TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermal polypnea involves an increase in the respiratory minute volume; this leads to an increase in respiratory evaporative heat loss.  1, record 1, English, - thermal%20polypnea

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La polypnée thermique. Le chien ne transpire presque pas. Quand il a chaud et/ou qu'il doit fournir un effort physique intense, le chien régule normalement sa température interne en accélérant sa respiration : pendant le halètement, la fréquence respiratoire peut monter à 200 mouvements par minute!  1, record 1, French, - polypn%C3%A9e%20thermique

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

M-FC Agar is used for the detection of faecal coliforms by the membrane filtration technique.  3, record 2, English, - membrane%20fecal%20coliform%20agar

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Membrane filtration is the method of choice for the analysis of fecal coliforms in water. Samples to be tested are passed through a filter of particular pore size(generally 0. 45 micrometre). The microorganisms present in the water remain on the filter surface. When the filter is placed in a sterile Petri dish and saturated with an appropriate medium, growth of the desired organisms is encouraged, while that of other organisms is suppressed.... A 100 ml volume of a water sample is drawn through a membrane filter(0. 45 µm pore size) through the use of a vacuum pump. The filter is placed on a Petri dish containing M-FC agar and incubated for 24 hours at 44. 5 °C(112. 1 degrees F). This elevated temperature heat shocks non-fecal bacteria and suppresses their growth.  9, record 2, English, - membrane%20fecal%20coliform%20agar

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le terme «coliformes fécaux« ou «coliformes thermotolérants» [désigne] toutes les espèces bactériennes faisant partie de la famille des Enterobacteriaceae qui sont aérobies ou anaérobies facultatives, à Gram négatif, asporulées, en forme de bâtonnet et produisant des colonies bleues en moins de 24 heures à 44,5 °C sur une gélose m-FC contenant du lactose. L'espèce caractéristique et principale des coliformes fécaux est Escherichia coli, mais d'autres souches de coliformes, telles Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter spp et Klebsiella spp, peuvent aussi se reproduire dans un milieu lactosé à 44,5 °C.  2, record 2, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20pour%20d%C3%A9tection%20de%20coliformes%20f%C3%A9caux%20par%20filtration%20sur%20membrane

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

La méthode de filtration sur membrane consiste à recueillir, identifier et dénombrer, à la surface d'une membrane filtrante stérile, les bactéries coliformes d'origine fécale dans un échantillon d'eau. Il s'agit de filtrer à travers une membrane de porosité de 0,45 mm un volume déterminé de l'échantillon, de déposer cette membrane sur un milieu de culture sélectif, la gélose m-FC, et d'incuber cette gélose à 44,5 ± 0,2 °C pendant 24 ± 2 heures. Dans ces conditions, les coliformes fécaux forment des colonies bleues, permettant ainsi de les énumérer et de les identifier de façon présomptive. La présence de coliformes fécaux est confirmée ensuite par une réaction positive au test de l'ONPG [test d'utilisation de o-nitrophényl-β-D-galactopyranoside ou de présence de l'enzyme β-galactosidase] et une réaction négative à l'épreuve de la cytochrome-oxydase. Une confirmation spécifique de E. coli demande aussi une réaction positive de l'épreuve du MUG [test d'utilisation de 4-méthylumbelliféryl-β-D-glucuronide]. La présence de sels biliaires dans le milieu m-FC inhibe la croissance de la majorité des organismes à Gram positif et les micro-organismes sporulants alors que le sel de sodium de l'acide rosolique inhibe la croissance d'une variété de bactéries non coliformes.  2, record 2, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20pour%20d%C3%A9tection%20de%20coliformes%20f%C3%A9caux%20par%20filtration%20sur%20membrane

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

gélose m-FC; milieu gélosé m-FC : L'abréviation anglaise «m-fc» dans ces termes signifie «membrane faecal coliform», c'est-à-dire «coliformes fécaux sur membrane».  1, record 2, French, - g%C3%A9lose%20pour%20d%C3%A9tection%20de%20coliformes%20f%C3%A9caux%20par%20filtration%20sur%20membrane

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A reduction in volume of a substance without heat flow, in or out.  2, record 3, English, - adiabatic%20compression

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adiabatic compression is the compression of a gas without any transfer of heat to the surroundings. It results in an increase in the temperature of the gas undergoing compression.  3, record 3, English, - adiabatic%20compression

