, - insolateur%20dit%20sandwich

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sandwichs (pl.) : Cette graphie, puisée des Rectifications de l'orthographe recommandées par le Conseil supérieur de la langue française, est attestée dans le Petit Robert (2006).  3, record 12, French, - insolateur%20dit%20sandwich

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Boundary Layers. A consequence of any fluid-surface interaction(as is found in convective heat transfer) is the development of a region in the fluid through which the velocity varies from zero at the surface to a finite value... associated with the flow. This region is known as the hydrodynamic, or velocity boundary layer. If there is a difference in the surface and flow temperatures, there will also develop a region in the fluid through which the temperature varies... in the outer flow... This region, called the thermal boundary layer, may be smaller, larger or the same size as that through which the velocity varies.  2, record 13, English, - thermal%20boundary%20layer

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Couches limites et dynamiques. Quel que soit le régime d'écoulement, il demeure une sous-couche laminaire (couche limite dynamique) dont l'épaisseur est d'autant plus réduite que le nombre de Reynolds est grand. L'épaisseur de cette couche limite varie en fonction de nombreux paramètres : nature du fluide, température, rugosité de la paroi... L'analogie de Reynolds montre que le gradient thermique est particulièrement important au voisinage de la paroi, c'est à dire dans la sous-couche laminaire. Quel que soit le régime d'écoulement du fluide, on considère que la résistance thermique est entièrement située dans le film laminaire qui joue le rôle d'isolant thermique (couche limite thermique).  2, record 13, French, - couche%20limite%20thermique

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Convection forcée externe. Le modèle de la couche limite appliqué aux transferts thermiques et aux transferts de masse (différentes espèces). Couche limite mécanique, couche limite thermique, couche limite massique.  3, record 13, French, - couche%20limite%20thermique

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The term "Refractance Window" relates to the dryer's principle of operation. Water transmits infrared energy through conduction and evaporation but little radiation. If the water's surface is covered by a transparent medium such as plastic, evaporation and its associated heat loss is blocked and only conduction occurs. But when a moisture-laden material is placed on the plastic surface, a "window" for passage of infrared energy is created at the point where the material contacts the plastic where the plastic bears on the water. Therefore, all three methods of heat transfer, radiation, conduction and convection occur for exceptionally effective heat transfer. As the material dries, however, the infrared "window" is closed since moisture no longer contacts the plastic, and the only heat transfer taking place is by conduction.  1, record 14, English, - refractance%20window%20drying

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A propietary drying method that uses a heat transfer process and remove moisture while maintaing the maximum integrity of the natural material.  2, record 14, English, - refractance%20window%20drying

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection caused by mechanical forces, such as those arising from air motion over a rough or sloping surface.  2, record 15, English, - forced%20convection

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Convection... is a principal means of energy transfer. Distinction is made between free convection(gravitational or buoyant convection), motion caused only by density differences within the fluid; and forced convection, motion induced by mechanical forces such as deflection by a large-scale surface irregularity, turbulent flow caused by friction at the boundary of a fluid, or motion caused by any applied pressure gradient. Free and forced convection are not necessarily exclusive processes. On a windy day with overcast sky, the heat exchange between ground and air is an example of forced convection. On a sunny day with a little wind where the ground temperature rises, both kinds of convection take place.  3, record 15, English, - forced%20convection

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection d'une masse d'air causée par des forces mécaniques extérieures au système considéré.  2, record 15, French, - convection%20forc%C3%A9e

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convección producida por fuerzas mecánicas tales como las debidas al movimiento del aire sobre una superficie rugosa o una pendiente.  1, record 15, Spanish, - convecci%C3%B3n%20forzada

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection caused by density differences within the air.  3, record 16, English, - free%20convection

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Free convection is the rising of heated air and the sinking of cooler air without the need of external forces.  4, record 16, English, - free%20convection

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Convection... is a principal means of energy transfer. Distinction is made between free convection(gravitational or buoyant convection), motion caused only by density differences within the fluid; and forced convection, motion induced by mechanical forces such as deflection by a large-scale surface irregularity, turbulent flow caused by friction at the boundary of a fluid, or motion caused by any applied pressure gradient. Free and forced convection are not necessarily exclusive processes. On a windy day with overcast sky, the heat exchange between ground and air is an example of forced convection. On a sunny day with a little wind where the ground temperature rises, both kinds of convection take place.  5, record 16, English, - free%20convection