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Un gaz se refroidit pendant une détente adiabatique et se réchauffe pendant une compression adiabatique.  2, record 3, French, - compression%20adiabatique

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Compresión sin intercambio de calor con el exterior.  1, record 3, Spanish, - compresi%C3%B3n%20adiab%C3%A1tica

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Solid waste treatment and disposal. Once collected, municipal solid waste may be treated in order to reduce the total volume and weight of material that requires final disposal. Treatment changes the form of the waste and makes it easier to handle. It can also serve to recover certain materials, as well as heat energy, for recycling or reuse.  1, record 4, English, - solid%20waste%20treatment

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The bent coil increases the overall surface area of the coil for a given duct volume, improving the heat exchange characteristics of the coil.  2, record 5, English, - bent%20coil

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[La] bobine coudée augmente la surface active générale de la bobine pour un volume canalisé donné, ce qui améliore les caractéristiques d'échange thermique de la bobine.  1, record 5, French, - bobine%20coud%C3%A9e

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Electric door closers enable clients to retain heat within a building, especially one with a large volume of pedestrian traffic. [The company] supplies electric door closers for both automatic sliding doors and automatic swing doors...  2, record 6, English, - electric%20door%20closer

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Prévoir l’installation [d'un] ferme-porte électrique sur les portes coupe-feu qui devront être maintenues ouvertes [...] plutôt que des retenues magnétiques murales ou au plancher.  2, record 6, French, - ferme%2Dporte%20%C3%A9lectrique

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cork Insulation. Cork is the outer bark of an oak tree that flourishes only in the area surrounding the western Mediterranean Sea. Instead of being fibrous in structure, the bark of the cork oak is composed of tiny cells, so small that there are 200 million of them to every cubic inch of cork bark. These tiny cells give cork a high resistance to the passage of heat. Each cell is filled with still air, and next to a vacuum, still air is the best insulation known. Because the cells are so tiny, no convection currents in the air can be established to reduce its insulation properties. The cellular structure gives the material its high degree of natural moisture resistance. Each tiny cork cell is a perfect geometric shape, having 14 sides. The volume of cork includes more than 75% air. Its thermal conductivity is 0. 26 Btu per square foot per hour per degree temperature difference at 60 degrees F.(metric), and 0. 30 Btu per square foot per degree temperature difference at 180 degrees F(metric).  2, record 7, English, - cork%20insulation

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cork insulation: term officially approved by the Lexicon Project Committee (New Brunswick).  3, record 7, English, - cork%20insulation

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les isolants peuvent être classés, selon leur origine, en 3 catégories : 1er les matériaux d'origine minérale [...]; 2e les matériaux d'origine végétale (liège, balsa, paille, varech); 3e les matériaux plastiques alvéolaires [...]  2, record 7, French, - isolant%20de%20li%C3%A8ge

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Le tronc du chêne-liège est recouvert d'une écorce épaisse, récoltée pour fabriquer des bouchons ou des matériaux isolants.  3, record 7, French, - isolant%20de%20li%C3%A8ge

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Cahier Enviroguide chlore, chap. 4.1.4.  4, record 7, French, - isolant%20de%20li%C3%A8ge

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 4 OBS

isolant de liège : terme uniformisé par le Comité du projet de lexiques (Nouveau-Brunswick).  5, record 7, French, - isolant%20de%20li%C3%A8ge

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The traveling hearth oven or tunnel oven is designed primarily for large volume continuous operation. Here the hearth represents a motor-driven conveyor which passes in a straight line through a series of heat zones... at a rate that assures thorough baking of the goods. Loading is done at one end and unloading [is done at the same level] at the opposite end of the oven.  5, record 8, English, - tunnel%20oven

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Tunnel oven.  5, record 8, English, - tunnel%20oven

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le four tunnel est en gros constitué par un long couloir [...] La sole du four peut être constituée par des chaînes [...] En France, pour la cuisson du pain, c'est un tapis métallique laminé qui en tient lieu. Un gros tambour à chaque extrémité du four sert à tendre et à entraîner le tapis qui se déplace à l'intérieur et sur lequel se déroule la cuisson.  1, record 8, French, - four%20tunnel

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The prerequisite for glasses and glass-ceramics to bond to living bone is the formation of biologically active bonelike apatite on their surfaces in the body. Our previous study showed that a silica gel prepared by a hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane in aqueous solution containing poly(ethylene glycol) induces apatite nucleation on its surface in a simulated body fluid. In the present study, the effects of heat treatment of silica gel on its catalytic effects in apatite nucleation was investigated in a simulated body fluid. It was found that apatite forms on the surfaces of silica gels heat-treated below 800 C, but not on those heat-treated above 900 C. The volume of nanometer-range pores in the gel remarkably decreased by heat treatment above 900 C. The concentration of silanol groups in the silica gels gradually decreased with increasing heat treatment temperature. The rate of silica dissolution from the gel into the simulated body fluid decreased remarkably by heat treatment above 900 C. This suggested that a special type of silanol group which is formed by soaking the gel treated below 800 C into the simulated body fluid is responsible for apatite nucleation.  3, record 9, English, - simulated%20body%20fluid

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

body fluid: Any liquid component of the body.  4, record 9, English, - simulated%20body%20fluid

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les recherches sur les aspects santé et sécurité de la fibre de verre font partie de trois catégories de base : a) les études épidémiologiques humaines évaluent la santé des travailleurs de la fibre de verre; b) les études en laboratoire examinent les effets biologiques de la fibre de verre sur les animaux de laboratoire, les cultures cellulaires et les liquides organiques simulés; c) les études sur l'hygiène industrielle mesurent les expositions à la poussière de fibre de verre en suspension dans l'air pendant la fabrication, l'installation, l'utilisation et l'enlèvement.  1, record 9, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Contrairement aux allergènes protéiques connus, [les protéines CryIA(b) et PAT] sont dégradées rapidement par l'acide ou l'hydrolyse enzymatique lorsqu'elles sont exposées à des liquides gastriques simulés.  2, record 9, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS

le test du liquide gastrique simulé (LGS), un système artificiel pour tester la digestibilité des protéines, n'est pas identique aux conditions physiologiques du tube digestif.  3, record 9, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS

liquide organique : Liquide qui circule dans l'organisme ou est secrété par lui (sang, plasma, lymphe, liquide céphalo-rachidien, urines, sueur, etc.).  4, record 9, French, - liquide%20organique%20simul%C3%A9

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

One example of the butane stove is the Bleuet S-200. At above-freezing temperatures it has high heat output per unit weight and offers the advantage of quick starting. Butane has about 7% more energy that gasoline on a weight basis, 14% less on a volume basis. The stove does not have the continuous, even heat output of the gasoline or kerosene stove. When the tank is almost empty, output is about 30% of the initial amount.  1, record 10, English, - butane%20stove

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Calorimetric heat equivalent of the volume of liquid distilled in a lucimeter.  2, record 11, English, - heliometric%20index

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

This index varies from instrument to instrument.  2, record 11, English, - heliometric%20index

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Équivalent calorimétrique du volume de liquide distillé dans un lucimètre.  2, record 11, French, - indice%20h%C3%A9liom%C3%A9trique

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L'indice varie d'un instrument à l'autre.  2, record 11, French, - indice%20h%C3%A9liom%C3%A9trique

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En calorimetría, el equivalente en calor al volumen de líquido destilado en un lucímetro.  1, record 11, Spanish, - %C3%ADndice%20heliom%C3%A9trico

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Este índice varía de un instrumento a otro.  1, record 11, Spanish, - %C3%ADndice%20heliom%C3%A9trico

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Molar quantity is often convenient to express an extensive quantity(e. g., volume, enthalpy, heat capacity, etc.) as the actual value divided by amount of substance(number of moles).  2, record 12, English, - extensive%20quantity

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Extensive variables are proportional to the size of the system. Intensive variables do not depend on the size of the system. Extensive variables: volume, mass, energy. Intensive variables: pressure, temperature, density. If we divide an extensive quantity by the number of moles (or number of particles), we obtain an intensive quantity.  3, record 12, English, - extensive%20quantity

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il existe une différence très nette entre la chaleur et la température; la chaleur est une forme de l'énergie tandis que la température n'est qu'un facteur de cette forme d'énergie; en fait d'une façon plus rigoureuse la chaleur est le produit de la température, grandeur intensive par une grandeur extensive, l'entropie.  1, record 12, French, - grandeur%20extensive