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convection provoquée par des différences de densité de l'air.  1, record 16, French, - convection%20libre

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] convection naturelle [...] est causée par le réchauffement diurne de la surface terrestre, résultant souvent en la formation de nuages Cumulus.  2, record 16, French, - convection%20libre

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Convección producida por diferencias de densidad dentro del aire.  1, record 16, Spanish, - convecci%C3%B3n%20libre

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The change from nucleate to film boiling.  3, record 17, English, - departure%20from%20nucleate%20boiling

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The vapor film formed between the heated surface and the cooling liquid decreases the heat transfer from surface to liquid so that a maximum occurs in the curve of heat flux density versus temperature difference.  4, record 17, English, - departure%20from%20nucleate%20boiling

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 OBS

departure from nucleate boiling: term standardized by ISO.  3, record 17, English, - departure%20from%20nucleate%20boiling

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans le transfert de chaleur entre une paroi chauffante et un fluide, modification du régime de vaporisation entraînant une réduction rapide et importante de l'échange thermique à la paroi par le passage de l'ébullition nucléée à la caléfaction.  3, record 17, French, - crise%20d%27%C3%A9bullition

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

échauffement critique : Terme normalisé par l'ISO.  4, record 17, French, - crise%20d%27%C3%A9bullition

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The effects and interactions of flows resulting from gravity, surface tension, thermocapillarity and solutal Marangoni effect are elucidated by considering the following cases :(1) isothermal film;(2) nonisothermal film with purely conductive heat transfer, as well as combined conductive and convective heat transfer; and(3) nonisothermal film with solute absorption.  3, record 18, English, - solutal%20Marangoni%20effect

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les effets et interactions des écoulements résultant de la gravité, de la tension de surface, de la thermocapillarité et de l'effet solutal de Marangoni sont élucidés pour les cas suivants : (1) film isotherme; (2) film non isotherme avec transfert de chaleur purement conductif, ainsi que transfert de chaleur mixte conductif-convectif; et (3) film non isotherme avec absorption de soluté.  1, record 18, French, - effet%20solutal%20de%20Marangoni

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Core project of International Geosphere-Biosphere Program. BAHC is an interdisciplinary project combining and integrating expertise from many disciplines, in particular eco-physiology, pedology, hydrology, and meteorology. BAHC in this respect has a transfer function : on the one hand developing techniques and algorithms to provide climatic data needed for hydroecological research, thereby translating the results of the World Climate Research Programme(WCRP) into the scales relevant for studies of changes of the conditions at the land surface, and on the other hand, providing soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer at larger scales, in particular, the areal pattern of heat and moisture fluxes according to land-surface heterogeneity. BAHC concentrates on investigations at scales where detailed studies of hydroecological processes are feasible in selected areas representing major ecosystems of the world and across boundaries between different ecosystems(ecotones, biome boundaries, etc.).  2, record 19, English, - Biospheric%20Aspects%20of%20the%20Hydrological%20Cycle

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

... qui étudie les interactions de la végétation avec les mécanismes physiques du cycle hydrologique.  2, record 19, French, - Programme%20de%20recherche%20sur%20les%20aspects%20biosph%C3%A9riques%20du%20cycle%20hydrologique

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another problem must be recognized in the design and operation of a heavy water plant using hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide reacts with oxygen to form elemental sulfur. The sulfur fouls or completely plugs the openings in the tower trays, orifices, small lines, heat transfer surfaces, and instrument loads in the cold part of the system.  1, record 20, English, - heat%20transfer%20surface

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Convection thermique: D'après le principe de fonctionnement, il y a trois types fondamentaux d'échangeurs de chaleur : [...] 3) les échangeurs à surface dans lesquels une surface de métal, ou d'un autre matériau, sépare les deux fluides qui parcourent simultanément l'appareil. Cette surface est traversée par le flux de chaleur qui est ainsi transmis d'un fluide à l'autre.  2, record 20, French, - surface%20d%27%C3%A9change%20thermique