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The heat required to raise the material temperature by a specified amount under conditions of constant volume; can be estimated from Cp [constant pressure] and the Cp/Cv(Y) [gamma] ratio of specific heats or the compressibility factor.  1, record 13, English, - heat%20capacity%20at%20constant%20volume

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

C_v.  2, record 13, English, - heat%20capacity%20at%20constant%20volume

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quantité de chaleur nécessaire pour augmenter d'un degré la température d'une substance dans des conditions de pression constante; elle peut être évaluée à partir de la capacité à pression constante et du rapport capacité à pression constante/capacité à volume constant ou du facteur de compressibilité (représenté par Y [gamma] ou Z).  1, record 13, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20calorifique%20%C3%A0%20volume%20constant

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cantidad de calor requerida para elevar un sistema un grado de temperatura, de un modo especificado, usualmente a presión y volumen constantes.  2, record 13, Spanish, - capacidad%20calor%C3%ADfica%20a%20volumen%20constante

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The Microgravity Science Glovebox(MSG) is a joint development project between NASA and the European Space Agency(ESA). The double rack unit is a versatile research facility designed to permit the flexibility of crew-manipulated investigations. Its configuration has been planned around the concept of an experimental workstation where a variety of experiments can be installed and operated in a fashion very similar to their operation in a ground-based laboratory.... Specifically, the facility provides a large enclosed work volume, power, video, photography, vacuum connections, heat rejection, stowage, filtered air, gaseous nitrogen, lighting, airlock access, physical positioning and hold-down attachments, and computer data acquisition and control capabilities.  3, record 14, English, - microgravity%20science%20glovebox

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The MSG [Microgravity Science Glovebox] is a containment facility designed for supporting a wide range of microgravity science investigations and demonstrations. In the sealed mode, the MSG serves as a single level of containment by providing a physical barrier. In the air circulation mode the MSG serves as a one failure tolerant containment by providing a physical barrier and a negative pressure relative to the cabin. The MSG further facilitates investigations by providing many of the resources that are typically used by microgravity science investigations.  4, record 14, English, - microgravity%20science%20glovebox

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

microgravity science glovebox; MSG: term and abbreviation officially approved by the International Space Station official approval Group (ISSOAG).  5, record 14, English, - microgravity%20science%20glovebox

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La boîte à gants permettra aux astronautes à bord de la Station spatiale internationale de procéder à de nombreuses expériences dans le domaine des matériaux, de la combustion, des fluides et de la technologie et de conduire des études sur l'environnement en microgravité. Elle devrait être lancée dans le mini-module logistique pressurisé en mai 2002. Cette installation scientifique offre un volume de travail clos et étanche ; elle est équipée de branchements pour l'éclairage, les dispositifs mécaniques, l'électricité, les données, le gaz et le vide et d'une régulation thermique pour mener à bien les expériences. On accède au volume de travail par des gants intégrés qui isolent l'expérience de l'environnement et de l'opérateur. La MSG [Microgravity Science Glovebox] est montée dans un bâti de charge utile international normalisé (ISPR) ; elle peut être utilisée en mode ouvert, l'air circulant alors du volume de travail vers la cabine de la Station spatiale, ou en mode fermé, l'air ne circulant qu'à l'intérieur de la MSG. De plus, la boîte à gants est capable de maintenir une atmosphère inerte avec de l'azote sec, le volume d'oxygène restant alors égal ou inférieur à 10 %.  2, record 14, French, - bo%C3%AEte%20%C3%A0%20gants

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

boîte à gants; MSG : terme et abréviation uniformisés par le Groupe de travail de la terminologie de la Station spatiale internationale (GTTSSI).  3, record 14, French, - bo%C3%AEte%20%C3%A0%20gants

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Describes] the relationship of pressure and volume when a gas or other fluid is compressed or expanded without either giving out or receiving heat.  3, record 15, English, - adiabatic

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Adiabatic change.  4, record 15, English, - adiabatic

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Qualifie une transformation selon laquelle un système évolue sans qu'aucune quantité de chaleur ne soit échangée avec le milieu extérieur.  2, record 15, French, - adiabatique

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 OBS

En l'absence de réaction chimique, adiabatique est synonyme d'isentropique.  3, record 15, French, - adiabatique

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 PHR

Variation adiabatique de la température.  4, record 15, French, - adiabatique

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The process of reducing solid waste volume by burning. The solid wastes are either sorted or fed directly into the incinerator where they are subjected to intense heat. The subsequent residue amounts to about 10% of the original volume....  3, record 16, English, - incineration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 DEF

A proposed method for reducing the very long-term alpha radioactivity of unwanted actinides (e.g., americium, curium) by neutron irradiation in a fast reactor, leading to fission. Also applied to the use of fast reactors to consume, rather than create plutonium.  4, record 16, English, - incineration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Many solid wastes are stored or disposed of in the form in which they exist without further treatment .... Other wastes, such as trash, can be treated by methods such as compaction or incineration to reduce the volume and enhance the stability of the waste, for example, hospital wastes.  5, record 16, English, - incineration

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Aux termes de la loi [Loi sur la qualité de l'environnement], brûlage contrôlé des déchets solides, dans un bâtiment spécialement conçu à cette fin.  2, record 16, French, - incin%C3%A9ration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'incinération est une technique des plus intéressantes du point de vue de la réduction de volume, certes, mais aussi parce qu'elle met les déchets sous une forme particulièrement stable et qu'elle permet enfin la récupération ultérieure de certains radionucléides, notamment les émetteurs a [alpha]. Enfin, elle est particulièrement adaptée aux déchets putrescibles ou pathogènes de la recherche biologique, aux déchets cellulosiques et aux liquides organiques [...]  3, record 16, French, - incin%C3%A9ration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir aussi «combustion».  4, record 16, French, - incin%C3%A9ration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 PHR

incinération à très haute température, en air raréfié, en pilote actif, en prototype inactif, oxydante, scorifiante.  4, record 16, French, - incin%C3%A9ration

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 2 PHR

enrobage des cendres d'incinération, four, installation, poste, usine d'incinération.  4, record 16, French, - incin%C3%A9ration

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Método de eliminación de residuos mediante transformación de la fracción combustible en materias inertes y gases después de una combustion a temperatura elevada.  2, record 16, Spanish, - incineraci%C3%B3n

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Sodium is the sixth most abundant element on earth, comprising about 2. 6% of the earth's crust; it is the most abundant of the alkali group of metals of which it is a member.... Sodium is a soft, bright, silvery metal which floats on water, decomposing it with the evolution of hydrogen and the formation of the hydroxide.... Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of sodamide and esters, and in the preparation of organic compounds. The metal may be used to improve the structure of certain alloys, to descale metal, to purify molten metals, and as a heat transfer agent.... Seventeen isotopes of sodium are recognized. Metallic sodium is, [on] a volume basis, the cheapest of all metals. Sodium metal should be handled with great care.  4, record 17, English, - metallic%20sodium

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

... Argonne’s technology can successfully prepare for disposal some 60 tons of "sodium-bonded" fuel stored at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). This experimental reactor fuel contains metallic sodium, a highly chemically reactive material that presents disposal challenges. For example, metallic sodium reacts with water to produce explosive hydrogen gas and corrosive sodium hydroxide, both of which could create problems in a deep underground repository ...  5, record 17, English, - metallic%20sodium

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit volume of soil by one degree.  2, record 18, English, - heat%20capacity

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It may also be expressed in terms of weight.  2, record 18, English, - heat%20capacity

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Quantité de chaleur qu'il faut fournir pour élever d'un degré la température d'un volume unitaire de sol.  2, record 18, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20calorifique

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 OBS

On peut l'exprimer en fonction du poids.  2, record 18, French, - capacit%C3%A9%20calorifique

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The rate at which fuel, or an air-fuel mixture is supplied to a burner or furnace, expressed in volume, weight, or heat units supplied per unit time.  2, record 19, English, - firing%20rate

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

taux d'allumage, exprime le taux auquel le combustible ou le mélange air-combustible arrive au brûleur.  1, record 19, French, - taux%20d%27allumage

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Contraction and reduction in size or volume through the action of heat, cold, or moisture.  2, record 20, English, - shrinking

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Toptex-W pour le rétrécissement et l'amélioration du toucher de tissus et tricots. [...] Le taux de retrait résiduel [est] reproductible par rétrécissement compressif.  1, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9tr%C3%A9cissement