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of applying heat and pressure through a metal die to transfer metallic or colored foil onto the material surface.  1, record 21, English, - foil%20stamping

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Opération qui consiste à déformer un morceau de métal initialement chauffé et enfermé dans une empreinte ménagée dans deux blocs matrices (...) fortement pressés l'un contre l'autre.  1, record 21, French, - estampage%20%C3%A0%20chaud

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Specific heat storage subsystems in use today, using tanks of water or beds of rocks, have demonstrated their ability to provide storage for several sunless days and nights in moderate climates.  1, record 22, English, - bed%20of%20rocks

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

They are particularly well adapted to use with air systems since the rocks provide a large amount of inexpensive heat transfer surface.  1, record 22, English, - bed%20of%20rocks

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le stockage en lit de roches associé aux capteurs à air nécessite des quantités de matériau minimales [...]  1, record 22, French, - lit%20de%20roches

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Firing a boiler at an input rate in excess of its rated capacity. The rated capacity of a boiler is based upon its heat transfer surface area.  1, record 23, English, - overrate%20firing

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

allure de marche / rating.  2, record 23, French, - allure%20de%20marche%20excessive

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Il existe [...] sur le marché des brûleurs à deux allures de marche.  3, record 23, French, - allure%20de%20marche%20excessive

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 3 OBS

La plupart des installations fonctionnent par intermittence en régulation «tout ou rien», par conséquent avec brûleur à pleine marche ou à l'arrêt. Dans certaines grosses installations, on prévoit plusieurs allures.  3, record 23, French, - allure%20de%20marche%20excessive

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Time rate of heat flow per unit area under steady conditions between a surface and a fluid for unit temperature difference between the surface and fluid.  1, record 24, English, - surface%20film%20conductance

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] flux de chaleur qui passe de l'air à la face intérieure [...] ou extérieure [...] de la paroi par mètre carré de surface et par degré de différence de température entre l'air intérieur, respectivement extérieur, et la paroi considérée.  2, record 24, French, - coefficient%20de%20transmission%20de%20surface

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A board, panel, or metal sheet used in gluing operations to facilitate loading of presses and provide uniform distribution of pressure during bonding; to prevent premature curing of the glue by retarding the transfer of heat to plywood having thin face veneers; to protect faces, or press platens, or both, against marring(i. e. surface damage) and staining, or to prevent unwanted adherence.  1, record 25, English, - caul

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Panneau de bois ou de métal que l'on utilise dans le collage des placages pour simplifier le chargement des presses et répartir plus également la pression.  2, record 25, French, - plaque%20de%20presse

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A device, which is designed to transfer heat easily... from one fluid to another while preventing mixing of the two fluids, made of a simple coil tube immersed in the storage tank that rely on natural conversion to move the water inside the tank past the heat exchange surface.  4, record 26, English, - coil%20in%20tank%20heat%20exchanger

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The heat exchanger coil is generally fabricated from either heavy-walled cooper or stainless steel tubing. The coil is inserted into the solar storage tank during the initial phases of tank construction.  3, record 26, English, - coil%20in%20tank%20heat%20exchanger

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The coil in tank heat exchanger can be used to transfer heat either from collector to storage or from storage to end use. Finned coils provide a large surface area to increase effectiveness.  1, record 26, English, - coil%20in%20tank%20heat%20exchanger

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans les régions où le gel est à craindre, l'addition de glycol dans le circuit d'eau des insolateurs rend cette eau impropre aux usages domestiques et oblige à installer un échangeur thermique à serpentin.  2, record 26, French, - serpentin%20%C3%A9changeur

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The condensate that forms in the dryer cylinders is removed by a specially-designed syphon assembly.... at the high speeds of modern paper machines, the condensate layer has become so immobilized that even a very thin layer is a significant impediment to heat flow. Fortunately, the condensate layer still has some peripheral motion at high machine speed. This motion can be converted into a wave action by means of "dryer bars" attached axially to the interior surface of the dryer cylinder. This wave action(called "sloshing") greatly decreases the thermal resistance of the rimming condensate, and thus allows an increased rate of heat transfer.  1, record 27, English, - sloshing

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Continuous near surface measurements of sensible and latent heat fluxes and momentum transfer using a sonic anemometer(SONIC site) and eddy correlation techniques....  1, record 28, English, - eddy%20correlation%20technique

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Another remaining major barrier to heat transfer in steam cooking has been the condensate that normally forms on the food. Cleveland has overcome this problem with forced convection steam. The turbulent force of the steam literally strokes off the condensate, so the food surface is more accessible to the available heat energy.  1, record 29, English, - forced%2Dconvection%20steam

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'autre obstacle primordial au transfert de la chaleur dans la cuisson à la vapeur était la condensation qui se formait normalement sur les aliments. Celevelant a résolu le problème par la vapeur à convection forcée. La turbulence de la vapeur élève vraiment la condensation, ce qui rend la surface de l'aliment plus accessible à l'énergie de chaleur disponible.  1, record 29, French, - vapeur%20%C3%A0%20convection%20forc%C3%A9e

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The pipes or channels on a collector surface through which the heat transfer fluid passes.  1, record 30, English, - riser

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'eau peut circuler dans des tubes métalliques fixés sur la tôle noircie. Tubes soudés ou brasés sous la surface absorbante. Les tuyauteries de l'absorbeur.  1, record 30, French, - tube%20m%C3%A9tallique

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A mechanism of heat transfer through a liquid in which hot material from the bottom rises because of its lesser density, while cool surface material sinks.  1, record 31, English, - thermal%20convection

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Heat transfer surface containing refrigerating fluid where refrigerating effect is desired.  1, record 32, English, - cooling%20element

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] un «élément réfrigérant», qui est en fait un échangeur de chaleur destiné à être placé dans un milieu à refroidir, n'est pas un appareil autonome, mais seulement un élément d'un système frigorifique. Il semblerait donc, à première vue, plus correct d'appliquer à ce matériel les termes tels que : échangeur de chaleur, batterie froide, refroidisseur d'air [...], etc., les «éléments» constitutifs de tels «échangeurs» pouvant alors être toutes les parties telles que tubes, ailettes, chicanes [...], etc. Quoi qu'il en soit, sachant a priori qu'un «élément» n'est qu'une partie d'un système et, à défaut d'une terminologie nationale définitivement normalisée, le terme «élément réfrigérant» ne sera pas proscrit dans le présent ouvrage [...]  1, record 32, French, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9ment%20r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9rant

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Il est intéressant de noter [...] que les Anglo-Américains utilisent très rarement le terme «cooling element», en lui préférant presque toujours celui de «cooling coil» (le mot coil désignant plutôt un serpentin, un rouleau ou une bobine qu'un «élément»).  1, record 32, French, - %C3%A9l%C3%A9ment%20r%C3%A9frig%C3%A9rant

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If a coil is buried in the ground at a depth of 4 to 6 ft. and it has sufficient heat transfer surface, the coil can be used as an outdoor coil for both heating and cooling cycles.(...) In actual construction, the ground coil is installed in a flat position.  2, record 33, English, - ground%20coil

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le serpentin enterré était d'une longueur de 149 m en cuivre, diamètre 2,5 cm.  1, record 33, French, - serpentin%20enterr%C3%A9

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Steam-heated kilns. Steam is commonly used as a source of heat in kilns. The temperature of saturated steam varies with its pressure, and more radiating surface is required to maintain a given heat transfer rate with low steam pressure than with high pressure steam.  2, record 34, English, - steam%2Dheated%20kiln

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Séchoirs chauffés à la vapeur. La vapeur est couramment utilisée dans les séchoirs comme source de chaleur. La température de la vapeur saturée varie avec sa pression; c'est pourquoi une plus grande surface de radiation est nécessaire pour maintenir un taux de transmission de chaleur donné si le séchoir fonctionne à la vapeur à basse pression plutôt qu'à haute pression.  1, record 34, French, - s%C3%A9choir%20chauff%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20la%20vapeur

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 35,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Heat transfer surface, most frequently of an extended surface arrangement, over which air is blown to be heated or cooled.  1, record 35, English, - transfer%20surface

Record 35,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On accélère la circulation de l'air pour augmenter le rendement donc l'échange de chaleur [...] Cette surface d'échange comporte des nappes de tubes munies d'ailettes.  1, record 35, French, - surface%20d%27%C3%A9change

Record 35,  Textual support,  Spanish