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Toptex-W est une machine textile.  2, record 20, French, - r%C3%A9tr%C3%A9cissement

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... in a fluidized-bed gasifier... the fuel is kept in suspension and experiences high temperatures which are produced by partial combustion. The advantage of fluidized-bed gasification is seen in the high heat transfer which enables the system to produce high power in a small volume.  2, record 21, English, - fluidized%20bed%20gasifier

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] gazogène [qui] comprend essentiellement un lit fluidisé dans lequel des particules sont mises en suspension [...]  1, record 21, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20en%20lit%20fluidis%C3%A9

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Dans le lit fluidisé le combustible est maintenu en suspension, il est successivement pyrolysé puis gazéifié à une température d'au moins 850 °C afin de craquer les goudrons formés. La température est maintenue très uniforme [...]  1, record 21, French, - gazog%C3%A8ne%20en%20lit%20fluidis%C3%A9

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the Bio-drum has the volume to hold the necessary mass of material to retain the natural heat developed in the core of the compost.  1, record 22, English, - natural%20heat

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] le Bio-drum peut contenir la masse nécessaire à conserver la chaleur naturelle développée au centre du compost.  1, record 22, French, - chaleur%20naturelle

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 23,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The "Sun-Mar" three chamber system... The composting chamber. "Sun-Mar" engineers found that the ideal conditions for fast, odorless composting could only be provided in a rotating drum,(we call it the Bio-drum). The Bio-drum is uniquely able to keep the compost completely oxygenated, mixed, moist and warm, and so provide perfect conditions for fast, aerobic(and therefore odorless) composting. Waste enters the composting drum through an entry port located in the top of the Bio-drum. By turning the handle on the front of the unit, the drum rotates, and the compost tumbles,(assisted by a mixing baffle) thereby thoroughly and completely oxygenating and mixing every part of the compost. The Bio-drum is fitted with a door which closes automatically to keep the waste inside as the drum rotates. After turning, a lock automatically maintains the Bio-drum in a top dead centre position ready to receive new material. To ensure that the compost cannot get saturated, a screen at the rear of the drum filters any excess liquid directly into the evaporating chamber. At the same time, by protecting the compost from direct heat, the Bio-drum keeps the compost uniformly moist. Lastly, the Bio-drum has the volume to hold the necessary mass of material to retain the natural heat developed in the core of the compost. Insulation on the outside of the drum prevents heat loss. The warm, moist, oxygen rich conditions in the Bio-drum allow the microbes to quickly break down the waste into its essential minerals. When the drum gets 2/3 full, some compost is extracted into the finishing drawer. This is done simply by pulling the drum lock, and rotating the drum backwards. Now, the drum door remains open, and compost falls into the second chamber;-the compost finishing drawer.  1, record 23, English, - composting%20chamber

Record 23,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le système à trois compartiments «Sun-Mar». [...] Le compartiment à compostage. Les ingénieurs «Sun-Mar» ont découvert que les conditions idéales d'une décomposition rapide et inodore ne peuvent être assurées que dans un tambour rotatif (que nous appelons tambour «Bio-drum»), dans lequel il est possible d'oxygéner et de mélanger le compost complètement et de le maintenir humide et chaud. Les déchets entrent dans la partie supérieure du Bio-drum. En tournant la manivelle du tambour, située sur le devant du cabinet, le compost culbute (action favorisée par la plaque de mélange). Ce culbutage permet l'oxygénation et le mélange complet de la matière à composter. Le tambour est muni d'une porte qui se ferme automatiquement pour retenir les déchets pendant la rotation du tambour. Par la suite, un verrou maintient automatiquement le tambour Bio-drum en position pour accepter d'autres déchets. Pour éviter la saturation du compost, une grille est située à l'arrière du tambour qui filtre et dirige vers l'aire d'évaporation tout liquide excédentaire. En protégeant le compost contre la chaleur directe, le Bio-drum maintient également un degré uniforme d'humidité. En dernier lieu, le Bio-drum peut contenir la masse nécessaire à conserver la chaleur naturelle développée au centre du compost. L'isolation à l'extérieur du tambour évite la perte de chaleur vers l'extérieur. Quand celui-ci est rempli aux 2/3, on transfère une partie du compost dans le tiroir de finition. À cette fin, il suffit de tirer le verrou du tambour et de tourner celui-ci dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre. Maintenant, la porte du tambour reste ouverte et le compost tombe dans le tiroir de finition.  1, record 23, French, - compartiment%20%C3%A0%20compostage

Record 23,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 24,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In recent years, fluidized bed combustion of biomass has become commercial practice. Two types of combustors have been developed :(1) the conventional dense-phase or bubbling bed combustor, and(2) the circulating fluidized bed combustor. Fluidized bed combustors offer several advantages. There is a high mass of inert material in the combustor, capable of absorbing energy from fuels that combust in a highly volatile fashion. The bed media contain sufficient energy that very wet fuels(e. g., 65% MCg) can be burned successfully.... Conventional dense-phase fluidized bed systems have grate release levels in the vicinity of 5. 6 GJ/m2 grate equivalent and 470 MJ/m3 of volume(Envirosphere, 1980). Rates of heat release for circulating fluidized beds are somewhat higher.  1, record 24, English, - bubbling%20bed%20combustor

Record 24,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Voir "lit fluidisé à bulles" dans la Revue de l'Énergie, no 34, janvier-février 1982, p. 181.  1, record 24, French, - four%20%C3%A0%20lit%20fluidis%C3%A9%20%C3%A0%20bulles

Record 24,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 25,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Thermal barrier through fibres with PCM incorporated microcapsules... fibres incorporating Phase Change Material(PCM) microcapsules; these are added to the polymer solution prior to spinning. The fibres block the thermal flow, accumulating heat over long periods and limit heat losses at low temperatures. This barrier effect... is far superior to compressed aerated insulators and the absence of enclosed air decreases considerably the volume of finished textile products.  1, record 25, English, - finished%20textile%20product

Record 25,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Barrière thermique par fibres à microcapsules PCM incorporées. (...) fibres incorporant des microcapsules PCM (Phase Change Material) ajoutées à la solution de polymère avant le filage. Ces fibres bloquent le flux thermique, accumulant la chaleur sur de longues périodes et limitant les pertes de chaleur à basse température. Cet effet barrière (...) est très supérieur à celui des isolants comprimés aérés, et l'absence d'inclusions d'air diminue considérablement le volume des produits finis textiles.  1, record 25, French, - produit%20fini%20textile

Record 25,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 26,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A period of time after burner startup (call for heat) during which the burner motor (blower or fan) runs to change the air of the combustion chamber and breeching prior to ignition trials. This removes any unburned fuel so only the incoming fuel will be present for ignition.  2, record 26, English, - prepurge

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The programmer controls the sequence of operation as follows : 1. Starts the burner fan so that the furnace, or combustion space, the gas passages of the heat exchanger, and the breeching are purged of any unburned combustible gases. This flow of air is maintained until the entire volume of combustion space, gas passages, and breeching has been changed at least several times. it is commonly called prepurge.  3, record 26, English, - prepurge

Record 26,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les traits communs des systèmes de régulation de grandes chaudières à gaz ou à fuel sont : le système de sécurité de fermeture [...], la vérification de l'allumage électrique avant démarrage, la pré-purge pour évacuer les gaz non brûlés de la chambre de combustion avant démarrage, la post-purge [...] et l'allumage à faible intensité [...]  3, record 26, French, - pr%C3%A9balayage

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Certains brûleurs réalisent le prébalayage, c'est-à-dire un effet de soufflerie qui précède l'allumage des électrodes et qui a pour effet de chasser les gaz détonants (mélange de gaz rémanents et imbrûlés qui n'auraient pas fait l'objet d'une combustion parfaite) La période de prébalayage (quelques secondes) peut se confondre avec la période de pré-allumage qui correspond à la mise sous tension du transformateur d'allumage.  1, record 26, French, - pr%C3%A9balayage

Record 26,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 27,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The [freeze prevention] system is located in the aft accessory compartment and consists of a temperature control(modulating and shut-off) valve, temperature control thermostat, mufflers, and ducts. The ground operated APU is used with the left-hand pack to provide the warm air required to raise the temperature of the heat exchanger cooling air. The system taps into the APU bleed air supply duct before the check valve at the elbow under the catwalk and air is distributed by auxiliary ducts to a muffler under the flow control valve of each pack and to a single spray bar upstream of the left diverter valve. A temperature control valve in the ducting regulates the volume of bleed air to be used.  2, record 27, English, - muffler

Record 27,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce silencieux est fixé par vis sur la prise d'air du refroidisseur d'huile. Il est constitué d'une cuvette et d'un couvercle percés de plusieurs orifices qui permettent le passage de l'air de refroidissement. L'insonorisation est assurée par de la laine de verre qui est placée à l'intérieur de la cuvette.  2, record 27, French, - silencieux

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 OBS

silencieux : terme accepté par le Comité d'étude de la terminologie des cartes de travail du DC-9.  3, record 27, French, - silencieux

Record 27,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 28,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Most modern hydronic systems usually employ a flow-through type of heat exchanger. This consists of a number of finned heat exchange tubes connecting two headers. This heat exchange system is generally used with finned convector radiators to transfer heat to living areas... [A] circulation pump is used to force water, at 80 °C(180°F), quickly through the system. A smaller volume of water is used, which means smaller pipes and radiators.  1, record 28, English, - flow%2Dthrough%20type%20of%20heat%20exchanger

Record 28,  Textual support,  French

Record 28,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 29,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... substance that through which changes of temperature, volume and pressure is the means of carrying out thermodynamic processes or cycles(as in a heat engine or a refrigerating machine).  1, record 29, English, - working%20fluid

Record 29,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Dans une machine thermodynamique, fluide auquel on fait subir une série de transformations cycliques, en vue de la production d'une forme d'énergie utile.  1, record 29, French, - fluide%20thermodynamique

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'air, la vapeur d'eau, les fréons sont des fluides thermodynamiques courants.  1, record 29, French, - fluide%20thermodynamique

Record 29,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 30,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... estimates of the total heat stored in a given volume of rock and fluid which, in conjunction with various engineering and economic criteria, provides the basis for the "reserve" estimates.  1, record 30, English, - heat%20in%20place

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 OBS

It should never be confused with "reserves" which implies that physical recovery is possible.  1, record 30, English, - heat%20in%20place

Record 30,  Textual support,  French

Record 30,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 31,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Designers of heat exchangers are constantly striving to develop more effective surface configurations. A wavy shape, for instance, was found to be more effective than straight fins. In this way, compact heat exchangers have been created.  2, record 31, English, - compact%20heat%20exchanger

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Compact heat exchangers offer a potential cost savings by eliminating the need for a pressure shell and by requiring a smaller volume of material.  3, record 31, English, - compact%20heat%20exchanger

Record 31,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les échangeurs compacts sont de 4 types: échangeurs à plaques, échangeurs à lamelles, échangeurs spirale, et échangeurs à tubes rapprochés. Tous sont commercialisés. Ce sont des appareils à utiliser surtout en service propre. Ces échangeurs ont généralement de très bonnes performances de transfert.  2, record 31, French, - %C3%A9changeur%20compact

Record 31,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 32,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Net calorific value(NCV) is the number of heat units obtained by the complete combustion of a unit mass(for solids and liquids) or a unit volume(for gases) ;it is assumed that the make-up fuel and the agent of combustion are at atmospheric pressure and 25 ° C, that the combustion products are brought to the same pressure and temperature and that the water of combustion is present at steam.  1, record 32, English, - agent%20of%20combustion

Record 32,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Le pouvoir calorifique inférieur (PCI) représente la quantité de chaleur dégagée par la combustion complète de l'unité de masse (pour les solides et les liquides) ou de volume (pour les gaz); on admet que le carburant d'appoint et le comburant sont à la pression atmosphérique et à 25 ° C, que les produits de combustion sont ramenés aux mêmes conditions de pression et température et que l'eau dégagée par la combustion reste au stade de la vapeur.  1, record 32, French, - comburant

Record 32,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 33,  Textual support,  French

Record 33,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 34,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

--(...) is essentially specific heat times mass. It expresses the change in thermal energy in a unit volume of soil per unit change in temperature.  1, record 34, English, - volumetric%20heat

Record 34,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 OBS

--quantité de chaleur nécessaire pour élever de un degré l'unité de volume du corps considéré.  1, record 34, French, - chaleur%20volumique

Record 34,  Textual support,  Spanish